Neurophysiology and Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"COVID-19 and Dementia: A Review and Synthesis of Material on a Deadly Combination","authors":"Nasreen Basoudan, A. Tales","doi":"10.33805/2641-8991.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33805/2641-8991.126","url":null,"abstract":"Within modern history, the majority of the worldwide population has not experienced pandemic conditions, and not in recent history has a global pandemic occurred. Arguably therefore we were not prepared for, and did not anticipate, some of its effects, with emerging evidence indicating that this was particularly the case with respect to dementia care. The aim of this paper is to highlight some of the issues raised by COVID-19 surrounding dementia care, focusing on issues experienced both by individuals living with dementia and by those who provide their care. This is in response to the need to raise awareness of this issue and we do so by bringing this information together in order that it might inform policy for ongoing care post-virus and future outbreaks and lockdown situations. While there is a marked need to change the current tactics being used in the treatment and care of preexisting and longstanding illnesses, like dementia, there is also a need to take into account the safety procedures necessary to prevent potential exposure to COVID-19. Through the targeted exploration of these considerations, there is a hope that documentation of these actions can both facilitate current treatment and care efforts and approaches and provide a framework for future efforts, should another pandemic situation arise in the near future.","PeriodicalId":315780,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiology and Rehabilitation","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122624742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of Foundation Year Students at Oman College of Health Sciences","authors":"Suad Al Junaibi, Asma Nasser Al Yahya’ei, Aziza Nasser Al Rahbi, Bushra Abdullah Al Battashi, Iman Hamed Al Ghaithi, Kahwla Abdullah Al Raqadi, Maha Ahmed Al Hinai, Marwa Mohammed Al Farsi, Nawar Abdullah Al Suti, Sameera Said Al Mashari, Sara Said Al Sudairi","doi":"10.33805/2573.3877.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33805/2573.3877.139","url":null,"abstract":"Joining college for the first time might be a difficult experience for most students as the transitional stage from being a student of secondary school to one in a college can lead to problems in terms of adjusting to college life. There are multiple aspects that students need to adjust to in college life such as social, academic, lifestyle, institutional attachment, and personal-emotional aspects. \u0000\u0000The aim of this project was to identify the common adjustment issues among first-year students enrolled in the foundation program at the Oman College of Health Sciences (OCHS). To achieve the purpose of the project, a survey comprising 26 points and subdivided into four parts was designed using a Likert-type scale. A sample of 200 first-year students (mean age=19yrs.) at OCHS were randomly selected to be surveyed from total of 374 students. However, only 188 students participated in the survey: 48 males (25.5%), and 140 females (74.5%). The gathered data were entered and analyzed through the google forms service. The results showed lack of entertainment to be the main issue with first-year students followed by concerning economic problems, social and wellbeing issues. The findings indicated that Extracurricular Activities (ECAs) within and outside the college play an important role in the students’ academic performances and have positive effects on their lives. Such students will also be able to alter their behavior, improve their learning, develop their personality, and increase their teamwork and leadership skills.","PeriodicalId":315780,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiology and Rehabilitation","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131642088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinal Mobility with Concept of the Combination of Motion Spheres in the Body","authors":"H. Bando, M. Murakami, A. Moriyasu","doi":"10.33805/2641-8991.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33805/2641-8991.122","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the importance of physical rehabilitation has been more emphasized. The authors and colleagues have continued practice and research for long. Furthermore, we have given workshops for various subjects. The content included how to perform walking, jogging, and running associated with stretching, pole exercising, standing straight, leaning forward and others. How can person keep a good standing attitude at all times? Firstly, make the body relax without muscle tension. Secondly, make your back bone stretch straight. It is important to conduct the following three operations slowly in this order.","PeriodicalId":315780,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiology and Rehabilitation","volume":"280 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134435609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissociation of Measures of Topographical and \u0000Non-topographical Cognitive Ability in Older Adults","authors":"F. Previc, R. A. Ross, G. Siegel","doi":"10.33805/2641-8991.