Socio最新文献

{"title":"Olivier Milhaud, Séparer et punir. Une géographie des prisons françaises, Paris, CNRS Éditions, 2017, 320 p.","authors":"A. Bourdin","doi":"10.4000/socio.10731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/socio.10731","url":null,"abstract":"Selon le decoupage traditionnel des disciplines, la geographie devrait s’occuper de la repartition des prisons sur le territoire, l’architecture de leur organisation spatiale et l’ethnologie ou la psychologie de la proximite ou de l’intimite. Olivier Milhaud s’affranchit de ces frontieres. Il ne produit pas une « geographie » mais une analyse de la prison a partir de toutes ses dimensions spatiales, du macro au micro, de l’institutionnel au personnel. On pourrait presque dire : une enquete sp...","PeriodicalId":31312,"journal":{"name":"Socio","volume":"1 1","pages":"133-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43783417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L’incarcération dans la Rome antique","authors":"Y. Rivière","doi":"10.4000/socio.10411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/socio.10411","url":null,"abstract":"Le mot « prison » applique aux realites carcerales de l’Antiquite romaine est trompeur, voire anachronique. Lieu d’execution (par abandon ou strangulation) a l’origine, le cachot a toujours revetu ensuite une fonction preventive pour la detention de prevenus ou de condamnes dans l’attente d’une execution. En pleine epoque imperiale, les Actes des martyrs en temoignent a l’occasion des persecutions contre les chretiens. Par ailleurs les peines qui impliquaient un enfermement ou un enchainement etaient toujours associees a l’execution d’un travail (mines, carrieres, travaux forces…) qui renvoyait les condamnes d’origine libre au sort reserve aux esclaves, soit pour une duree determinee, soit a perpetuite.","PeriodicalId":31312,"journal":{"name":"Socio","volume":"1 1","pages":"19-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43247778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contre une vision diffusionniste de la « naissance de la prison »","authors":"Stephan Scheuzger","doi":"10.4000/socio.10506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/socio.10506","url":null,"abstract":"La prison moderne s’est imposee dans le monde durant le « long » xixe siecle comme l’institution punitive par excellence. L’article se penche en particulier sur la premiere moitie de cette periode et montre que les recits diffusionnistes qui sous-tendent jusqu’a nos jours la comprehension de ce processus de mondialisation ne rendent pas convenablement compte des evolutions transfrontalieres du systeme carceral. La transformation du systeme penitentiaire depuis la fin du xviiie siecle, que l’on connait sous le terme de « reforme des prisons », fut un processus multicentrique et continu difficilement assimilable a une propagation successive d’une region a l’autre recoupant la dichotomie entre « l’Occident et le reste du monde ». Cet article propose le concept analytique de cadre de reference global pour etudier les interactions mondiales de l’evolution du systeme carceral moderne.","PeriodicalId":31312,"journal":{"name":"Socio","volume":"1 1","pages":"55-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44688898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The charitable activities as the basis of the social work","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2218-2470-2020-9-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2218-2470-2020-9-04","url":null,"abstract":"The growth in the number of the country’s charitable organizations, transformation of one-time humanitarian actions (charity) into regular social work with veterans of the Russian-Ukrainian war (since 2014) and internally displaced persons from Donbas, the Autonomous Republic of Crimea have put on the agenda a study of the relationship between charitable activities and social work. The expansion of social work aimed at the elderly, which is often performed by the employees of territorial centers of social services beyond their job descriptions, also determines the relevance of this topic. The task of the study was to substantiate the place of charity in social work, based on the analysis of the activities of the Ukrainian charitable foundations, and employees of six territorial centers of social services in Kharkiv region. It was found that the All-Ukrainian social program “Home Care” of the International Charitable Foundation “Caritas Ukraine” represents social work with people who are not clients of territorial centers of social services. The Regional Landscape Park “Feldman Ecopark” (the flagship project of the International Charitable Foundation “Aleksandr Feldman Foundation”) is often used for social work, particularly with the elderly. It has been substantiated that the charitable activity of these foundations creates conditions for conducting systematic daily social work, in particular, with the elderly. The results of the expert survey of 16 social workers and 21 social workers of the territorial centers of social services of Bohodukhiv, Izium, Krasnokutsk, Lozova, Chuguiv, and Kharkiv districts of Kharkiv region show that charity occupies the leading place in their activities, creating conditions for social work. Charitable activities such as volunteering, social services of public/charitable organizations for the elderly are rightly regarded by experts as social work. The types of social work with the elderly in rural areas, carried out in spare time, such as helping in vegetable gardens, nature rides (in particular, to Feldman Ecopark), group communication on topical issues are referred by the experts to charitable activities. There is a partial overlapping of the subject areas of social work and charity, as well as a common goal – to help. Social workers and officials of the territorial centers of social services in Kharkiv region, performing daily social work with the elderly, often carry out charitable activities, too. It has been proved that charity helps to increase the efficiency of social work, solving many social problems of the territorial community.","PeriodicalId":31312,"journal":{"name":"Socio","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69001477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformation of labor relationships under the globalization influence: new problems of social