Environment International最新文献

{"title":"Toxicogenomic signatures in zebrafish embryos provide a resource for mode-of-action-informed ecotoxic hazard screening","authors":"Fatma Marghany,&nbsp;Hannes Reinwald,&nbsp;Cimin Kalali,&nbsp;Julia Alvincz,&nbsp;Pragya Thapaliya,&nbsp;Jule Bäcker,&nbsp;Fabian Essfeld,&nbsp;Christoph Schäfers,&nbsp;Henner Hollert,&nbsp;Sebastian Eilebrecht","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depending on their application, chemicals may enter the environment and exert harmful effects on organisms, necessitating environmental hazard assessment (EHA) as part of most approval processes. However, the increasing number of chemicals and the substantial resources required for EHA − in terms of time, cost, and animal use − pose major challenges for legacy and future chemical management. Here, we employ toxicogenomic profiling in the 3R-compliant zebrafish embryo model to explore candidate molecular signatures that may support mode of action (MoA)-informed hazard screening. Using data from published studies and data newly collected in this study, a total of 32 substances representing 19 distinct MoA were analyzed using differential gene expression analysis, followed by random forest-based identification of candidate MoA-associated gene-expression signatures, biological processes following gene set enrichment analysis and Connectivity Mapping (CMap). The resulting publicly available dataset provides a foundation for pre-regulatory hazard screening and substance prioritization, contributing to the development of resource-efficient and animal-reduced approaches for EHA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 110544"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149085244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentally relevant antibiotic exposure in school-age children: unraveling socio-dietary drivers in a multi-ethnic region of Northwest China","authors":"Yijing Zhang,&nbsp;Yangyi Zhang,&nbsp;Yonggang Lv,&nbsp;Lu Yin,&nbsp;Menglu Wang,&nbsp;Cheng Ma,&nbsp;Jiayi Hao,&nbsp;Li Gao,&nbsp;Shengqiang Hei,&nbsp;Xiaotu Liu,&nbsp;Dengchao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While existing biomonitoring studies have extensively characterized the prevalence of antibiotic exposure, the complex sociodemographic and behavioral determinants underlying individual exposure profiles remain insufficiently understood. This study addressed the important research gap by examining antibiotic exposure in a distinctive socio-cultural setting—the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China. We analyzed urinary concentrations of 22 antibiotics from four classes (tetracyclines, sulfonamides, macrolides, and fluoroquinolones) and one additional synthetic antibacterial agent in a cohort of 295 children in 2024. A brief food-frequency survey was concurrently administered to evaluate the nutritional preferences of children. The results revealed extensive exposure to antimicrobial agents, with 55.4% of the participants exhibiting measurable traces of at least one target antimicrobial compound. Detection frequencies for individual compounds ranged from 0.7% to 26.4%. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that specific dietary habits were associated with increased odds of antibiotic detection; notably, after false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment, frequent consumption of white meat and eggs was significantly associated with higher detection odds for tetracyclines (OR = 2.54) and fluoroquinolones (OR = 2.96), respectively. Health risk assessment based on the hazard index (HI) and hazard quotient indicated that 9.15% of the children had HI values exceeding 1. Ciprofloxacin was the primary contributor to HI, with hazard quotient values exceeding 1 detected in 2.71% of children. Overall, this biomonitoring study indicates frequent internal exposure to environmentally relevant antibiotics among school-age children in this region, underscoring the need for further multi-pathway exposure assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 110550"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149101692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sub‑chronic PFOA exposure at human‑relevant increasing doses in male mice: Role of stress‑induced gut barrier disruption in shaping intestinal and hepatic responses under high-dose conditions","authors":"Anaïs Bodon,&nbsp;Rémi Dagès,&nbsp;Valérie Bézirard,&nbsp;Elodie Person,&nbsp;Charlotte B.A. Stoffels,&nbsp;Núria Solà Tapias,&nbsp;Sandrine Bruel,&nbsp;Cécile Canlet,&nbsp;Marie Tremblay-Franco,&nbsp;Bruno Sovran,&nbsp;Laila Mselli-Lakhal,&nbsp;Jean-Nicolas Audinot,&nbsp;Nicolas Cabaton,&nbsp;Hervé Robert,&nbsp;Muriel Mercier-Bonin","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In humans, dietary intake is thought to be the main route of exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). The gastrointestinal tract is the primary entry point for this highly persistent and bioaccumulative environmental pollutant; however, its fate and effects within the digestive system remain largely unknown. Combining biology-based approaches with mass-spectrometry chemical imaging, our study investigated the impact of 90-day oral exposure to PFOA at a dose relevant to highly exposed human populations on an intact versus stress-impaired gut barrier in adult male mice. A ten-day corticosterone treatment was used to develop an intestinal hyperpermeability model. Unlike this model, exposure to PFOA at 15,000 ng/kg body weight/day did not impair gut barrier integrity nor gut microbiota composition or metabolic functions, when considered separately. However, integrating the 16S metabarcoding and metabolomic datasets