Environmental Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Preterm Births Attributable to Criteria Air Pollutant Exposure in Bangladesh During 2015-2019","authors":"Debatosh B. Partha, Sumiya Yasmin, Hrithik Nath","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125742","url":null,"abstract":"Criteria air pollutant exposure impacts human health through various pathways. Preterm birth (PTB) is one of the major adverse birth outcomes (ABO) associated with such exposure. Although numerous global and regional studies have been conducted on this issue, few have recently investigated the impact of major criteria air pollutant exposure on PTBs in Bangladesh, one of the world’s most polluted countries with the highest relative PTB rate. In this study, we retrieved high-resolution criteria air pollution data from recent studies and regionally scaled it to 10 km <span><math></math></span> 10 km resolution. We incorporated the MERRA-2 model, satellite measurements, and exposure-response modeling to quantify the impacts of CO, O₃, PM_2.5, SO₂, and NO₂ exposure on PTBs in Bangladesh from 2015 to 2019. We observed the highest all-source CO, O₃, PM_2.5, SO₂, and NO₂ exposure in 2018 at 272.8 <span><math></math></span>/m³, 88.2 ppbv, 62.9 <span><math></math></span>/m³, 20.5 <span><math></math></span>/m³, and 11.6 ppbv, respectively. These exposures were associated with 0.18 million [95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.08 – 0.29 million] to 0.20 million [95%CI: 0.08 – 0.32 million] annual total PTBs among 4.3 million annual total live births, indicating an alarming 4.4–4.9% PTB rate exclusively attributable to the exposure to these five criteria air pollutants. Within these PTB estimates, our study found that combined CO, O₃, and PM_2.5 exposure caused the majority (94.7–95.8%) of the total PTBs, with hotspots in the central and southern regions of Bangladesh. This study provides quantitative evidence of the PTB incidence caused by major criteria air pollutant exposure and discusses the urgency of the targeted reduction of pollutants as well as source control to reduce the risks of PTBs, which is critical for the overall well-being of the overpopulated and underrepresented women and children of Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lead/Cadmium Impacts on Zeolite-Tobermorite: Nutrient Release and Sediment Stability","authors":"Yanfei Tian, Xianshu Dong, Chunsheng Deng, Dong Yang, Xiaoya Ma, Yanze Mu","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125688","url":null,"abstract":"To realize the comprehensive utilization of large amounts of high-ash coal slime and comprehensively understand the excellent performance of nutrient release and lead and cadmium adsorption of high-ash coal slime silicon composite materials, green and safe mild hydrothermal conditions (200 °C) were used to prepare the rich-rich coal slime. Zeolite/tobermorite composites (Z-TOBs) were used in this study. Batch adsorption tests and repeated extraction tests were used to determine whether silicon, potassium, and calcium nutrients of Z-TOBs have sustained release properties and are affected by pH. Through temperature gradient analyses, batch adsorption experiments at the water-soil interface, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the nutrient release mechanisms and the passivation of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) by Z-TOBs were comprehensively investigated. The findings indicated that the release of silicon, calcium, and potassium nutrients from Z-TOBs was influenced by both ambient temperature and Pb and Cd concentrations. As the ambient temperature increased, the release patterns of different nutrients from Z-TOBs varied significantly, and the release of Pb and Cd was enhanced; however, the adsorption capacity for Pb consistently exceeded that for Cd. The passivation effect of soil amended with Z-TOBs on Pb remained stronger than that on Cd, significantly impacting the release of silicon. Characterization results revealed that silicon participated in the formation of silicon-containing compounds such as Cd₂SiO₄, CdAl₂Si₃O₁₂, and Pb₃Si₂O₇. The skew density calculated using DFT indicated that the silicic acid compounds formed with Pb and Cd exhibited greater stability than those formed with CO₃^2- and SO₄^2- groups, with Pb compounds demonstrating superior stability compared to Cd compounds. This study offers both practical and theoretical insights for the comprehensive utilization of high-ash coal slime in mild environments, presenting an alternative pathway for sustainable agricultural development.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the tolerance of harmful algal bloom communities to copper","authors":"Ashley V. Hennessey, Michael B. McDonald, Peyton P. Johnson, Matthew F. Gladfelter, Kate L. Merrill, Suzanne E. Tenison, Sathya S. Ganegoda, Tham C. Hoang, H. Allen Torbert, Benjamin H. Beck, Alan E. Wilson","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125691","url":null,"abstract":"Harmful algal blooms (HABs) cause severe economic and environmental impacts, including hypoxic events and the production of toxins and off-flavor compounds. Chemical treatments, such as copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄·5H₂O), are often used to mitigate the damaging effects of algal blooms. However, treatment effects are usually short-lived leading to waterbodies requiring repeated