Gender and behaviour最新文献

{"title":"Accessibility, knowledge and utilization of HIV / AIDS and sexual health information by female indoor sex workers in Ibadan Metropolis of Nigeria","authors":"Mercy A. Ijirgho","doi":"10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67467","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed accessibility knowledge and utilization of HIV/AIDS and sexual health information by female indoor sex workers in Ibadan metrotropolis of Nigeria. One hundred and eighty copies of questionnaires were administered to respondents, fifteen subjects representing a stratumwhile One hundred and forty-two were retrieved and valid for the study. Descriptive statistical method of analysis was used. Data were coded insimple percentages and presented in tables. Data obtained through the questionnaires, and interviews were discussed in relation to the researchquestions. T-test and ANOVA were used in testing the hypotheses.Findings of the study revealed that female indoor sex workers received information on HIV/AIDS and sexual health regularly. Also, their knowledge of the issue is adequate, because majority have full understanding. Findings of the study showed that the female sex workers have a positive perception of HIV/AIDS and sexual health information. Their knowledge and perception of the issue have influenced them to a great extent resulting in respondent’s adoption of good sexual healthpractices. It was recommended that Parents should talk and educate their children properly about life, be close to them and know the jobs their children are doing. Society should embrace them and show them some love in other to win them and get them out of what it frowns at. Finally, the government of Nigeria shouldsee the importance of the lives these sex workers as her citizens and come up with policies to rehabilitate them in other for to live more fulfilling lives.","PeriodicalId":308310,"journal":{"name":"Gender and behaviour","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121384445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice of breast cancer examination among women attending a health facility in Gaborone, Botswana","authors":"J. Tiengo, S. Pengpid, L. Skaal, K. Peltzer","doi":"10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67455","url":null,"abstract":"Screening for early detection and diagnosis of diseases and health conditions is an important public health principle. Breast cancer examination is whereby a woman will examine the breast by Breast Self Examination (BSE), Clinical Breast Examination (CBE), and Mammogram. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of breast cancer examination. An interviewer administered questionnaire was administered to 375 women attending a health facility in Gaborone, Botswana. Results indicate low knowledge of breast cancer examination, e.g. only 34.1% knew about the commonest presentation of breast cancer (painless breast lump). Although participants had a positive attitude towards breast cancer examination, only few (23.5%) of those who practiced breast self examination (63.5%) (BSE), practiced monthly as required. Similarly, only 22.7% had visited a doctor for clinical breast examination (CBE) in the past year, and 1.6% of the respondents had done mammogram in the past 2 years. There was no association between socio-demographic characteristics with the knowledge attitude andpractice of breast cancer examination. The results of this study reflect an urgent need for increasing breast cancer education for these women.","PeriodicalId":308310,"journal":{"name":"Gender and behaviour","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125300124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender role transition in Pakhtun culture with respect to contraceptive use and fatalism","authors":"S. Mussawar, A. Khan, R. Khan","doi":"10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67450","url":null,"abstract":"The present study deals with male’s attitude towards contraceptive use behavior and fatalism in Peshawar city, Pakistan. Pakhtoon mostly inhabits Peshawar city, which has its own culture, highly strict in terms of women emancipation and considered women freedom as a sin and culturally asking for severe punishment even in some cases death for the offenders. A sample size of 613 married male respondents (15-49 years old) was interviewed through cluster sampling procedure from five randomly selected bazaars out of total fifteen. Likert and Semantic Differential Scales were used in devising independent and dependent variables while constructing interview schedule. At first stage univariate analysis and then bivariate analysis were carried out to reach into logical outcome. Both dependent variable (Contraceptive Use Behavior) and independent variable (Fatalism) were indexed and reliability analysis was carried out through Cronbach’s alpha test. The reliability coefficients were found lying between .7 to .8. Both dependent and independent variables were indexed and cross-tabulated for conducting bi-variate analysis. Gamma, Chi-square and Fisher Exact Test was used to determine the strength, direction and level of association between dependent and independent variables. Majority of the respondents had a clear vision of family planning and found to be moderately consistent of contraceptive use behavior. Moreover, respondents negated that fate prescribes the final number of children, a childless woman is a handicapped person, a sonless woman is a sign of misfortune, more children ensure perpetuation of family; bring husband and wife closer and sign of prestige. Results based on indexation of variables showed a low intensity of fatalistic behavior amongst the respondents of the study area. Efforts are needed on part of the policy makers to properly portray the complexities involved in the bareness of a woman by recognizing more rights for women than just producing children. Moreover, Peshawar city