Sports medicine: research and practice最新文献

{"title":"Improving the indicators of schoolchildren’s adaptation to physical activity using an individual approach, taking into account the types of vegetative regulation","authors":"V. Gorelik, S. Filippova, N. Nazarenko","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.9","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: physiological substantiation of the physical activity selection based on the differences in the functional state of schoolchildren with different types of cardiovascular system autonomic regulation.Methods: 60 schoolchildren, 12 years old, were examined. The experimental group consisted of schoolchildren who were engaged in physical exercises for 6 months according to the developed individual typological program. Students in the control group followed the school programm. The assessment of the functional state was carried out by the method of “Express assessment of the physical health of schoolchildren” and the method of diagnosing indicators of heart rate variability.Results: at the beginning of the survey, the indicators in the experimental group and the control group were determined by the characteristics of 4 types of autonomic regulation: I, II, III, IV. Of these, I, II corresponded to the predominance of sympathetic-tonic destabilizing influences on the cardiovascular system, in IV parasympathetic influences prevailed, manifested in the asthenia of the functional state of students. Whereas type III refers to the physiological norm and manifested itself in the form of a balance of regulatory influences of the parts of the autonomic nervous system.Conclusions: at the control examination, the indicators of adaptation and health improved in all types of schoolchildren, while in the control group there was no positive dynamics of indicators of adaptation and health. This testifies to the effectiveness of individually typologically oriented classes at a physical education lesson as having a health-improving effect on schoolchildren.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122654919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the dynamics of erythrocyte parameters depending on the level of physical activity in adolescence","authors":"Y. Saranchina, M. B. Tyukpiekov, E. V. Matveeva","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"The object of the study: to study the dynamics of erythrocyte parameters in 2nd and 3rd year students with different levels of physical activity.Materials and methods: the venous blood of 56 students served as the material: 29 girls and 27 boys aged 18 to 22 years. With the help of a questionnaire, all the subjects were divided into 3 groups depending on the level of physical fitness (LPF). The red blood cells (RBC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), the concentration of hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), the mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), the red cell distribution of width (RDW) were determined.Results: the highest values of indicators HGB, RBC and HCT were observed in students with high LPF. The highest values were recorded of the MCV, MCH, MCHC and RDW With an average LPF. High values of HGB, RBC and HCT with high LPF and indicators of the MCV, MCHC and RDW with average LPF prevailed in the 2nd year. Young men had an increase in the values of HGB, RBC, HCT, MCH with low LPF and an increase in MCV and RDW at an average level in the 3rd year. Statistically significant differences were found between the 2nd and 3rd year girls in terms of RDW with an average LPF.Conclusion: with an increase in LPF, there is an increase in erythrocyte parameters. The dynamics of erythrocyte parameters depends on the level of physical activity, gender and the course of study.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127491720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant and animal protein for muscle mass and strength gains: a systematic review","authors":"A. Meshtel, P. D. Rybakova, A. Miroshnikov, V. Vybornov, A. G. Antonov, R. Khanferyan, M. Korosteleva","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Controversial approaches to studying the effect of proteins of various origins on the functional parameters of human skeletal muscles have led to the erroneous opinion that plant-based protein is a lesser stimulator of muscle mass growth and muscle strength than animal protein. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to actually evaluate the effects of plant and animal protein intake on muscle mass and strength through studies comparing protein supplements.Methods: Literature search was carried out in the databases PubMed, Research Gate and the database of the Russian State Library. Studies were considered both in English and in Russian, over the past 20 years, filtered by date: from July 2002 to July 2022. Inclusion Criteria: Participants are healthy men and women over 18 years of age; taking protein supplements from plant products (soy, wheat, pea, rice, etc.); comparison with a group taking protein supplements from animal products (whey, beef, egg, etc.); studies assessed lean and/or muscle mass and assessed participants' muscle strength before and after supplementation; randomized controlled trial.Results: A total of 970 studies were found. After initial screening for title and abstract, 938 studies were excluded. Of the 32 publications selected, 5 duplicates were excluded, and after a secondary selection, 18 studies that did not meet the PICOS criteria were excluded. As a result of the search and selection, the review included 9 publications.Conclusions: Athletes and active individuals who prefer to consume plant-based protein products may not be inferior in terms of muscle strength and muscle mass to those athletes who prefer animal-based protein products. To further explore this topic, more randomized controlled trials should be conducted, taking into account the requirements for standardization and with a large number of participants.Registration: PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022345245","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116561969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the psychophysiological and functional state of basketball students in the pre-competition period","authors":"S. M. Ryabtsev, T. A. Zhmurova","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to