Journal of Mountain Area Research最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Study on The Community Structure and Density of Water Mites at Upper\u0000and Lower Reaches of Song River in District Dehradun, Uttarakhand","authors":"Neha Sharma, Rajesh Rayal, P. Bahuguna","doi":"10.51220/jmr.v18i1.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51220/jmr.v18i1.34","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the data on water mites collected from September 2020 to August 2021. During the study, a total of 32 species of water mites under 10 genera belonging to 6 families were identified from various spots of Song River. Of the total species, 27 species were found in the upper region and 19 species were collected from the lower region of the river with 14 species common in both the regions.","PeriodicalId":31687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mountain Area Research","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81087139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Antioxidant and Bioactive Component Analysis of Himalayan Spice Faran (Allium\u0000Stracheyi)","authors":"Anjali Gusain, Nisha Singh","doi":"10.51220/jmr.v18i1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51220/jmr.v18i1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a group of highly reactive molecules derived from oxygen metabolism, have been implicated in numerous health disorders. As a result, there has been growing interest in the potential of antioxidant-based drugs and natural antioxidants for treating complex diseases. This study aimed to assess the antioxidant potential of the Himalayan spice Faran (Allium Stracheyi) by determining the presence of phytochemicals such as phenols and flavonoids and evaluating its in vitro antioxidant activity using various assays. Chloroform, petroleum ether, and aqueous extracts of Allium Stracheyi leaves were tested using DPPH radical scavenging assays, ferric reducing antioxidant power, total antioxidant capacity and reducing power assay. The Chloroform extracts demonstrated significantly higher (p≤0.05) levels of phytochemicals and superior antioxidant activity compared to the other extracts. These findings suggest that Faran could be a promising candidate for developing nutraceuticals to treat diseases such as diabetes and cancer.","PeriodicalId":31687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mountain Area Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78794955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application Of Discrete Wavelet Transform In Medical Image Compression","authors":"Vidhi Goyal, Richa Saxena, Ashish Chaudhary, S. Bhatt, M. Uniyal","doi":"10.51220/jmr.v18i1.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51220/jmr.v18i1.28","url":null,"abstract":"Data compression techniques plays a vital role in the research area of digital image processing. It involves the processing of digital images with the combined assistance of computer and mathematics. In digital image processing, one can manipulate the images by pre-processing, image enhancement and display. Here we proposed a technique ‘Discrete Wavelet Transform’ (DWT) for the compression of medical images. The images that adopted for compression are medical images. Medical images needs a lot of space to maintain the medical records of a patient in a hospital. In the presented work here the DWT compression technique is applied to the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image of brain. The number of wavelets of DWT family is employed for this purpose. First the image under consideration is decomposed by the sub-band coding technique of DWT, and then applied the Embedded Zerotree Wavelet (EZW) encoding scheme. A comparative study is also done on all the resultant images in terms of Mean Square Error (MSE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Compression Ratio (CR) and Bits Per Pixel (BPP). In the presented study, Haar wavelet gives the better compression of MRI image. All the processing is done by well-known mathematical tool MATLAB.","PeriodicalId":31687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mountain Area Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78026091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulatory System of Columbicola columbae Linnaeus (Phthiraptera: Insecta:\u0000Ischnocera: Philopteridae) Infesting Blue Rock Pigeon (Columba livia Gmelin)","authors":"S. Singh, Surman Arya","doi":"10.51220/jmr.v18i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51220/jmr.v18i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Circulatory system of pigeon slender louse, Columbicola columbae (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) has been studied in greater details. In arthropodan insects, the circulatory system is typically open, with just one closed artery. The heart of C. columbae is a straightforward, elongated, and single-chambered organ. At its anterior, middle, and basal regions, it has three pairs of laterally positioned minute ostia. From the body wall to the heart, six sets of alariform muscles—three on the left and three on the right—extend in a fan-like pattern.","PeriodicalId":31687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mountain Area Research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77195152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GIS-BASED HIGH-RESOLUTION GEOLOGICAL MAP (SCALE 1:50,000): A NEW WINDOW INTO STRUCTURAL DOMAINS OF THE QUETTA AND SURROUNDING AREAS","authors":"Nisar Ahmed, Akhter Muhammad Kassi, A. Kasi, Khawar Sohail, Muhammad Asif, Abdul Naeem, M. Panezai","doi":"10.53874/jmar.v8i0.