InterCarto InterGIS最新文献

{"title":"Radar sensing of the sea surface using small spacecraft","authors":"Igor Kartsan, A. Zhukov","doi":"10.35595/2414-9179-2022-1-28-383-393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-1-28-383-393","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility of using a constellation of small spacecraft as receiving satellites, when “highlighting” the sea surface from existing (navigational, communication) or specially created spacecraft—to form a wide-area (about 1 000 km) radar survey zone at a given resolution (about 10 m)—is under consideration. Such a constellation could provide operational monitoring of fast-moving atmospheric cyclones, measuring directly the parameters of storm waves (altitude and orbital velocity)—which would replace the existing constellation of microwave scatterometers, providing operational monitoring of the World Ocean surface in the 3 H (H—altitude of the satellite’s orbit) field of view with a resolution of about 10 km—but with calibration of the received images by wind speed and direction, which leads to huge errors when trying to introduce altitude calibration in the Small spacecraft have many advantages over large satellites. For example, they are relatively inexpensive to build, take minimal time from design to launch, are easily modified to solve a specific problem, and create less radio interference. The approach under consideration consists in redistribution of tasks to be solved between the constellation of satellites in orbit. High orbiting navigation satellites, for example, can be used as transmitter carriers (of the illumination of the surface) that use the necessary broadband signal with acceptable periodicity. Receivers of reflected signals are placed on board small spacecraft, and at formation of wide-band radar image of sea surface with necessary resolution ∼10 m (that only on order exceeds acceptable on small spacecraft size of receiving antennas)—in flight direction is necessary to use synthesized aperture of receiving antenna. This work has the character of “staged” research.","PeriodicalId":31498,"journal":{"name":"InterCarto InterGIS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69898322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atlas cancer mapping abroad","authors":"T. Kotova, S. Malkhazova","doi":"10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-244-260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-244-260","url":null,"abstract":"To assess the state and prospects for the development of cancer mapping in Russia, country and world experience in the preparation of cartographic works on cancer topics is useful. For this purpose, an attempt was made to trace the development of cancer mapping on the example of foreign atlas works and some publications on their review. National (Australian Cancer Atlas, Taiwan cancer map, Canadian Cancer Incidence Atlas, etc.) and world (The Cancer Atlas, Global burden of cancer women, Global Atlas of Palliative Care at the End of Life, etc.) atlases are presented. They deserve attention in terms of promoting the content and methodological side of cancer mapping, as well as expanding their functionality. The review of atlases reflects the diversity of approaches to their development, the differences in the indicators used, and the prevailing trends in the presentation of results for solving the problems facing medicine and society. The concept of “burden” is the basis of the concept of a significant part of the atlases. It covers various aspects of the manifestation of cancer (from medical to socio-economic) and is displayed in atlases, depending on their purpose, with varying degrees of completeness. From studying the spatio-temporal spread of cancer, atlas studies are moving on to building and testing hypotheses about the factors and determinants of cancer on the basis of a variety of synergies of natural, social, economic, environmental, behavioral and other features.","PeriodicalId":31498,"journal":{"name":"InterCarto InterGIS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69898484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of large investment projects in the Northern sea route coastal territory in the context of climate changes","authors":"S. Badina, A. Pankratov","doi":"10.35595/2414-9179-2022-1-28-91-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-1-28-91-104","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an analysis of the prospects for infrastructure support for large investment projects in the mining industry on the coastal territory of the Northern Sea Route (those projects that should provide its cargo base in the long term). A value estimate was made for the transport infrastructure, which should appear before 2030. Its total value, according to calculations, is about 0.5 trillion rubles in 2021 prices. Of these, about 370 billion rubles related to the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, and 160 billion rubles—to the Krasnoyarsk krai. The following key infrastructure projects were analyzed: the construction of the “Utrenny” liquefied natural gas and stable gas condensate terminal in the Sabetta seaport, the construction of the Northern Latitudinal Railway, the construction of the Bovanenkovo-Sabetta railway, the construction of oil and coal terminals in the seaport Dixon, reconstruction of the Tiksi and Pevek seaports. The results obtained are necessary for predicting damages from natural hazards caused by climate change. The study analyzed the key trends in the construction industry, the dynamics of investments in fixed assets and fixed assets (primarily by the type of activity “Transportation and storage”) in the territory