Environmental Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Eco-friendly Approach for the Removal and Simultaneous Detection of Cyanide Toxins from Drinking and Wastewater Sources","authors":"I.M. El-Sewify, M.A. Shenashen, H. Gomaa, M.S. Selim, N. Akhtar, A. Azzam, M. Mekawy, M.Y. Emran, M. Khairy, A. Shahat, M. Hasan, A. Elmarakbi, S.A. El-Safty","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127094","url":null,"abstract":"The consumption of drinking water and wastewater with low concentrations of toxic cyanide ions (CN^-) can result in bioaccumulation, posing a significant risk to human health and leading to sudden death. Thus, sensitive detection and selective removal approaches for ultra-trace concentrations of highly toxic CN^- from water sources are of particular interest to a widening cohort of water purification researchers. In this study, we fabricated 3D hierarchy and face-centered cubic (<em>fcc</em>) surfaces of zirconium organic frameworks (ZOFs) that are decorated tightly with organic colorant dressers, enabling the fabrication of multi-functional captor/sensor microstructures (CSMs). The CSM structures can customize a wide range of functions of naked-eye detection, removal, and recovery of extremely toxic CN^- in drinking and wastewater environments in a simultaneous, one-pot process. The visual CSM function was controlled via the modification of cubic <em>fcc</em> surfaces of ZOFs with hydrophobic colorant receptors, leading to the formulation of multi-functional capture centers, resembling branches, onto the entire surface scaffolds. Such CSM models provide sensitive and selective capture/trapping/removal and detection of CN^- in diverse water sources and environments. The CSM models demonstrated significant capabilities in the selective and sensitive detection of CN⁻ (48 ppt, parts per trillion) in water samples within seconds (40 seconds). Moreover, the CSM models demonstrate a high CN-adsorption capacity of 137.17 mg/g under optimal adsorption conditions. In terms of controlling CN-environmental waste, the chemical/physical features of CSM models (i.e., large surface area-to-volume ratios, heterogeneous active sites, uniform 3D geometries, and multifaced cubic surfaces) efficiently facilitate a stable CN-recovery process without structural degradation, despite rigorous chemical treatment across numerous cycles. The effective reusability of the CSM design in a wide range of drinking and wastewater sources fosters an eco-friendly approach for CN^- waste management, minimizing its harmful release into the environment.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145043202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dependence of aerosol formation on OH radical sources under humid conditions from m-xylene","authors":"Qun Zhang, Yongfu Xu, Long Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127107","url":null,"abstract":"The OH radical plays the most critical role in secondary organic aerosols (SOA) formation. While multiple OH precursors exist in the atmosphere, their potential differential impacts on SOA production remain poorly understood. Here, two representatives of OH precursors (H₂O₂ and O₃) are selected to investigate the yield and chemical composition of SOA generated from <em>m</em>-xylene under humid conditions compared with dry conditions. Orbitrap mass spectrometry is used to elucidate the mechanisms on SOA formation from <em>m</em>-xylene-H₂O₂ and <em>m</em>-xylene O₃ photooxidation systems across humidity regimes. Experiments in a Teflon reactor revealed contrasting relative humid (RH) dependencies. In the <em>m</em>-xylene-H₂O₂ system, SOA yields decreased drastically from 29.8% at 6% RH to 3.8% at 78% RH. In contrast, SOA yields in the <em>m</em>-xylene-O₃ system exhibited no significant change, with 7.0-9.6% at 5-6% RH and 8.6-9.9% at 68-87% RH. It is attributed the suppression of the yield at elevated RH in the <em>m</em>-xylene-H₂O₂ system to excess OH concentrations derived from dissolved H₂O₂ photolysis in the condensed phase. It enhances fragmentation and carbon loss processes of SOA precursors, increasing their volatility and promoting gas-phase partitioning. Conversely, in the <em>m</em>-xylene-O₃ system SOA yields remained stable due to compensating pathways. Higher number concentrations, higher gas-phase OH concentrations, and aldol condensation and acetal oligomerization can promote the aerosol masses, and meanwhile more reacted <em>m</em>-xylene at elevated RH sustains the SOA yields. These findings highlight the critical role of the OH sources in realistic atmospheric processes and of the selection of OH sources in laboratory studies. The study provides key insights into SOA formation mechanisms influenced by OH sources, with implications for improving air quality models.