Environment International最新文献

{"title":"A paradigm shift: Low-cost sensors for effective air quality monitoring and management in developing countries","authors":"Muneeba Shabbir ,&nbsp;Talha Saeed ,&nbsp;Ahmad Saleem ,&nbsp;Parkash Bhave ,&nbsp;Mike Bergin ,&nbsp;Muhammad Fahim Khokhar","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study gives an overview of the air quality monitoring challenges faced by South Asian countries, with a specific focus on Pakistan, and explores the potential application of low-cost sensors (LCS) to address these issues. Currently, 89% of the 4.2 million premature global deaths attributable to ambient air pollution occur in low- and middle-income countries, underscoring the urgent need for improved monitoring and abatement measures. In Pakistan, these challenges result in significant public health and economic consequences due to institutional and financial constraints, limited data availability, and transboundary pollution. The situation is exacerbated by the absence of an effective air quality regulatory network. This study proposes a shift by establishing a hybrid monitoring network that integrates conventional regulatory instruments with LCS. The current PM_2.5 pollution scenario in major Pakistani cities is analyzed using data from 61 LCSs installed nationwide, with one TSI BlueSky sensor validated against a regulatory BAM (Beta Attenuation Monitor) in Chakwal. Results show that the unadjusted BlueSky values demonstrate a strong correlation (Pearson correlation 0.85) with the reference BAM instrument, with acceptable error margins (NRMSE and NMAE of 8% and 6%, respectively), indicating the sensor’s potential for reliable monitoring. Though adjusted values aligned better, the analysis focuses on unadjusted data for broader applicability. These findings suggest that combining LCSs with advanced data analytics can serve as a technically and economically viable solution for accurate air quality monitoring and effective management in Pakistan and other developing countries facing similar high PM_2.5 concentrations. This paradigm shift enhances monitoring capabilities and supports informed policy-making and public health initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 109521"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residential exposure to noise, green space, and children’s language acquisition","authors":"Xing Yu ,&nbsp;Ingrid Jarvis ,&nbsp;Matilda van den Bosch ,&nbsp;Martin Guhn ,&nbsp;Hind Sbihi ,&nbsp;Hugh Davies","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Noise pollution has been linked to impaired development in a variety of language-related skills in laboratory settings. While studies have focused on school environments, residential noise exposure’s impact remains underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used multilevel regression models to examine the association between noise exposure measured using deterministic noise modelling and language development in kindergarten-aged children in Vancouver, Canada, between April 1, 2000 and December 31, 2005, measured through a questionnaire completed by kindergarten teachers (the Early Development Instrument). The models were adjusted for median income level and English as a Secondary Language (ESL) status, as well as random effects on teachers, and we explored the potential interaction effects of greenness, measured using satellite imagery.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 33,153 children for which there were data on noise exposure and indicators of language development. The mean noise level was 63.5 dB(A), and the mean percentage of greenness within a 250-meter radius buffer zone was 31.8 %. We found that an increase in residential exposure to noise independently increased the odds of not meeting developmental expectations in basic literacy (OR: 1.18, 95 % CI: 1.12–1.25), advanced literacy (OR: 1.11, 95 % CI: 1.07–1.16), and communication and general knowledge (OR: 1.10, 95 % CI: 1.06–1.14). Greenness was found to have interaction effects with basic and advanced literacy skills in noisy environment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study found residential exposure to noise was associated with poorer language development outcomes, with interaction effects of greenness observed in literacy skills. Future studies should also examine the long-term effects of residential exposure to noise on language development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 109524"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the link between grandmaternal air pollution exposure and Grandchild’s ASD risk: A multigenerational population-based study in California","authors":"Karl O’Sharkey ,&nbsp;Ting Chow ,&nbsp;Sanjali Mitra ,&nbsp;Laura Thompson ,&nbsp;Jason Su ,&nbsp;Myles Cockburn ,&nbsp;Zeyan Liew ,&nbsp;Beate Ritz","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing prevalence. While genetics play a strong causal role, among environmental factors, air pollution (AP) exposure in pregnancy and infancy has been strongly endorsed as a risk factor. However, potential