Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2019)最新文献

{"title":"The Diagonal Grid as a Design Method in the Armenian Medieval Architecture","authors":"Hrant Hovsepyan","doi":"10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.13","url":null,"abstract":"Armenian architecture has been a subject of serious studies since the beginning of last century. Numerous medieval constructions have been measured, researched and reconstructed. However, there is a major disagreement among the specialists on the existence of a design stage, preceding the actual phase of construction. The absence of actual data and survived projects, as well as the limited historical information on this issue, are the reasons of this disagreement. That is why the historical evidence on the activity of Trdat the architect, provided by the 10th century chronicler Asoghik, is of critical importance. In this historical record the chronicler testifies that Trdat had a preliminary idea on the reconstruction of ruined St. Sofia dome. The information provided on Trdat’s method is of particular interest, as the latter set an example and prepared a model of the future construction. The Cathedral of Ani was erected by the same architect Trdat in 989. The study of the cathedral’s measured materials may shed a light on the issue of existence of preliminary developed drafts with volumetric and spatial solutions of future structures. Here the diagonals drawn by the midpoints of the dome columns are not only the principal lines of the planning, but also a part of a uniform diagonal grid, which underlies the whole plan. The facades fit into a square and all key feature marks are located in horizontal lines, which are set on the peaks of diagonal grid. The slopes of pediment are obtained by connecting the vertices of a smaller grid to each other. The same construction principles were identified as a result of measurement research about Marmashen Cathedral (which was built in the beginning of the 11th century and is attributed to Trdat) and Noravank (this church is considered to be a masterpiece by the architect Momik of the 14th century). The studies have helped to come to the conclusion that the diagonal grid as a design method has been continuously used by Armenian medieval architects throughout centuries. Keywords—diagonal grid; design method; church; plan; facade; square","PeriodicalId":320024,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2019)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122393460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soviet Architecture of the 1960s: Between Internationalization and Regionalization","authors":"Stéphane Gaessler","doi":"10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.8","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the evolution of Soviet architecture during the 1960s, marked by the triumph of a modernist architecture, which will also generate forms of regionalization within the USSR, and which will be marked at the same time by an important phenomenon of internationalization, which is particularly illustrated by the export of Soviet specialists to decolonized territories. Keywords—architecture; urban planning; history of the USSR; connected histories; postcolonial history; epistemology of","PeriodicalId":320024,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2019)","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122925569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Architects of Russian Emigration in Rome Between Two Wars: Questions of Integration and Ways of Adaptation","authors":"A. Vyazemtseva","doi":"10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.17","url":null,"abstract":"At the beginning of the 20th century, lots of young and promising Russian architects travelled to Italy, interpreting gained experience in projects and buildings (V.F. Shuko, I.A. Fomin), and some of them even had building practices there (A. Schusev). After the October Revolution of 1917 many actors of creative professions leaved Russia, but the architects were in the minority among immigrants and only a few of them settled (A.Y. Beloborodov, L.M. Brailovsky) or constantly worked (G.K. Lukomsky) in Italy. The paper tries to analyze the careers of the mentioned and other architects, to describe the particular circumstances of their work in the conditions of emigration, to determine their place in the Italian and international professional culture of that time. Keywords—20th century architecture; contemporary history; Russian architecture; Russian emigration architects; Russian","PeriodicalId":320024,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2019)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129858961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Application of Pixelate in Architectural Internal Space Constitution","authors":"Xiaojuan Hui","doi":"10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.73","url":null,"abstract":"This paper starts from the study on the representation of two-dimensional pixels in three-dimensional space, and focuses on studying the internal space and combination form of commercial complex, using pixelated modular space to create infinite space in finite space. \"Pixelate\" is mostly applied to two-dimensional planes. The paper attempts to make the \"pixels\" three-dimensional, use equal \"pixelate\" to break traditional architectural design’s confinement of starting from the plane, starts from threedimensional design, and applies it to the representation of architectural space design. The form of \"pixelated\" space is selected for its shape uses the space most rationally and is the most easily realized. As land resource becomes less and less, the functions used cannot be directly proportional to it. Therefore, it is necessary to make rational use of space and maximize its use to achieve a higher level of spiritual consumption by users. The architecture of “pixelated” space has architectural ideas with distinct characteristics of times. The current thinking of space issues aims to save resources and diversify performances, and reflects the simplicity and functionality of modern design. To a large extent, it can solve the existing problems of space and sustainable development, and has certain practical significance. Keywords—pixelate; space composition; architectural space","PeriodicalId":320024,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2019)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123969550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inventing \"Modern Architecture\": Government and Social Order in the USSR in 1930s","authors":"A. Selivanova","doi":"10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the use of architecture as an instrument of propaganda and symbolic representation of the government doctrines, which achieved a particular acuteness during the interwar period in the USSR. The system of governing the art world by the state created in those years retained its influence during the following decades. That's why, after 80 years passed, it's so important to look into the mechanisms that made this process run. This paper aims to analyze social and political sources of major events in the 19201930s architecture based on archive and press studies. This material, unveiling the culture governing mechanisms in the prewar USSR, could contribute to better knowledge of the inner reasons of 1932 aesthetic and institutional reconstruction of architectural activity, and also of the 1937 All-Union architectural meeting's sense and goals. Keywords—soviet architecture; avant-garde; constructivism; functionalism; Art Deco; architectural styles; soviet