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53874/jmar.v8i0.146","url":null,"abstract":"The Quetta and surrounding areas are part of the collision zone between the Indian and Eurasian plates, named as Kirthar and Sulaiman Fold-Thrust belts. The collision is accommodated by folding, thrusting and the Nushki-Chaman Transform Fault System. Detailed high-resolution (scale 1:50,000) mapping and structural analyses were carried out using modern remote-sensing techniques of the ArcGIS to understand mutual relationships of the structural patterns and geometries, and the regional and local stress patterns in the study area. Fieldwork was carried out to acquire the stratigraphic, structural and geomorphological data, using topographic maps and satellite images as base maps in order to plot additional information and further incorporate them in the GIS-based map. Balanced structural cross-sections were also prepared along the selected lines using ArcGIS techniques. Based on new mapping, the understudy area has been subdivided into five distinct structural domains. These domains are classified as; Domain I: broad syncline intervened by a narrow anticline; Domain II: upright folds and thrusts; Domain III: tight, over-turned thrust zone; Domain IV: flysch and molasse successions of Paleocene-Holocene age; and Domain V: suture belt (ophiolites) and associated mélanges and sediments.","PeriodicalId":31687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mountain Area Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47505867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UBI-XGB: IDENTIFICATION OF UBIQUITIN PROTEINS USING MACHINE LEARNING MODEL","authors":"Sikandar Rahu, A. Ghulam, A. Farman, Dhani Bux Talpur, Mir Sajjad Hussain Talpur, Erum Saba, Z. A. Maher, Saima Tunio","doi":"10.53874/jmar.v8i0.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53874/jmar.v8i0.167","url":null,"abstract":"A recent line of research has focused on Ubiquitination, a pervasive and proteasome-mediated protein degradation that controls apoptosis and is crucial in the breakdown of proteins and the development of cell disorders, is a major factor.  The turnover of proteins and ubiquitination are two related processes. We predict ubiquitination sites; these attributes are lastly fed into the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) classifier. We develop reliable predictors computational tool using experimental identification of protein ubiquitination sites is typically labor- and time-intensive. First, we encoded protein sequence features into matrix data using Dipeptide Deviation from Expected Mean (DDE) features encoding techniques. We also proposed 2nd features extraction model named dipeptide composition (DPC) model. It is vital to develop reliable predictors since experimental identification of protein ubiquitination sites is typically labor- and time-intensive. In this paper, we proposed computational method as named Ubipro-XGBoost, a multi-view feature-based technique for predicting ubiquitination sites. Recent developments in proteomic technology have sparked renewed interest in the identification of ubiquitination sites in a number of human disorders, which have been studied experimentally and clinically.  When more experimentally verified ubiquitination sites appear, we developed a predictive algorithm that can locate lysine ubiquitination sites in large-scale proteome data. This paper introduces Ubipro-XGBoost, a machine learning method. Ubipro-XGBoost had an AUC (area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve) of 0.914% accuracy, 0.836% Sensitivity, 0.992% Specificity, and 0.839% MCC on a 5-fold cross validation based on DPC model, and 2nd 0.909% accuracy, 0.839% Sensitivity, 0.979% Specificity, and 0. 0.829% MCC on a 5-fold cross validation based on DDE model. The findings demonstrate that the suggested technique, Ubipro-XGBoost, outperforms conventional ubiquitination prediction methods and offers fresh advice for ubiquitination site identification.","PeriodicalId":31687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mountain Area Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43219713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IDENTIFYING MOLECULAR FUNCTIONS OF DYNEIN MOTOR PROTEINS USING EXTREME GRADIENT BOOSTING ALGORITHM WITH MACHINE LEARNING","authors":"A. Ghulam, Rahu Sikander, Dhani Bux Talpur, Erum Saba, Mir Sajjad Hussain Talpur, Z. A. Maher, Saima Tunio","doi":"10.53874/jmar.v8i0.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53874/jmar.v8i0.166","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of cytoplasmic proteins and vesicles move actively primarily to dynein motor proteins, which are the cause of muscle contraction. Moreover, identifying how dynein are used in cells will rely on structural knowledge. Cytoskeletal motor proteins have different molecular roles and structures, and they belong to three superfamilies of dynamin, actin and myosin. Loss of function of specific molecular motor proteins can be attributed to a number of human diseases, such as Charcot-Charcot-Dystrophy and kidney disease.  It is crucial to create a precise model to identify dynein motor proteins in order to aid scientists in understanding their molecular role and designing therapeutic targets based on their influence on human disease. Therefore, we develop an accurate and efficient computational methodology is highly desired, especially when using cutting-edge machine learning methods. In this article, we proposed a machine learning-based superfamily of cytoskeletal motor protein locations prediction method called extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). We get the initial feature set All by extraction the protein features from the sequence and evolutionary data of the amino acid residues named BLOUSM62. Through our successful eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), accuracy score 0.8676%, Precision score 0.8768%, Sensitivity score 0.760%, Specificity score 0.9752% and MCC score 0.7536%.  