needs to be declared as model to other parts of the country, which is still in the grip of fatalism.","PeriodicalId":308310,"journal":{"name":"Gender and behaviour","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116664617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The centrality of women in moral teachings in Yoruba family system","authors":"O. D. Onabanjo","doi":"10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67465","url":null,"abstract":"Social order and peaceful co-existence are some of the primary goals in every human society. To have these and other conditions which ensure lives and properties secured, societies ensure moral and ethical uprightness of its members. This is done through various social institutions . Family, Education, and Marriage to mention a few. Among the Yoruba people of south Western Nigeria, parents and other family members are the first teachers of their children, instructing them in the i°proper\" ways of life approved by the society. For example, relating with elders and people of same age group, humility, diligence, truthful and accommodating. Culturally among the Yoruba people, Women within the family settings are socialized differently from Men. Women are socialized to be  relationship oriented in marriages, families, communities, provision of love and care for family members, teaching people to live morally upright lives, helping transform oppressive structures and working towards peace and reconciliation. Unlike other study which focused on oppression of women in Yoruba society, this work viewed the significance of women towards the maintenance of order. The paper is divided into six sections: section one examined the place of order in the contemporary society, section two focused on the status of women in Yoruba society, section three explored the concept of morality among the Yoruba people, section four dealt with the centrality of women in the teaching of morality in Yoruba culture. Section five examined the challenges of change on women.s roles as moral teachers, lastly, section six gave a conclusion and some recommendations.","PeriodicalId":308310,"journal":{"name":"Gender and behaviour","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125495798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-demographic factors associated with intimate partner violence in Ile-Ife, Nigeria","authors":"B. Mapayi, R. Makanjuola, A. Fatusi, O. Afolabi","doi":"10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67452","url":null,"abstract":"A cross sectional descriptive study was done of 373 women who attended the antenatal clinic and welfare units of a primary health center in Ile-Ife. The objective of this study was to determine, among a sample of women attending a primary health center in Ile-Ife, the socio-demographic factors associated with intimate partner violence. \u0000Respondents were aged 18-37 years; the majority of them (73.8%) were aged 21-30 years (mean age was 24.9 ± 4.09). Three quarters (73.5%) were married in a monogamous setting and well over half (60.1%) were employed. The prevalence of intimate partner violence in the previous twelve months was 36.7%. Significant socio-demographic correlates of intimate partner violence were the age of the respondents (younger), marital status (single and separated), marriage type (polygamous), employment (being employed), level of education (secondary school education) and having children. Also, Respondent's and partner's use of alcohol were significantly associated with intimate partner violence.","PeriodicalId":308310,"journal":{"name":"Gender and behaviour","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116769265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting marital satisfaction from the attachment styles and gender of a culturally and religiously homogenous population","authors":"I. F. Ottu, U. Akpan","doi":"10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67466","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the influence of attachment styles and gender on marital satisfaction. One hundred and fifty participants (73 males and 77 females) were randomly selected from members of a Christian organization, Ewet Offot and indigenous residents of Nwaniba Road, Uyo. Two instruments used were the Love (2001) Attachment Style Survey and Hudson (1982) Index of Marital Satisfaction adapted by Anene (1994) for Nigerian use. A 2x2 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for unequal sample sizes was used for data analysis.Two hypotheses were tested. The first hypothesis predicted a statistically significant difference in marital satisfaction between participants with secure and insecure attachment styles while the second hypothesis made a similar prediction in respect of gender. The first finding showed a significant difference between  participants with secure and insecure attachment styles on marital satisfaction [F(1,146) = 360.21, P that there was no significant difference between males and females on marital satisfaction [F(1,146) = 2.58, P>.05]. The interaction effect of attachment styles and gender was however found to be significant [F(1,146) = 5.00, P concerns about the role of gender in the study. Statistical evidence suggests that such interactions signify that any related variable, and in this case gender, has reliable effects on the measured variable. These manifest and latent findings were discussed in line with existing evidence and suggestions made for therapy, intervention and policy.","PeriodicalId":308310,"journal":{"name":"Gender and behaviour","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122322068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender differences in the developmental trajectories, risk factors and outcomes of antisocial behaviors","authors":"G. Jordan","doi":"10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67456","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this review was