Environmental Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Is fossil fuel combustion still a major contributor to atmospheric aerosol carbonaceous fractions in the Po Valley? Results from a 14C-based source apportionment.","authors":"F. Salteri, F. Crova, S. Barone, G. Calzolai, A. Forello, M. Fedi, L. Liccioli, D. Massabò, F. Mazzei, P. Prati, G. Valli, R. Vecchi, V. Bernardoni","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125561","url":null,"abstract":"¹⁴C measurements on the carbonaceous fractions of atmospheric aerosol are an important tool for source apportionment. In this paper, a ¹⁴C-based source apportionment study was carried out on samples collected during winter 2021 at an urban background site in the Po Valley, one of the main pollution hot-spot areas in Europe. The samples were prepared using MISSMARPLE (MIlan Small-SaMple Automated Radiocarbon Preparation LinE for atmospheric aerosol), a recently developed sample preparation line for ¹⁴C measurements on atmospheric aerosol carbon fractions, specifically targeting small samples (about 50 μgC). ¹⁴C-based source apportionment was performed separately for elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC), after suitable optimization of model parameters. As this is the first source apportionment study using MISSMARPLE-prepared samples, our results were compared with other tracers and source apportionment outcomes obtained through parallel methodologies, demonstrating strong correlations in all tests (R > 0.87). The source apportionment results showed that fossil fuel combustion remains the main source of EC in the investigated area (60%), while modern contributions generally dominate the OC fraction (66%). However, some episodes were identified where fossil fuel combustion was the dominant contributor also to the OC fraction (up to 66%). During these episodes, the importance of secondary OC formation from fossil fuel combustion was highlighted through the EC-tracer approach. Thus, fossil fuel combustion is still a significant source of carbonaceous aerosol in the Po Valley during the winter. Both primary emissions and gaseous precursors must be targeted by future abatement policies to effectively reduce pollution in the area.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘Comparison of two pump-based systems for sampling small microplastics (>10 μM) in coastal waters’ [Environmental Pollution 363-P2 (2024) 125192]","authors":"Kevin Ugwu, Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda, Lucian Iordachescu, Anna Rotander","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125531","url":null,"abstract":"The authors regret","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"273 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoscale particles-induced mitigation of tannery wastewater chromium stress in rice: Implications for plant performance and human health risk assessment","authors":"Zhanbin Luo, Xuyue Pan, Yi Xia, Xueying Duan, Jing Ma, Fu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125562","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the rapid increase in industrial and urban areas, environmental pollution is increasing worldwide, which is causing unwanted changes in air, water, and soil at biological, physical, as well as chemical levels that ultimately causing the negative effects in living things because of toxic level of chromium (Cr). However, nanotechnology is capturing great interest worldwide due to their stirring applications in various fields. For this purpose, a pot experiment was conducted to examine plant growth and exo-physiology in rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.) under the different levels of wastewater 50% and 100% concentrations which were also primed with three nanoparticles (NPs)—copper oxide (nCuO), silicon (nSi), and zinc oxide (nZnO). The research outcomes indicated that elevated levels of wastewater in the soil (100%) notably reduced plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and gas exchange attributes. However, increasing levels of Cr stress also induced oxidative stress in the plants by increasing malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), which also induced increased compounds of various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and also the gene expression and sugar content. Furthermore, a significant increase in proline metabolism, the AsA–GSH cycle, and the pigmentation of cellular components was observed. Although, the application of nCuO, nSi, nZnO–NPs showed a significant increase in plant growth and biomass, gas exchange characteristics, enzymatic and non-enzymatic compounds, and their gene expression and also decreased oxidative stress. In addition, the application of nCuO, nSi, nZnO–NPs enhanced cellular fractionation and decreased the proline metabolism and AsA−GSH cycle in <em>O. sativa</em> plants. These results open new insights for sustainable agriculture practices and hold immense promise in addressing the pressing challenges of heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal volatile organic compound dynamics in urban and forest environments in Thailand: Implications for air quality and secondary pollutants","authors":"Patcharee Pripdeevech, Radshadaporn Janta, Teerapong Sripahco, Winai