revealed subtle yet significant effects of PFOA exposure including a decrease in <em>Lactobacillus</em>, <em>Orodobacter</em> and <em>Ligilactobacillus</em>, as well as changes in short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate) and cholic acid. The impact on the liver was determined by simultaneously assessing functional enzymatic activity and mRNA expression of xenobiotic metabolising enzymes. Notably, CYP2C37 activity was inhibited by PFOA exposure under both control and corticosterone conditions. Hepatic homeostasis was also assessed, revealing changes at the transcriptional level in cholesterol transport and biosynthesis pathways, though with no major downstream functional effects. PFOA was found to accumulate in the hepatocyte cytosol as well as in intestinal goblet cells. This work, conducted at human-relevant doses, paves the way for future health risk assessments of PFOA and other substances belonging to the extremely large PFAS family.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 110551"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149123622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding acute mental health effects of blue and green space exposure through experimental approaches: A scoping review from 2009 to 2024","authors":"Ziwen Sun,&nbsp;Xi Gao,&nbsp;Yang Yang,&nbsp;Simon Bell,&nbsp;Xinlei Hu,&nbsp;Jie Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rapid urbanization has reduced opportunities for nature contact, exacerbating mental disorders among residents worldwide. While blue and green spaces (BGSs) are increasingly recognized for their mental health benefits, prior evidence syntheses and narrative reviews rely heavily on observational evidence. The experimental evidence on the impact of BGS exposure on acute mental health has not been sufficiently understood. This scoping review synthesizes 44 experimental studies (2009–2024) to map and characterize the experimental evidence on the acute mental health effects of short-term BGS exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following PRISMA-P and the JBI Scoping Review Methodology guidelines, we developed our protocol (<span><span>https://osf.io/2tvjk/overview</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) and searched Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO, and CNKI for experimental studies. Quality appraisal and risk-of-bias assessment tools were selected according to the study design of each article, and all included studies were evaluated for quality and risk of bias. Evidence was synthesized according to the Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome (PECO) framework and then integrated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The existing experimental research was geographically skewed toward Asian cities, and green spaces were more frequently examined than blue spaces. Stress (n = 30), perceived restorativeness (n = 16), and mood (n = 13) were the predominant mental health outcome examined by various physiological and psychological tools. Synthesizing across studies found that brief BGS exposure consistently reduced stress, enhanced mood, and promoted psychological restoration. However, among BGS types and features, more natural settings (e.g., forests, lakesides) outperformed manicured, hardscaped environments, and natural features such as naturalness, plant cover, species richness, and water bodies often amplified benefits.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This scoping review maps an expanding but methodologically heterogeneous experimental evidence base. Most studies included in our review found that even brief exposure to BGSs, especially those more natural, biodiverse, and water-rich environments, can enhance mental health. Designing and preserving biodiverse, nature-rich, high-quality BGSs is critical for promoting public mental health in rapidly urbanizing contexts. Future experiments should address the paucity of studies on blue spaces, examine multi-sensory effects and the effects of virtual nature, and expand to diverse populations with larger sample sizes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 110541"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149085243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing hair for human biomonitoring: comparison of organophosphorus flame-retardant levels in hair, urine and blood from the same individuals","authors":"Ashna Lallmahomed,&nbsp;Fabien Mercier,&nbsp;Nathalie Costet,&nbsp;Kahina Slimani,&nbsp;Thi Phuong Thao Dao,&nbsp;Marie Pécheux,&nbsp;Vincent Bessonneau,&nbsp;Arthur David,&nbsp;Nathalie Bonvallot,&nbsp;Barbara Le Bot","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Total exposure assessment can be performed through biological monitoring. While blood and urine are commonly used matrices, hair represents an innovative alternative due to its ease of collection and its ability to reflect long term exposure. However, its applicability remains limited by insufficient data and unclear performance. In this study, hair, serum, and urine samples from 62 adults were analyzed for ten organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs). Detection frequencies, concentration levels, and relationships between matrices were evaluated using descriptive statistics, correlation, and clustering analyses. The effects of hair washing and urinary dilution corrections were also assessed. A greater number of compounds were detected in hair (7 compounds) compared to urine (5 metabolites only) and serum (2 compounds), indicating higher sensitivity of hair for OPFR detection. Hair concentrations were independent of gender, and strongly correlated between washed and unwashed samples, although washing