Energy Storage Materials最新文献

{"title":"Effect of calendering on structure and electrochemical performance of LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 cathodes via 3D reconstruction based on X-ray computed tomography images with different pressures","authors":"Yuhang Lyu, Shaohai Dong, Zhan-Sheng Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104643","url":null,"abstract":"Calendering, a key step in electrode manufacturing process, directly changes the 3D electrode structure through applied pressure, thereby significantly influencing electrochemical performance. To establish quantitative relationships of calendering-electrode structure-electrochemical performance, 3D microstructures of LiNi_0.33Mn_0.33Co_0.33O₂ cathodes are reconstructed based on X-ray computed tomography images under different calendering pressures. Four microstructure-resolved half-cell models with lithium (Li) anodes were developed for 3D electrochemical simulations, validated against experimental discharge curves. The evolution of the electrode structure caused by calendering and its effect on the electrochemical performance are discussed. The simulated discharge curves are in good agreement with the experimental data. The results show that increasing the calendering pressure can significantly reduce the thickness and porosity of the electrode, increase the tortuosity of the electrode, and significantly improve the discharge capacity of the electrode. An increased discharge rate reduces the state of lithiation (SOL) of active material (AM) particles, thereby reducing the discharge capacity of the electrode. Furthermore, calendering increases the gradient of the SOL of AM particles and decreases the gradient of the Li-ion concentration of electrolyte in the thickness direction of the electrode. The developed integrated model deepens our understanding the relationship of calendering-electrode structure-electrochemical performance and provides a valuable physical basis for optimizing the electrode manufacturing process.","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailored Modulation of Jahn-Teller Distortion via Electron-Lattice Coupling to Enhance the Cycling Stability of Polyanionic Cathodes for Advance Sodium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Jiajia An, Hanlin Wang, Lingfei Zhao, Qiang Wang, Binkai Yu, Ye Li, Wenxi Zhao, Jinqiao Hu, Jiarun Geng, Limin Zhou, He Zhu, Hui Xia, Qinfen Gu, Ruohan Yu, Mei Yang, Guoxiu Wang, Mingzhe Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104645","url":null,"abstract":"Manganese-based polyanionic compounds are one of the most promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries due to cost-effectiveness, high-voltage capability, and environmental friendliness. Nevertheless, the strong Jahn-Teller distortion (JTD) in high-spin Mn³⁺ state induces localized stress concentration and irreversible structural collapse, while the low-JTD state causes elevated lattice rigidity via enhanced Mn–O bond covalency, leading to inferior electrochemical stability. Herein, we propose an electron-lattice coupling modulation strategy by constructing a Ti⁴⁺-mediated Mn-O-Ti superexchange interactions within the polyanionic NaMnPO₄ framework to enable electronic state reconfiguration and dynamic lattice response for controllable JTD regulation. We show that the strong orbital hybridization between Ti⁴⁺ <em>d</em>⁰ and O 2<em>p</em> enhances the covalency of Mn–O bonds and broadens the Mn³⁺ <em>e</em>_g orbitals into Mn(<em>e</em>_g)-O(2<em>p</em>) hybridized bands, thus reducing the intrinsic electron degeneracy of the Mn³⁺ <em>e</em>_g orbitals. Furthermore, the flexible TiO₆ octahedra facilitate homogeneous reversible microstrains through elastic deformation and enable effective lattice stress dissipation. The NaMn_0.80Ti_0.20PO₄ exhibits an optimal JTD magnitude of <em>σ</em>² = 0.009 and a 91.03% improvement in strain homogeneity compared to the pristine sample. These enhancements contribute to a high-capacity retention of 96.75% after 500 cycles at 2 C. (vs. 77.85% for NaMnPO₄). This work establishes a universal paradigm to modulate the JTD in high-spin transition-metal cathodes, opening new avenues for high-stability cathode design.","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quasi-Solid-State Electrolytes Engineered by Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Synergic Effect from Pore Characteristics and Ligand Functionalities","authors":"Shiwei Mei, Xinyu Zhang, Yanzhi Zhang, Mutian Ma, Zhihe Wei, Zhangyi Zheng, Chang Lu, Yang Peng, Zhao Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104644","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) hold great promise for next-generation energy storage solutions but are hindered by the lagged development of high-performance solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) that are instrumental for cyclic stability and operational safety. In virtue of the tunable porosity and chemistry, Li⁺-conducting metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a