assess the psychophysiological and functional state of the body of basketball students in the pre-competition period.Materials and methods: the study involved female basketball students with a sports category (girls, n = 18) in the pre-competition period. The article presents an analysis of the results of the psychophysiological and functional state of the body of the examined, obtained through the use of complex control using psychodiagnostic and functional research methods.Results: indicators of psychodiagnostic techniques characterize the insufficient development of the studied properties of attention for those engaged in playing sports and the fitness of the functional abilities of the leading hand of basketball players. The revealed data of the tapping test correspond to the criterion of the lower limit of optimal performance, which causes insufficient physical readiness for competitive activity. The obtained results of temporal and spectral indicators of heart rate variability were not typical for students engaged in playing sports, which causes an increase in the degree of tension of regulatory systems and characterizes the development of fatigue in the pre-competition period of the surveyed athletes. The use of the spirometric method determined the discrepancy between the results obtained and the proper values characteristic of the weight and height parameters of the subjects, which indicates violations of the ventilatory function of the lungs and reduced respiratory musculature capabilities of basketball students.Conclusion: the analysis of the obtained data on the psychophysiological and functional state of the body of basketball students in the pre-competition period determines the need to build a training process with the inclusion of psychological and pedagogical training aimed at expanding the physiological reserves of functional systems, improving the psychomotor properties of the body that determine the success of competitive activity and increasing the share of training effects aimed at improving the quality of strength endurance.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132572048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postural balance strategies for experienced rhythmic gymnasts in two-legged stands","authors":"L. A. Konovalova, R. Vasiljev, L. G. Lysenko","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to find out the indicators of the distribution of plantar pressure in the two-legged stands with open and closed eyes in experienced rhythmic gymnasts.Materials and methods: 31 highly qualified gymnasts (candidates and masters of sports of Russia), age 18.5 ± 0.5 years, experience in rhythmic gymnastics 13.5 ± 1.5, performed three upright postures on the footscan ® podometric platform of RSscan: the main stand, a modified Romberg test with open and closed eyes. Postural control was assessed by quantifying the plantar pressure (P%) in relation to 4 zones of the right and left foot and the trajectory of the movement of the center of pressure (CP) over time intervals.Results: The results of the study showed the presence of a right-sided distribution of plantar pressure in two-legged stands in experienced gymnasts. The regulation of posture occurs mainly in the anterior-posterior direction, but has different strategies for managing balance. The sagittal-cross pattern determines the interaction of plantar pressure between the right and left feet in the basic pose. The Romberg test with open eyes (EO) and closed eyes (EC) characterizes sagittal-parallel and sagittal-asymmetric balance, respectively. We revealed an increase in the vibrations of the gymnast's body in the absence of visual information for only the first 12 seconds.Conclusions: We have identified a variety of combinations of two types of strategies while maintaining posture in simple poses. This indicates the ability of experienced gymnasts to fine-tune the postural stability, including in the absence of visual information.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131030954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood fluidity during physical exertion of various types","authors":"M. Grigorjeva, S. Sorokoletov, A. V. Korobovsky, L. Lyapina","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents data from the literature and own results on the study of blood fluidity (or rheological properties) when performing physical exercises. It is shown that the rheology of blood depends on the functional state of the haemostasis system. It has been established that in the physiological state of the organism, physical exertion of any strength can lead to changes in the reactions of primary and plasma haemostasis and, accordingly, the rheological properties of blood. The review describes the study of factors related to blood flow in humans and animals before and after physical exercise (running, swimming, etc.) in the normal physiological state of the organism, with overstrain and with certain types of pathology (cardiovascular and metabolic diseases). Data on blood flow in conditions of physical activity restriction are presented. Special attention is paid to the corrective role of physical exercises on the rheology (fluidity) of blood in violation of homeostasis of the organism. Possible mechanisms of action of physical exertion on blood flow are considered.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115429155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the effectiveness of countering doping in sports in the framework of medical and biological support for athletes of national teams","authors":"A. A. Derevoedov, A. Zholinsky, V. Feshchenko, I. Vykhodets, A. Pavlova","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: analysis of the effectiveness of combating doping in sports in the process of medical and biological support of athletes forming the national teams of the Russian Federation, and determining its ways.Materials and methods: based on the reports of anti-doping organizations for 2017–2022, sociological studies of the prevalence of doping in sports and therapeutic use structures, a retrospective analysis of the dynamics of the main indicators reflecting the directions of various doping encounters was carried out.Results: a significant discrepancy was revealed between the assessment of the prevalence of anti-doping rule violations based on the results of sociological surveys and the results of laboratory anti-doping studies.A significant positive dynamic of approval of therapeutic use exemptions, which allowed doubling the share of positive decisions of anti-doping organizations is shown.The main directions of improving anti-doping work in the process of carrying out medical and biological support measures are determined.