Our method has demonstrated substantial improvements in the performance of many of the evaluation parameters compared to other state-of-the-art methods. This study offers an effective model for the classification of dynein proteins and lays a foundation for further research to improve the efficiency of protein functional classification.","PeriodicalId":31687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mountain Area Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46521944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY POTENTIAL USING ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY SURVEY AND CHEMICAL GEOTHERMOMETERS: A STUDY OF THE MANGHOPIR HOT SPRING KARACHI, SINDH PAKISTAN","authors":"M. A. Jamali, Mhammad Hassan Agheem, R. A. Lashari, A. H. Markhand, A. Y. Arain, Hasib Ahmed, Wahid Bux Alias Zain","doi":"10.53874/jmar.v7i0.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53874/jmar.v7i0.162","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical resistivity survey and chemical geothermometers methods were used to find the geothermal gradient energy potential of the Manghopir hot spring which is located in Karachi, Sindh. Schlumberger electrode configurations were used to demarcate the two shallow potential subsurface aquifers. At various depths, three lithological units were encountered: alluvium, sandstone, and shale. The first thermal water aquifer lies below at the average depth of 10m and average thickness of 9 m lies in sandstone lithology of Nari Formation of Oligocene age. The second thermal water aquifer encountered at the average depth of 68 m and the average thickness of aquifer was 40.5m in sandstone lithology of Nari Formation. The surface water temperature was calculated with digital thermometer which shows the range in between 48 °C to 50 °C and subsurface temperature was calculated with the help of chemical geothermometers. The Na–K geothermometers indicate the subsurface equilibrium reservoir temperature in the range of 135.52 °C,125.54 °C, 172.964 °C and 184.08°C and the Na-K-Ca chemical geothermometers indicate the subsurface reservoir temperature 148.493°C. The Na-K-Ca geothermometers show a high temperature, but the reservoir temperature appears to be lower due to the mixing of sea water with the chemical composition of hot spring water within the subsurface aquifers.","PeriodicalId":31687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mountain Area Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44925421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF DURABILITY AND STRENGTH OF SANDSTONE AND SHALE OF UNITED MINERAL COAL COMPANY SOR-RANGE, BALOCHISTAN","authors":"Tufail Ahmed, Syed Hafeez Ur Rehman, F. A. Ibupoto, Asif Abbas, S. Ullah, Abbas Hussain, Shehzad Usman","doi":"10.53874/jmar.v7i0.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53874/jmar.v7i0.143","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Mining operations deal mainly with hard and soft rocks with different mechanical properties and varying strengths. The aim of the slake durability test is to present an index related to degradation resistance of rock when exposed to standard cycles of wetting and drying. Research in geology and rock mechanics is done to explain the influence of the rock index properties in determining the strength, durability and pulse velocity of the rock. This paper enlightens the prediction of the rock’s behavior and nature of the degradation of rocks The index values obtained for sandstone are varying from 97.36 to 99.04% and for shale it ranges from 10.21 to 14.06%. The slake durability index test for sandstone sample indicates that it is high durable and the shale indicates very low durability. The average value of uniaxial compressive strength was calculated to be 83.144 MPa. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":31687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mountain Area Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42348168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A STUDY OF LONG-TERM SUNSPOTS AND K-INDEX GEOMETRIC CYCLES USING PROBABILISTIC MODELING","authors":"Danish Hassan, Hamza Khan, M. F. Akhter, Muhammad Danish Khan, Shaheen Abbas","doi":"10.53874/jmar.v7i0.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53874/jmar.v7i0.141","url":null,"abstract":"The research work done in this paper comprises the application of different well-known probability distribution models. This includes the understanding of the behavior and dynamics of 24 sunspot cycles with total data. The time-series data sets were selected from 1749 to 2014. To observe the solar activity effects on K-index activity the double cycles from 1932 to 2014 were also incorporated in the study. The comparative study is useful to observe the long-term solar-terrestrial connection. The magnetic field of the sun reverses its polarity after every 11 years of the cycle. So after every 22 years, the north pole becomes again north pole. By using the two well-known tests Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KST) and Anderson-Darling test (ADT) the probability distribution models were obtained for each sunspot cycles and compare. The significant probability models for all the sunspot cycles have been obtained. The fitted probability distribution models on selected data sets may be useful to understand the trend of solar and geomagnetic activity.","PeriodicalId":31687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mountain Area Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42673001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}