significantly reduced measured levels for parent OPFRs. Importantly, no significant correlations were observed between hair and urine (DPP, BCEP) or serum (TCPP), suggesting that hair reflects different exposure information rather than duplicating conventional matrices. These findings demonstrate that hair provides complementary and more comprehensive exposure information, supporting its use alongside urine and serum to improve OPFR biomonitoring in epidemiological studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 110545"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental exposures and mental health: longitudinal results from the German National Cohort (NAKO)","authors":"Yanding Wang,&nbsp;Susanne Breitner-Busch,&nbsp;Kathrin Wolf,&nbsp;Fiona Niedermayer,&nbsp;Nikolaos Nikolaou,&nbsp;Frank Padberg,&nbsp;Andrea Rachow,&nbsp;Fabian Bamberg,&nbsp;Stefanie Castell,&nbsp;Volker Harth,&nbsp;Antje Hebestreit,&nbsp;Michael Leitzmann,&nbsp;Wolfgang Lieb,&nbsp;Claudia Meinke-Franze,&nbsp;Dörthe Meyerdierks,&nbsp;Ilais Moreno Velásquez,&nbsp;Rajini Nagrani,&nbsp;Nadia Obi,&nbsp;Laura R. Pfrommer,&nbsp;Tobias Pischon,&nbsp;Annette Peters","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Environmental exposures such as air pollution, population density, and climate-related stressors may influence mental health, yet large-scale longitudinal evidence is limited. This study examined associations of environmental exposures with depressive and anxiety symptoms, and stress in the German National Cohort (NAKO).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data of over 70,000 adults aged 19–74 years from the NAKO baseline (2014–2019), with repeated survey assessments in 2020 and 2022 of depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item), and stress (Patient Health Questionnaire-stress) scores. The annual mean of environmental exposures, including nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), particulate matter (PM), black carbon, air temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, greenness (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), and indicators of the built and social environment were assessed at the participants’ residences at baseline and standardized with their interquartile range (IQR). Longitudinal associations of exposures with mental health outcomes were assessed using covariate-adjusted linear mixed models. Subgroup analyses were conducted stratifying by urbanization level, obesity, lung disease, and cardiovascular disease status.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Higher mean air temperature (per IQR) was associated with higher depressive symptom scores (β = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.03–0.12), anxiety symptom scores (β = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.01–0.09), and stress scores (β = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.01–0.09). Exposure to NO₂ was associated with higher depressive symptom scores (β = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.03–0.14). A higher population density within 100 m was associated with higher depressive, anxiety symptoms, and stress scores. In contrast, higher levels of greenness, precipitation, and relative humidity were associated with lower depressive symptom scores. Most of the associations with depressive or anxiety symptom scores were stronger in females, younger adults, people with obesity and those living in cities.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Improving air quality, enhancing urban green spaces, and implementing climate-adaptation strategies could help promote mental well-being, particularly in urban and vulnerable populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 110539"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149079165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-nucleus transcriptomics reveals chronic GenX exposure-induced neurotoxicity and predicted alterations in microglia-neuron communication networks in mouse brain","authors":"Zongtang Xu,&nbsp;Kun Xiang,&nbsp;Yao Yang,&nbsp;Zheyu Fang,&nbsp;Linpei Zhuo,&nbsp;Conghui Dai,&nbsp;Xiaoou Lin,&nbsp;Jiaming Liu,&nbsp;Jing Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>GenX (hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid, HFPO-DA), an emerging replacement for legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), has raised increasing concerns regarding its potential health risks. However, the neurotoxic effects and underlying mechanisms of chronic GenX exposure remain poorly understood. In the present study, we established a chronic oral gavage mouse model of GenX exposure and combined targeted UPLC-MS/MS analysis, molecular biological validation, and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to systematically investigate GenX exposure-induced significant motor and memory deficits in mice. Targeted UPLC-MS/MS analysis revealed accumulation of GenX in blood, liver, and brain tissues. In addition, GenX exposure disrupted both the intestinal barrier and blood–brain barrier, as evidenced by increased Evans blue extravasation and reduced expression of tight junction proteins. snRNA-seq analysis revealed broad transcriptional alterations across multiple brain cell populations. Neuronal populations exhibited enrichment of neurodegeneration- and apoptosis-related pathways, and abnormal expression of apoptosis-associated proteins. Moreover, microglia displayed inflammatory activation characterized by increased expression of activation-related genes, activation of NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling, and altered pseudotime trajectories marked by decreased <em>P2ry12</em> and increased <em>Apoe</em> expression. CellChat analysis further predicted alterations in microglia-neuron communication networks involving NRXN, NCAM, Cx3cl1-Cx3cr1, and Gas6-Mertk signaling pathways. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that chronic GenX exposure induces broad neurotoxic alterations involving barrier dysfunction, neuronal apoptosis, microglial inflammatory activation, and disrupted intercellular communication, providing new insights into the neurotoxic mechanisms of emerging PFAS substitutes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 110553"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149123623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Lead concentrations in blood from incubating common eiders (Somateria mollissima) in the Baltic Sea\" [Environ. Int. 137 (2020) 105582].","authors":"Su Shiung Lam, Molly McPartland, Brenley Noori, Svend-Erik Garbus, Syverin Lierhagen, Peter Lyngs, Rune Dietz, Ole Roland Therkildsen, Thomas Kjær Christensen, Rune Skjold Tjørnløv, Niels Kanstrup, Anthony D Fox, Iben Hove Sørensen, Céline Arzel, Åse Krøkje, Christian Sonne","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2026.110511","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":" ","pages":"110511"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149007658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality study of a PFOA-exposed cohort in the mid-Ohio Valley","authors":"Youran Tan,&nbsp;Jonathan N. Hofmann,&nbsp;Vaughn Barry,&nbsp;Andrea Winquist,&nbsp;Debra T. Silverman,&nbsp;Kyle Steenland","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The C8 Science Panel previously conducted studies of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure in Ohio Valley residents, finding probable links with kidney and testicular cancers, raised cholesterol, ulcerative colitis, thyroid disease, and pre-eclampsia. Findings were largely based on a cohort of 32,254 persons with high PFOA exposure followed through 2011 for disease incidence. We have now followed this cohort through 2021 for mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Deaths were ascertained via the National Death Index (NDI). We extended cumulative PFOA serum estimates from 2011 until 2021. We used internal comparisons via Cox regression models to analyze cause-specific mortality for 22 causes of death in relation to natural log transformed cumulative PFOA exposure (continuous and in quartiles) with a variety of lags, controlling for confounders. We also considered multiple cause of death.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 5709 deaths in the cohort through 2021. We found a positive significant trend (p &lt; 0.05) in underlying cause of death analyses between the log cumulative serum level and brain cancer [HR 1.25 (1.05, 1.50)] and a suggestive but non-statistically significant association with bladder cancer [HR 1.17 (0.98, 1.39). . In stratified analysis, pancreatic cancer showed a positive significant trend among older participants (&gt;72 years) [HR 1.23 (1.05, 1.43)]. No other causes showed marked positive trends, except for stroke among workers (13 % of total cohort).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PFOA exposure was significantly associated with mortality from brain cancer, and pancreatic cancer among older subjects. Pancreatic cancer has been associated with PFOA in animal studies, with equivocal evidence in other cohort studies. There was some suggestion of an increase of bladder cancer Caution is warranted due to multiple comparisons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 110492"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term exposure to trihalomethanes in drinking water and risk of liver and kidney cancer: a population-based cohort study","authors":"Emilie Helte,&nbsp;Melle Säve-Söderbergh,&nbsp;Agneta Åkesson","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chlorination of drinking water effectively prevents waterborne infections but also results in the formation of potentially carcinogenic disinfection by-products, including trihalomethanes (THMs). Experimental animal studies indicate that the liver and kidney are target organs for THM carcinogenicity, yet epidemiological evidence remains limited for these sites. In this study we assessed the association of long-term exposure to THMs in drinking water with incidence of liver and kidney cancer in two large Swedish population-based cohorts. We included 58,664 adults from the Swedish Infrastructure for Medical Population-Based Life-Course and Environmental Research (SIMPLER), who were supplied by public drinking water. Individual residential histories were linked to a national database of drinking-water monitoring results to estimate long-term exposure to total THMs. Incident liver and kidney cancer cases were ascertained through linkage to the Swedish National Cancer Register. Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Over 25 years of follow-up, 183 liver cancer cases and 347 kidney cancer cases were ascertained. Residential drinking water THM exposure was not associated with liver cancer. For kidney cancer, THM was dose-dependently associated with higher risk (p-trend = 0.047) among men with HR 1.54 (95% CI 1.00, 2.38) comparing ≥15 µg THM/L with no drinking water chlorination. No association was observed among women. Although based on a limited number of cases, these findings provide novel prospective cohort evidence on the potential association between long-term THM exposure and kidney cancer at exposure levels below current regulatory limits for drinking water. The observed association warrant confirmation in future independent studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 110501"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}