European Polymer Journal最新文献

{"title":"Atomistic modeling of bond exchange reaction and self-healing mechanisms in epoxy vitrimers","authors":"Amin Kuhzadmohammadi,&nbsp;Ning Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epoxy-based vitrimers represent a promising class of covalent adaptable networks that offer a sustainable alternative to traditional thermosets by combining structural robustness with reprocessability and intrinsic self-healing. However, the molecular-level mechanisms underlying these dynamic functionalities remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we develop a large-scale molecular dynamics framework to model the curing and bond exchange processes in vitrimers synthesized from diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and 4-aminophenyl disulfide (4-AFD). A custom curing algorithm enables the construction of crosslinked networks with controlled crosslink densities (ρ_cl), allowing us to systematically evaluate the impact of network topology on mechanical and thermal properties. Our simulations reveal that increasing ρ_cl enhances the glass transition temperature, elastic modulus, and ultimate strength, due to reduced segmental mobility and a denser network structure. Crucially, we show that the incorporation of dynamic disulfide bonds enables thermally activated bond exchange reactions that effectively heal both nanovoids and preexisting cracks. The self-healed vitrimer recovers over 95% of its original mechanical performance, demonstrating the efficacy of network reconfiguration at the atomic scale. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the interplay between network architecture and vitrimer functionalities that are inaccessible by experiment alone. Our computational framework offers predictive capabilities for guiding material design and optimizing vitrimer performance for recyclable, reprocessable, and damage-tolerant polymer systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114273"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and investigation of benzidine − aniline and benzidine − o-anisidine copolymers with PANi like structure","authors":"Parandzem Minasyan ,&nbsp;Shushanna Vardanyan ,&nbsp;Narine Durgaryan ,&nbsp;Gevorg Grigoryan","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Copolymerization of benzidine with aniline and o-anisidine was performed via oxidative polymerization using ammonium persulfate in an organic medium. The composition of the resulting copolymers was analyzed by proton magnetic resonance (PMR) spectroscopy for initial benzidine-to-o-anisidine molar ratios of 1:0.5, 1:1, and 1:2. The study demonstrates that the physicochemical properties of the copolymers—including ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption characteristics, solubility, thermal stability, electrical conductivity, and morphology—can be tuned by adjusting the ratio of quinonediimine to substituted structural units within the polyaniline (PANi)-like chains. The copolymers exhibited high thermal stability, retaining 66–72 % of their weight up to 600 °C. When doped with hydrochloric acid (HCl), their electrical conductivity was comparable to that of the parent homopolymers, polyaniline and polyanisidine. These findings suggest the potential of structural modulation to enhance the functional performance of PANi-based copolymers for advanced materials applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114249"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvent effect on secondary structures of discrete, isotactic, oligourethane motif – towards engineering protein-like features in abiotic polymers","authors":"Maksymilian Szatko ,&nbsp;Rafał Konefał ,&nbsp;Sara Njoku ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Zwoliński ,&nbsp;Tadeusz Andruniów ,&nbsp;Róża Szweda","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sequence-defined and stereocontrolled polymers offer a platform for engineering synthetic macromolecules that can mimic the structural sophistication and folding behavior of natural proteins. Among them, oligourethanes represent a promising class due to their synthetic accessibility, tunable stereochemistry, and potential for intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Here, we report a comprehensive study of solvent-dependent folding of the isotactic oligourethane backbone, revealing how medium polarity and hydrogen-bonding interactions dictate the formation and stability of defined secondary structures. Using a combined approach of molecular dynamics and NMR spectroscopy, we identified two distinct helical motifs: the compact, hydrogen-bond-rich 2.6₁₄ helix and the less stable, solvent-exposed 4₂₂ helix. Our findings demonstrate that nonpolar aprotic environments uniquely stabilize the 2.6₁₄ helix, while polar and protic solvents disrupt its hydrogen-bonding network. This work