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Ethiopian Journal of Economics最新文献

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An Analysis of Financial Sector and Credit policies during the Derg period and post –Derg Reforms 改革期间和改革后的金融部门和信贷政策分析
Ethiopian Journal of Economics Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.251736
G. Ageba
{"title":"An Analysis of Financial Sector and Credit policies during the Derg period and post –Derg Reforms","authors":"G. Ageba","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.251736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.251736","url":null,"abstract":"The paper provides systemic analysis of the past and current financial sector, credit, and other related policies in Ethiopia based on a critical examination of the provisions of the numerous proclamations, regulations, and directives governing economic activates in the country, the incentives / dis-incentive elements contained in them, and their consequences. It also gives an assessment of developments in the financial sector following the reforms, as well as the depth & structure of the financial sector. A severe from of financial repression which, unlike many, unlike many other financially repressed economies where secession was generally Hugh taxes, stamp duties and an un-conducive legal framework, mainly took the form of outright prohibition and was driven by ideology, existed during the derg regime. Financial institutions were effectively reduced in to mere instruments for channeling private sector access to credit together with the stringent absolute limit on single borrower loans served as effective instruments in suppressing the private sector. A marked increase in the magnitude of loan able funds of the banking system, mainly due to a switch out of non-earning existing assets, and a fundamental shift in the flow of credit towards the private sector occurred during the post-derg period. Entry in to the financial sector has been slow but steady. However, concentration in terms of ownership, asset portfolio, as well as institutional, sectoral and geographic distribution of intermediation services, remains too high. Besides, some regulatory issues of critical significance remain yet to be addressed.","PeriodicalId":307872,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Economics","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129407803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Military Expenditures and Economic Performance: lessons from the Ethiopian Economy 军事开支和经济表现:来自埃塞俄比亚经济的教训
Ethiopian Journal of Economics Pub Date : 1999-02-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.251802
K. Haile
{"title":"Military Expenditures and Economic Performance: lessons from the Ethiopian Economy","authors":"K. Haile","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.251802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.251802","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the impacts of military expenditures on varies sectors of the Ethiopian economy in general and social programs (education and health expenditures) in particular. Unlike most similar studies, a medium-sized macro econometric model and a specific country data set are used to estimate the impacts of defense expenditures. The simulation results indicate that an increase in military expenditures adversely affect output growth and the current account balance. The result also show that there was a trade-off between military expenditures and social; programs.","PeriodicalId":307872,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Economics","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117273271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
An Introduction to a Uniform Accounting System: The Egyptian Experience 统一会计制度导论:埃及的经验
Ethiopian Journal of Economics Pub Date : 1995-05-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.251826
M. M. El-Sharkawy
{"title":"An Introduction to a Uniform Accounting System: The Egyptian Experience","authors":"M. M. El-Sharkawy","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.251826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.251826","url":null,"abstract":"This paper in an attempt to give an insight into the Egyptian Uniform Accounting System, which has sought to achieve the Following objectives: 1. To provide the necessary accounting information for planning and control at all levels of the economy 2. To coordinate financial accounting with national accounting in order to facilitate the computation of the gross national product (GNP). This is done through unifying terminology, standards, accounting concepts, and so on.3. To facilitate the tabulation and storage of data by an enterprise so that it would be easy for each enterprise to supply the information needed by the governmental bodies. The paper has highlighted the Egyptian Chart of Accounts and how financial and control accounts have been classified and coded in such a manner that links the micro-accounting with macro-accounting. Finally, an empirical case study has been examined where the Current Operations Account has been prepared in addition to the value Added Statement (VAS). Such a VAS has been prepared on the basis of: 1. The factor income model which is adopted by the Egyptian Uniform accounting System; and 2. The sect oral income model which is to be recommended by the author for some reasons. For instance, it distinguishes between the value added achieved by the company and that available for distribution","PeriodicalId":307872,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114941416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The state and performance of public Enterprises in Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚公共企业的状态和绩效
Ethiopian Journal of Economics Pub Date : 1995-05-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.251825
T. Eshete
{"title":"The state and performance of public Enterprises in Ethiopia","authors":"T. Eshete","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.251825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.251825","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes and reviews the major problems of public Enterprises (PEs) in Ethiopia with particular focus during the 1974 - 1991 periods. Their objectives, role, significance and management structures, have been surveyed. At the same time, their financial performance and financial positions have been analyzed and reviewed in view of identifying their internal and external constraints. In view of improving the PEs financial performance and efficiency, in resource allocation and utilization, the paper concludes that the PEs in Ethiopia have to be restructured in such a way that the root causes of their poor performance or inadequate performance are properly addressed","PeriodicalId":307872,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Economics","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124943503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Evaluating the efficiency of Farmers in Ethiopia 评估埃塞俄比亚农民的效率
Ethiopian Journal of Economics Pub Date : 1995-03-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.251823
S. Abrar
{"title":"Evaluating the efficiency of Farmers in Ethiopia","authors":"S. Abrar","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.251823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.251823","url":null,"abstract":"This article is primarily concerned with applying Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for measuring the efficiency of smallholders in Ethiopia. Two variants of DEA models, Constant - returns-to scale (CRS) and variable-returns-to - scale (VRS) are applied on individual farm level cross-sectional data from three villages in Ethiopia The empirical results of both measures show that the farmers in the sample are more technically inefficient that scale inefficient. This implies that policy should largely focus on means of raising technical efficiency. Moreover the results also indicate that there is regional variation in the level of efficiency, suggesting selective policy intervention based on the specific environment.","PeriodicalId":307872,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Economics","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128530063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Demographic characteristics of poor households in Urban Ethiopia: the Case of Dire Dawa Town. 埃塞俄比亚城市贫困家庭的人口特征:以迪勒达瓦镇为例。