of the key region that forms the cargo base of the Northern Sea Route—the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The analysis showed that the intensive dynamics characteristic of the fixed assets of the territory under consideration does not allow forecasting potential damage from climate change based on current data, but requires an assessment of the fixed assets value by the middle of the 21st century.","PeriodicalId":31498,"journal":{"name":"InterCarto InterGIS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69898694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"About the use of cartographic materials for the identification of small rural settlements in documents of the XVI century when performing historical research","authors":"Anton Krassowski","doi":"10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-395-413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-395-413","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of using cartographic materials of the Russian state of the XVII–XVIII centuries to identify small rural settlements in the scribal books of the XVI century when performing historical research currently being conducted. The work is carried out on the example of objects (settlements and landholdings) located on the territory of the Ruzsky District of the Moscow province in the XVI–XVIII centuries. For the epoch preceding the use of cartographic materials, tools based on the use of information provided exclusively in text form are identified and classified, using which it is possible to identify objects, information about which is contained in documents. With their use, the identification of the selected set of objects for conducting research was performed. The possibility and expediency of using cartographic materials of the XVII and XVIII centuries providing information in graphic form in addition to them is shown in a practical way, and the opportunities that open up in this case are also demonstrated. The estimates made showed that due to the use of cartographic materials of the Russian state of the XVII–XVIII centuries, it is possible to achieve an increase in the number of successful cases of identification of small rural settlements in the scribal books of the XVI century by 16 %. The set of information about small rural settlements formed during the implementation of these research can be used later to research the cycles of degradation and development of the territory of the Ruzsky District of the Moscow province, which replaced each other due to the influence of various circumstances that took place in the history of Russia during the XVI–XVIII centuries, to research changes in the names of objects over time and, ultimately, to research the reflection of the life of Russian society in documents and cartographic materials.","PeriodicalId":31498,"journal":{"name":"InterCarto InterGIS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69899186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of territorial peculiarities of cropland abandonment process in Kirov Province","authors":"Daniil Kovbashin, A. Sonyushkin","doi":"10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-746-760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-746-760","url":null,"abstract":"In the last two decades in most regions of the country there has been a restoration of abandoned lands during the crisis of the 1990s. and higher yields due to a significant increase in state support for the agricultural sector and structural changes such as the emergence of agricultural holdings. As a result of modern reforms, Russia has become a leading player in the foreign food market. However, these positive developments take place against the background of a process of deepening regional differences in the productivity of the agricultural sector. The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of the dynamics of the withdrawal from circulation of sown areas in the Kirov province during the crisis of the 1990s. and post-crisis period 2000–2020. The analysis of spatio-temporal dynamics of the withdrawal from circulation and restoration of croplands was carried out by remote sensing methods for three agro-climatic zones and the main types of soils in the Kirov province. The main resource of the region is soddy-podzolic soils, which accounted for more than 77 % of the cropland in 1990 and about 70 % in 2020. The reduction in the area of cropland with this type of soil reached 90 % in the northern and 80 % in the central and southern zones, regardless of their differences in heat supply. Crisis period 1990–2000 characterized by the highest rate of withdrawal of agricultural land from circulation. In the post-crisis period, the reduction in sown areas only continued. Against this background, there is an extremely slight recovery of cropland (about 5 % of the 1990 level). There are natural differences in the restoration of sown areas in agro-climatic zones and by soil types, but they are poorly reflected in the overall negative dynamics of cropland, due to the low agro-climatic potential of the entire Kirov province.","PeriodicalId":31498,"journal":{"name":"InterCarto InterGIS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69899501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agroforestry assessment of protective forest stands using remote data and geoinformation technologies","authors":"A. Koshelev, M. Shatrovskaya","doi":"10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-871-884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-871-884","url":null,"abstract":"At present, it is not economically feasible to use ground methods for inventorying forest plantations, since the scale and