policy","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2218-2470-2020-9-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2218-2470-2020-9-03","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines transformations of labor relationships under the influence of globalization in the context of tasks which consequently emerge in social policies. The introduction of new technologies into the production process and incorporation of countries into the unified economic space predetermine significant changes in the structure of the labor market, as well as in the basic principles of interaction between employers and employees. This results in transformations of labor and social biographies of the latter. General social effects of these transformations are analyzed, as well as their possible negative consequences that require regulation, such as job insecurity, increase in number of cases of forced labor mobility, intensification of social inequalities and alienation. The questions of welfare of wage workers in the following aspects are raised: professional (qualification, career growth, way of organizing the labor process), economic (ensuring a stable and adequate income), social (professional prestige, position in the system of inequalities and life chances), psychological (feeling of security, adaptation to the group of co-workers). Special attention is paid to the questions of formation of the sense of community in the context of labor relationships, as well as of transformation of the role of labor communities in person's social integration. The research results on the manifestations of the described transformations in the Ukrainian society are presented. Based on the estimates regarding further development of these changes, there were identified the key aspects of the efficient social policies, aimed at their compensation, such as ensuring equal access to professional education, possibilities of improvement or switching of professional skills, transformations of values and norms regarding labor relationships, as well as the questions of formation of trust and sense of community, of positive personal and group identification.","PeriodicalId":31312,"journal":{"name":"Socio","volume":"193 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69001432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precariat as a social class: the features of scientific discourse","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2218-2470-2020-9-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2218-2470-2020-9-09","url":null,"abstract":"This article identifies the features of the theoretical understanding of the precariat as a new social class. The work of world and domestic thinkers, such as G. Standing, U. Beck, Z. Bauman, I. Kononov, Zh. Toshchenko, is analyzed. The article defines the precariate, describes the causes of its occurrence, as well as the structure and characteristics. The danger of the precariate as a social class is that elites can use it to achieve their narrowly individual goals.","PeriodicalId":31312,"journal":{"name":"Socio","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69002039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The factors of loyalty of social service personnel","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2218-2470-2020-9-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2218-2470-2020-9-10","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the relevance of the problem under study; relying on the previously developed research base, as well as analyzing the results of various companies in the field of personnel policy. The paper focuses on the fact that for the sustainable development and functioning of the organization, it is not enough to have a high level of training and skills, since the loyalty of staff is not always correlated with the intellectual abilities or skill level of the organization's employees. Loyal staff is highly reliable, responsible and dedicated to their organization. This, in turn, reduces the likelihood of personnel risks (malfeasance, petty theft, property damage, intentional accidents, etc.). The basic definition of staff loyalty is considered, as well as the essence of the main two approaches: foreign and domestic, which in turn are divided into separate approaches. In the process of reviewing domestic approaches, we paid attention to the following authors: K. Harsky, T. N. Chistyakova, and N. V. Mosienko. among foreign approaches, we focused on such authors as: Howard Becker and Lyman porter. Based on the analysis of these approaches, the author's definition of staff loyalty is given. We analyze groups of factors that contribute to the formation and increase of staff loyalty: organizational and personal. The article focuses on the study of factors of loyalty of social service personnel. In order to study and structure the factors of loyalty of social service personnel, the author conducted a sociological study, the object of which was employees of the Kharkiv city center of social services for children, families and youth \"Trust\". 10 employees of this organization were interviewed using a semi-structured interview method. The age of the respondents is from 26 to 58 years, among them: 2 men and 8 women. All respondents have higher education or several higher education institutions.","PeriodicalId":31312,"journal":{"name":"Socio","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69002058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHANGES IN HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN A PANDEMIC (FOR THE RESULTS OF NARRATIVE EXPERT INTERVIEWS)","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2218-2470-2020-10-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2218-2470-2020-10-03","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to the analysis of the changes in HR management practices in Ukrainian enterprises during the pandemic. Introduction of the anti-epidemic restrictions has a large impact on market situation, and labor market in particular, creating a critical situation for enterprises. In such situation new challenges in HR management emerge, which, have being solved successfully, will allow mitigating the consequences of the pandemic for enterprises and workers. Since such conditions are completely novel, there is a lack of the systemic research of the factors that influence managerial decision-making. The article is aimed at the identification and analysis of the most significant challenges emerging in the area of HR management due to the