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145043206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogeochemical and machine learning evidences for release and attenuation mechanisms of chromium contamination in a partially PRB remediation of shallow groundwater","authors":"Jinyu Shi ,&nbsp;Yuesuo Yang ,&nbsp;Min Shi ,&nbsp;Ying Lu ,&nbsp;Wenfang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the release and attenuation mechanisms of Cr(VI) in a shallow aquifer system and evaluate the remediation performance of a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) in central China. A hydrogeochemical and machine learning framework was developed to characterize Cr distribution and transport behavior. The framework included identification of Cr species and their spatial variations, assessment of hydrochemical types and redox conditions, source tracing of major ions, and correlation analysis to identify key factors controlling contaminant behavior. Machine learning algorithms, including Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) and k-means clustering analysis, were employed to identify hydrochemical indicators governed by similar controlling processes and delineate the extent of PRB influence. The results revealed that Cr originated from historical chromite ore processing residue (COPR) stockpiles, with advective-diffusive transport mechanisms governing plume evolution, extending the Cr(VI) plume over 600 m downstream. Redox conditions shifted significantly near the zero-valent iron (ZVI)-filled PRB, promoting Cr(VI) reduction. The Cr(VI) concentration within the 63 m effective reductive radius of the PRB was reduced to as low as 0.082 mg/L. This study demonstrates the value of integrating hydrochemical indicators with machine learning to assess remediation effectiveness and clarify attenuation processes. The proposed framework offers a practical tool for guiding contaminated site management and treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 127109"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UV-aged biodegradable and non-biodegradable microplastics further enhance horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance plasmids both in vitro and in intestinal flora","authors":"Haijie Zhang, Yu Shao, Tengfei Li, Wei Liu, Yanhu Huang, Yupei Jiang, Zhiqiang Wang, Xia Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127111","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics is a well-known environmental contaminant that have raised concerns regarding their role in spreading antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study investigates the effect of ultraviolet (UV) aging of 100 nm petroleum-based (polystyrene, PS) and bio-based (polylactic acid, PLA) microplastics on the horizontal transfer of multidrug resistance plasmids. Both PS and PLA significantly increase the frequency of horizontal spread of ARGs, and UV aging of both PS and PLA microplastics further enhance this frequency by 4- to 20-fold, implying that environmental elements, including UV radiation, may increase the ecological danger caused by microplastics. UV aging significantly alters the surface properties of both PS and PLA microplastics and disrupted the integrity of bacterial cell membranes. Moreover, UV-aged microplastics increased cellular uptakes and exacerbated oxidative stress in bacteria by elevating ROS levels and SOD activity. In addition, UV-aged microplastics improved bacterial energy metabolism, providing additional ATP for conjugation process. Finally, UV-aged microplastics aggravated oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation in gut which further promoted the plasmid conjugation rate <em>in vivo</em> by 3.5-fold. The findings not only draw attention to the important role of UV-aged microplastics in permitting ARG spread but also urge thorough risk assessments of degradation of microplastics on public health and ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145043204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the toxicological effects of exposure to environmental pollutants PET-MPs on vascular diseases: insights from network toxicology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and experimental validation","authors":"Huilin Xu,&nbsp;Songhua Chen,&nbsp;Xia Wang,&nbsp;Huilin Lian,&nbsp;Siyi Zhang,&nbsp;Ziwei Liu,&nbsp;Ren Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (PET-MPs) pose significant environmental and health concerns due to their persistence and potential toxicity. However, their impact on vascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis (AS), abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and vascular remodeling, is still poorly understood. This study systematically explored the molecular mechanisms of PET-MP-induced vascular toxicity through bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation. Several databases, including GEO, DisGeNET, TargetNet, and SupPred, were used to identify potential molecular targets, with STRING and Cytoscape employed for further core target analysis. GO and KEGG pathway analyses via the DAVID database, complemented by molecular docking and dynamics simulations, validated key interactions.The bioinformatic analysis highlighted four core targets: AKT1, TNF, Caspase3, and VCAM1, and implicated PET-MPs in C-type lectin receptor signaling, AGE-RAGE signaling, and apoptosis pathways.In vitro experiments revealed that PET-MPs induced mitochondrial oxidative stress, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ROS production, and promoted VSMC apoptosis, thereby contributing to vascular remodeling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 127082"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of hydrosystem dynamics and fluvial regime on total mercury distribution in water and plankton in a hydroelectric reservoir in the Brazilian Amazon","authors":"Brendson C. Brito ,&nbsp;José R.P. Peleja ,&nbsp;Ynglea G. de Freitas Goch ,&nbsp;Edvaldo J.S. Lemos ,&nbsp;Flávia C.C. Lima ,&nbsp;Sergio