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132386903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rationality of using DNA diagnostics in sports cardiology","authors":"A. I. Kadykova, A. Zholinsky, R. Deev","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"NGS is becoming an integral part of medical practice, including in cardiology. The role of genes in the formation of diseases of the cardiovascular system has been actively studied for the last 20 years. Currently, heart diseases with a hereditary component are usually divided into two large groups: monogenic syndromes that lead to an unfavorable outcome, including sudden cardiac death at a young age, and polygenic conditions that manifest after 35 years and are accompanied by deterioration in the quality of life. In professional sports, changes in the myocardium are almost inevitable, however, the first phenotypic signs of hereditary myocardial disease may be hidden behind adaptive changes, which are commonly called “athlete’s heart”. The carriage of causative genes radically changes the approach to the management of an athlete: his admission to training and competitive activities is reviewed, the volume of permissible load and the frequency of visits to a cardiologist are discussed. In this paper, we tried to identify clinical markers — «red flags» that would indicate the need for genetic testing on the example of athletes who underwent an in-depth medical examination in 2021–2022.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116196663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Somatotypological characteristics of athletes of various sports","authors":"K. Vybornaya","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: currently, many researchers are evaluating the morphological parameters of athletes in order to determine the morphofunctional status, which is only a small part of a comprehensive survey devoted, for example, to assessing nutrition or sports achievements. However, the primary task of sports morphology remains the search for “preferred” or “reference” somatotypes characteristic of a particular sport, since the key to sports success is not only the most effective fitness and endurance, but also the morphological status characteristic of a particular sport (anthropometric indicators, body composition and somatotypological profile).Purpose of the study: to summarize the data available to date, based on the results of original studies related to sports somatotypology.Materials and methods: to solve the tasks set, an analysis of the scientific and methodological literature devoted to the somatotypological characteristics of athletes of various groups and sports was used. 29 literature sources were analyzed, the data of literary (15) and own (14) studies on the problem of sports somatotypology were summarized.Results: the summary tables contain the somatotypological characteristics of athletes according to the time periods of work on determining the somatotypological profile of athletes. Table 1 presents the results of examinations by Mrtirosov Eduard Georgievich, a leading specialist in the field of functional and sports morphology, whose research dates back to the 1980s — 2000s. Table 2 contains a few results of studies conducted over the past 10 years, in which, as in the studies of Martirosov E.G., emphasis was placed on an integrated approach to assessing the physical development of athletes. Table 3 shows the result of studies carried out as part of the work of the Laboratory of Sports Anthropology and Nutrition (since January 2022 — the Laboratory of Anthroponutriology and Sports Nutrition) of the Federal State Budgetary Institution \"Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology\" from 2018 to 2021, affecting some groups of sports, with the aim of determining the dynamics of the components of the somatotype of athletes depending on gender, age, sport, weight category, as well as playing roles.  ","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128008407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of the use of various methods of shock wave therapy in the complex treatment of athletes with lateral epicondylitis","authors":"M. Ivanov, A. Samoylov, V. Pustovoyt","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of various methods of shock wave therapy in the complex treatment of athletes with lateral epicondylitis.Materials and methods: the study involved 122 people. with a diagnosis of Lateral epicondylitis, aged 20 to 45 years, of which 55 (45.1 %) women and 67 (54.9 %) men. All patients were divided into 4 groups: a control group, which included 28 people who underwent standard treatment, and 3 groups, a total of 94 people, who underwent shock wave procedures using various methods against the background of standard treatment. The examination included the collection of complaints, anamnesis, physical examination, assessment of the function of the upper limb using the QuickDASH questionnaire, assessment of tennis elbow using the PRTEE questionnaire, carpal dynamometry was performed on a MEGEON-34090 dynamometer, and statistical methods. All studies were conducted before, after treatment, as well as after 3 weeks and 1 month. after treatment.Results: shockwave therapy applied to tendons, flexors of the hand, and triceps brachii outperformed shockwaves to tendons or tendons and flexors of the hand in terms of Upper Limb Functional Activity (DASH) (p < 0,05) and score tennis elbow (PRTEE) (p < 0,05) after 3 weeks and after 1 month after treatment.Conclusion: reducing the severity of pain syndrome and functional disorders of the upper limb when performing various types of activities, when conducting shock wave therapy on the area of the tendons, flexor muscles of the hand and the triceps muscle of the shoulder indicates a faster recovery of the functions of the upper limb, which is especially important for athletes.  ","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128357409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}