Meesang, Chatchaval Aiyathiti, Thayukorn Prabamroong, Sugunya Mahatheeranont, Saran Poshyachinda, Siwatt Pongpiachan, Sarunpron Khruengsai","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125565","url":null,"abstract":"Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) notably influence air quality, climate and secondary pollutant formation, particularly regions in where urban emissions interact with natural biogenic sources at the interface of urban and natural ecosystems. This study examined the VOC profiles in the Sakaerat dry evergreen forest and the urban area of Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, throughout 2023, focusing on seasonal and spatial variations in biogenic and anthropogenic VOCs (BVOCs and AVOCs, respectively). Hydrocarbons, mainly alkanes, dominated VOC compositions, contributing 43.74–47.44% of the total detected VOCs in the forest and 44.89–66.35% in urban areas. Aromatic hydrocarbons accounted for 7.63–10.36% in the forest but increased to 11.80–34.56% in urban areas, peaking in winter. BVOCs, such as isoprene and D-limonene, were more prevalent in the forest (4.41–12.67%) than in urban areas (0.75–4.65%). Meanwhile, oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) displayed considerable seasonal contributions, ranging from 30.24–42.62% in the forest to 9.14–16.78% in urban areas. Seasonal trends exhibited elevated BVOC emissions in the forest during the rainy season and higher AVOC levels in urban areas during summer. Negative and positive correlations with relative humidity were observed in the forest and in urban areas, respectively. Diurnal variations revealed that isoprene emissions in the forest increased with rising daytime temperatures, while VOC concentrations in urban areas showed little to no fluctuation throughout the day. Temperature, humidity and atmospheric transport were key drivers shaping VOC dynamics, highlighting distinct patterns of biogenic and anthropogenic emissions. This study highlights the importance of long-term VOC monitoring to evaluate the environmental impacts of urbanisation on natural ecosystems. These findings provide valuable insights to support air quality management and the mitigation of pollution at the interface of urban and natural environments.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare earth elements accumulation and patterns in abiotic and biotic compartments of a large river system influenced by natural and anthropogenic sources in Eastern Canada.","authors":"Marie-Christine Lafrenière, Jean-François Lapierre, Dominic E. Ponton, Gilbert Cabana, Gesche Winkler, Marie Lefranc, Marc Amyot","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125558","url":null,"abstract":"The mobilization of rare earth elements (REEs) in aquatic ecosystems is expected to rise significantly due to intensified exploitation, erosion, and climate change. As a result, more attention has been brought to study their environmental fate. However, our ability to assess contamination risks in freshwater organisms remains limited due to scarce data on the composition and accumulation of REEs. Understanding how organisms bioaccumulate REEs requires knowledge of their environmental conditions, exposure pathways, and ecological characteristics—areas few studies have explored. In this study, we examined the fate of REEs across abiotic (water, suspended sediments, and sediments) and biotic (invertebrates and fishes) compartments in the St. Lawrence River (Canada), identifying the main drivers of their accumulation and relative composition. The results were consistent with REE biodilution along the food chain, with concentrations greater in suspended (REEs = 76.1 – 241.4 μg·g^-1) and bulk sediments (REEs = 4.2 – 204.2 μg·g^-1). Higher concentrations were found in fine-grained sediments, with a relative enrichment in middle REEs, likely due to REE adsorption onto Fe- or Mn-bearing minerals. Nonpredatory invertebrates ingesting suspended sediments, such as Ephemeroptera and Diptera larvae, exhibited higher concentrations of REEs than both filter-feeding species (i.e., mussels, polychaetes) and fish. Additionally, some amphipods displayed anomalous concentrations of gadolinium (Gd/Gd*=5.7, 2.6, and 2.0), possibly originating from anthropogenic activities near Montreal Island. While fish bioaccumulated only light REEs in their liver, multiple regression models revealed how their length and the concentration of REEs in surrounding water—in dissolved form or as free ions—influenced their concentrations. Finally, benthivorous species like <em>Moxostoma</em> spp. and <em>Ictalurus punctatus</em> accumulated more REEs compared to piscivorous <em>Sander</em> spp., reflecting differences in feeding behavior and trophic level. Overall, these findings provide insights into how REE concentrations and compositions varied among organisms, likely due to differences in environmental conditions and ecological characteristics.