B. Spinger, V. P. Danilov, A. Prokhorov, L. Schwan, D. Schmid
{"title":"Up conversion processes in yttrium-lithium-flouride crystals co-doped with erbium and ytterbium ions","authors":"B. Spinger, V. P. Danilov, A. Prokhorov, L. Schwan, D. Schmid","doi":"10.1117/12.475334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475334","url":null,"abstract":"We report on studies of the up-conversion process in YLiF4 single crystals co-doped with Er3+ and with Yb3+. Er3+ has a well known complicated energy level system within the 4f shell which gives rise to the up- conversion process. Yb3+ with a broad absorption band int eh regime 940 nm <EQ (lambda) <EQ 1000 nm essentially represents a two level system which absorbs IR light. It can transfer the absorbed energy resonantly to the Er3+ system thereby increasing the quantum efficiency of the up- conversion process considerably. We have performed steady state and time-resolved measurements of emission and absorption spectra as well as luminescence excitation spectra following either excitation with a light emitting diode, a laser diode or a pulsed dye laser. We have tried to trace some of the channels for energy transfer, relaxation and up-conversion and to optimize the system for an optimum up-conversion efficiency. At optimum conditions we can estimate quantum yields for up-conversion of RI to green light in the order of about 2.5 to 3 percent. Three-step up- conversion to UV emission is also observed. These observation suggest that YliF4 single crystal co-doped with Er3+ and with Yb3+ may be considered as suitable candidates for diode-laser-pumped displays and for solid state laser system int eh visible and near UV region.","PeriodicalId":312884,"journal":{"name":"Feofilov Symposium on Spectropscopy of Crystals Activated by Rare-Earth and Transition Metal Ions","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133977479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Cefalas, E. Sarantopoulou, Z. Kollia, R. Abdulsabirov, S. Korableva, A. Naumov, V. Semashko, S. Kobe, P. Mcguiness
{"title":"VUV spectroscopy of nominally pure and rare-earth ions doped LiCaAIF6 single crystals as promising materials for 157 nm photolithography","authors":"A. Cefalas, E. Sarantopoulou, Z. Kollia, R. Abdulsabirov, S. Korableva, A. Naumov, V. Semashko, S. Kobe, P. Mcguiness","doi":"10.1117/12.475332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475332","url":null,"abstract":"Recently it was found that birefringence is induced in CaF2 crystals when they are illuminated with laser light at 157 nm. Taking into consideration that CaF2 is the only optical material used in 157 nm photolithography today, the possibility to use new wide band gap fluoride crystals as optical elements for 157 nm photolithography, even those of non-cubic symmetry, should be considered. Additionally fluoride dielectric crystals with wide band gaps doped with trivalent rare-earth (RE) ions can be used as passive or active optical elements int eh VUV. For doped crystals, applications depend on the structure of the energy level pattern of the 4fn-15d electronic configuration and RE ion concentration. In this work we are exploiting the use of wide band gap fluoride dielectric crystals doped with RE ions. The laser induced fluorescence spectrum at 157 nm, and the absorption spectra of the LiCaAlF6 crystals, pure and doped with RE ions, were investigated in the VUV region of the spectrum. A new m4tehod for monitoring RE concentration in wide band gap fluoride crystals, that is based on vibrating sample magnetometer measurement is presented as well.","PeriodicalId":312884,"journal":{"name":"Feofilov Symposium on Spectropscopy of Crystals Activated by Rare-Earth and Transition Metal Ions","volume":"15 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132090680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Iovu, S. Shutov, A. Andriesh, E. Kamitsos, C. P. Varsamis, A. Seddon, D. Furniss, M. Popescu
{"title":"Spectroscopic studies of bulk AS2S3 glasses and amorphous films doped with Dy, Sm and Mn","authors":"M. Iovu, S. Shutov, A. Andriesh, E. Kamitsos, C. P. Varsamis, A. Seddon, D. Furniss, M. Popescu","doi":"10.1117/12.475321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475321","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of rare earth and transition metal luminescent impurities on the optical properties of As2S3 glass is studied in a wide spectral region. The Raman, IR, band- to-band and edge absorption spectroscopies are employed to obtain information about the incorporation of impurity ions in the host glass structure and the corresponding changes in intrinsic optical characteristics. The effects of light- soaking and thermal treatment on the doped As2S3 glasses were examined as well. In the fundamental absorption region a reflectivity maximum at 2.98 eV shows blue or red shift depending on the electro negativity of the impurity, in accordance with the corresponding variations of the glass structure. Near the edge absorption the impurity affects strongly the slope and the magnitude of the weak absorption tail. The observed effects of metal dopants on the As2S3 glass are discussed in connection with the expected behavior oft he impurities in the glass.","PeriodicalId":312884,"journal":{"name":"Feofilov Symposium on Spectropscopy of Crystals Activated by Rare-Earth and Transition Metal Ions","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126092113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Namozov, V. Vetrov, S. Muradov, R. I. Zakharchenya