multigenerational impacts through the exposure of the grandmother during her pregnancy remain unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a multigenerational, population-based cohort from California spanning three decades (1990–2019), we examined the association between grandmother’s gestational AP exposure (PM_2.5, NO₂, O₃) and ASD risk in grandchildren using logistic regression per 1-IQR unit increase, adjusting for maternal exposure in pregnancy or infant’s exposure in the first year of life. We used continuous AP exposure as well as a categorical variable representing high and/or low (above or below median) exposure levels for both the grandmaternal and maternal pregnancies. Pregnancy and first year of life AP exposures were assigned using a land-use regression model with advanced machine-learning approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We observed associations between PM_2.5 (OR = 1.07, 95 % CI: 1.05, 1.10) and NO₂ (OR = 1.09, 95 % CI: 1.05, 1.13) exposure during the grandmaternal pregnancy and increased ASD risk in the grandchild. However, only for PM_2.5 did the increased effect estimates persist after adjusting for maternal pregnancy exposure (OR = 1.05; 95 % CI: 1.02, 1.08). High compared to low exposures in both grandmaternal and maternal pregnancies to PM_2.5 (OR = 1.16, 95 % CI: 1.11, 1.23) and NO₂ (OR = 1.12, 95 % CI: 1.06, 1.17) showed the strongest joint effects for ASD in the grandchild.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Multigenerational exposure to air pollution, particularly PM_2.5 exposure in grandmaternal pregnancy, may influence ASD risk. Our study also suggests that ASD risk due to air pollution may be compounded by multigenerational exposures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 109526"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary intake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and breast cancer risk: Evidence from the French E3N-Generations prospective cohort","authors":"Amina Amadou ,&nbsp;Delphine Praud ,&nbsp;Chloé Marques ,&nbsp;Hwayoung Noh ,&nbsp;Pauline Frenoy ,&nbsp;Arnaud Vigneron ,&nbsp;Thomas Coudon ,&nbsp;Floriane Deygas ,&nbsp;Gianluca Severi ,&nbsp;Béatrice Fervers ,&nbsp;Francesca Romana Mancini","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While there is compelling evidence of the association between occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and risk of breast cancer (BC), findings on PAH dietary exposure are less consistent. The present study aims to evaluate the association between PAH dietary intake and BC risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included 67,879 women who completed a validated semi-quantitative dietary questionnaire (208 food items) from the E3N-Generations cohort study. PAH dietary intake was estimated by combining E3N food consumption data with food contamination levels obtained from the second French total diet study (TDS2). Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between PAH dietary intake (sum of four PAHs (PAH₄) namely benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), chrysene (CHR), benzo[a]anthracene (BaA) and benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF)) and BC risk. Additionally, BaP, a surrogate for total PAHs, was investigated as the second exposure variable.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After an average follow-up of 17.6 years, 5,686 incident BC were diagnosed. Overall, the estimated HRs for the associations between each quintile of PAH₄ and BC risk, taking the first quintile as reference, were all greater than 1, but were statistically significant only for the third quintile (HR_{Q3 vs Q1} = 1.10; CI: 1.01–1.20). By estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) hormone receptor status, we observed a positive association between PAH₄ dietary intake and ER-PR- BC (HR_{Q4 vs Q1} = 1.34; CI: 1.01–1.76). Moreover, there was a borderline positive association with BaP, for the second (HR_{Q2 vs Q1} = 1.08; CI: 0.99–1.17) and third (HR_{Q3 vs Q1} = 1.07; CI: 0.98–1.16) quintiles.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study supports a relationship between PAH₄ dietary intake and BC risk, notably with a non-linear trend. A positive but marginal association was observed between BaP dietary intake and BC risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 109505"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of contaminants of emerging concern in surface waters (rivers and lake) from Peru: Occurrence and environmental risk assessment","authors":"Jessica I. Nieto-Juárez ,&nbsp;Noelia R. Sarzosa-Cano ,&nbsp;Efraím A. Serna-Galvis ,&nbsp;Ricardo A. Torres-Palma ,&nbsp;David Fabregat-Safont ,&nbsp;Ana M. Botero-Coy ,&nbsp;Félix Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study represents one of the first efforts to investigate the presence and environmental risk of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in surface water of the main watersheds of the Department of Lima (Rímac River, Chillón River, and Lurin River), Department of Arequipa (Chili-Quilca-Vítor River, Cámana-Majes River, and Tambo River), and Department of Puno (Lake Titicaca) from Peru. Water samples were collected during two sampling campaigns (June and September-October 2023) in Lima and Arequipa, and one sampling campaign (April-May 2023) in Puno. A strategy combining qualitative and quantitative analysis of CECs was applied, based on liquid chromatography coupled to ion mobility-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-IMS-HRMS) and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), respectively. A total of 16 pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) and other compounds (sweeteners, stimulants, UV filters, and preservatives) and 16 metabolites were identified by LC-IMS-HRMS with a high level of confidence, in addition to the 39 target PhACs quantified by LC-MS/MS. The watersheds of Lima showed the highest pollution in terms of the number of pharmaceuticals and concentration levels compared to the watersheds of Arequipa and Lake Titicaca (Puno), with antibiotics persisting from the upper watersheds to the lower watersheds in the rivers and the lake. For the environmental risk assessment, five different scenarios were considered depending on the water uses/destinations, and the multicriteria scoring method allowed to identification of relevant/concerning PhACs. Azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, flumequine, trimethoprim, diclofenac, acetaminophen, losartan, valsartan, atorvastatin and metabolite <em>O</em>-desmethyl venlafaxine posed a high level of risk/concern. This information will facilitate the design of a Watch List for CECs, with future monitoring programs and environment risk assessments to protect vulnerable areas most affected by anthropogenic pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 109522"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between airborne pollen, pollen-related allergic rhinitis and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Alexandra Bürgler, Sarah Glick, Axel Luyten, Shihua Shi, Marloes Eeftens","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109517","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;Allergic rhinitis (AR) due to pollen affects an estimated 18% of adults globally, but is often trivialized. While there is evidence for an association between high pollen exposure and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, as well as multiple plausible mechanisms suggesting pathways via blood pressure (BP) elevation, no overview exists to date. This systematic review and &lt;em&gt;meta&lt;/em&gt;-analysis aims to investigate whether 1) pollen-related AR and 2) exposure to airborne pollen are associated with BP and/or hypertension. We further evaluated which personal characteristics may modify a potential association and identified research gaps.&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;We searched the PubMed, ScienceDirect, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases and systematically reviewed studies focusing on human populations published between 1 January 1990 and 20 September 2023 that presented data on the association between pollen-related AR or pollen exposure and BP or hypertension. We assessed the risk of bias with a customized version of the Risk of Bias tool by the Office of Health Assessment and Translation of the National Toxicology Program (OHAT), conducted random effects &lt;em&gt;meta&lt;/em&gt;-analyses of comparable studies and assessed the certainty of evidence according to OHAT recommendations. We carried out sensitivity analyses, excluding studies with a high bias rating.&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;We identified 24 studies, ranging in sample size from 41 to 9′548′939 participants. Of these, 23 had a cross-sectional design, and the remaining article included both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Investigated exposures were binary pollen-related AR status (23 studies) and within and outside of pollen season (one study), but no study investigated measured pollen exposure (zero studies). Around half of the studies (13/24) were afflicted with high selection and confounding bias. Data from 22 studies using pollen-related AR status as exposure could be included in &lt;em&gt;meta&lt;/em&gt;-analysis, to which eleven studies contributed hypertension data, four studies BP data, and seven studies both. In &lt;em&gt;meta&lt;/em&gt;-analysis, we found adjusted odds ratios of 1.16 (95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.91, 1.47) for hypertension and mean differences of 0.99 (95 % CI: −0.09, 2.07) and 0.40 (95 % CI: −0.41, 1.21) for adjusted systolic and diastolic BP, respectively. Results for crude pooled &lt;em&gt;meta&lt;/em&gt;-estimates were similar, and none showed statistically significant differences. We rated the overall certainty in the evidence as very low, mainly due to cross-sectional designs, selection and confounding bias and indirectness of exposure.