CuSO₄·5H₂O applications to control persistent algal blooms, particularly in highly eutrophic systems, such as aquaculture ponds or small agricultural impoundments. We hypothesized phytoplankton communities routinely treated with Cu develop community tolerance to treatment, making algal blooms more difficult to manage over time. Pollution-induced community tolerance is a method for measuring how a community can withstand selective pressures to a toxicant. To test whether phytoplankton develop community tolerance to algaecidal treatment, the toxic effects of Cu were evaluated at a standard dose (1.37 mg/L CuSO₄·5H₂O or 0.35 mg/L total Cu) and a low dose (0.69 mg/L CuSO₄·5H₂O or 0.17 mg/L total Cu) relative to untreated controls. Treatments were applied once to 1,300 L mesocosm enclosures installed in a productive aquaculture pond and monitored for 28 days Acute toxicity bioassays measured photosynthetic efficiency across a wide range of Cu concentrations (0.05 to 300 mg/L). The PICT bioassay results were used to generate dose-response curves for median effective concentrations (EC50s) to assess phytoplankton community tolerance to Cu toxicity. The results of this study showed that both doses of Cu led to over 99% removal of cyanobacteria in the first seven days and maintained a reduction in cyanobacterial abundance by at least 70% throughout the experiment. After three days of exposure, the phytoplankton communities in the standard and low-dose treatments exhibited a 12.4x and 5.2x increase in Cu community tolerance, respectively, compared to controls. This increase in community tolerance was driven by Cu-tolerant chlorophyte species. These findings suggest that, while community tolerance to Cu may alter the perceived effectiveness of treatment over time, it can promote a beneficial shift from cyanobacteria to chlorophyte species, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable system.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keystone bacterial groups dominate Escherichia coli O157:H7 survival in long-term reclaimed water headwater stream","authors":"Di Zhu, Zhangheng Feng, Bin He, Jinyi Li, David Z. Zhu, Jinbo Xiong, Zhiyuan Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125738","url":null,"abstract":"<em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) O157:H7 is a highly pathogenic zoonotic bacterium, with water serving as a key medium for its environmental transmission. However, the survival characteristics of <em>E. coli</em> O157:H7 in reclaimed water environments remain poorly understood, which has, to some extent, hindered the development of water reuse technologies. This study examined the survival dynamics of <em>E. coli</em> O157:H7 in a long-term reclaimed water headwater stream through inoculation experiments and identified its main drivers. The results showed that the survival time of <em>E. coli</em> O157:H7 was the longest in the headwater upstream (up to 62 days), gradually decreased as it flowed downstream. Among physicochemical factors, chloride ion, potential of hydrogen, and electrical conductivity were the main factors affecting the survival of <em>E. coli</em> O157:H7. The microbial diversity shown by the alpha diversity index had no significant impact on the <em>E</em>. <em>coli</em> O157:H7 survival. Meanwhile, certain keystone bacterial groups, such as <em>Polynucleobacter</em>, <em>Roseomonas</em>, and <em>Luteolibacter</em>, which are primarily involved in the decomposition of organic matter, suppressed <em>E. coli</em> O157:H7 survival in this stream, while <em>Nitrospira</em>, <em>Dechloromonas</em>, and <em>Sphingomonas</em> promoted the survival of <em>E. coli</em> O157:H7. Overall, the biotic factors have a more direct impact on the <em>E. coli</em> O157:H7 survival compared to abiotic factors in the reclaimed water-replenished stream and deserve more attention. Our research revealed higher biological risks in the upstream sections of the long-term reclaimed water headwater stream, which helped deepen our understanding of pathogen survival in water environments and enhancing our awareness of the biological safety of reclaimed water in ecological replenishment processes.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining air quality standards for pesticides through population exposure modeling","authors":"Yabi Huang, Zijian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125735","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric pesticide pollution is a global problem that poses risks to human health. However, controlling air pollution remains challenging, as few countries have established air quality standards (AQS) for pesticides. Here, we proposed a modeling framework based on human exposure assessment, comprising scenarios: screening, advanced, and aggregated. In addition, the AQSs of 13 selected pesticides in China were simulated using this framework as practice. In the screening scenario, the inhalation rates by age were included in the exposure assessment. The results showed that the adjusted exposure coefficients (θ_screening) were below 1 in young age groups, indicating that the derived AQS_screening should be stricter than the reference concentration (RfC) to ensure sufficient protection across all age groups. For the advanced scenario, outdoor and indoor conditions, as well as physical activity levels were incorporated into the exposure assessment. The results revealed that adjusted coefficients (θ_adv) exceeded 1 at all age groups, suggesting that a more lenient AQS could be appropriated for a pesticide in this scenario. For the aggregated scenario, exposure source allocation within the human body was considered in the exposure assessment to ensure a sufficient safety margin. The result found that the simulated adjusted coefficients (θ_adv) were generally two to four orders of magnitude below 1. This scenario could provide the most conservative simulated AQSs. In conclusion, the proposed framework can assist environmental agencies in comprehensively assessing human exposure and provide the potential adjusted coefficients for AQS derivation. Future research is recommended to refine the framework with more factors related to human exposure.