relevance of this process have increased significantly, which requires promptness in solving problems of recognizing protective forest belts from aero and space images and deciphering them. From this it follows that in order to draw up recommendations on forest reclamation measures aimed at increasing the durability of forest plantations, it is necessary to use the available remote sensing data and modern GIS technologies when examining protective forest plantations. The use of modern technologies will allow for a more qualitative assessment of the state of forest plantations in the Volgograd region. The use of the free desktop geographic information system QGIS in research demonstrates a number of possibilities, in particular, deciphering the current state and conducting digital inventory mapping of protective forest plantations based on GIS technologies and aerospace methods. Subsequently, the obtained data will be applied in the development of methods and principles that are scientifically substantiated and aimed at the rational use of resources and the regulation of anthropogenic impacts on the agroforest landscapes of the region. The study was carried out in the southern part of the Ilovlinsky District of the Volgograd region, located in the subzone of chestnut soils on the Kachalino test site. As a result of the study, the use of QGIS made it possible to decipher protective forest plantations in order to determine their spatial distribution, quantity, species and structural composition. On the laid out sites, the main reference schemes of rock mixing were compiled and key signs of protective forest belts were identified during interpretation. The mapping of the forest fund was carried out on the basis of data obtained in the course of visual and instrumental interpretation. The results obtained will become the basis for the development of a regional agroforestry reclamation geoinformation system necessary for updating existing forest maps, monitoring the state of forest plantations and planning various forest management activities aimed at the effective management of the agroforestry fund of the Volgograd region.","PeriodicalId":31498,"journal":{"name":"InterCarto InterGIS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69899523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The concept and some results of the development of an operational assessment tool, relief changes in landslide-prone, prone to collapse and beaches","authors":"V. Dolotov, A. Dolotov","doi":"10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-632-643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-632-643","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the concept of building a specialized geoinformation tool designed for automated execution of a number of operations related to the implementation of calculations to assess changes in the relief of individual sections of the coastal zone of the sea. The tool is used for monitoring areas with low stability, prone to landslide and landslide processes, as well as beaches with a quantitative assessment of their spatially distributed volume changes. The initial data for calculations are arrays generated by the program for processing aerial photographs obtained with drones in photogrammetry mode. The algorithmic basis of the tool is the well-known geoinformation tool named Cut & Fill, used in conjunction with a database on the location and geometry of a large number of sections of the western coast of Crimea. The sequence of operations involves sampling from two or more arrays of points according to a given spatial location, performing vertical alignment with use the number of ground control points, performing interpolation into a regular grid of the size accepted for each section, calculations and presenting the results in tabular and graphical form. All the results obtained are saved for reuse and, in addition, their graphical analysis for spatial and vertical alignment is possible. It is also possible to build vertical sections on any row or column of a regular grid. Practical testing of the instrument was performed for three surveys of a landslide-prone area in the area of Tolstoy Cape a year before the catastrophic landslide on 18.01.2019, immediately after the event and in 2021 as a result of monitoring program. The operational assessment showed that all operations for performing calculations on two grids were performed within one hour after the survey with detailed and reliable results.","PeriodicalId":31498,"journal":{"name":"InterCarto InterGIS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69899707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School atlas mapping for education for sustainable development: topic “Global water resources”","authors":"T. Nokelaynen","doi":"10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-680-690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-680-690","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is to help students develop knowledge, skills and values that will enable them to make local and global decisions to improve the quality of life without posing an environmental threat to the future of the planet. At present, there is an abundance of public statistical information related to sustainable development. Many digital platforms and open-source software offer tools to create your own maps and diagrams. However, in order to use it for educational purposes, it is necessary to provide at least basic training on statistical data systematization and visualization for high school students. In addition, it is important to develop manuals and guidelines to help students identify the most suitable data for their tasks. The