highlights the critical role of the environment in shaping the conformational landscape of abiotic polyurethanes. It provides fundamental knowledge for designing protein-mimicking materials that could perform under non-physiological conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114262"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering poloxamer copolymers for in situ gelling systems: Structural, compositional, and functional modifications","authors":"Debayan Sil ,&nbsp;Manish Kumar ,&nbsp;Dinesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Vipin Saini ,&nbsp;Balak Das Kurmi ,&nbsp;Ravi Raj Pal ,&nbsp;Shruti Srivastava","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO), organized in PEO_X-PPO_Y-PEO_X configuration, constitute the family of amphiphilic triblock copolymers known as poloxamers, which serve as highly promising temperature-responsive <em>in situ</em> gelling platforms for effective drug delivery. Since poloxamer-based systems remain liquid at room temperature, they can potentially be administered with greater convenience. When exposed to increased temperatures, their unique thermoresponsive behavior induces micellar self-assembly, followed by sol-to-gel transition at physiological temperatures, enabling sustained drug release. However, the application of poloxamers for hydrogel systems has been primarily restricted by their insufficient mechanical properties and an interconnected aqueous structure, which accelerates gel erosion and drug diffusion. The nature, composition, and concentration of poloxamer copolymer serve among the most substantial functions in determining the degree of drug diffusion from the <em>in situ</em> gelling matrix. Focusing on prolonging drug release, enhancing residence time at the administration site, and inducing stimuli-responsive properties to poloxamer-based gels, numerous studies have explored modifying gel characteristics through physical blending or chemical crosslinking with additives, as well as chemical functionalization of poloxamers, depending on desired therapeutic application. This review explores<!--> <!-->the significant structural and compositional aspects of poloxamer copolymers,<!--> <!-->along with the<!--> <!-->strategic molecular modifications aimed at improving their physicochemical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114259"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure-oriented high-sensitivity pressure sensor: a cross-linked ionic poly(urea-urethane) with mechanical robustness, elasticity, and ionic liquid affinitation","authors":"Yue Yao ,&nbsp;Kexin Xu ,&nbsp;Jingyi Liu,&nbsp;Dongsheng Li,&nbsp;Baoxin Ni,&nbsp;Guangcheng Zhang,&nbsp;Xuetao Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary challenge in developing highly sensitive skin-inspired polymeric sensors with superior strength, toughness, and exceptional self-healing capabilities is the inherent brittleness of the polymer matrix, with the difficulty in constructing efficient charge transport pathways. This study proposed a new type of cross-linked ionic poly(urea-urethane) (PUU) synthesized by strategically incorporating ionic bonds into PUU matrix combining the dynamic cross-linking mechanisms of hindered urea bonds and hydrogen bonds. These materials use electrostatic interactions between the polymer network and ILs to form stable ion transport channels, effectively addressing the liquid leakage issue inherent in conventional ionogels. The synthesized PUU material exhibited outstanding mechanical properties, featuring tensile strength of 13.0 MPa and elongation at break of about 1270 %. More importantly, the PUU network displayed excellent ionic liquid affinity (contact angle of 48.5°) and high self-healing efficiency (80.8 % at 60 °C). Furthermore, flexible sensors constructed by incorporating ionic liquids (ILs) into PUU with special microstructures presented high sensitivity (−6.5 kPa⁻¹), rapid response time (48 ms), and moderate detection range (0.08–4 kPa), enabling precise monitoring of human activities. These multifunctional cross-linked PUU elastomers demonstrate significant potential for applications in robust self-healing materials as well as in resistive pressure sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114231"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA-inspired self-complementary architecture: Achieving stable decoupling of thermodynamic and optical properties in polyimides through orchestrated hydrogen bonding","authors":"Yulin Li ,&nbsp;Fen Zhao ,&nbsp;Jianqiao Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuxiang Lv ,&nbsp;Xueheng Chen ,&nbsp;Chunyan Yang ,&nbsp;Fu Li ,&nbsp;Guoli Tu","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>DNA achieves the most<!--> <!-->stable molecular recognition and information storage system in<!--> <!-->nature by<!--> <!-->integrating structural<!