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Picoxystrobin causes mitochondrial dysfunction in earthworms by interfering with complex enzyme activity and binding to the electron carrier cytochrome c protein","authors":"Wentian Zhao, Kai Wang, Xiyan Mu, Jiazhen Jiang, Yang yang, Chengju Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125732","url":null,"abstract":"Picoxystrobin (PICO) poses a great threat to earthworms due to its widespread use in agriculture and its stability in soil. Mitochondria may be a sensitive target organ for the toxic effects of PICO on worms. Therefore, evaluating the effect of PICO on mitochondria can further understand the toxic mechanism of PICO to earthworms. Here, we investigated the mechanism of mitochondrial toxicity of PICO to earthworms at environmentally relevant concentrations (62.5, 125 and 250 μg/kg). Transmission electron microscopy observed that PICO disrupted mitochondrial ultrastructure. PICO reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibited the expression of mitochondrial dynamics proteins of 51 kDa (MiD51). PICO interfered with the electron transport chain (ETC) complex activity and the relative transcription of its subunits. In particular, PICO inhibited complex III activity, cytochrome c (Cyt c, an electron carrier protein that transfers electrons from complex III to complex IV) activity, and ATP level. These changes were observed at PICO concentrations as low as 62.5 μg/kg. Molecular docking analysis indicated that PICO can directly bind to Cyt c with a minimum free energy of -7.84 kcal/mol, thus hindering electron transfer in the ETC. This study confirmed that PICO induces mitochondrial dysfunction in earthworms and contributes to effective pesticide management.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption of perfluorooctanoic acid from aqueous matrices onto chitosan-modified magnetic biochar: Response surface methodology-based modeling, performance, and mechanism","authors":"Bhavini Saawarn, Byomkesh Mahanty, Subrata Hait","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125734","url":null,"abstract":"Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) removal has gained significant attention due to its environmental stability and potential toxicity. This study aims to synthesize a chitosan-modified magnetic biochar (CS_MBC) for efficient PFOA removal from aqueous solutions. Various CS loading ratios (0.25:1, 0.5:1, and 1:1) were explored to determine the optimal adsorbent, with preliminary experiments exhibiting superior performance of CS₁_MBC. To explore the impact of various experimental conditions (pH, adsorbent dose, time, and initial PFOA concentrations) on PFOA removal and optimize these parameters, central composite design of response surface methodology was applied. Statistical analysis of variance was conducted to assess the model’s adequacy, which demonstrated a strong correlation between experimental results and the model. The predicted optimal conditions for achieving maximum PFOA removal (∼94%) were pH 4, 120 mg/L dose, 60 min time, and 20 mg/L PFOA concentration. The kinetics and isotherm studies revealed that the pseudo-second-order (R²=0.9996) and Redlich-Peterson (R²=0.999) models better described PFOA adsorption, with Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of ∼517 mg/g. Thermodynamic study confirmed the spontaneous, endothermic, and physisorptive nature of PFOA adsorption, with electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding governing the process. Further, the fixed-bed column experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of CS₁_MBC for practical applications, which demonstrated the maximum experimental adsorption capacity of 39.63 mg/g. The breakthrough data showed an excellent fit with both the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models, with a high correlation coefficient (R²=0.99). Therefore, this research underscores the potential of CS_MBC as an efficient adsorbent for mitigating PFOA contamination in aqueous environments.