Ethiopian Journal of Economics Pub Date : 1995-03-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.251824
Kinfu Yohannes
{"title":"Demographic characteristics of poor households in Urban Ethiopia: the Case of Dire Dawa Town.","authors":"Kinfu Yohannes","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.251824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.251824","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents evidence on the links between poverty and demographic variables such as marriage patterns, household size and composition, fertility and mortality experiences, perception and preferences for children and also knowledge, attitude and practices of family planning, using household level data for Dire Dawa in the early 1990s. The study first identifies the poor using a subjective poverty line and then assesses their demographic characteristics. The results indicate that the poor have large family size high dependency of children and high fertility. However, compared to others poor households wished to have fewer children (and most of them also need no more additional children) which the study interpreted as a behavioral response to the increasing costs of children. However, the study found out that most of these women mad limited knowledge of family planning methods and even those who know about it had rarely practiced it. The results also show that, as one would expect, death rates were consistently higher among the poor and lower among the well-off.","PeriodicalId":307872,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Economics","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128353005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Coffee prices and Smuggling in Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚的咖啡价格与走私
Ethiopian Journal of Economics Pub Date : 1994-10-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.251831
S. Dercon, Ayalew Lulseged
{"title":"Coffee prices and Smuggling in Ethiopia","authors":"S. Dercon, Ayalew Lulseged","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.251831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.251831","url":null,"abstract":"Official and black market coffee price series are brought together to discuss the incentives to produce coffee since 1963. On the basis of empirical analysis of prices and supply response, it is argued that some increased export earrings can be expected from a switch from smuggling into official channels. However, these increases will be relatively small. Coffee production is found to be responsive to prices, but this effect is most likely to be relative to other crop prices, in particular chat. During the period of the Dergue, supply response was found to be smaller than in the 1960s reflecting the adverse climate for expansion of crop production existing during the 1970s and 1980s Following the devaluation, coffee production may well increase again, but the increases are unlikely to be very large.","PeriodicalId":307872,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126130670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Land Registration and Land Investment: The case of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia 土地登记与土地投资:以埃塞俄比亚北部提格雷地区为例
Ethiopian Journal of Economics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/EJE.V21I1
F. Hagos
{"title":"Land Registration and Land Investment: The case of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia","authors":"F. Hagos","doi":"10.4314/EJE.V21I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJE.V21I1","url":null,"abstract":"The study explored whether land titling fostered tenure security and, thereby, increased investment on land improvement. We assessed the determinants of the probability and intensity of investment by using random effects and modified random effects probit and truncated regression models on 437 randomly selected households operating 1696 plots from eighteen selected communities (tabias) located in the five zones of the Tigray Region. Findings indicated that registration enhanced holders’ feeling of tenure security, there was significant increase in probability and composition of investments, and increased private initiatives. The likelihood and the intensity of conservation were low on land lost in the last redistribution or taken away by the public for different purposes. Length of tenure, initial investment, and access to food-for-work positively influenced the likelihood and intensity of conservation. Households with more livestock, land holding and adult male labor (although significant only in the random effects probit and at 10 percent level) were found to be more likely to make investments on land. Moreover, the intensity of investment was significantly influenced by the year of registration. Finally, households operating rented-in land were found to be less likely to and invested less indicating that tenants commit fewer resources to longterm investments because they strive to maximize immediate benefits. There were various time invariant household and plot level characteristics that influenced the probability and intensity of conservation. This calls for policy makers to minimize the potential sources of insecurity such as threats of future land redistribution and land taking without proper land compensation. Moreover, land registration/certification is vital for creating tenure security; this has to out scaled throughout the country. Keywords: titling, tenure security, conservation investment, random effects model; Ethiopia, Africa.","PeriodicalId":307872,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Economics","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114295969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Glossary of economic terms 经济术语词汇
Ethiopian Journal of Economics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7551/mitpress/10261.003.0012
T. Takkele, A. Dejene
{"title":"Glossary of economic terms","authors":"T. Takkele, A. Dejene","doi":"10.7551/mitpress/10261.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/10261.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307872,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Economics","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129956258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Urbanization and fertility rates in Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚的城市化和生育率
Ethiopian Journal of Economics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.258728
Fanaye Tadesse, D. Headey
{"title":"Urbanization and fertility rates in Ethiopia","authors":"Fanaye Tadesse, D. Headey","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.258728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.258728","url":null,"abstract":"Fertility rates are important determinants of both overall population growth and demographic transitions from high to low age dependency ratios, which in turn have important consequences for economic growth, poverty reduction, and improved health and nutrition outcomes. Ethiopia currently has one of the highest fertility rates in the world, although there are marked differences between rural and urban fertility rates. This paper explores the drivers of rural and urban fertility rates, including systematic tests of differences in key determinants. This further allows us to project fertility rates into the future based on alternative urbanization, economic growth, and education scenarios. Finally, we link these alternative projections with existing estimates of the benefits of fertility reductions on economic growth, nutrition, and poverty reduction","PeriodicalId":307872,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Economics","volume":"10 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113935738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
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