--> <!-->artistry with functionality. Inspired by this, we developed a<!--> <!-->biomimetic strategy based on azaindole-modified diamines to construct<!--> <!-->self-complementary<!--> <!-->hydrogen bond networks in polyimides. This approach transforms conventional donor–acceptor chain stacking into donor–donor configurations. The DNA base-pairing-like molecular design significantly reduced the cutoff wavelengths in<!--> <!-->polyimide (&gt;35 nm blue shift), while<!--> <!-->maintaining excellent thermodynamic stability (Td^5% &gt; 550 °C and CTE_50-350°C: 15.4–33.6 ppm·K⁻¹). The resulting materials exhibit exceptional electrical performance stability. The ketone-containing polyimide achieved outstanding breakdown strength (585.6 MV/m), while the ether-containing polyimide delivered high energy density (2.46 J/cm³ at 350 MV/m with 85 % efficiency). This “geometric blocking-dynamic reinforcement” mechanism enables<!--> <!-->stable property decoupling in<!--> <!-->polyimides, providing a practical design strategy for high-performance polyimide materials with simultaneously enhanced optical transparency and thermomechanical properties for flexible optoelectronic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114250"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel electroactive polymer actuators using all-polyelectrolyte poly(ionic liquid) ionogels","authors":"Kayla Foley ,&nbsp;Iwei Chu ,&nbsp;Keisha B. Walters","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly(ionic liquid)-based ionogels are excellent all-poly(electrolyte) candidates for electroactive actuation applications, but investigation of their actuation behavior and ionogel properties has largely been limited to styrenic block copolymers. In this work, ionogels were prepared from a novel poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) block copolymer, poly[(2-dimethyl amino)ethyl methacrylate)]-<em>block</em>-poly[4-vinylbenzyl-3-butyl imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide] (PDMAEMA-<em>b</em>-PVBBImTf₂N) combined with an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C₄C₁ImBF₄), at weight percentages between 0 to 40 wt%. Under a low applied voltage (4 V DC) microscale actuation was achieved for films prepared from the neat PDMAEMA-<em>b</em>-PVBBImTf₂N block copolymer, as well as its corresponding 10 wt% ionogel; this result critically expands the PIL block copolymer chemistries available for electroactive actuator applications. Thermal, ionic conductivity, morphology, and mechanical modulus properties of the PDMAEMA-<em>b</em>-PVBBImTf₂N ionogels were also assessed to evaluate their potential for electrochemical applications. Addition of the ionic liquid to form an ionogel significantly increased the thermal stability of the PDMAEMA polymer block and successfully plasticized the PDMAEMA-<em>b</em>-PVBBImTf₂N block copolymer ionogel, as evidenced by decreases in the glass transition temperature and significant enhancement of the ionic conductivity from ∼10⁻⁷ S/cm in the neat polymers to ∼10⁻⁴ S/cm in the 40 wt% ionogels. AFM force curve analyses using a Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov (DMT) model showed a reduction of Young’s modulus for the block copolymer matrix as a function of increasing ionic liquid content, and the PDMAEMA-rich phase exhibits a higher modulus, which serves to mechanically reinforce the PIL matrix. In combination the material properties and electrical responsiveness of these novel all-polyelectrolyte PDMAEMA-<em>b</em>-PVBBImTf₂N block copolymer ionogels show excellent potential for micro-scale electroactive actuation and other electrochemical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114256"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving anti-dripping and excellent flame retardancy in polylactic acid through a bio-based flame retardant/expandable graphite synergistic system","authors":"Yu Huang,&nbsp;Guoping Zhu,&nbsp;Jingjing Gao,&nbsp;Zhennan Wang,&nbsp;Yadong Wang,&nbsp;Zongmin Zhu,&nbsp;Xuebao Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a novel bio-based flame retardant, phenylaminosulfonic acid phytate (PSA), was designed and synthesized. Then expandable graphite (EG) was introduced to construct a synergistic flame-retardant system (PSA/EG). This system was subsequently introduced into a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix via melt blending, and a PLA composite (PLA/PSA/EG) with anti-dripping and excellent flame-retardant properties was successfully prepared. Through systematic optimization of the PSA/EG ratio, it was found that incorporating only 6 wt% of a hybrid flame retardant composed of 3.6 wt% PSA and 2.4 wt% EG enabled the PLA material to achieve the UL-94 V-0 rating, with the limiting oxygen index (LOI) increasing from 19.7 % to 29.1 %. Based on experimental results of cone calorimeter, compared