Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia最新文献_第2页

Effectiveness of Nano Chitosan and Nano Silica to Suppress the Growth of Fusarium oxysporum, the Cause of Twisting Disease on Shallot 纳米壳聚糖和纳米二氧化硅抑制葱扭曲病病原菌 Fusarium oxysporum 生长的效果

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.6.265-275

Hersanti, Nisrina Febrianti, L. Djaya

{"title":"Effectiveness of Nano Chitosan and Nano Silica to Suppress the Growth of Fusarium oxysporum, the Cause of Twisting Disease on Shallot","authors":"Hersanti, Nisrina Febrianti, L. Djaya","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.6.265-275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.6.265-275","url":null,"abstract":"Penyakit moler karena cendawan Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae merupakan penyakit utama pada bawang merah. Alternatif pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan ialah penggunaan kitosan dan silika berukuran nano. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan kitosan nano dan silika nano secara tunggal maupun campurannya untuk menekan perkembangan F. oxysporum secara in vitro dan in vivo, serta menentukan konsentrasi yang efektif. Uji in vitro disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap pada medium uji ADK, sedangkan uji in vivo dilakukan pada bawang merah yang ditanam pada pot plastik yang disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok. Perlakuan yang diuji ialah kitosan nano tunggal (50, 100, dan 200 ppm), silika nano tunggal (50, 100, dan 200 ppm), campuran kitosan nano 50 ppm + silika nano 50 ppm, campuran kitosan nano 100 ppm + silika nano 100 ppm, kontrol, dan fungisida berbahan aktif mankozeb 80% dengan konsentrasi 200 ppm, masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil percobaan didapatkan bahwa dibandingkan dengan kontrol, semua perlakuan mampu menekan pertumbuhan koloni F. oxysporum dan menekan perkembangan penyakit moler pada tanaman bawang merah. Aplikasi kitosan nano tunggal konsentrasi 100 ppm, dan campuran kitosan nano 100 ppm + silika nano 100 ppm menghasilkan penghambatan koloni F. oxysporum tertinggi, yaitu sebesar 85.2% dan 81.3%, serupa dengan aplikasi fungisida mankozeb (83.5%). Campuran kitosan nano 100 ppm dan silika nano 100 ppm efektif menekan perkembangan penyakit moler bawang merah dengan penekanan sebesar 56.3%, setara dengan fungisida mankozeb yang penekanannya 50.5%.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139172898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antifungal Activity of Leaf Extract of Alchornea cordifolia Against Aspergillus flavus the causal Agent of Yam Tuber Rot 胡枝子叶提取物对山药块茎腐烂病病原菌黄曲霉的抗真菌活性

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.6.253-264

D. Enyiukwu, A. C. Amadioha, I. Bassey

{"title":"Antifungal Activity of Leaf Extract of Alchornea cordifolia Against Aspergillus flavus the causal Agent of Yam Tuber Rot","authors":"D. Enyiukwu, A. C. Amadioha, I. Bassey","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.6.253-264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.6.253-264","url":null,"abstract":"Rots and mycotoxin contamination of agro-produce are prevalent in tropical world. Aspergillus flavus is a major mycotoxigenic rot contaminant of tubers in Abia state, Nigeria. Consumption of mycotoxin contaminated foodstuffs accounts for 25% of medically important human diseases in Nigeria. The objective of this study was to assess antifungal activity of Alchornea cordifolia against A. flavus a mycotoxigenic rot pathogen of stored tuber produce both in vitro and in vivo. Isolates were made from rotted yam tubers and pathogenicity test carried out to confirm A. flavus as pathogen. Five concentrations (100-500 mg mL-1) of methanol leaf extracts of the plant and thiophanate-methyl–a standard fungicide–were evaluated against the growth of the fungus in culture and pathogen-induced rot development and spread in vivo. The experiment was made up of 7 treatments and 3 replicates laid out in CRD. The plant leaf extract demonstrated varying levels of inhibition of A. flavus in vitro and rot development and spread in living tissues of yam. About 56.38%–68.22% and 67.245–80.01% inhibition was recorded by 100 mg mL-1 and 500 mg mL-1 of A. cordifolia extract for spore germination respectively whereas the same concentrations reduced rot development from 60% in the control experiment to 21.80% and 12.10% respectively which compared favorably (P<0.05) with standard fungicide, thiophanate-methyl. The plant demonstrated strong antifungal activity in vitro and minimized A. flavus induced rot advancement in living yam tissues.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138602133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antifungal and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Kaffir Citrus Fruit Peel Extract Against Important Pathogens of Citrus Plants 卡菲尔柑橘果皮提取物精油对柑橘类植物重要病原体的抗真菌和抗菌活性