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ustiloxin A impairs oocyte quality by disrupting organelles function","authors":"Jun Han, Gang Wang, Xin Liu, You Zhou, Junqiang Hu, Yuzhuo Wu, Weikang Wang, Jianrong Shi, Jianhong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125733","url":null,"abstract":"Oocyte quality is pivotal for fertilization and early embryonic development. Ustiloxin A (UA), is an emerging mycotoxin that has been frequently detected in rice and paddy. Because UA has been reported to be phytotoxic and cytotoxic, it poses a potential hazard to human and animal health. However, the effects of UA on oocyte maturation remain unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of acute UA exposure on mouse oocyte maturation. First, UA exposure inhibited oocyte maturation in a concentration-dependent manner and induced meiotic arrest by disrupting spindle assembly and reducing actin density. Moreover, mitochondrial function was substantially disrupted in oocytes upon UA exposure. Aberrant mitochondrial distribution, substantial downregulation of mitochondrial dynamics-associated genes <em>Mfn1</em>, <em>Mfn2</em> and <em>Fis1</em>, decreased membrane potential and TOM20 expression were observed in UA-exposed oocytes; these effects further led to oxidative stress and DNA damage. Furthermore, UA induced ER and Golgi dysfunction and triggered ER stress by increasing GRP78 expression, which ultimately resulted in autophagy and early apoptosis in oocytes. Therefore, these results demonstrate that UA impairs oocyte quality by disrupting organelles function, providing new insight into the influence of UA on female reproduction in mammals.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and its constituents with lung cancer incidence: Evidence from a prospective cohort study in Beijing, China","authors":"Jinlong Hu, Lei Yang, Ning Kang, Ning Wang, Luyan Shen, Xi Zhang, Shuo Liu, Huichao Li, Tao Xue, Shaohua Ma, Tong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125686","url":null,"abstract":"Association between long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and lung cancer incidence is well-documented. However, the role of different PM_2.5 constituents [black carbon (BC), ammonium (NH₄⁺), nitrate (NO₃⁻), organic matter (OM), and inorganic sulfate (SO₄²⁻)] remain unclear. The study aimed to specify the associations between PM_2.5 constituents and lung cancer incidence. Based on a prospective cohort of 130,860 participants in Beijing, the present study utilized Cox model to explore the associations between PM_2.5 constituents and lung cancer incidence. We further used mixed exposure models [weighted quantile sum (WQS) and quantile-based g-computation (Qgcomp)] and machine learning model [random forest model with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP)] to specify the importance of each constituent. Results indicated that PM_2.5 mass and its constituents were significantly associated with increased lung cancer incidence. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of 1-μg/m³ increase in the 5-year average concentrations were 1.01 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.02) for PM_2.5 mass, 1.23 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.42) for BC, 1.15 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.27) for NH₄⁺, 1.08 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.16) for NO₃⁻, 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.06) for OM, and 1.08 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.15) for SO₄²⁻. Both the WQS and Qgcomp models assigned the two highest positive weights to BC and SO₄²⁻. SHAP analysis identified SO₄²⁻ and BC as the first and third most important contributors, respectively. Our results indicated that PM_2.5 mass and its constituents were significantly associated with lung cancer incidence, and BC and SO₄^2- were the key constituents in these associations.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abiotic and Biotic Dissipation in Natural Attenuation of Phenanthrene and Benzo[a]pyrene: A Systematic Quantification Study in Contrasting Soils","authors":"Yi Kong, Bang Wu, Xinyi Lai, Qian Zhang, Xinyi Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125705","url":null,"abstract":"Natural attenuation represents a significant ecosystem function for mitigating the quantity and toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) through both abiotic and biotic dissipation processes. This study systematically investigated abiotic and biotic dissipation of phenanthrene (Phe) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in four soils over 360 days, using CSIA to quantitatively analyze δ¹³C changes and demonstrate biodegradation. The results indicated that extractable Phe was primarily attenuated via biodegradation (65% - 81%), as revealed by CSIA, with the δ¹³C changes ranging from 2.06‰ to 4.20‰ across the four soil types. Only 17% -27% of Phe dissipated by forming Type II non-extractable residues (NERs), while its Type I NERs remained available for microbial utilization. Notably, the microbial genera <em>Gemmatimonas</em> and <em>Sphingomonas</em> emerged as key contributors to the biotic dissipation of Phe. Conversely, extractable BaP was predominantly attenuated through abiotic process (35% - 52%), particularly via the formation of Type I and Type II NERs, with a smaller fraction (6% - 17%) undergoing biotic dissipation. Although the changes in δ¹³C values for BaP were only 0.76‰ -1.06‰, the significant changes (p&lt;0.05) supported the microbial degradation of BaP. Additionally, soil organic matter and pH influenced the extractable and residual Phe, whereas soil electrical conductivity and texture primarily affected BaP rather than Phe. These findings underscore the multiple dissipation mechanisms involved in the natural attenuation of PAHs in soils and offer valuable quantitative data for remediation strategies of PAHs-contaminated soils.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}