compelling candidate. To interrogate the structure-performance correlation of MOF-based SSEs, this study fabricates a set of freestanding composite membranes comprising the UiO-series MOFs of varying ligand length and functional motifs. Comprehensive electrochemical assessments unveiled that both the functionalized linkers and larger pore structure facilitate Li⁺ transport within the MOF channels by promoting lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) decomplexation while reducing the steric hindrance. Consequently, the best SSE comprising the bipyridine ligand demonstrates a high ionic conductivity of 1.18 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹, a high Li⁺ transference number of 0.81, and a high potential window up to 4.97 V. Symmetric cells achieve a prolonged operation for 2660 h at 1 mA cm⁻² with a low cycling overpotential of 24.8 mV. LMB full-cells further showcase a stable operation at 1 C for 940 cycles with 90.7% of capacity retention, outperforming the majority of MOF-based SSEs reported in literature. This work, by capitalizing on the tailorable topological and chemical structure, offers a useful guideline for the design and fabrication of MOF‐based quasi-solid-state electrolytes for crafting high-performance LMBs.","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-temperature resistant semi-crystalline poly(ether ether ketone) separator","authors":"Xuyang Wang, Ziyu Lin, Yuxi Fu, Xiaoyu Chen, Yi Chen, Yufei Yang, Xiangyu Li, Xingyan Zeng, Yingfeng Wen, Yanchao Yang, Hui Nie, Xingping Zhou, Jinhui Pang, Guibin Wang, Xiaolin Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104642","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are considered promising energy storage devices, but electrolyte-induced swelling and thermal shrinkage of separators significantly limit battery performance and safety, especially for extreme-condition applications. Here, semi-crystalline poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) separator is developed to effectively boost cycling performance and safety of LMBs at temperatures above 80°C via crystallinity engineering strategy involving reversible chemical modification and clamping-annealing processes. The abundant polar groups of PEEK enable electrolyte wetting while promoting Li⁺ desolvation for fast ion transport. The ionic conductivity and Li⁺ transport number are 0.61 mS cm⁻¹ and 0.71, respectively. Its recovered crystalline structure provides excellent Young's modulus (1.0 GPa), thermal stability (300°C) and durability against electrolyte swelling. Leveraging the synergistic interplay between molecular structure and polymer chain alignment, semi-crystalline PEEK separator effectively suppresses lithium dendrite growth while enabling consistent and rapid ion transport. A high capacity retention of 94% after 100 cycles of pouch cell with industry-level mass loading of active materials confirms its practical applicability. At 100°C, the Li||LiFePO₄ cells with semi-crystalline PEEK separator achieve ultralong cycle life exceeding 500 cycles, 16 times that of cells with low-crystallinity PEEK separator, whereas Celgard 2400 separator completely fails to operate. This work demonstrates the feasibility of limiting electrolyte-induced swelling of separator through crystallization and establishes the relationship between separator swelling and battery performance. This crystallization approach provides a promising avenue to highly durable separators for long-term cycling LMBs, especially at task-specific high-temperature conditions.","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interface Compatibility in Sulfide-Based All-Solid-State Batteries: Challenges and Strategies at the Electrode–Electrolyte Interfaces","authors":"Yitao Lou, Hongmin Liu, Xinran Gao, Xu Min, HuaKun Liu, Nana Wang, ShiXue Dou, Zhongchao Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104640","url":null,"abstract":"Sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries (SASSBs) are compelling candidates for next-generation energy storage due to their high ionic conductivity and compatibility with lithium metal. Nevertheless, the poor chemical and mechanical compatibility at electrode–electrolyte interfaces remains a central obstacle to practical implementation. This review focuses exclusively on interfacial compatibility challenges and solutions for both the anode–electrolyte(AEI) and cathode–electrolyte interfaces(CEI) in sulfide-based solid electrolytes systems. We delineate the principal mechanisms of interfacial instability, including physical debonding, chemomechanical degradation, and lithium dendrite nucleation and propagation. We, then systematically assess recent strategies such as artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) engineering, interlayer design, in-situ interphase formation, cathode surface coatings, and composite interface architectures. Furthermore, we integrate results from advanced characterization techniques and multiscale simulations to clarify the interfacial processes that control