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.6.246-252

Unun Triasih Unun Triasih, Imro’ah Ikarini, Sri Widyaningsih, R. C. Wicaksono

{"title":"Antifungal and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Kaffir Citrus Fruit Peel Extract Against Important Pathogens of Citrus Plants","authors":"Unun Triasih Unun Triasih, Imro’ah Ikarini, Sri Widyaningsih, R. C. Wicaksono","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.6.246-252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.6.246-252","url":null,"abstract":"Penyakit utama tanaman jeruk yang disebabkan oleh cendawan dan bakteri dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman sehingga berdampak terhadap penurunan produksi tanaman. Pengendalian yang diterapkan selama ini kebanyakan menggunakan pestisida kimia sintetis yang berpotensi memberi dampak negatif pada lingkungan dan kesehatan. Minyak atsiri dari kulit buah jeruk purut (Citrus hystric) mempunyai kandungan senyawa yang berpotensi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan patogen pada tanaman jeruk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antifungal dan antibakteri minyak atsiri kulit buah jeruk purut pada lima konsentrasi 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, dan 5% terhadap patogen tanaman jeruk, yaitu Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, dan Xanthomonas axonopodis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua konsentrasi minyak atsiri yang diujikan mempunyai daya hambat kategori rendah terhadap F. oxysporum, dan kategori sedang terhadap C. gloeosporioides. Pengujian terhadap X. axonopodis menunjukkan daya hambat kategori kuat untuk konsentrasi 3% dan 5%. Minyak atsiri kulit buah jeruk purut berpotensi sebagai antifungal dan antibakteri pada tanaman jeruk dan dapat digunakan sebagai teknologi alternatif pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan dan aman.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139200986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathogenicity of Botryodiplodia theobromae on Sandalwood Stems and Its in Vitro Inhibition by Trichoderma spp. Botryodiplodia theobromae 在檀香树茎上的致病性及其在体外对毛霉菌属的抑制作用

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.6.238-245

Sane Wolagole, Agnes Virginia Simamora, M. V. Hahuly

引用次数: 0

Morphometric Analysis of Chili Leaves with Yellow Curly Symptom Using Digital Image Processing Approach and Data Mining Algorithm 利用数字图像处理方法和数据挖掘算法对有黄色卷曲症状的辣椒叶进行形态计量分析

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.6.231-237

Asmar Hasan, Muhammad Taufik, L. O. S. Bande, Andi Khaeruni, Rahayu Mallarangeng, Gusnawaty HS, Asniah, Syair, Abdul Rahman