{"title":"Electron excitation of Ce3+ in third group metal oxides","authors":"B. Namozov, V. Vetrov, S. Muradov, R. I. Zakharchenya","doi":"10.1117/12.475329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475329","url":null,"abstract":"Among rare-earth ions Ce3+ has the simplest electron configuration - 4f1. Its 4f-5d transitions have an energy of approximately 6.3 eV for a free ion and are quite allowed. Thus, the introduction of Ce3+ into the crystal with wide enough forbidden gap makes it possible to analyze the lattice environment influence on the excited state. During the present research the following results were obtained via spectral-kinetic investigations of the excited states of Ce3+ impurity in various third group metal oxides: (a) luminescence spectrum of Ce3+ has a doublet structure in all examined oxides. This happens due to the energy split of 2F5/2 and 2F7/2 terms of Ce3+ ground state by reason of spin-orbit interaction. (b) In Al2O3 a broad 5-component band corresponding to 4f-5d transitions is observed in the long- wave region of Ce3+ luminescence excitation spectrum. In the short-wave region of excitation spectrum, one can eliminate a non-structured band, which hypothetically consists of the exciton band and the charge transfer band, and as well as an outstanding narrow exciton-band. (c) In YAP bands of 4f-5d transitions are divided into two groups in excitation spectrum: 3-component in the region of 4-5 eV and 2-component in the region of 5-6 eV. (d) In YaG 4f-5d transitions appear as separate bands in excitation spectrum: 2.9, 3.9, 4.6, 5.6, 6.6 eV. Due to the closeness of the fundamental absorption edge in YAG, the band 6.6 eV is observable only at low temperatures. (e) At temperatures under 100 K the energy transfer form exciton to impurity is not detected for all the crystals.","PeriodicalId":312884,"journal":{"name":"Feofilov Symposium on Spectropscopy of Crystals Activated by Rare-Earth and Transition Metal Ions","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121595265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Orlovskii, T. Basiev, A. Papashvili, I. N. Vorob'ev, O. Alimov, V. Osiko, J. Heber
{"title":"Inhomogeneous broadening of the dynamically split Kramers spectral line and up-conversion in the pair and quartet centers in CaF2:Nd3+","authors":"Y. Orlovskii, T. Basiev, A. Papashvili, I. N. Vorob'ev, O. Alimov, V. Osiko, J. Heber","doi":"10.1117/12.475335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475335","url":null,"abstract":"The detailed site-selective and time-resolved fluorescence laser spectroscopy and kinetic measurements with high spectral and nanosecond temporal resolution were applied to analyze the M and N absorption bands at the 4I9/2(1) yields 4G5/2(1) crystal field (CF) transition in the CaF2:Nd3+ crystal at 4.2 K. It was found that at helium temperatures the dynamically split spectral line at the 4I9/2(1) yields 4G5/2(1) CF transition of coherently coupled Nd3+ ions in the pair M- and quartet N-centers is inhomogeneously broadened. Small variation of fluorescence lifetimes of the 4F3/2 and 4D3/2 levels due to small variation of distances between Nd3+ ions in the pairs was found. Approximately 1 percent variation of the Nd-Nd distance in the pair -center was determined form lifetime variation of the 4F3/2 manifold.","PeriodicalId":312884,"journal":{"name":"Feofilov Symposium on Spectropscopy of Crystals Activated by Rare-Earth and Transition Metal Ions","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124064722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Co:MgF2 laser for intracavity laser spectroscopy","authors":"M. Frolov, Y. Podmar’kov, N. A. Raspopov","doi":"10.1117/12.475325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475325","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics of the intracavity absorption was studied in a cw Co:MgF2 laser. The linear growth of the intracavity absorption was observed for the generation time values form 0 to at least 4 ms which corresponds to a 1200-km effective absorption path length.","PeriodicalId":312884,"journal":{"name":"Feofilov Symposium on Spectropscopy of Crystals Activated by Rare-Earth and Transition Metal Ions","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128642301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Eremin, S. Nikitin, N. Silkin, S. Prosvirnin, R. Yusupov