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33805/2641-8991.121","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between topographical and non-topographical cognitive measures was studied for 25 elderly participants. The topographical measures were the Camden Topographical Recognition Memory Test (CTRMT), a Topographical Mental Rotation Test (TMRT), and a Virtual Pond Maze (VPM). The non-topographical tests were the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Trail-Making Test-B (TMT-B), and a matching-to-sample Visual Short-Term Memory Test (VSMT). Only the correlation (0.48) between the TMT-B and the TMRT attained significance; the bivariate correlations among the three topographical measures were modest, ranging from 29 to 33, although they did correlate highly with a topographic composite score (0.69-0.78). A factor analysis yielded a further distinction between the topographical and non-topographical measures. Loadings for the three topographical measures on a presumed “topographical” factor ranged from 0.62 to 0.71 but only from 0.17 to 0.23 for the second factor. The MoCA and TMT-B loaded on both factors, while the VSMT measure loaded poorly (-0.03) on the topographical factor but highly (0.89) on the second factor. The results suggest that standard measures of cognitive function may not be optimal for specific assessment of topographical abilities, the best predictor of impending Alzheimer’s dementia.","PeriodicalId":315780,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiology and Rehabilitation","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134193912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double Hit Theory for the Development of Vascular Parkinsonism","authors":"H. Manosalva","doi":"10.33805/2641-8991.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33805/2641-8991.120","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Identify the non-decoded network in Vascular Parkinsonism (VasP). Objective: To determine what pattern of stroke lesions is responsible for VasP, as compared to those patients who had stroke, gait and balance problems, but absence of a hypokinetic rigid syndrome also called Vascular Pseudo Parkinsonism-V PSeuP. Materials and Methods: Design: prospective cohort study. Participants were consecutively screened for parkinsonian symptoms during a year as according to our previous study. Validated questionnaire (Tanner Questionnaire-TQ) was used, and a new scale operationalizing the criteria for VasP (FMAS score). All participants in the original study had a clinical exam to identify if presence of a hypokinetic rigid syndrome. Lesion patterns were analyzed. Setting: tertiary care stroke prevention clinic at the University of Alberta Hospital. Participants: Eligible participants attained a score of ≥ 4 on the TQ, high risk for parkinsonism. Four groups were considered: V PseuP, VasP (onset of parkinsonism within a year of the stroke -FMAS score of 4), Pseudo Vascular Parkinsonism-PseuVP (hypokinetic rigid syndrome not related to stroke), and Pseudo Vascular Pseudo Parkinsonism-PseuV PseuP (no stroke and no extrapyramidal syndrome), but with gait and balance problems. Baseline demographic information and clinical characteristics were recorded including vascular risk factors, and stroke subtype. All participants had a Holter, CT head and/or brain MRI, and CTA. Medications that produce drug-induced-parkinsonism were recorded for every participant. The primary outcome was to find the pattern of anatomical lesions particularly involved in the VasP subgroup considering the Basal Ganglia Motor Output Circuit-BGMO, the Thalamo Cortical Drive Loop-TCD and connections to frontal cortex. Results: 240 consecutive participants were screened during 12 months. We found 46 patients with potential Parkinsonism (TQ>4). VPseuP was found in 25/46 (54%), VasP in 8/46 (17%), PseuVP in 7/46 (15%), and PseuV PseuP in 6/46 (14%). VasP were older (p<0.0007) and had a higher risk for cardio embolism due to atrial fibrillation (p=0.02, odd ratio 6.6 CI 95% (1.2 – 35.2)). Neuro images showed that only the pattern involving the BGMO and frontal cortex was significantly associated to the group of VasP (X2 Fisher exact test p<0.0005 Odds ratio 32 CI 95% (9.6-108)); whereas the pattern TCD was not significantly different between the groups (X2 Fisher exact test p=0.828 Odds ratio 1.2 CI 95% (0.5-2.8)). Discussion and Conclusion: A two strategic location hit within the BGMO circuit and frontal cortex is required, so a phenotype of VasP may occur.","PeriodicalId":315780,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiology and Rehabilitation","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129808434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correcting the Anteroposterior Discrepancy of Class Ⅱ Patient with Overject by the Vertical Control of Miniscrew","authors":"Xiaolei Hu, Xiaomian Wu","doi":"10.33805/2572-6978.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33805/2572-6978.122","url":null,"abstract":"Background: While various orthodontic appliances were designed to manage the anteroposterior and vertical discrepancy, miniscrew was one of the powerful appliances and was widely utilized as anchorage to treatment the anteroposterior relationship. \u0000Method and Result: In the study we treated the severe Class Ⅱ skeletal discrepancy subject with protrude upper incisors and mandibular hypoplasia by the vertical control with the miniscrew. After two years treatment, all the objectives were achieved. The skeletal Class Ⅱ discrepancy was improved (ANB 6.3), the protrude upper incisors were treated (U1 angulation 92.8, U1-L1 120.7) and the occlusive plan was leveled (Occ Plane 8.2). Class Ⅰ molars and canines relationship were obtained. \u0000Conclusion: The vertical control was vital for the correction of anteroposterior discrepancy. The anteroposterior, vertical and transverse dimension and the time, especially the long term of post-treatment stability, interacts with each other.","PeriodicalId":315780,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiology and Rehabilitation","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124381476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Half Foot Training Footwear for Safer and Faster Running from Masters Athletes to Professional Athletes","authors":"M. Murakami, H. Bando","doi":"10.33805/2641-8991.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33805/2641-8991.117","url":null,"abstract":"The International Olympic Committee (IOC) session in 2013 had chosen Tokyo as the host city for the 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games (Tokyo 2020 Games). After that, the preparation organization for Tokyo 2020 Games was established and Japan Olympic Committee (JOC), Japan Paralympic Committee (JPC) and other committees have continued various activities [1]. Thus, further development of international friendship and sports promotion has been expected. It can give various beneficial influences for wide range of sports, medical, economic and social fields [2].","PeriodicalId":315780,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiology and Rehabilitation","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115153303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specialized Rural Pain Clinics: Lessons for a Small Country like Lebanon","authors":"F. Saleh, G. Mouhanna","doi":"10.33805/2641-8991.