{"title":"An efficient knowledge-driven method for generating complex labels on geological maps","authors":"Yanggang Wang , Lirong Hao , Li Li , Xuezhou He","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geological labels play a pivotal role in communicating the age, lithology, and genesis of geological units on maps. In regions such as China and neighboring countries, complex labeling—featuring a mix of English, Greek letters, numerals, superscripts, and subscripts—is widely used but challenging to produce manually. This paper presents a novel, knowledge-driven method for the automatic generation of complex geological labels by integrating labeling principles with a structured Geological Label Knowledge Base (GLKB) and a Vector Space Model (VSM). The proposed method streamlines label formatting and placement within GIS environments, ensuring precision, consistency, and scalability. Case studies demonstrate significant improvements in efficiency—up to 99.9977 %—compared to manual methods. This approach offers a robust solution for enhancing geological map production at large scales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":310,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Modelling & Software","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 106640"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beatrice Richieri , Vianney Sivelle , Andreas Hartmann , David Labat , Muhammad Muniruzzaman , Gabriele Chiogna
{"title":"LuKARS 3.0: a high-performance computing software to model flow and transport processes in karst aquifers","authors":"Beatrice Richieri , Vianney Sivelle , Andreas Hartmann , David Labat , Muhammad Muniruzzaman , Gabriele Chiogna","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We introduce LuKARS 3.0, an optimized and flexible version of the LuKARS semi-distributed karst simulation model, designed for improved computational efficiency in discharge and reactive transport simulations. Code optimization and a flexible model structure enabled extensive sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. We demonstrate it with three applications. First, we tested the reduction in runtime, achieving a 420-fold decrease. Second, we implemented the Morris sensitivity analysis, producing results comparable to the active subspace method. Third, we performed combined structural and parametric uncertainty analyses revealing that increasing hydrotopes does not necessarily enhance model performance. Additionally, we couple LuKARS 3.0 with IPhreeqc to implement a solute transport model based on complete mixing. Results show that discharge performance metrics alone may not fully capture solute transport dynamics, highlighting the need for a multi-objective approach. These advancements make LuKARS 3.0 a powerful tool for large-scale karst hydrology studies, with future applications aimed at integrating chemical reactions and enhancing uncertainty analyses for water resource management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":310,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Modelling & Software","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 106642"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haw Yen , Vijayalakshmi S. Ponnambalam , Dennis C. Flanagan , Chris S. Renschler , Anurag Srivastava , Mark R. Williams
{"title":"WEPP-COMPARE: A web-based decision support system for comprehensive land management and soil erosion assessment","authors":"Haw Yen , Vijayalakshmi S. Ponnambalam , Dennis C. Flanagan , Chris S. Renschler , Anurag Srivastava , Mark R. Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) provides a robust process-based modeling framework since 1985 by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), applications could be fairly challenging for those who do not possess professional training. In 2013, the USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) initiated collaborations with the USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Purdue University, the University of Idaho, and Colorado State University to build an interface, dubbed WEPP-COMPARE (WEPP-Comprehensive Operation Management Practice Assessment and Rotation Engine). WEPP-COMPARE was developed to fulfill requirements as a web-based, spatial-distributed, and user-friendly decision support system that can be implemented to derive relevant and visualized soil erosion predictions for the entire United States. In addition, WEPP-COMPARE is available to the public and accessible anywhere at the county level in all 50 states and five major territories within a few minutes and doesn't require much knowledge of modeling or analytical data in advance. Wide varieties of long-term crop growth and conservation scenarios are ready to derive relevant and visualize outputs. Furthermore, a detailed list of management practices available for users to make decisions on crops to be planted to get maximum yield with corresponding soil loss map. One can take advantage of this tool and make timely preliminary comparisons before further investment of detailed investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":310,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Modelling & Software","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 106643"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andreas Angourakis , Jean-Philippe Baudouin , Cameron A. Petrie
{"title":"The Weather model (Indus Village): Procedural generation of daily weather for the simulation of small-scale socioecological systems","authors":"Andreas Angourakis , Jean-Philippe Baudouin , Cameron A. Petrie","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper describes the Weather model, a procedural generation model that creates realistic daily weather data. The Weather model generates synthetic weather time series (solar radiation, temperature, precipitation) using algorithms based on sinusoidal and double logistic functions, incorporating stochastic variation to mimic unpredictable weather patterns. It aims to provide realistic yet flexible weather inputs for exploring diverse climate scenarios. The model is implemented in NetLogo and R, offering a computationally efficient method to generate extensive weather data for socioecological simulations. We further discuss the caveats and advantages of the procedural approach over data-driven or mechanistic methods for simulating past climates in complex systems. The Weather model was designed as a component of the Indus Village model, which is a larger simulation framework studying the Indus Civilisation, but it can be used independently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":310,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Modelling & Software","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 106634"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative study of synthetic turbulence inflow approaches for air pollution simulation","authors":"Ehsan Ghane-Tehrani, Masoud Ziaei-Rad","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately modeling the turbulence characteristics of wind flow entering urban areas is essential for improving the reliability of air pollution simulations, particularly when utilizing the LES approach. In this study, the Consistent Discrete Random Flow Generation method was implemented within the