Environmental Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Molecular characteristics of brown carbon aerosols over a forest atmosphere in the Qinling region of central China","authors":"Xin Zhang, Shuyan Xing, Jianjun Li, Rui Wang, Lijuan Li, Yue Lin, Junji Cao, Yuemei Han","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127279","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric brown carbon (BrC) aerosols were investigated at a forest site in the Qinling Mountains region of central China across the four seasons of 2021–2022. The molecular composition and optical properties of organic aerosols were characterized using an ultrahigh performance liquid chromatograph coupled with a diode array detector and an Orbitrap mass spectrometer. The light absorption of organic aerosols was relatively low in this forest environment, as revealed by their lower mass absorption coefficients at 365 nm wavelength (MAC₃₆₅, mean 0.19 ± 0.13 m² g⁻¹) compared with those of worldwide locations (approximately 0.04–2.8 m² g⁻¹). The light absorption of BrC exhibited strong seasonal variabilities, with higher MAC₃₆₅ values in fall and winter than those in spring and summer seasons. They were mostly classified as very weakly absorbing BrC, while the absorption capacities were increased with enhanced anthropogenic pollution. A total of 51 major BrC species were identified and mostly composed of CHO and CHON species (84%), accounting for 14–39% of the total absorbance of BrC at 300–450 nm. The optical properties of BrC largely depended on their chemical composition and molecular structures, with lignin-like compounds and condensed aromatics being the major BrC components. The lipid- and protein-like compounds with lower unsaturation degrees could be the potential BrC species mainly originating from biomass burning and biological emissions. This study advances our knowledge on the connections of optical properties of BrC aerosols with their molecular characteristics in anthropogenic–biogenic intersection atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drinking water quality criteria value estimation for representative haloacetamide disinfection byproducts via a benchmark dose approach based on an association analysis between drinking water exposure and altered liver function in a community population in Wuxi from Jiangsu province","authors":"Shunan Wang ,&nbsp;Jingying Zhu ,&nbsp;Wanjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao Yang ,&nbsp;Lingling Xu ,&nbsp;Limei Chen ,&nbsp;Yao Li ,&nbsp;Run Zhou ,&nbsp;Xinliang Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Haloacetamides (HAcAms), a cytotoxic nitrogenous disinfection byproduct, are widely detected in drinking water, but their health impacts and water quality criteria (WQC) remain unclear. This study measured levels of dichloroacetamide (DCAcAm), Bromochloroacetamide (BCAcAm), and dibromoacetamide (DBAcAm) in Wuxi City's water and analyzed their associationwith liver function in 829 participants. DCAcAm (0.56–9.83 μg/L) was the most abundant HAcAms. Comprehensive analysis of finished water and tap water showed that theconcentrations of three HAcAms in the water samples from the Yangtze River were higher in the dry season than in the wet season (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). In both the dry season and the wet season, the reservoir water samples had the lowest median concentrations of the three HAcAms (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Generalized linear models showed significant linear correlations between HAcAms and elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), persisting after excluding older participants. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses showed that BCAcAm and DBAcAm exhibited significant nonlinear correlations with albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), and total protein (TP) (<em>p</em> for nonlinear&lt;0.05). Using benchmark dose (BMD) modeling, reference doses (RfDs) were derived: 0.10, 0.12, and 0.09 μg/(kg·d) for DCAcAm, BCAcAm, and DBAcAm, respectively, with corresponding WQC values of 4.27, 5.13, and 3.85 μg/L. Findings suggest HAcAm exposure may impair liver function, warranting further toxicological and epidemiological research. This study estimated the population RfD and drinking water WQC of HAcAms for the first time, providing a basis for further HAcAms population health risk assessment and the development of drinking water relevant regulations or guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 127277"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145295096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of broad- and needle- leaf morphology in capturing particulate matter and emerging pollutants in urban environments","authors":"Beata Kończak, Magdalena Cempa, Aleksandra Ziembińska-Buczyńska","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127233","url":null,"abstract":"Urban air pollution remains one of the key environmental and public health issues, with particulate matter (PM) acting as a major carrier of harmful contaminants. This study explored the occurrence of emerging and established contaminants, including radiopharmaceuticals, heavy metals, and rare earth elements within PM deposited on the broad- and needle- leaf surfaces of urban trees. Broad- and needle- leaf samples of <em>Hedera helix</em> L., <em>Pinus sylvestris and Thuja occidentalis</em> were collected from an urban-industrial area in Gliwice, Poland. The morphology of the leaf surfaces and the composition of PM deposited on the leaves were examined using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). A quantitative analysis of particle fractions (large, coarse, fine) was performed through sequential filtration and gravimetric weighing following the washing of the plant material. The results indicated that the PM capture capacity of broad- and needle- leaf species depends on the morphological traits intrinsic to the species. The plant species with the greatest potential for retention of particulate matter was <em>P. sylvestris</em>, where deposited particles constituted 0.33% of the total mass of the <em>P. sylvestris</em> needle- leaves. Particulate matter can be characterised by compounds containing potentially toxic elements: heavy metals such as As, Sb, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Hg; other elements such as Ba, Ti, Fe, Mn, and Ag; as well as various trace elements, including rare earth elements. Particulate matter is also likely to carry radiopharmaceuticals such as those containing Tc and Re. Monitoring the elemental content of PM provides valuable information on the source and distribution of pollutants in the environment, including emerging pollutants such as radiopharmaceuticals.