Melo","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydroelectric reservoirs are often responsible for releasing total mercury (THg) into aquatic ecosystems. There is limited information on the influence of hydrosystem gradients and fluvial regimes on THg distribution. This study aimed to investigate the influence of vertical gradients, hydrosystem gradients, and fluvial regime on THg distribution in water and plankton in the Curuá-Una reservoir, Brazilian Amazon. Samplings were carried out in four fluvial periods: low-water, rising-water, high-water, and falling-water periods. THg levels were determined by cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. Physicochemical conditions of the reservoir varied between lacustrine, transition, and riverine zones. Water transparency was greatest in the lacustrine zone (2.5 m), where the depth reaches 18 m. Conductivity (46.8 μS cm⁻¹) and dissolved oxygen (7.7 mg L⁻¹) were higher in the riverine zone in the falling-water period. During the rising-water period, THg was higher in the hypolimnion (8.8 ng L⁻¹) than in the epilimnion (6.2 ng L⁻¹). THg increased in the low-water period (7.9 ± 1.2 ng L⁻¹). The results demonstrate the influence of water stratification, hypoxia, and fluvial regime on THg dynamics. In the low-water period, the hypoxic hypolimnion favored the increase in HgT. Hg release was also found to be influenced by deforestation and human activities, with higher concentrations observed in pasture and agricultural areas, affecting local aquatic biota. THg dynamics are influenced by hydrological and hydrometric processes. Therefore, these factors should be considered in environmental studies aimed at preserving Amazonian biodiversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 127087"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excessive health risks of summer aerosol sources related to particle-bound toxic metals in the Tibetan Plateau, China","authors":"Jiwei Li, Yunfei Wu, Zhaoze Deng, Liang Ran, Yunjie Xia, Jianchun Bian, Renjian Zhang, Yang Yu, Jiutao An","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127112","url":null,"abstract":"Limited research exists on health risk assessments of airborne sources in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) of China. This study collected particulate samples from the Golmud and Nyingchi sites in the TP during the summers of 2021 and 2023. Crustal element oxide (CEO), organic aerosol (OA), Ca²⁺, and SO₄^2– were the predominant compositions. Most of the CEO and Ca²⁺, along with a small fraction of OA and SO₄^2–, appeared in coarse particles. Although trace elements constituted a low proportion, Cd and Cr(Ⅵ) concentrations exceeded allowable limits. A positive matrix factorization model was combined with a health risk assessment to quantify the health risks of five sources. PM₁₀ mass was more susceptible to soil dust, while secondary source and combustion-related sources (coal combustion, biomass burning, and road traffic) significantly influenced PM_2.5 mass. Despite low particle concentrations, the source-specific health risks posed by toxic metals exceeded the guidelines. The excessive non-cancer risk of Golmud's PM₁₀ for children was primarily attributed to soil dust and coal combustion (21 %–66 %), primarily due to Mn. The cancer risk (CR) for children and adults exceeded the guideline of 10^-6 at both sites, with the highest recorded in Golmud, which was 9–41 times the guideline. The major sources of Golmud's CR (17 %–46 %) were coal combustion, road traffic, and biomass burning, driven by Cd and As. Coal combustion and road traffic were major contributors to Nyingchi's CR (35 %–49 %), with As, Cr, and Co being the main contributing elements.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145043789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different urban environments shape the allergenicity and immunotoxicity of birch pollen","authors":"Miisa Kankaanpää ,&nbsp;Tarleena Tossavainen ,&nbsp;Maria-Viola Martikainen ,&nbsp;Riina Tiainen ,&nbsp;Jari T.T. Leskinen ,&nbsp;Marjut Roponen","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interactions with air pollutants can modify pollen properties, thereby altering their allergenicity and even the severity of pollen-induced symptoms. This study aimed to examine whether birch pollen collected from locations with varying degrees of urbanization and traffic exposure differs in allergen content and immunotoxic properties. To our knowledge, this is the first study to integrate <em>in situ</em> birch pollen sampling across contrasting urban environments with morphological, chemical, and immunotoxic profiling in two complementary human cell models. Birch pollen samples were collected from four locations in Kuopio, Finland, including a low-traffic residential area, an urban park, and two sites adjacent to major roads and a highway. Elemental composition was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Pollen viability and allergen content were assessed by trypan blue staining and ELISA. Immunotoxic properties of pollen, including viability, metabolic activity, oxidative stress, and cytokine production, were assessed using two cellular models: a co-culture of human alveolar epithelium and macrophages, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Pollen from high-traffic locations contained more metallic elements. Allergen (Bet v 1) concentrations were 2.6-fold higher in