OpenFOAM software and evaluated for the first time in the context of solving concentration equation. A comparison of four inlet boundary conditions was conducted using wind tunnel experimental data. It was found that CDRFG presents more accurate results than the other methods, with an average error of 18 %. Then, the performance of the method in a complex geometry was evaluated by comparison with both experimental data and field measurements. The simulation demonstrated a high degree of accuracy in predicting the average dimensionless concentration, showing a close match with the experimental results, with a mean error of 16 %, and with the field measurements, exhibiting a mean error of 37 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":310,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Modelling & Software","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 106639"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Framework for stochastic urban flood hazard mapping using coupled and industry-standard hydrologic and hydraulic models","authors":"Sayed Joinal Hossain Abedin , Bruce J. MacVicar","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flood hazard mapping based on deterministic models does not represent the uncertainties inherent in the methods. Tools to characterize this uncertainty using industry-standard hydrologic and hydraulic models are lacking. This research presents SWMM-RASpy, an open-access Python tool to stochastically sample and analyze flood inundation using the widely-used Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) for hydrology and the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) for channel hydraulics. Channel-floodplain hydraulics are represented in a two-dimensional, unsteady manner. The framework is tested in an urban watershed with stochastic sampling of flow roughness. For this watershed, it is shown that up to 4.5% more of the watershed and approximately double the number of buildings may be subject to flooding if roughness uncertainty is considered relative to a deterministic model. Flood hazard uncertainty is represented using an entropy map for clear communication, which could be used to improve flood risk management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":310,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Modelling & Software","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 106632"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144779661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinku Huang , Changxiu Cheng , Bin Li , Yang Gao , Ping Li , Jiawei Wan , Jadunandan Dash
{"title":"A flexible and efficient UNITID-based access control (UBAC) model for environmental monitoring data","authors":"Jinku Huang , Changxiu Cheng , Bin Li , Yang Gao , Ping Li , Jiawei Wan , Jadunandan Dash","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increasing deployment of equipment in field monitoring environments, managing the resulting data presents increasing challenges in terms of storage, organisation, visualisation, and role-based access control. Regulating management is crucial to ensure users can only view or interact with data relevant to their roles. This paper proposes a novel unit identification (UNITID)-based access control (UBAC) model to establish unique and precise relationships between users and data. This UBAC model enables centralised management of all data through a unified map service while supporting the dynamic extraction, organisation, and construction of virtual map services from a single data map. The UBAC model has been successfully implemented in software, and experimental results demonstrate its superiority over existing methods in terms of query simplicity and efficiency. In addition, the model proves highly effective in practical applications, with potential improvement in the efficiency and scalability of environmental monitoring data workflows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":310,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Modelling & Software","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 106638"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Loop then task: Hybridizing OpenMP parallelism to improve load balancing and memory efficiency in continental-scale longest flow path computation","authors":"Huidae Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a new OpenMP parallel algorithm for Memory-Efficient Longest Flow Path (MELFP) computation for large-scale hydrologic analysis. MELFP hybridizes loop-based and task-based parallelism to improve load balancing and eliminates intermediate read-write matrices to optimize memory usage. Its performance remained insensitive to the threshold parameter for switching from looping to tasking. Compared to the benchmark algorithm, MELFP achieved a 66<!--> <!-->% reduction in computation time while increasing CPU utilization by 33<!--> <!-->%. Its 79<!--> <!-->% lower peak memory usage enables processing larger datasets. These results suggest that MELFP is a fast and memory-efficient solution for longest flow path computations across a large number of watersheds, particularly in high-performance computing environments where rapid execution is prioritized over lower CPU utilization. MELFP’s additional ability to compute longest flow paths for individual subwatersheds provides added benefits for detailed and localized hydrologic modeling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":310,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Modelling & Software","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 106630"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan K. Frank , Thomas Suesse , Alexander Brenning
{"title":"An assessment of spatial random forests for environmental mapping: the case of groundwater nitrate concentration","authors":"Jonathan K. Frank , Thomas Suesse , Alexander Brenning","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Machine-learning models such as random forests (RF) and their spatial variants are increasingly popular in the regionalization of environmental contaminants. To date, no empirical comparison of spatial RF variants is available in this field.</div><div>The purpose of this study is to evaluate six spatial RF variants, benchmarking them against universal kriging (UK) and multiple linear regression (MLR). We empirically examine predictive performances over different prediction distances using the regionalization of nitrate concentrations in groundwater as a case study.</div><div>Differences among spatial RF variants were generally small. Over prediction distances shorter than the practical range of autocorrelation, spatial variants tended to achieve higher precisions than non-spatial RF and MLR. RF-OOB-OK that uses ordinary kriging predictions based on the out-of-bag error appeared as one of the more consistently well-performing methods.</div><div>Computationally tractable spatial RF variants can be considered viable alternatives to geostatistical regionalization methods in making spatial predictions of environmental contaminants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":310,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Modelling & Software","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 106626"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}