Animal Behavior and Cognition最新文献_第3页

In the Zone: Towards a Comparative Study of Flow State in Primates 在区域:对灵长类动物心流状态的比较研究

Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.26451/abc.10.01.04.2023

F. Clark

{"title":"In the Zone: Towards a Comparative Study of Flow State in Primates","authors":"F. Clark","doi":"10.26451/abc.10.01.04.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.10.01.04.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Flow is an altered state of feeling ‘in the zone’ when fully absorbed in a challenge and is associated with positive affective state (feelings). Despite almost five decades of research, Flow has not yet been recognized in non- human animals, despite repeated suggestions from animal researchers it could exist. Recent advancements in behavioral and neurophysiological indicators of experience in humans and animals make it more possible than ever to detect Flow in other species. In this article, I propose a framework for comparative Flow research on humans and great apes. I conserve the original nine-component definition of human Flow developed by Csikszentmihalyi and its three conditional components, but re-structure the six experiential components into three dimensions: Focus, Motivation, and Affect. I evaluate the evidence for each dimension and component in great apes, and how current human Flow methods may translate to great apes. If Flow state exists beyond our species, this has major implications. It would provide insight into the evolution of internally derived happiness and ignite more comparative research in the field of positive psychology. Second, knowledge of Flow or a Flow-like state in other species would inform the design of more effective enrichment and therefore promote higher captive animal welfare. I hope to spark new discussions among human positive psychologists, comparative psychologists, and animal cognition and welfare scientists, so that we may begin to conceptualize and recognize non-human Flow.","PeriodicalId":31700,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80125489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Preliminary Assessment of Siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus) Cognition Using Digital Cognition Testing Software and Touchscreen Technology 利用数字认知测试软件和触摸屏技术初步评估联指犀的认知能力

Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.26451/abc.10.01.02.2023

G. Munir, P. Nealen

{"title":"Preliminary Assessment of Siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus) Cognition Using Digital Cognition Testing Software and Touchscreen Technology","authors":"G. Munir, P. Nealen","doi":"10.26451/abc.10.01.02.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.10.01.02.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of nonhuman primate cognition have traditionally employed subjects from the monkey (Cercopithecoidea) and ape (Hominidae) lineages, with relatively much less examination of the phylogenetically intermediate gibbons (Hylobatidae). To begin to rectify this gap in our understanding of primate cognition, we used a short-term training and testing method to preliminarily evaluate siamang gibbon (Symphalangus syndactylus) performance on a battery of standardized cognitive tasks, using Monkey CANTAB cognition testing software (Lafayette-Campden Neuroscience) and a computer touchscreen apparatus. Five different operant tasks examining distinct perceptual and cognitive functions were used to train and test each subject over a period of five weeks. Over 1900 cognitive testing trials were completed with three subjects. Despite limited training and testing opportunity, all siamangs achieved proficiency scores well above chance (> 65%) in both Concurrent Discrimination and Spatial Working Memory tasks. Over the limited training opportunities available, our subjects did not achieve proficiency in Delayed Match-to-Sample, Paired Associates Learning, or Conditional Visual Discrimination tasks; however, subjects did exhibit (to varying degrees) improved performance in these tasks, suggesting that additional training may lead to higher proficiency and that siamangs demonstrate effective, task-based learning capabilities. We present one of the first successful tests of a hylobatid ape using touchscreen cognitive testing methods and demonstrate that hylobatids can be evaluated using the same methods now commonly employed in tests of other nonhuman primates. Further, our testing regime proved to be behaviorally rewarding for our subjects, suggesting that hylobatids may benefit from advanced forms of interactive cognitive enrichment.","PeriodicalId":31700,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89886107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Floral Categorization by Bumblebees: The Perceptual and the Functional 大黄蜂的花分类:知觉与功能

Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.26451/abc.09.03.05.2022

V. Xu, C. Plowright

{"title":"Floral Categorization by Bumblebees: The Perceptual and the Functional","authors":"V. Xu, C. Plowright","doi":"10.26451/abc.09.03.05.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.09.03.05.2022","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines generalization and perceptual similarity judgments in bumblebees (Bombus impatiens) and addresses whether category formation of floral stimuli is based upon perceptual floral features alone or foraging experiences from reward associations. Previous experiments have found that bees transfer learning based on category membership, but little is known as to how membership is formed. Two experiments using twelve bumblebee colonies examined a) if bees were able to generalize between flowers with little or no perceptual similarity, and b) if bees were able to change which features of the flowers they generalize under different circumstances. All bees were given discrimination training in a radial arm maze using objects and corresponding photographs. Bees in Experiment 1 were trained to categorize stimuli based upon their reward associations while ignoring their perceptual features. Bees in Experiment 2 were trained to categorize either by floral type or dimensionality (2D vs 3D) of the stimuli. Results of tests using unrewarding stimuli revealed that bees were unable to group items without perceptual similarity cues. When perceptually similar flowers did not share the same reward, bees still generalized between them, regardless of experience. However, the reward values of the flowers were not spontaneously disregarded by the bees. Generalizations differed based on the bee’s experiences, although preferences for perceptual similarity remained. Bees grouped flowers based on the relevant features learned through experience rather than just relying on perceptual similarity, but also do not immediately discount similar flowers during foraging, giving a preliminary insight into the role of function in perceptual similarity judgments.","PeriodicalId":31700,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80724523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Social Learning of Avoidance Behaviors: Trap Aversion in Captive Coyotes 回避行为的社会学习:圈养郊狼的陷阱厌恶

Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.26451/abc.09.03.06.2022

J. Young, J. Schultz, Buck Jolley, Nekol Basili, John P. Draper

{"title":"Social Learning of Avoidance Behaviors: Trap Aversion in Captive Coyotes","authors":"J. Young, J. Schultz, Buck Jolley, Nekol Basili, John P. Draper","doi":"10.26451/abc.09.03.06.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.09.03.06.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Social learning can help animals gain knowledge rapidly and may enhance survival. In species that are subjected to capture in foothold traps and then lethally removed, such as the coyote (Canis latrans), learning to avoid traps is critical to survival. Here, we tested social learning of trap avoidance behavior in three experimental scenarios with captive coyotes. In the first experiment, coyotes observed an unfamiliar coyote get captured in a foothold trap (i.e., demonstrator) or did not observe a demonstrator and were therefore naïve to traps. The coyotes that observed a demonstrator showed similar latencies to approach the trap and be captured as coyotes without a demonstrator. In the second experiment, coyotes observed their trap-naïve mate get captured in a foothold trap while housed together. These coyotes had longer latencies to approach the trap and be captured than their mates. In the third experiment, demonstrator coyotes were housed separately in an enclosure adjacent to two other enclosures – one housing their mate and one housing an unfamiliar coyote. Here, unfamiliar coyotes had longer latencies to approach the trap and get captured than the mates of the demonstrator coyotes. These results suggest that coyotes have limited ability to socially learn avoidance behavior, with familiarity and proximity of the demonstrator influencing the ability of coyotes to use social learning. Thus, the different results emerging from this study may reflect behaviors related to territoriality and pair-bonds.","PeriodicalId":31700,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85000382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Do Owners Know How Impulsive Their Dogs Are? 主人知道他们的狗有多冲动吗?

Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.26451/abc.09.03.02.2022

J. Stevens, Madeline Mathias, M. Herridge, Kylie Hughes-Duvall, London M. Wolff, McKenna Yohe

{"title":"Do Owners Know How Impulsive Their Dogs Are?","authors":"J. Stevens, Madeline Mathias, M. Herridge, Kylie Hughes-Duvall, London M. Wolff, McKenna Yohe","doi":"10.26451/abc.09.03.02.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.09.03.02.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Impulsivity is an important behavioral trait in dogs that affects many aspects of their relationship with humans. But how well do owners know their dog’s levels of impulsivity? Two studies have investigated how owner perceptions of their dog’s impulsivity correlate with the distance traveled in a spatial impulsivity task requiring choices between smaller, closer vs. larger, more distant food treats (Brady et al., 2018; Mongillo et al., 2019). However, these studies have demonstrated mixed results. The current project aimed to replicate these studies by correlating owner responses to the Dog Impulsivity Assessment Survey (DIAS) and the dog’s maximum distance traveled in a spatial impulsivity task. We found that neither the DIAS overall score nor its three subcomponent scores correlated with dogs’ distance traveled. This result replicates Mongillo et al.’s lack of a relationship but does not replicate Brady et al.’s effect, questioning the generalizability of owner reports of dog impulsivity. The lack of replication could result from differences in methodology and sample populations, but it raises intriguing questions about possible differences in dog characteristics and owner knowledge of their dogs across cultures.","PeriodicalId":31700,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79398602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Outgoing Editors’ Reflections 离任编辑的思考

Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.26451/abc.09.03.01.2022

J. Vonk, M. Beran

引用次数: 0

Discrimination of High- and Low-Threat Vocalizations: An Examination of Referential Communication in Black-Capped Chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) Mobbing Calls 高、低威胁鸣叫的区分:黑冠山雀(Poecile atricapillus)鸣叫中参照交际的研究

Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.26451/abc.09.03.04.2022

Jenna V. Congdon, Allison H. Hahn, Kimberly Campbell, E. Scully, Shannon K. Mischler, C. Montenegro, William D. Service, C. Sturdy

{"title":"Discrimination of High- and Low-Threat Vocalizations: An Examination of Referential Communication in Black-Capped Chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) Mobbing Calls","authors":"Jenna V. Congdon, Allison H. Hahn, Kimberly Campbell, E. Scully, Shannon K. Mischler, C. Montenegro, William D. Service, C. Sturdy","doi":"10.26451/abc.09.03.04.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.09.03.04.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Referential communication has been defined as the exchange of information regarding an object or event, but few studies have examined referential alarm calls in songbirds. In contrast, it has been well-supported that chickadees produce mobbing calls in response to predators that vary depending on the threat level posed, and the auditory brain areas of chickadees produce similar neural expression in response to predator calls and conspecific mobbing calls of the same threat level. This suggests that chickadees perceive these acoustically distinct vocalizations as similar, potentially as referent signals. In the current study, we trained 33 birds on an operant go/no-go discrimination task in which chickadees were presented with predator and mobbing calls of high- or low-threat. Following the first round of training, birds completed a second round with high- or low-threat calls and we predicted that birds would show transfer of training when contingencies (i.e., threat level regarding a species of predator) were the same between hetero- and conspecific vocalizations. However, high- and low-threat mobbing calls were not treated similarly to the corresponding predator’s calls. Our asymmetrical results may be due to the acoustic distinction between calls produced by two owl predator species, but we cannot make definitive conclusions about referential communication from this study. Nonetheless, we believe that this experiment was an important exploration of the perception of referential signal.","PeriodicalId":31700,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78472529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A Comparative Test of Creative Thinking in Preschool Children and Dolphins 学龄前儿童与海豚创造性思维的比较研究

Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.26451/abc.09.03.07.2022

Dawn K. Melzer, Deidre Yeater, M. Bradley, H. Hill, Gonzalo Guerra, Kimberly Salazar, Teri T. Bolton, K. Dudzinski

{"title":"A Comparative Test of Creative Thinking in Preschool Children and Dolphins","authors":"Dawn K. Melzer, Deidre Yeater, M. Bradley, H. Hill, Gonzalo Guerra, Kimberly Salazar, Teri T. Bolton, K. Dudzinski","doi":"10.26451/abc.09.03.07.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.09.03.07.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Creativity is considered one aspect of intelligence. Including creativity allows for more room for expression (e.g., participants can respond with movement instead of written or verbal responses) than in standard intelligence assessments. The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT; Torrance, 1974) are the leading method of assessing creative abilities in school-aged humans and above. To assess creativity in young humans and nonhuman animals, modifications must be made to facilitate nonverbal responses. In the current study, a cross-species comparison was conducted between preschoolers and bottlenose dolphins to examine responses to a modified creativity task in which both species were trained to demonstrate non-repeated behaviors to an “innovate” prompt. The resulting behaviors for the first test session were coded for fluency (number of non-repeated behaviors demonstrated), originality, and flexibility (low, moderate, or high activity level). Children and dolphins produced a similar number of non-repeated behaviors during individual test trials and also had similar originality scores. Related to flexibility, dolphins displayed more low energy activity levels compared to the children. Given the limited understanding of creative abilities in animals and young children, this comparison using a modified version of the TTCT offers exciting possibilities. These results could provide further evidence of similarities in cognitive processes for humans and nonhuman animals.","PeriodicalId":31700,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77209933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reward Type Affects Dogs' Performance in the Cylinder Task 奖励类型影响狗在圆柱体任务中的表现

Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.26451/abc.09.03.03.2022

Sarah Krichbaum, Lucia Lazarowski

{"title":"Reward Type Affects Dogs' Performance in the Cylinder Task","authors":"Sarah Krichbaum, Lucia Lazarowski","doi":"10.26451/abc.09.03.03.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.09.03.03.2022","url":null,"abstract":"The cylinder task, which requires detouring around an obstacle to retrieve a reward, is a popular method for assessing inhibitory control in dogs and other species. However, performance on the cylinder task has poor construct validity represented by its lack of correlations with other inhibitory control measures, ceiling effects, and influence of non-cognitive factors. In the current study we examined whether reward type affected dogs’ performance in the cylinder task. We compared working-line Labrador retrievers' (n = 38) performance on two conditions of the cylinder task, one with a treat and another with a ball reward, and found that dogs performed significantly better when a treat was used. Our secondary goal was to determine if how we defined a dog’s response changed interpretation of the results. We found better performance when a narrower definition of an inhibitory control failure was used. Further, under one condition of reward type and response definition, cylinder task performance was predicted by another measure of inhibitory control (Dog Impulsivity Assessment Scale scores). These findings are the first to show the effect of reward type on cylinder task performance as well as a relationship between the cylinder task and another measure of inhibitory control in dogs. We discuss these results in relation to previous findings on the effects of task features on cylinder task performance and its construct validity.","PeriodicalId":31700,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80264238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two Types of Withdraw-to-Eat Movement Related to Food Size in Long-Tailed Macaques (Macaca fascicularis): Insights into the Evolution of the Visual Control of Hand Shaping in Anthropoid Primates 长尾猕猴(Macaca fascularis)与食物大小相关的两种退食运动:类人猿灵长类动物手形视觉控制进化的见解

Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.26451/abc.09.02.02.2022

Laurie A. Hirsche, Camilla Cenni, J. Leca, I. Q. Wishaw

{"title":"Two Types of Withdraw-to-Eat Movement Related to Food Size in Long-Tailed Macaques (Macaca fascicularis): Insights into the Evolution of the Visual Control of Hand Shaping in Anthropoid Primates","authors":"Laurie A. Hirsche, Camilla Cenni, J. Leca, I. Q. Wishaw","doi":"10.26451/abc.09.02.02.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.09.02.02.2022","url":null,"abstract":"The details of the evolutionary steps in the transition from nonvisual guidance of hand movements for feeding, as displayed by many non-primate species, to visual guidance of hand movements in primates are sparse. Contemporary theory holds that a small-bodied stem primate evolved visual control of the reach to guide a hand to obtain small insects and fruit items from the terminal branches of trees. The subsequent evolution of the visual control of hand and finger shaping movements of the grasp of anthropoids is uncertain. The present study finds that Balinese long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), video recorded while spontaneously eating at the Sacred Monkey Forest Sanctuary in Ubud in Indonesia, displayed two types of hand movements associated with two types of withdraw movements to place food items in the mouth. Small food items were brought directly to the mouth with hand supination, often with no visual monitoring after grasping. Large food items that protruded from the hand were visually monitored to orient the food item on the initial part of the withdraw but visually disengaged with a head movement and often a blink before the item was placed in the mouth. The results are discussed in relation to the idea that visual information related to orientating food items of varying sizes to an appropriate position in the mouth contributed to the evolution of the visual control of hand shaping skills in anthropoid primates.","PeriodicalId":31700,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75236898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4