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic ultraviolet filters in Hainan Coral Reefs: Distribution, Accumulation, and Ecological Risks","authors":"Fengtong Chang, Xiuran Yin, Hanye Ju, Yankun Zhang, Lianzheng Yin, Xueqing Zhou, Yujie Feng, Xiaoping Diao","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125541","url":null,"abstract":"Organic ultraviolet filters (OUVFs) have been widely used as functional ingredients of sunscreen products and have entered into marine ecosystems, particularly in tropical areas where solar UV radiation is strong. These chemicals, with their potential toxicity and ecological risk, have raised widespread concern for the protection of the fragile marine ecosystem of coral reefs. In this study, fourteen OUVFs were analyzed among 24 coral species, together with their habitats including seawater and sediment from the coastal coral reef regions of Hainan Island, South China Sea. Surprisingly, all of fourteen OUVFs were detected in each sample, indicating the wide distribution of OUVFs among sites and samples. Among the fourteen OUVFs, benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) were the most abundant, with concentrations ranging from 35.3 to 75.6 and 38.3 to 61.4 ng/L in seawater, 13.2 to 25.9 and 7.0 to 17.4 ng/g dw in sediment, and 4.5 to 21.3 and 4.4 to 19.7 ng/g dw in corals, respectively. Analysis of OUVFs in 24 coral species pointed that OUVFs accumulation in corals is morphology dependent: the highest concentration of OUVFs was identified in <em>Galaxea fascicularis</em> with abundant of polyps and tentacles while the lowest levels of OUVFs were found in <em>Porites mayeri</em> (smooth or lobed surface). In corals, we found that these OUVFs accumulated, depending on the coral species and the types of OUVFs. The ecological risk assessment further indicated that BP-3, 4-MBC and BP-8 had posed risks to corals. In addition, significantly higher concentrations of OUVFs were observed in Sanya (a seaside tourist resort) than in the other sites, suggesting that tourist activity and use of sunscreen products are the key to high inputs of sunscreen agents into marine ecosystem. Overall, our study demonstrates a potential risk role for OUVFs in coral protection in tropical areas where coral bleaching events occur.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The contraceptive active ingredient levonorgestrel disrupts the physiology of Macrocyclops albidus","authors":"Zainab Abdullahi Ibrahim, Sonnie Joshua Oniye, Sodangi Abdulkarim Luka, Mathias Ahii Chia","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125560","url":null,"abstract":"Active pharmaceutical ingredients, such as levonorgestrel (LNG), continue to increase in aquatic ecosystems and are detected in environmental matrices; however, their ability to bioaccumulate and cause reproductive, developmental, and biochemical defects in benthic organisms, such as <em>Macrocyclops albidus,</em> is unknown. This study investigated the effects of LNG on the oxidative stress response, reproduction, and development of <em>M</em>. <em>albidus</em>. Levonorgestrel induced a significant (p&lt;0.05) increase in total protein with increasing concentrations from 10 ng L^-1. Intracellular hydrogen peroxide levels were elevated after exposure to LNG (p&lt;0.05). Malondialdehyde level declined as LNG concentration increased at day 7 and increased at higher LNG at day 14. Peroxidase activity was significantly (p&lt;0.05) elevated by lower (1-100 ng L^-1) than higher (1000-10000 ng L^-1) concentrations of LNG. Glutathione S-transferase activity declined with increasing concentrations of LNG. Increased metamorphosis from the nauplii to the copepodite stage was significantly induced by 1000 and 10000 ng L^-1 LNG within four days of exposure. In addition, higher concentrations of LNG induced early production of egg sacs in female <em>M</em>. <em>albidus</em> within four days. Levonorgestrel bioaccumulated in <em>M</em>. <em>albidus,</em> with higher tissue concentrations occurring at high exposures. This study revealed that LNG is readily absorbed and causes stress by interfering with reproduction and metamorphosis in <em>M</em>. <em>albidus</em>, thereby highlighting the role of this zooplankton as a sensitive bioindicator of endocrine disruptors in aquatic ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) models to extend the mixture toxicity prediction of scrubber water","authors":"A. Lunde Hermansson, M. Gustavsson, I.-M. Hassellöv, P. Svedberg, E. García-Gómez, M. Gros, M. Petrović, E. Ytreberg","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125557","url":null,"abstract":"Marine organisms are constantly exposed to complex chemical mixtures from natural and anthropogenic sources. One source that has raised concerns is the discharge water from ships equipped with exhaust gas cleaning systems, commonly known as scrubbers. During operation, ships with scrubbers discharge large volumes of scrubber water, known to adversely affect marine organisms, into the environment. Scrubber water is highly acidic and contains a complex mixture of contaminants, including metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), at high concentrations. To assess the effect from these mixtures, critical values for individual mixture components can be determined from ecotoxicological studies and then compared to measured exposure concentrations. However, for several substances identified in scrubber water, for instance many alkylated PAHs, ecotoxicological studies are unavailable, preventing the determination of critical values. In this study, Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) models