&lt;h3&gt;Discussion&lt;/h3&gt;This review shows that there is insufficient evidence to decide whether pollen-related AR is associated with BP or hypertension to date, and therefore does not support a clear mediating role of BP in the relationship between pollen allergy and cardiovascular events. Studies that 1) investigate BP or hypertension as the main outcome and pr","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hurricanes and turbulent floods threaten arsenic-contaminated coastal soils and vulnerable communities","authors":"Layla N. Izadi, Amin Tamadoni, Matthew G. Siebecker, Piyapas Sricharoenvech, Matheus S.C. Barreto, Matthew H.H. Fischel, Ryan Tappero, Donald L. Sparks","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109479","url":null,"abstract":"Coastal environments, particularly those adjacent to Superfund sites, are at increased risk of contaminant release during natural disasters, posing serious threats to nearby communities. To investigate this issue, we employed an advanced laboratory flood simulator to impose arsenic-contaminated sediments to turbulent flooding events. We further monitored changes in arsenic collocation and solid-phase speciation using advanced synchrotron radiation-based techniques to understand the impacts of flooding on arsenic mobility. Our results demonstrate that turbulent conditions significantly enhance the resuspension of arsenic-rich sediments, resulting in increased arsenic release into the water. This mobilization is driven by the erosion of the reduced sediments and the redox-mediated transformation and dissolution of Fe and Mn (oxyhydr) oxides, which promote the release of As(III). We found that arsenic speciation on resuspended particles is closely tied to shear stress, with As(V) prevailing at low stress and the more toxic As(III) dominating at higher stress levels. In the post-erosion phase, solid-phase As(III) decreased while dissolved As(III) increased, indicating ongoing desorption. The persistence of multiple arsenic species on resuspended particles marks them as potential long-range transport vectors. Thus, the environmental impact of flooding and sediment resuspension extends beyond the event itself, raising longer-term concerns for arsenic mobility. Our comprehensive geospatial analysis revealed substantial overlap between arsenic-contaminated soils and regions at high risk of flooding and hurricanes across the conterminous United States. This overlap disproportionately impacts economically disadvantaged and marginalized communities. Approximately 40 million Americans reside within 10 kilometers of these high-risk contaminated zones, with nearly 28 million exposed to hurricane threats and around 18 million vulnerable to flooding risks. Alarmingly, over 40% of those affected by hurricanes and 33% of those impacted by flooding belong to underrepresented minority and low-income populations. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted mitigation strategies to protect public health and address environmental justice concerns.","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal variations and inequalities in global traffic-sourced PM2.5 exposure","authors":"Pei Yu ,&nbsp;Rongbin Xu ,&nbsp;Yiwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Tingting Ye ,&nbsp;Wenhua Yu ,&nbsp;Gongbo Chen ,&nbsp;Bo Wen ,&nbsp;Xu Yue ,&nbsp;Shanshan Li ,&nbsp;Yuming Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traffic emission is a major source of ambient fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM_2.5) pollution. However, little is known about the global population exposure to traffic-sourced PM_2.5 at high spatiotemporal resolutions. This study, utilizing chemical transport and machine learning models, estimated global daily traffic-sourced PM_2.5 at a 0.25° × 0.25° spatial resolution during 2000–2019. The results showed that global population-weighted average traffic-sourced PM_2.5 concentrations increased, aligning with the trend in total PM_2.5 concentrations, rising from 5.8 µg/m³ (contributing to 15.3 % of global total PM_2.5) in 2000–2009 to 6.6 µg/m³ (16.4 % of total PM_2.5) in 2010–2019. Our analysis showed that the increasing trend of traffic-sourced PM_2.5 contributed 36.0 % to the global increasing trend of total PM_2.5. The increasing traffic-sourced PM_2.5 were primarily in Asia, while Europe, North America, and Oceania experienced decreasing trends. Higher concentrations or proportions of traffic-sourced PM_2.5 generally occur during colder months, especially in Asia, and in countries with higher socioeconomic levels. The top ten countries with the highest traffic PM_2.5 proportion in both decades are all high-income countries. Inequalities existed both between and within countries/territories assessed by the Gini index. Compared to total PM_2.5 exposure, traffic-sourced PM_2.5 exposure demonstrated greater inequalities at the global level, within and between countries. Our study provides essential data for identifying high-risk traffic-related PM_2.5 exposure areas, assessing regional pollution control effectiveness, exploring health impacts, and promoting environmental justice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109492"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traffic-related