{"title":"Absorption spectrum of the mixed valence Cr3+-Cr2+ pair center in KZnF3 crystal","authors":"M. Eremin, S. Nikitin, N. Silkin, S. Prosvirnin, R. Yusupov","doi":"10.1117/12.475318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475318","url":null,"abstract":"Assignment of absorption lines of mixed valence Cr3+- Cr2+ pair center has been done by the analysis of the probabilities of exchange-induced electric-dipole transitions. Parameters of exchange interaction J1 equals 44.5 +/- 5 cm-1 and axial crystal field B02 equals -19.6 +/- 2 cm-1 for the excited state have been estimated from the fine structure of absorption spectra of the pair. Using microscopic theory of superexchange interaction for the ground and excited states of the pair the value of the transfer integral of eg-electron via the intermediate fluorine ion tvv equals 3500 cm-1 has been extracted.","PeriodicalId":312884,"journal":{"name":"Feofilov Symposium on Spectropscopy of Crystals Activated by Rare-Earth and Transition Metal Ions","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123758417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kalachev, V. A. Zuikov, V. Samartsev, A. Shegeda
{"title":"Optical superradiance in Van-Vleck paramagnets","authors":"A. Kalachev, V. A. Zuikov, V. Samartsev, A. Shegeda","doi":"10.1117/12.475339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475339","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes experimental investigations of two-color optical super-radiance (SR) in LaF3:Pr3+ crystal. Optical excitation was made on the transition 3P0- 3H4(0) at liquid helium temperature. When the power of the pumping 10ns-pulse was higher than a certain threshold, the resonant medium emitted an optical SR pulse on 3P0-3H4(0) transition with a duration of 8-10 ns in the direction of the pumping pulse delayed in time by 12-15 ns with respect to the pumping pulse. When the peak power of the pumping pulse increases up to 40 kW, an SR pulse was also observed for the 3P0-3H6(1) transition. The delay time of this pulse was about 30 ns. Thus, the two-color SR in the employed crystal was observed.","PeriodicalId":312884,"journal":{"name":"Feofilov Symposium on Spectropscopy of Crystals Activated by Rare-Earth and Transition Metal Ions","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132969581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Altshuler, A. L. Larionov, M. P. Rodionova, A. Stolov
{"title":"Quadrupolar susceptibility of LiTmF4 crystal and the nature of forbidden 3H6(Γ2)-3F2(Γ2) transition","authors":"N. Altshuler, A. L. Larionov, M. P. Rodionova, A. Stolov","doi":"10.1117/12.475348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475348","url":null,"abstract":"The narrow low intensity line with maximum at (lambda) -1 equals 15104 cm-1 and width (delta) equals 0.7 cm-1 at T equals 4.2 K have been detected in absorption spectrum of regular LiTmF4 crystal. The observed line belongs to transition form ground state 3H6((Gamma) 2) to lowest level (Gamma) 2 of 3F2 term of Tm3+(4f12) ion. The perturbation, which induces (Gamma) 2 - (Gamma) 2 transition, does not break S4 symmetry of Tm3+ sites. The perturbation of this kind is the interaction of Tm3+ 4f-electrons with electric field, created by quadrupolar moments of lattice ions, which are induced, int urn, by incident electromagnetic wave. To calculate the components of the quadrupolar moment tensors for ions in LiTmF4 single crystal, we have formulated and solved the system of self-consistent linear equations. We take into account interactions between all induced dipolar and quadrupolar moments and their interactions with electric fields of incident wave. The calculated transition probailities per second are in qualitative accordance with experimental data.","PeriodicalId":312884,"journal":{"name":"Feofilov Symposium on Spectropscopy of Crystals Activated by Rare-Earth and Transition Metal Ions","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132877913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vladimir V. Krivolapchuk, M. Mezdrogina, S. D. Raevskii, A. Skvortsov, S. Yusupova
{"title":"Absorption spectra of GaN:Er3+ crystals","authors":"Vladimir V. Krivolapchuk, M. Mezdrogina, S. D. Raevskii, A. Skvortsov, S. Yusupova","doi":"10.1117/12.475320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475320","url":null,"abstract":"We have studied the f-f absorption spectra of Er3+ in GaN crystal grown by gas phase epitaxy in chlorine system. A detailed study of 4I15/2 yields 2H11/2 transitions in the region 19000-19260 cm-1, has been carried out at 293, 77 and 2K. At T equals 2K the 4I15/2 yields 2H11/2 spectrum contains 6 lines in accordance with theoretical predictions for Er3+ in noncubic crystal field. The levels of 2H11/2 multiplet are situated at: 19041, 19049, 19074, 19108, 19191, 19246 cm-1. The number of lines observed at T equals 2K and its small width indicate that in our samples Er3+ ions occupy predominantly a unique position in GaN lattice. Most probably, Er3+ substitutes Ga atoms or enters in interstitial position.","PeriodicalId":312884,"journal":{"name":"Feofilov Symposium on Spectropscopy of Crystals Activated by Rare-Earth and Transition Metal Ions","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122188466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}