history","PeriodicalId":320024,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2019)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127888391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cathedral of Tver According to the Architectural-archaeological Researches During 2012-2014: the Disputable Discovery of the Ancient Temple","authors":"A. Salimov","doi":"10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.27","url":null,"abstract":"The Cathedral of Transfiguration was built in Tver in 1285-1290. This event gave a start to the revival of stone building in Rus’ in the time of after Mongols’ invasion. That church was replaced with a new temple in the 17th century. It was demolished in 1935. Excavations held in 20122014 at the place of the destroyed in 1930-es cathedral complex gave to the researchers conducted these works arguments to say quite definitely that they succeeded in finding the temple of the late 13th century. But the doubtfulness of the suggested interpretation of the revealed architectural remains enables to state that at the place of the cathedral of the late 17th century the monument of the late 13th century does not exist. Its’ searching needs to be held outside of the excavation area of","PeriodicalId":320024,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2019)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125613866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for the Development of Low-rise Buildings in Conjunction with the Landscape","authors":"Z. Petrova","doi":"10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.57","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that due to the economic, environmental and aesthetic benefits, mass low-rise construction in all regions of Russia is one of the priorities of state policy. National wealth, including landscapes and waters, should be preserved and used. It is necessary to revive small and medium-sized cities, which carry the main genetic stock of the country's culture. Low-rise construction opens up broad prospects for socio-economic development by creating jobs, increasing the current level of environmental comfort, improving environmental performance, and relative cheapness compared to the construction of multi-storey buildings. The territories allocated for low-rise buildings are based on consideration of ecological-geographical, medicalhygienic, landscape-planning and historical-cultural factors. Low-rise buildings exert extensive loads on the natural complex and do not cause irreversible changes. Keywords—low-rise buildings; settlement system; landscapes; ecology; environmental comfort","PeriodicalId":320024,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2019)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130009375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Architectural and Spatial Organization of the Country Estate Complexes of the Kursk Region from the XVIII to the First Half of the XIX Centuries","authors":"E. Kholodova","doi":"10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.47","url":null,"abstract":"The study is based on the discovered archival and printed sources and the author’s field researches, which enable to more reasonably reconstruct the image structure of the lost nobility and merchants estates in the field of the reconstruction of their architectural and spatial organization in the border region of Russia. The basis of the research is the study of the topography and physical-geographical types of terrain characteristic of the Kursk region. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the author's expeditions aimed at identification of the signs of existence and a full-scale examination of a number of preserved manor complexes, which previously did not attract the proper attention of researchers. The identification of archival and printed sources that allow to more reasonably reconstruct the image and the material structure of the lost elements of nobility and merchants estates is of particular importance. The special significance of the complex research work is due to the opportunity to fill the gaps in the study of important pages in the history of national and regional Russian culture, which affected the formation of regional features of construction techniques and the images of architectural ensembles of the estates of the Kursk region. Keywords—Kursk region (guberniya, governorate); landscape; topography; relief; estates; composition; planning; gardens; parks; ponds; manor houses; churches; construction;","PeriodicalId":320024,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2019)","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132776098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of Catholic Altar Architecture on the Territory of Belarus During the 17th Century – the First Half of the 19th Century","authors":"Irena Radzevich","doi":"10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.14","url":null,"abstract":"The reasons influencing the formation of altars during the 17th century – the first half of the 19th century are figured out on the basis of the system conception. Predominant style schools of that time architecture supported by edited treatises and sketchbooks with engravings and reproductions of European artificers are determined on the assumption of disclosed and studied archival materials of architectural-artful altar development of Belarus during the 17th century – the first half of the 19th century is analyzed in this paper. The extent of different European architectural schools impact is determined. Architecture development tendencies depending on the material and belonging to a congregational or monastic temple are revealed. Possible variants of architecturalcompositional concept are simultaneously envisaged. Keywords—catholic altar; retable; catholic church; compositional schemes of altars; sacred art","PeriodicalId":320024,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2019)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115688332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enlightenment on the Spatial Characteristics, Interior Layout and Design of the Traditional Dwellings in the Dai Villages in Xishuangbanna","authors":"Zhao Xu, Jing Guo","doi":"10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/AHTI-19.2019.35","url":null,"abstract":"The Dai culture has a long history. The bamboo building is the original form of the Dai stilt style architecture. It has the original shape, simple structure and convenient construction. Conducting on-the-spot investigations on the Xishuangbanna Dai villages, exploring the remains of the traditional residences of the Yi villages, the types of buildings, the regional characteristics and the problems of the Yi people's residences, the authors briefly introduce the geographical environment and settlement space of the Yi villages, and focus on the spatial features and interior layout of traditional residences of the Dai villages. The results show that the Dai people's dwellings not only contain the material requirements of the Dai people's survival, life, production and aesthetics, but also the spiritual factors, beliefs, contexts and psychology formed by the national culture. Researchers need to analyze the regional characteristics, spatial characteristics and indoor layout of the Dai people's residences in an all-round way, and combine the pace of the times, develop and innovate, and explore the traditional residential design strategies and methods combining nationality and time. Keywords—architectural design; traditional residential; spatial characteristics; indoor layout; Dai village;","PeriodicalId":320024,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2019)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124280523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}