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of pesticides and their transformation products in surface water and groundwater surrounding a closed bioethanol production facility using non-targeted analysis","authors":"Angela L. Batt, Laura D. Brunelle, Eva K. Stebel, Daniel D. Snow, Esra Mutlu, Antony J. Williams, Gregory Janesch, Caroline Tebes-Stevens, Troy M. Ferland, Shannon Bartelt-Hunt, Judy Wu-Smart","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127105","url":null,"abstract":"Non-targeted analysis (NTA) was used to identify 36 pesticides and transformation products (TPs) in surface and groundwater surrounding a defunct bioethanol production facility located in Nebraska, USA. The facility had stored and processed pesticide-treated seeds as bioethanol feedstock, which resulted in significant releases of pesticides to the surrounding environment. Targeted chemical methods were previously used to monitor the surrounding surface water for 22 pesticides and select TPs, including neonicotinoid insecticides and strobilurin fungicides, although the full range of pesticides and other chemicals that may have been present was unknown. Targeted sample extracts from 2021 were retrospectively analyzed with NTA using liquid chromatography and time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-ToF) to identify additional chemicals not previously selected for analysis. Sixteen pesticides and 20 TPs were identified in the sample extracts with NTA, 33 of which were confirmed with a reference standard. Of the 20 detected TPs, 17 were not included in the previous targeted analysis. Estimated concentrations were determined for the most abundant TPs using a follow-up semi-quantitative analysis with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). TP estimated concentrations were typically higher than the parent pesticides, with several TPs reaching the mid-μg/L to low-mg/L range in surface water and exceeding EPA aquatic life benchmarks. Surface water samples were collected in September 2023 and groundwater in June 2024 to provide an update on the chemical profile of the impacted area, which found 16 of the pesticides and TPs detected in 2021 still present, although generally at lower concentrations than observed in 2021.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"08 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between serum metals and antibody levels against measles, rubella, and varicella vaccines in children with sex-specific nonlinear patterns","authors":"Mei Liu ,&nbsp;Pingting Zhu ,&nbsp;Fenfang Deng ,&nbsp;Boheng Liang ,&nbsp;Yang Xu ,&nbsp;Pengzhe Qin ,&nbsp;Rongfei Peng ,&nbsp;Lei Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vaccination is a cornerstone of public health, protecting individuals from infectious diseases, contributing to herd immunity, reducing disease transmission, and safeguarding vulnerable populations. Despite the recognized importance of optimizing vaccine-induced immunity, the role of metal exposure in modulating antibody levels in children remains poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the associations between serum metal concentrations and antibody levels for measles, rubella, and varicella vaccines in 1076 children aged 3–12 years from Guangzhou, China. In multivariable linear regression analyses of the whole children, barium exhibited consistent negative associations with antibody levels for all three vaccines. In sex-stratified analyses, tin showed positive associations, whereas manganese showed negative associations with rubella antibody levels in both sexes. Additionally, barium was negatively associated with measles antibody levels in both sexes. In age-stratified analyses, zinc and tin were positively associated with rubella antibody levels, while manganese was negatively associated with rubella antibody levels in both age groups. Sex-stratified restricted cubic spline analyses revealed that a greater number of serum metals were significantly associated with varicella and rubella antibody levels in girls, whereas more metals were associated with measles antibody levels in boys. Specifically, serum lead and copper exhibited inverted U-shaped relationships with varicella antibody levels in girls, whereas aluminum, antimony, and iron showed complex nonlinear patterns with measles antibody levels in boys. Additionally, zinc demonstrated a positive threshold effect on rubella antibody levels in both sexes, whereas barium exhibited U-shaped associations with varicella and rubella antibody levels. There was a combined negative effect of metal mixtures on rubella antibody levels, with silver, manganese, and chromium identified as the main contributors. The results revealed that environmental metal exposure may influence vaccine-induced immunity in children, highlighting routine serum metal biomonitoring and potential interventions to ensure optimal vaccination effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 127276"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational solar ultraviolet radiation and incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer in a nationwide cohort","authors":"I. Kristensen, I.B. Iversen, M. Fenger-Grøn, H.A. Kolstad, E.T. Würtz, M.C. Turner, K. Grandahl, S.A.J Schmidt, Z.A. Stokholm","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127275","url":null,"abstract":"Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer worldwide. Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the primary risk factor. Consequently, outdoor workers face a potential long-term occupational hazard, but little is known about the extent to which occupational UVR exposure affects the risk of NMSC. We aimed to quantify the exposure-response relation between occupational solar UVR exposure and NMSC incidence in a nationwide cohort. We conducted a register-based cohort study of the entire Danish workforce 1977–2015 assessing the association between occupational UVR exposure and the incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) as recorded in the Danish Cancer Register. Exposure was measured in standardised erythema dose (SED) based on a newly developed European UVR job exposure matrix. We analysed confounder-adjusted incidence rate ratios of NMSC with a discrete-time hazard model and modelled the shape of the exposure-response relation with restricted cubic splines. Of the 2,943,463 workers followed for a median of 20 years, 26,958 were diagnosed with BCC and 1,132 with SCC. Median cumulative exposure was 5.99 SED-years. We observed a positive exposure-response relation between occupational solar UVR and BCC, with an adjusted incidence rate ratio of 1.58 (95% CI: 1.47-1.70) in the highest exposure quartile compared with the lowest. Results for SCC suggested a similar exposure–response pattern, although not reaching statistical significance. We observed a strong exposure-response relation between occupational solar UVR exposure and the risk of NMSC in Danish workers. These findings underscore the need for implementing preventive strategies.<h3>Trial registration number</h3>j.no.: 1-16-02-196-17.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-site vs. supersite aerosol source apportionment in a lignite basin area","authors":"Radim Seibert, Petra Pokorná, Petr Vodička, Vladimíra Volná, Radek Lhotka, Naděžda Zíková, Jakub Ondráček, Laurence C. Windell, Jaroslav Schwarz, Vladimír Ždímal","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127226","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h2&gt;Section snippets&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Measurement sites&lt;/h2&gt;The research area was the northwest part of the Czech Republic. The North Bohemian lignite basin is part of the so-called ‘Black Triangle’, located at the tri-border of the Czech Republic, Poland, and Germany. The exploitation of coal and its use for industrial heat and power generation, as well as household heating, has led to worsened air quality here, especially in terms of concentrations of particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) (Hůnová, 2020).Four monitoring sites (&lt;/section&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Results and discussion&lt;/h2&gt;The annual average PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations ranged from 17.9 to 24.2 μg·m&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt; at the basin sites and were 10.5 μg·m&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt; at the mountainous Rudolice site (Table 2). In contrast to the initial expectation, the highest seasonal average concentrations were not observed in winter, when emissions from residential heating play an important role in air quality. The reason was the long-lasting deteriorated dispersion conditions in spring and autumn described in detail in the Text S3. The significant impact of&lt;/section&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h2&gt;Annual offline data from four stations and semi-annual time series of combined online and offline data yielded similar findings. Utilizing sites in areas with differing meteorological conditions allowed for a more detailed distinction between locally, regionally, and long-range transported particles, including secondary aerosols.Both approaches consistently identified surface coal mining emissions as the dominant contributor to PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; mass in the Most Basin area, making them the main priority for&lt;/section&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;h2&gt;CRediT authorship contribution statement&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Petra Pokorná;:&lt;/strong&gt; Writing – review &amp; editing, Supervision, Methodology, Investigation, Conceptualization. &lt;strong&gt;Vladimíra Volná;:&lt;/strong&gt; Writing – review &amp; editing, Supervision, Formal analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Petr Vodička:&lt;/strong&gt; Writing – review &amp; editing, Methodology, Investigation, Data curation. &lt;strong&gt;Naděžda Zíková;:&lt;/strong&gt; Writing – review &amp; editing, Investigation, Data curation. &lt;strong&gt;Radek Lhotka:&lt;/strong&gt; Writing – review &amp; editing, Methodology, Data curation. &lt;strong&gt;Laurence C. Windell:&lt;/strong&gt; Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Data curation. &lt;strong&gt;Jakub&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Uncited reference&lt;/h2&gt;Lim et al., 2012; Via et al., 2023; Wikipedia, 2025.