to synthesize relevant research concerning gender differences in risk factors, developmental trajectories and outcomes of antisocial behaviors. Regarding risk factors, research suggests that genetic factors predict female antisocial behavior more so than male antisocial behavior. Research suggests that neonatal insults were found to be better predictors of male antisocial behaviors relative to females. Research also suggests that neurocognitive differences (e.g., ADHD) were more predictive of antisocial behaviors in males than in females. Social factors (i.e., family-related and peer related) were found to predict behavior differently in males and females, depending on the variable in question. With regards to developmental trajectories, the reviewed research suggests that both males and females adhere to similar paths, but differ mostly as a matter of quantity of behaviors along those paths. Finally, it was shown that males on antisocial behavior trajectories faired more poorly than females, but this effect was trajectory dependent.","PeriodicalId":308310,"journal":{"name":"Gender and behaviour","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130526432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of gender and opportunity recognition on attitude to piracy of computer industry products","authors":"D. Okurame, A. Ogunfowora","doi":"10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67449","url":null,"abstract":"Software piracy has defied punitive measures, posing threats to jobs of millions of employees and the computer industry. The study proposed an attitudinal approach to the wide-reaching problem and examines the variance explained by gender and opportunity recognition in attitude to piracy of software products. It utilized a correlational design in a survey of two hundred and forty students in an institution of higher learning located in southwestern Nigeria. Results indicate that opportunity recognition and attitudes toward software piracy have a significant positive relationship (â = .18, p the variance in attitudes toward software piracy, indicating that it favourably disposes an individual to software piracy. Contrary to hypothesis, gender was not significantly related to attitudes toward software piracy (â = .06, n.s.). Practical implications of findings and future research directions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":308310,"journal":{"name":"Gender and behaviour","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115867223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress and gender in relation to self-esteem of university business students","authors":"Moses Ichongo Ukeh, Philip K. Aloh, N. Kwahar","doi":"10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67471","url":null,"abstract":"Some previous investigations argued for and against the fact that stress affects self-esteem of postsecondary students. This study investigated the effects of stress and gender on students' self-esteem. One hundred and fifteen students stratified by level of study, ethnicity, age and gender completed standardized measures of traditional student stress scale and self esteem. The 2x3 (ANOVA) was used to analyse the two independent variables –stress and gender to determine their effect on self-esteem. Results showed neither significant differences on the main effects of stress and gender nor the interaction effect. This however, does not mean that differences in stress levels do not exist among students. Recommendations are given for educational stakeholders to take stress serious and the need for student support services in university settings.","PeriodicalId":308310,"journal":{"name":"Gender and behaviour","volume":"62 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125936342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adapting gender budgeting support framework in Nigeria : policy issues and options","authors":"M. Adeyeye, C. Akinbami, A. S. Momodu","doi":"10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GAB.V9I1.67460","url":null,"abstract":"Gender relevance in national planning and development cannot be overemphasized. In Nigeria, women are responsible for about 50% of the labour force in Agriculture and over 70% of the nation's food supply, yet their contributions to the economy are rarely acknowledged. Studies indicate that there is need for governments at national level to make efforts to systematically review how women benefit from public sector expenditure and adjust budgets to ensure equality of access especially in rural areas. This paper therefore attempts to examine policy issues and options needed to adapt a comprehensive easy accounting system for gender budgeting framework to measure implementation of national budgets for national development agenda. Being a perspective paper, various approaches of mainstreaming gender issues, where they exist; into national development programmes were reviewed. In order to properly direct national resources to the achievement of equity and gender specific programme in the country, the process of 'engendering budget' or gender mainstreaming was employed. Preliminary findings indicate that despite the involvement of Nigeria in four international conventions, Nigeria is yet to adequately mainstream issues of gender into her national budgeting framework. It was also observed that challenges of adapting an easy accounting framework is more of a political will of those in government and the implementing agencies involved. The paper concludes that further studies need to be initiated and advocacy groups have to enlighten policy makers of the relevance of allowing easy to measure accounting framework to track implementation and / or lapses of yearly budgetary provisions viewed with gender perspective.","PeriodicalId":308310,"journal":{"name":"Gender and behaviour","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116744131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}