epidemic hazard spread and the introduction of the anti-epidemic restrictions. The research is based on the results of the expert interview with different level managers of the private and state enterprises operating in the areas of education, science, IT, finance and service. Data reveal that the most problematic challenge was the transition to remote work leading to the technical, psychological, and methodical difficulties in the work performance. Moreover, the different level of availability of the remote work in different enterprises and areas conditions unequal influence made by the crisis on workers and the intensification of socioeconomic inequalities. Another important aspect is the informal relationships management and the integration of workers, since consolidated work groups appear more resistant toward the stress of the abrupt changes in working conditions. The situation of uncertainty regarding the future development of the pandemic and the introduction of anti-epidemic measures shortens the strategic planning perspective and bears high conflict potential, which will complicate labor market recession. It is suggested to use the presented results for the further detailed and systemic research of the influence made by the pandemic on the changes in HR management practices in the context of the global transformations of labor relationships.","PeriodicalId":31312,"journal":{"name":"Socio","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69000780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF CLUB OF ROME IN FORMING THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2218-2470-2020-10-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2218-2470-2020-10-06","url":null,"abstract":"Global problems and crises are the actual reality of our time. Their prevention, solution and reduction of their impact concerns not only the existing generation, but also the future one, due to the fact that everyone should have equal opportunities and rights to access resources. Considering the pace of development of various spheres, we see that humanity tends to deplete resources, so the idea arose to solve these problems by coordinated actions of the global community. These ideas underlie the Concept of Sustainable Development, which today is supported and implemented, especially by many states of the world. But these ideas developed even before the concept was created, in particular, within the framework of the activities of the Club of Rome. The purpose of this article is to reveal how the activities of the Club of Rome influenced the process of formation and development of the concept of sustainable development. Аor this, the methods of theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis of information were used. The activities of the Club of Rome began thanks to Aurelio Peccei (author of «Human Qualities»), who created a non-governmental organization that became world famous for a series of reports on the pressing and global problems of humankind. In particular, the 1972 study «The Limits to Growth» by D. and D. Meadows, who described models of the world in the future and a number of recommendations on how to avoid a catastrophic development of events. The publication had great resonance and was heavily criticized, but started a world-class discussion. In particular, the Club of Rome was involved in the discussion at the UN. So, the active work of the non-governmental organization Club of Rome not only started discussions about the global crisis, but also provided a solid theoretical and empirical basis for the development of the Concept of sustainable development. Club members took an active part in the development of sustainable development at a more local level in their regions. Thus, the organization has achieved its primary goal — to attract attention to the global problems and create an action plan to resolve them.","PeriodicalId":31312,"journal":{"name":"Socio","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69001224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of soft skills as a factor of improving the efficiency of social workers","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2218-2470-2020-9-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2218-2470-2020-9-07","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes soft skills as a group of \"soft\" over-professional skills that have a strong impact on the nature of the specialist's interaction with his environment. The importance of developing these qualities among social workers is emphasized. It is noted that the system of vocational training and training of future specialists does not provide for the formation of \"soft\" competencies. The authors see the development of soft skills of social workers as a management task. There are two areas of work with staff, which are focused on the development of soft skills. The first is an active supervisory experience as learning from the experience of others (working with a mentor). It is emphasized that such a supervision is a tool for the formation of \"soft\" qualities of specialists and prevents the occurrence of stressful conditions. The second is the development of staff by updating, replenishing and improving the knowledge, skills and abilities of specialists. The authors propose specific management methods in accordance with the allocated areas: 1) the elaboration of individual development plans for employees; 2) search and accounting of feedback; 3) the involvement of experienced employees in the supervision implementation; 4) rotation of personnel; 5) the creation of a moral and psychological climate in the team, which stimulates self-development and self-education of employees. The article concludes that it is difficult to evaluate the degree of development of over-professional skills. The need to develop soft skills among social workers as a condition for improving the quality of their services is proved. Promising areas of research on the problem are being identified: opportunities to modernize the training system and develop a management strategy to take into account the development of soft skills of employees; creating a methodology for assessing and measuring the level of development of the \"soft\" competences of social workers at different stages of their professional careers.","PeriodicalId":31312,"journal":{"name":"Socio","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69001957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}