{"title":"Morphometric Analysis of Chili Leaves with Yellow Curly Symptom Using Digital Image Processing Approach and Data Mining Algorithm","authors":"Asmar Hasan, Muhammad Taufik, L. O. S. Bande, Andi Khaeruni, Rahayu Mallarangeng, Gusnawaty HS, Asniah, Syair, Abdul Rahman","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.6.231-237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.6.231-237","url":null,"abstract":"Gejala kuning keriting pada daun cabai umumnya disebabkan oleh infeksi Begomovirus. Daun tanaman terinfeksi tidak hanya mengalami perubahan warna sebagai indikator rusaknya klorofil tetapi juga mengalami perubahan morfologi bentuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguantifikasi gejala infeksi Begomovirus berdasarkan perubahan morfologi bentuk daun menggunakan pengolahan citra digital dan algoritma data mining yang akan memudahkan dalam pemantauan dan analisis perkembangan penyakit tanaman. Total 33 citra daun cabai rawit bergejala kuning keriting maupun tidak bergejala menjadi dataset penelitian ini. Citra daun cabai tersebut diolah dan diekstrak karakteristik bentuknya berupa circularity, aspect ratio, roundness, dan solidity menggunakan aplikasi Fiji-ImageJ. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji beda (uji-t), pengelompokan citra menggunakan algoritma Simple K-Means, dan evaluasi ketepatan hasil pengelompokan berdasarkan indeks ARI dan NMI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum ada perbedaan bentuk yang nyata antara daun bergejala dengan daun tidak bergejala. Daun cabai rawit bergejala kuning keriting memiliki rata-rata nilai aspect ratio dan solidity yang lebih kecil dibandingkan daun cabai tidak bergejala, sebaliknya memiliki rata-rata nilai circularity dan roundness yang lebih besar dibandingkan daun cabai tidak bergejala. Evaluasi ketepatan pengelompokan sampel daun cabai rawit bergejala maupun tidak bergejala berdasarkan indeks ARI dan NMI menghasilkan nilai terbaik untuk pengelompokkan ke dalam dua kelompok.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139226665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cover Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 19 No. 5, September 2023 封面 Jurnal Fitopatologi 第 19 卷第 5 期，2023 年 9 月

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.5.i

Editors Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia

引用次数: 0

Composition of Functional Bacteria on Suppressive and Conducive Soil for Fusarium Wilt on Chilli (Capsicum annum) 辣椒枯萎病抑制和有利土壤中功能菌的组成

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.5.215-229

None Khansa Amara, None Giyanto, None WIDODO, None I Made Sudiana

{"title":"Composition of Functional Bacteria on Suppressive and Conducive Soil for Fusarium Wilt on Chilli (Capsicum annum)","authors":"None Khansa Amara, None Giyanto, None WIDODO, None I Made Sudiana","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.5.215-229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.5.215-229","url":null,"abstract":"Fenomena tanah supresif telah banyak dikaji sebagai metode pengendalian penyakit tanaman alami di lapangan dan dicirikan dengan banyaknya sejumlah mikrob fungsional yang mampu menekan populasi patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dan membandingkan komposisi bakteri fungsional pada tanah supresif dan kondusif layu fusarium. Metode penelitian terdiri atas pengambilan sampel tanah di lapangan, isolasi bakteri fungsional dari sampel tanah supresif (TS) dan kondusif (TK), penghitungan populasi dan jenis bakteri, penapisan berdasarkan keamanan hayati, dan karakterisasi bakteri fungsional dalam menekan Fusarium oxysporum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi bakteri pada TS lebih tinggi dibandingkan TK, khususnya bakteri toleran panas dan Pseudomonas kelompok fluorescent. Hal ini didukung dengan tingginya nilai keanekaragaman bakteri fungsional pada TS (H’ 3.70 > 3) dibandingkan TK yang tergolong sedang (1 < H’ 2.07 < 3), dengan sebaran bakteri fungsional tergolong hampir merata dan tidak ditemukan adanya dominansi jenis tertentu pada TS maupun TK. Persentase bakteri nonpatogenik pada TS lebih tinggi dibandingkan TK, masing-masing 51% dan 23%. Bakteri tersebut berpotensi sebagai plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) dengan memproduksi IAA atau melarutkan fosfat saja, masing-masing 24% dan 10% pada TS, sedangkan pada TK masing-masing 14% dan 29%. Hanya bakteri yang berasal dari tanah supresif yang mampu memproduksi IAA sekaligus melarutkan fosfat dengan persentase sebanyak 48%.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Etiology of Anthracnose Disease on Shallots Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides 青葱炭疽病菌的病原学研究

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.5.206-214

Rizki Abi Amrullah, Suryo Wiyono, Awang Maharijaya, Agus Purwito

引用次数: 0

Detection and Practical Differentiation of Phytoplasmas from Several Host Plants Using PCR-RFLP 利用PCR-RFLP技术检测几种寄主植物的植物原体并进行实用分化