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33805/2641-8991.115","url":null,"abstract":"Background: People with chronic pain and who live in rural communities often lack access to pain specialists. They end up relying on primary care providers who may be less prepared to deal with their conditions. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to survey the existence of specialized pain clinics/services in rural Lebanon. It also aims at highlighting the importance of the existence of such clinics/services rurally. Method: A review of the literature about pain in Lebanon was conducted using PubMed, Medline, Google Scholars, and Research Gate. Another search was conducted using Google Maps to locate any specialized pain clinics in the rural areas. The Lebanese Society for Pain Medicine was also contacted for information about the distribution of specialized pain clinics/services in Lebanon. Results: Our results showed that the total number of pain clinics/services in Lebanon is ten. They are distributed as follows: Five in Greater Beirut including Metn (50%), one in North Lebanon (10%), two in South Lebanon (20%), one in Beqaa (10%), and one in Mount Lebanon (Chouf, Aley, Kesrouan/Jbeil) (10%). The majority (90%) of these services are hospital-based and are governed by the Anesthesia Departments. Moreover, a comprehensive palliative care approach towards pain management in terminally-ill cancer and non-cancer patients is still lacking nationwide. Conclusion and implications: Rural Lebanon is still significantly underserved as far as the existence of specialized pain clinics is concerned. This calls for a quick interference by the health officials considering the fact that a significant proportion of Lebanese people live in the rural areas. In parallel, the international approaches to palliative care for chronic pain should be adopted. Lastly, an alternative to out-of-pocket payment for the consultation fees and treatments should be taken into consideration","PeriodicalId":315780,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiology and Rehabilitation","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115555421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ROC Modelling Data of the Word Frequency Effect: A Formal Model of Visual Word Recognition","authors":"M. D. Rio, Agustín Wallace Ruiz, Maria Concepcion, Moreno Fernandez, Alvaro Pelegrina Fernández","doi":"10.33805/2641-8991.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33805/2641-8991.114","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a formal statistical model for assessing the word frequency effect in recognition memory. This topic is relevant because word frequency is the best predictor of performance in recognition memory tasks. Signal Detection Theory was applied using high-frequency and low-frequency words as item-signals. Signal Detection Theory test assumes orthogonality of responses: hits, false alarms, correct rejections, and incorrect rejections. Ninety-six adult male and female students participated in two experiments: one conducted in the laboratory and the other in the class-room. The selected words for memory contained 3 to 5 letters and 1 or 2 syllables to control for length. Significant differences were found between high-frequency and low-frequency words in the number of false alarms for the two experiments. The differences were statistically significant in two experiments. The Cohen effect size was 0.6 and 0.45 respectively. The word frequency effect in first- and second-experiments was F (1, 46) = 4.13, MCE. = 2.34, p = 0.003 and F (1, 46) = 3.71, MCE. = 12.36, p = 0. 01 respectively. A formal model is presented based on the Receiver Operating Characteristic data to assess data trends for high- and low frequency words. Two differentiated models were obtained: a continuous model based on high frequency stimuli and a threshold model based on low frequency stimuli.","PeriodicalId":315780,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiology and Rehabilitation","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124826425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of Guillain-Barré Syndrome","authors":"S. Esmail","doi":"10.33805/2641-8991.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33805/2641-8991.113","url":null,"abstract":"Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute, autoimmune polyradiculoneuropathy that carries great patient morbidity, and significant mortality, worldwide. The manifestations are highly heterogeneous at the clinical, electrophysiological and biochemical levels, which means that it is better to conceptualise GBS as a spectrum of disorders rather than a singular one. Despite the diverse range of presentations, the management of GBS is relatively stereotyped, albeit guided by the level of clinical severity. Treatment is largely restricted to general supportive measures, Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) and Plasma Exchange (PLEX), with no current role for oral or intravenous corticosteroids in clinical practice. Several validated prognostic-scoring systems, which can predict the probability of long-term residual disability, may assist in targeting intensive therapies to high-risk patient groups. The aim of this article is to provide a practical overview of GBS, with particular emphasis on the clinical presentation, investigation and management of this important spectrum of neurological conditions.","PeriodicalId":315780,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiology and Rehabilitation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126190608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}