pollen from the highway site compared to the pollen collected from the residential area. Pollen viability followed a similar pattern, lowest near the highway and highest in the residential area. Pollen from the city center induced the highest cytokine (i.e., TNF-α, GM-CSF, and MIP-1β) release in airway cell model. While cell viability and metabolic activity remained largely unaffected, oxidative stress responses varied, with the highest levels observed in pollen from highway-adjacent trees. These findings suggest that pollen collected near high-traffic areas may have increased potential to trigger allergic inflammation and respiratory distress. The elemental composition of pollen and the immune responses it induced varied across sampling sites, indicating the complexity by which environmental factors can influence pollen properties and potential health effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 127113"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145043207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural Plastic Legacy in River Sediments: Abundance, Oxidation, and Occurrence Characteristics of Microplastics Across Rural China","authors":"Ge Ma, Kuangjia Li, Wei Zou, Rui Xin, Xiaohan Zhang, Jiaojiao Feng, Zheng Chen, Yinan Yang, Xiaomeng Lou, Kai Zhang, Fengxia Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127096","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics (MPs), as emerging contaminants, remain relatively understudied in agricultural river systems, particularly regarding their occurrence, oxidation degree, and associated risks. This study conducted a comprehensive investigation into the occurrence status of microplastics across 25 agricultural rivers in Henan Province, China. Results showed that the average abundance of MPs in agricultural river sediments reached 1016.2 ± 1264.98 items/kg, which is between that in urban-dominant rivers (2836.6 ± 7313.8 items/kg) and lakes/reservoirs (379.5 ± 346.6 items/kg), while being slightly higher than in marine environments (818.2 ± 2166.0 items/kg). The polymer composition was dominated by polypropylene (PP, 39.6%) and polyethylene (PE, 36.9%). Most MPs were &lt; 0.5 mm (80%), with particles (45.0%) and fragments (34.9%) as the main shapes, and transparent MPs (56.3%) the most common. Spatial analysis revealed higher MP abundance in areas with intensive agriculture. Carbonyl Index (CI) analysis showed a high degree of oxidation (CI &gt; 0.3) in 73.9% of samples, reflecting oxidative aging characteristics, likely due to riverine environmental conditions and the prolonged retention of MPs. Risk assessment indicated that the study area overall exhibited a moderate pollution level. This study provides a scientific basis for MP pollution control in agricultural watersheds, recommending enhanced source control of agricultural non-point source pollution (e.g., agricultural plastic mulch residues) to protect rural aquatic ecosystem health.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145043203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics from conventional and biodegradable mulch films alter microbial necromass accumulation and organic carbon sequestration in farmland soils","authors":"Haixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Junfeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Yimei Huang ,&nbsp;Baorong Wang ,&nbsp;Runqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Zhaolong Zhu ,&nbsp;Shaoshan An","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants that may affect soil organic carbon (SOC) and thus influence global change. However, the aging behavior of mulch film-derived MPs exposure to farmland soils and their impact mechanisms on microbial necromass carbon (MNC) formation remain poorly understood. Polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable (Bio, polypropylene carbonate and polybutylene adipate terephthalate synthetic material (PPC + PBAT)) mulch film-derived MPs at 0.2 % (w/w) dosages were mixed into farmland soils, incubated for 120 days and sampled every 30 days. On day 120, compared to MPs before incubation, the relative contents of C–H or C–C on the surfaces of PE-MPs and Bio-MPs decreased by 12.2 % and 3.7 %. In the first 60 days, compared to control soils (CK), the bacterial necromass carbon (BNC) content decreased by 54.0–56.0 % and 23.9–44.8 %, while the MNC decreased by 30.2–53.8 % and 11.8–23.0 % in farmland soils exposed to PE-MPs and Bio-MPs, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). This reduction was attributed to the rapid turnover of necromass. During 90–120 days, under PE-MPs and Bio-MPs exposure, the contents of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) (66–76 % and 10–18 %), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (1.8–16.9 % and 12.4–26.4 %), MNC (8.2–29.2 % and 14.0–16.1 %), and SOC (10.7–11.0 % and 6.8–8.9 %) showed significantly higher levels than those in the CK treatment. The PE-MPs and Bio-MPs promoted an increase in MNC and SOC content, which was associated with MPs aging that altered available nutrients and enzyme activities and directly or indirectly promoted an increase in DOC and microbial biomass. In summary, mulch film-derived MPs affect MNC accumulation and SOC sequestration, especially conventional PE-MPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"385 ","pages":"Article 127086"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}