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.5.188-195

Kikin Mutaqin, Purnama Hidayat, Budi Tjahjono, Yayi Munara Kusumah, Rusmilah Suseno

{"title":"Detection and Practical Differentiation of Phytoplasmas from Several Host Plants Using PCR-RFLP","authors":"Kikin Mutaqin, Purnama Hidayat, Budi Tjahjono, Yayi Munara Kusumah, Rusmilah Suseno","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.5.188-195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.5.188-195","url":null,"abstract":"Phytoplasma as a phytopathogenic prokaryote with a wide host range is a pathogen that needs more attention in Indonesia. This pathogen is relatively difficult to detect and identify due to its complicated biological properties. This study involved detection of phytoplasmas by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique with P1/P7 primers from seven symptomatic plants, i.e. Bermuda grass white leaf, bamboo yellows, witches’ broom of peanut, soybean, yard long bean, and cactus, and sweet potato little leaf. The phytoplasma DNA of the 16S rRNA gene resulting from PCR amplification was examined by digestion reaction using three endonuclease enzymes AluI, RSaI, and MSeI to generate restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) profile. The seven diseased plants were confirmed positive to be associated with phytoplasma as indicated by the PCR product of 1800 bp. Based on the RFLP profiles of the three enzymes, the phytoplasmas were divided into two groups, namely group I (Bermuda grass and bamboo) and group II (peanuts, soybeans, yard long beans, cactus, and sweet potatoes). Cactus phytoplasma is a sub-group (strain) because it has a slightly different fragment of MSeI RFLP profile.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135814865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of Low Temperature and Antiviral for Elimination of Chrysanthemum stunt viroid and Its Effect on the Growth of Shoot Tip Culture of Chrysanthemum 低温和抗病毒技术对菊苗类病毒的去除及其对菊茎尖培养苗生长的影响

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.5.196-205

Erniawati Diningsih, Safani Aryantika, Indijarto Budi Rahardjo, Wakiah Nuryani, None Hanudin, Ifa Manzila

{"title":"Application of Low Temperature and Antiviral for Elimination of Chrysanthemum stunt viroid and Its Effect on the Growth of Shoot Tip Culture of Chrysanthemum","authors":"Erniawati Diningsih, Safani Aryantika, Indijarto Budi Rahardjo, Wakiah Nuryani, None Hanudin, Ifa Manzila","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.5.196-205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.5.196-205","url":null,"abstract":"Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) telah banyak dilaporkan menjadi salah satu faktor pembatas dalam usaha produksi bunga potong krisan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan suhu rendah (5 ℃) dan antiviral ribavirin terhadap pertumbuhan dan pembebasan CSVd pada planlet krisan yang dikultur dari ujung tunas. Tanaman terinfeksi CSVd diperoleh dari kebun percobaan milik pemerintah di Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap, yaitu 1) pengambilan sampel tanaman, 2) deteksi viroid dengan metode RT-PCR, 3) inisiasi eksplan dan perbanyakkan bahan tanaman secara in vitro, 4) perlakuan suhu rendah 5 ℃ dengan tiga taraf waktu inkubasi (1, 3, dan 5 bulan), 5) perlakuan antiviral ribavirin dengan tiga taraf konsentrasi (25, 100, dan 125 ppm), dan 6) konfirmasi bahan tanaman bebas viroid dengan RT-PCR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyimpanan suhu rendah dan perlakuan ribavirin menurunkan laju pertambahan tinggi tunas dan jumlah daun. Sampai pada konsentrasi 125 ppm, walaupun menurunkan laju pertumbuhan tunas dan jumlah daun, ribavirin tidak menimbulkan toksisitas terhadap tanaman. Akan tetapi, kombinasi perlakuan suhu rendah (1, 3, dan 5 bulan) dengan ribavirin (25, 100, dan 125 ppm) belum mampu mengeliminasi CSVd dari jaringan pada semua taraf perlakuan.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0