inclusion of new plots and topics in the content of the traditional educational geographic atlas is an optimal and one of the most promising approaches to integrating the ideas of sustainable development into school education. The main result of the conducted research—is the inclusion in the content of the school atlas “Economic and Social Geography of the World. Natural resources. Population. Economics” of new cartographic plots on the topic of conservation of the global water resources. The following World maps have been developed—“Water resources availability” (1:160,000,000); “Water scarcity” (1:250,000,000); “Surface water resources” (1:160,000,000); “Pollution of the hydrosphere” (1:160,000,000); “Global marine mineral and energy resources” (1:160,000,000); “Global marine biological resources” (1:160,000,000). School atlas maps, created from the standpoint of sustainable development, help to develop understanding of global issues in students and to build their motivation for finding new solutions.","PeriodicalId":31498,"journal":{"name":"InterCarto InterGIS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69899870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmanned aerial survey in the summer season of the 67th Russian antarctic expedition","authors":"I. Florinsky","doi":"10.35595/2414-9179-2022-1-28-284-304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-1-28-284-304","url":null,"abstract":"The use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) in glaciology and cryology, as well as studying and monitoring of polar regions is one of the most rapidly developing areas of the unmanned aerial industry. An aerial photogeodetic team of the 67th Russian Antarctic Expedition (RAE) solved two main interrelated tasks: 1) field tests of the newest Russian UAS Geoscan 701 in Antarctic conditions and 2) carrying out unmanned aerial surveys of two Antarctic territories, characterized by fundamentally different natural conditions, in order to obtain their high-precision orthomosaics and digital elevation models (DEMs) of an ultra-high resolution. On 15 January 2022, we carried out an unmanned aerial survey of two adjacent Antarctic maritime oases Molodezhny and Vecherny and surrounding areas of the glacier (Enderby Land, East Antarctica). From 26 January to 16 February 2022, we performed an unmanned aerial survey of the Fildes Peninsula (the southwestern, free of ice cover portion of the King George Island, South Shetland Islands, West Antarctica). The survey was complicated by severe meteorological conditions (low clouds, fog, strong winds, and precipitation). Field tests of UAS Geoscan 701 have shown that the system can be successfully used for unmanned aerial survey in polar regions. After in-office photogrammetric processing of the obtained materials, orthomosaics and DEMs of the indicated territories will be obtained with a resolution of 10 and 25 cm, respectively. These will be used for creation of modern large-scale topographic maps, photographic maps, three-dimensional and geomorphometric modeling of these territories, as well as operational and scientific activities of the RAE.","PeriodicalId":31498,"journal":{"name":"InterCarto InterGIS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69898127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetation dynamics of the Norilsk industrial region under the influence of aerotechnogenic and natural factors","authors":"V. Kravtsova, O. Zheleznyy","doi":"10.35595/2414-9179-2022-1-28-325-345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-1-28-325-345","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the transformation of vegetation, degraded over vast areas due to industrial air pollution from the Norilsk metallurgical combine. To assess the current state of ecosystems, we employed a vegetation map that was compiled using median composites of summer imagery 2015–2021 from the Sentinel 2B satellite. The field data collected by a team of geographers from Moscow State University in 2021 was also considered. The analysis of the transformation of vegetation during the operation of the mining and smelting plant is based on a comparison of the vegetation map with the materials of field studies of the same team in 1997 and the vegetation classification based on Landsat images from 1995, taking into account earlier materials such as topographic maps of 1960 and 1977, and forest pathological surveys of the 1980s. For comparison with less detailed materials of previous years, the 2015–2021 map was transformed: similar mosaics of contours were identified on it. This provided the basis for identifying areas with a similar character of vegetation disturbance caused by industrial air pollution. Such areas were then combined into exposure profiles, which allowed us to analyze the transformation of vegetation at different distances and directions from the plant—in accordance with the prevalent winds. The successive replacement of dead forests by shrub and dwarf shrub tundra, degraded dwarf shrub tundra, and technogenic grassy and stony wastelands, as recorded by the 2015–2021 map, was revealed. The substitution series manifest themselves differently in various directions from the combine. Grassy and stony wastelands on sites of dead forests are common within a range from 3 km to the northeast to 10–15 km to the northwest and west and up to 25 km to the southeast of Norilsk. The development of vegetation observed during modern climate warming varies in different replacement zones of dead forests.","PeriodicalId":31498,"journal":{"name":"InterCarto InterGIS","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69898192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}