diesel pollution particles impair the lysosomal functions of human iPSC-derived microglia","authors":"Sohvi Ohtonen ,&nbsp;Henna Jäntti ,&nbsp;Luca Giudice ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mohamed ,&nbsp;Anastasia Shakirzyanova ,&nbsp;Táňa Závodná ,&nbsp;Ilya Belevich ,&nbsp;Hong Yan ,&nbsp;Angélica María Sabogal-Guáqueta ,&nbsp;Liudmila Saveleva ,&nbsp;Mari-Anna Väänänen ,&nbsp;Ashley Rillo-Albert ,&nbsp;Elisa Perciballi ,&nbsp;Daniela Ferrari ,&nbsp;Minna-Mari Tervo ,&nbsp;Mireia Gómez-Budia ,&nbsp;Zdeněk Krejčík ,&nbsp;Päivi Aakko-Saksa ,&nbsp;Jari Koistinaho ,&nbsp;Šárka Lehtonen ,&nbsp;Tarja Malm","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to air pollution is associated with neurological diseases. Traffic is a major source of air pollution, consisting of a complex mixture of ultrafine particles, that can invade the brain and induce a microglia-mediated inflammatory response. However, the exact mechanisms of how traffic-related particles impact human microglia remain poorly understood.</div><div>This study investigates the effects of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) on human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia-like cells (iMGL). We exposed iMGLs to three different DEPs and studied the impact on the iMGL transcriptome and functionality, focusing on cytokine secretion, mitochondrial respiration, lysosomal function, and phagocytosis. A20 particles were collected from a heavy-duty engine run with petroleum diesel. For A0, the same engine was run with renewable diesel. E6 was produced with a modern 2019 model diesel passenger car run with renewable diesel. RNAseq revealed activation of the cytokine storm pathway and inhibition of the autophagy pathway in iMGLs after exposure to particles derived from older diesel emission technology (A20, A0). Particles from the modern diesel engine technology (E6) did not alter microglial transcriptome after 24 h exposure. A20 and A0 exposure led to impaired lysosomal functions in iMGLs. In contrast, E6 did not cause major alterations in microglia functions. In addition, we show that response to particles is more pronounced in human iMGLs compared to mouse primary microglia.</div><div>To conclude, particles from older emission technology impair phago-lysosomal functions of iMGLs, but modern alternatives with filtration do not induce drastic changes in the functionality of iMGLs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109467"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143910097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the evolution and global transmission of high level tigecycline resistance gene tet(X)","authors":"Chaoqun Yao ,&nbsp;Longyang Jin ,&nbsp;Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Meng Wang ,&nbsp;Ruobing Wang ,&nbsp;Meng Cai ,&nbsp;Kaiwen Song ,&nbsp;Hui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An increasing number of <em>tet</em>(X) variants conferring tigecycline resistance have been reported, posing a threat to clinical treatment of multi-drug resistance bacteria as tigecycline serves as the last-resort antibiotic. In this study, a total of 721 <em>tet</em>(X)-like sequences were retrieved from public database and clinical isolates. All currently known <em>tet</em>(X) variants including newly identified variants <em>tet</em>(X49) to <em>tet</em>(X57) in our study were integrated into a database. <em>tet</em>(X) variants were detected in 17 countries and phylogenetically classified into 3 types: Type A, Type B and Type C, among which Type-C variants exhibited higher level tigecycline resistance. Most of Type-C variants were plasmid-mediated (65.31 %, 352/539), mainly carried by IncX1 (16.19 %, 57/352) and IncFIA/IncFIB/IncX1 (15.63 %, 55/352) plasmids. Type-C variants have achieved global spread by a two-stage expansion within 15 years. Bayesian analysis revealed that Type-C variants originated from <em>Riemerella anatipestifer</em>-carried Type-A variants, followed by a transfer to <em>Escherichia</em> and <em>Acinetobacter</em> strains, leading to a sharp rise of Type-C variants. Type-A variants were primarily borne in <em>Riemerella anatipestifer</em> and <em>Bacteroides</em> spp. <em>tet</em>(X) emerged in animal source, and gradually spread to humans and the environment. <em>tet</em>(X3), <em>tet</em>(X4) and <em>tet</em>(X6) were found co-occurred with more than ten antimicrobial resistance genes including <em>bla</em>_NDM, <em>bla</em>_OXA, <em>floR</em>, <em>sul2</em>, <em>tet</em>(M) and <em>tet</em>(Q). Temporal changes of transfer networks of <em>tet</em>(X) variants, IS elements and plasmids revealed that IS elements especially IS<em>Vsa3</em> facilitated the expansion of <em>tet</em>(X). Our findings highlight the substantial transmission risk of Type-C <em>tet</em>(X) variants. Persistent surveillance of the global transmission and evolutionary trend of <em>tet</em>(X) is essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109499"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}