&lt;/section&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Data availability&lt;/h2&gt;The input concentrations and associated uncertainties used in the PMF model for supersite and multi-site source apportionment are available in a public repository at &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15705625&lt;/span&gt;&lt;svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"&gt;&lt;path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145283448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and degradation of bisphenols in honey using matrix-induced dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction: Insights into the release of bisphenol A from polycarbonate microplastics","authors":"Ji Yang ,&nbsp;Yuchang He ,&nbsp;Chunping Du ,&nbsp;Yuqing Zuo ,&nbsp;Lingfei Xie ,&nbsp;Ping Yan ,&nbsp;Rui Dong ,&nbsp;Xijuan Tu ,&nbsp;Wenbin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The protection of the pollinator honeybee is of significant importance to the maintenance of the ecosystem. In recent years, the contamination of bisphenols (BPs) and microplastics (MPs) has prompted global concern. Nevertheless, the degradation of BPs in honey and the release of BPs from MPs in honey remain unknown. Herein, a novel matrix-induced dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (MI-DLLME) method coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-fluorescence detection was developed for quantifying BPA and BPB in honey. This approach leverages endogenous honey matrix constituents to facilitate microextraction, offering a robust and efficient analytical strategy. The method was rigorously validated and applied in a survey of 67 honey samples, revealing that only BPA was detectable, with raw apiary honey exhibiting significantly lower contamination levels and detection frequency than commercial honey. Furthermore, the degradation kinetics of BPA and BPB were investigated in four botanical honey types, showing slow degradation rates (0.00344–0.00647 day⁻¹) and half-lives ranging from 107 to 201 days. Additionally, the gradual release of BPA from polycarbonate (PC) MPs was observed in honey, with higher water content accelerating the release rate. These findings underscore the need for continued monitoring of BP contamination in honeybee products to safeguard both pollinator health and human consumers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 127271"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145283384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vibrational analysis of polystyrene photodegradation and its implications for microplastic formation in arid zones","authors":"Sofía Navarro-Espinoza ,&nbsp;Diana Meza-Figueroa ,&nbsp;Francisco Grijalva-Noriega ,&nbsp;Erika Silva-Campa ,&nbsp;Osiris Álvarez-Bajo ,&nbsp;Andreí Sarabía-Sainz ,&nbsp;Mónica Acosta-Elías ,&nbsp;Alexel Burgara-Estrella ,&nbsp;Beylissa Bojorquez-Baltierrez","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the photodegradation of polystyrene as a potential source of microplastics (and nanoplastics) in arid soils. For this purpose, polystyrene pellets were exposed to UV-C radiation for different periods by placing them directly on soil collected from an arid region. The progressive degradation of the material was monitored weekly using Raman microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Spectroscopic analyses revealed chemical transformations associated with the photoinduced oxidation of polystyrene. Characteristic Raman peaks at 877 and 1732 cm⁻¹ indicate the presence of hydroperoxide and ketone groups, respectively. The presence of an FTIR band at ∼3400 cm⁻¹ further confirmed the formation of hydroperoxides. After the UV-C exposure period ended, the soil samples were processed to extract particles generated from the degraded polymer. Dynamic Light Scattering analysis indicated an average hydrodynamic size of 2388.88 ± 988.42 nm. Raman spectra of these particles confirmed the presence of polystyrene, while particles with an average size of 182.01 ± 34.58 nm were identified as common soil minerals (quartz, anatase, calcite, albite, and hematite). These findings enhance our understanding of the mechanisms driving microplastics formation under extreme environmental conditions and highlight key analytical tools for their detection and characterization in complex soil matrices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 127274"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145283290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of zebrafish to phthalate exposure and recovery: Insights into transcriptome-based molecular mechanisms","authors":"Jinbing Dai ,&nbsp;Haiyue Jing ,&nbsp;Shiguo Li ,&nbsp;Jing Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phthalate acid esters (PAEs), widely used as plasticizers, are frequently detected in the environments and are known to exert toxic effects on aquatic organisms. However, whether these effects are recoverable after exposure—and the mechanisms underlying any recovery—remains poorly understood, limiting accurate risk assessment for these toxicants. In this study, zebrafish were exposed to three representative PAEs—dimethyl phthalate (DMP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP)—for 4 days, followed by a 7-day recovery in PAEs-free water. By combining accumulation assessment, survival analysis, and transcriptomic sequencing, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying these toxic effects and recovery. All three PAEs were detected in zebrafish during exposure and recovery periods. While no changes were observed in survival, transcriptomic sequencing revealed distinct molecular patterns: DMP interfered with PPAR signaling and tryptophan metabolism, leading to lipid dysregulation, neurotransmitter imbalance, and oxidative stress. DBP influenced glutathione metabolism, reducing antioxidant and detoxification capacity. DNOP suppressed the expressions of genes related to cell cycle and DNA replication, inhibiting cell proliferation and tissue repair. After 7-day recovery, PAE residues were still at high levels, and molecular alterations were aggravated: tryptophan metabolism was further inhibited in the DMP exposure, glutathione pathway remained downregulated under DBP, and DNOP-induced cell cycle arrest became more severe. Our results suggest that PAE exposures can induce persistent and compound-specific transcriptomic toxicity in zebrafish, even after toxicant removal. These findings highlight the importance of including post-exposure periods in future toxicological studies and provide molecular insights for improving environmental risk assessments for PAEs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 127272"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145283289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}