have been used to amend and complement experimental data to estimate the mixture toxicity of scrubber water. Our results show that the combined predicted ecotoxicological response of an amended list of 50 substances measured in scrubber water from the substance groups metals (n=10), PAHs (n=16) and their alkylated derivatives (n=24), still underestimates the response observed in whole effluent toxicity tests. This suggests that there are additional substances and/or synergistic effects in the scrubber water mixtures that contribute to the overall toxicity. Thus, to accurately describe the toxicity of scrubber water, measurements and toxicity assessments must extend far beyond the usual suspects of 16 PAHs and a limited selection of metals. Here, QSAR models and advanced chemical screening-based methods are valuable tools for identifying substances of concern.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metals and metalloids pollution levels, partitioning, and sources in the environmental compartments of a small urban catchment in Moscow Megacity","authors":"Nikolay S. Kasimov, Jessica Yu. Vasil’chuk, Maria A. Tereshina, Sergey R. Chalov, Oxana N. Erina, Natalia E. Kosheleva, Galina L. Shinkareva, Dmitrii I. Sokolov, Dmitrii V. Vlasov, Alexey V. Konoplev","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125552","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the contamination levels and sources of 32 metals and metalloids (MMs) in environmental compartments (roadside soil, road dust, and river suspended sediments) of a small urbanized river catchment located in Moscow megacity. MMs partitioning between particle size fractions (PM₁₀₀₀, PM_1-10, and PM₁) was analyzed by ICP-MS and ICP-AES methods. The pollution level of particle size fractions with MMs decreases in the following series: road dust &gt; suspended sediments &gt; soils. Absolute principal component analysis with multiple linear regression (PCA/APCS-MLR) shows that in both relatively coarse (PM_1-10) and fine (PM₁) fractions, traffic emissions are the primary contributors to pollution, whereas natural sources are dominant providers of chemical elements in bulk samples (PM₁₀₀₀). The predominance of fractions with a diameter over 10 μm in all three studied compartments indicates that the mineral matrix of all compartments is formed predominantly by natural material. Across all compartments and their fractions, Sb, Cd, Zn, Mo, W, Sn, Cu, Pb, and Bi are consistently accumulated. PM₁ and PM_1-10 particles of road dust and suspended sediments also absorb Ni and Cr, suspended sediments retain Mn and As, and soils additionally accumulate As. Anthropogenic influence is more pronounced in PM₁ and PM_1-10 particles compared to bulk samples due to a large impact of industrial sources, traffic, construction activities, and waste storage. Polluted soils are an additional source of MMs to PM₁ and PM_1-10 of road dust and PM_1-10 of suspended sediments, and road dust acts as a source of MMs to PM_1-10 of soils.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Validation and Application of Satellite-Derived Formaldehyde Data for Assessing Photochemical Pollution in the Chinese Greater Bay Area","authors":"Yiming Zhao, Jiangyong Li, Hao Wang, Daocheng Gong, Qinqin Li, Dakang Wang, Jinnian Wang, Boguang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125553","url":null,"abstract":"Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a key player in photochemical processes and serves as a crucial precursor in the formation of hydroxyl radicals and ozone (O₃). While satellite observations can offer extensive spatiotemporal distributions of HCHO at both global and regional scales, the reliability of these satellite-derived HCHO measurements remains uncertain. In this study, we generated a five-year (June 2018 - May 2023) Level 3 HCHO dataset, by applying spatial averaging technique to the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) Level 2 data. We validated this dataset against ground-based HCHO and O₃ measurements collected from 12 sites across the Greater Bay Area (GBA) in China, a region known for severe photochemical pollution. Our results indicated that the Level 3 HCHO dataset significantly outperforms the Level 2 HCHO data in representing the spatial distribution (r &gt; 0.5) and temporal variation of surface HCHO. Moreover, Level 3 HCHO exhibited a stronger correlation (r &gt; 0.65) with surface O₃ compared to surface HCHO, particularly during periods of intense photochemical pollution. With reduced interference from primary HCHO emissions at the surface, Level 3 HCHO offers a more accurate representation of photochemical pollution. Additionally, the combination of Level 3 HCHO, ground-based measurements, and model simulations highlighted the central GBA as a persistent hotspot for photochemical pollution. Further analysis identified anthropogenic volatile organic compounds, especially those emitted from solvent use, as key contributors to the formation of photochemical pollution in the region. This study provides a more reliable satellite-derived HCHO dataset for the GBA and offers critical insights into the spatiotemporal variability and mitigation of surface O₃ in this heavily polluted area.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}