with pure PLA, the total heat release (THR), peak heat release rate (pHRR), and carbon dioxide production (PCO₂P) of the PLA/PSA/EG composite were significantly reduced by 47.6 %, 43.8 %, and 50.3 %, respectively, illustrating outstanding flame-retardant performance. In addition, the thermal stability, crystallinity, and impact resistance of PLA had also been improved. This synergy provides new insights and strategies for the development of high-performance, environmentally friendly bio-based flame-retardant materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114260"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new p-cresol-bisphenol based hybrid polybenzoxazine composites for high-k dielectrics: The role of Palmyra sprout carbon activation","authors":"Poornesh Devaraj ,&nbsp;Sasikumar Ramachandran ,&nbsp;Nishanth Govindaraju ,&nbsp;Alagar Muthukaruppan","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new benzoxazine resin (PCBA-Bz) was synthesized from <em>p</em>-cresol-based bisphenol (PCB) using formaldehyde and aniline through Mannich condensation and it was polymerized (PCBA-PBz) alone, as well as copolymerized separately with dodecenylsuccinic anhydride (DSA) (PCBA-DSA-PBz) under thermal treatment. Concurrently, the Palmyra sprout was carbonized as such and activated by three different process, results in a non-activated bio-carbon (UC) and activated bio-carbons (AC) using phosphoric acid (AC_H3PO4), potassium hydroxide (AC_KOH), and sodium hydroxide (AC_NaOH), which were studied by BET surface area analysis, Raman and FTIR spectra, and were used as a reinforcement. BET studies indicate that the specific surface area of the activated carbons was higher than that of non-activated one. Influence of the prepared carbon reinforcements in the dielectric behaviour and thermal properties of the polybenzoxazine composites (PCBA-PBz-UC/AC1-9) were studied and compared to those of neat PCBA-PBz and hybrid PCBA-DSA-PBz matrices. The surface morphology and water repellency of the composites were also examined, the hybrid PCBA-DSA-PBz and its composites display a super hydrophobic behaviour having the values of water contact angle at above 150°. The AC_NaOH reinforced polybenzoxazine composites (PBz-AC_NaOH9) exhibits the highest value of dielectric constant of 17.16 with tangent loss value of 0.711 at 1 MHz.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114234"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A privileged molecular framework: Bifunctional benzoxazines from renewable chrysin for antimicrobial, low toxicity, molecular docking studies for sustainable multifaceted applications","authors":"Priyanka Madesh,&nbsp;Balaji Krishnasamy","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two series of bifunctional benzoxazines were synthesized using renewable chrysin as a precursor, incorporating both synthetic and bio-based amine sources. The synthesized benzoxazine monomers were structurally validated through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high resolution mass (HRMS) spectral analyses. The lowest polymerization temperature of 193 °C was observed in CH-pga and CH-ffa. The bio-based benzoxazines possessed lower polymerization temperature than synthetic amine substituted benzoxazines. In contrary, the thermal stability of the synthetic amine substituted polybenzoxazines was found to be greater than that of bio-based polybenzoxazines. Poly(CH-pga) showed highest thermal stability with a char yield of 39 % at 850 °C exhibiting highest theoretically calculated limiting oxygen index (LOI) and heat resistance index (HRI) values. CH-oda possessed highest antimicrobial activity of 55 % and 90 % bacterial growth inhibition against <em>S.aureus</em> and <em>E.coli</em> respectively. CH-oda showed least toxicity towards L929 cell line showing highest IC50 value of 171 µg/mL when compared to rest of the monomers. Poly(CH-oda) exhibited highest water contact angle of 143° and corrosion inhibition efficiency of 99.89 % which was further validated by density functional theory (DFT) studies. From the molecular docking, CH-a showed the best docking score and binding affinity to the epidermal growth factor receptor (eGFR) ascertaining the presence of higher anticancer activity. Also, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) parameters have been satisfied by all the benzoxazines showing drug likeliness. Therefore, from the current study experimental data suggests that bio-based benzoxazines possess better hydrophobicity, anticorrosion property, antimicrobial activity and low toxicity when compared to synthetic amine based benzoxazines. Whereas, both the series of benzoxazines exhibit good anticancer and drug likeliness property as per docking studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114261"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}