performance. Finally, we propose future research directions aimed at interfacial stability, manufacturability, and multi-layer integration. In summary, this review offers a solution oriented roadmap for engineering robust interfaces in commercially relevant SASSBs.","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enthalpy-mediated local structural ordering stabilizes O3-type layered cathode for sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Yongcong Huang, Fangchang Zhang, Xin Xu, Yanfang Wang, Peisong Sun, Kuan Jing, Feng Wu, Zibing An, Xiaodong Han, Yulin Cao, Yan Liu, Xingqun Liao, Yingzhi Li, Zhenghe Xu, Zhouguang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104641","url":null,"abstract":"O3-type Na_0.9Ni_0.4Fe_0.1Mn_0.5O₂ (NFM) is a promising candidate material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of high theoretical capacity (220 mAh g⁻¹), but largely suffers from rapid capacity decay due to severe phase transition caused by unstable transition metal (TM) layer gliding and anisotropic lattice strain accumulation upon cycling. Herein, we propose an enthalpy-doping strategy to precisely manipulate the local coordination ordering structure, thereby stabilize the TMO₆ octahedral framework in the O3-type Na_0.9Ni_0.35Zn_0.05Fe_0.1Mn_0.3Ti_0.2O₂ (NZFMT). Our findings demonstrate that the negative enthalpy characteristics of dopants reduce the <em>ΔH_mix</em> of TM layers, thereby strengthening cation-anion interactions and promoting the formation of an ordered lattice structure. As anticipated, this tailored structure strategy favorably stabilizes layered structure to resist severe phase transition, leading to remarkable electrochemical improvements. The optimized NZFMT delivers a high capacity of 162.3 mAh g⁻¹ with a prominent capacity retention of 96.3% after 100 cycles at 1 C (vs. 62.5% for NFM). Furthermore, the practical feasibility of an Ampere-hour-scale NZFMT||HC pouch cell is demonstrated by an energy density of 148 Wh kg⁻¹, along with outstanding cycling stability (80.5% retention after 200 cycles at 0.5 C), outperforming many state-of-the-art O3-type cathodes. This work provides a universal enthalpy-mediated stabilization approach for designing high-energy-density SIB cathodes.","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Biomass Electrolyte via Mechanochemistry Enables Ultralong-Life Dendrite-Free Zinc Anodes","authors":"Hebang Li, Lulu Deng, Yanhui Zhang, Kui Chen, Yuanlong Guo, Qinqin Xu, Mingwei Xu, Haibo Xie, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104639","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc metal, a promising anode for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) due to its high capacity, low cost, and safety, suffers from irreversibility caused by side reactions and dendrite growth. While electrolyte additives offer a solution, designing low-cost, green additives remains challenging. Herein, we introduce a novel, multifunctional electrolyte (CSZE) prepared via a solvent-free ball milling mechanochemical process using microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), succinic anhydride (SAD), and ZnSO₄ (ZS). This one-pot solid-phase synthesis leverages ZS as both catalyst and electrolyte solute. The resulting cellulose succinate ester (CSAE) and succinic acid (SA) exhibit a synergistic effect, promoting close Zn²⁺ binding and uniform deposition, surpassing the performance of either component alone. Carboxyl and hydroxyl groups within CSAE/SA facilitate strong adsorption on the Zn anode, effectively shielding it from dendrite formation and corrosion. Consequently, the Zn anode achieves exceptional reversibility for 3666 h at 1 mA cm⁻²/1 mAh cm⁻². Paired with a MnO₂ cathode, the full cell retains 79.75% capacity after 4000 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹. Life-cycle assessment further demonstrates a 22.64% reduction in global warming potential versus conventional electrolytes. This work presents a sustainable strategy utilizing abundant lignocellulosic biomass for high-performance, reversible AZIBs.","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen Bonding at MXene/Electrolyte Interface Enables Stable Ammonium Ion Energy Storage","authors":"Xiaofeng Zhang, Qian Zhang, Zihua Wang, Peiao Lu, Jiakun Luo, Wei Xu, Yuhang Zhao, Yichen Zhang, Kui-Qing Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104638","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous ammonium ion (NH₄⁺) hybrid supercapacitors (AAHSCs) have attracted much attention due to their environmental friendliness and excellent electrochemical performance, but the mechanism of NH₄⁺ energy storage of AAHSCs has been unknown. In this work, Ti₃C₂T<em>_x</em> films were prepared by vacuum filtration and used as cathode materials for AAHSC. The charge storage mechanism of Ti₃C₂T<em>_x</em> films in different electrolyte solutions was systematically analyzed by means of ex-situ techniques and theoretical calculations. These analyses revealed an H–bonding (N–H…O) interaction between NH₄⁺ and oxygen-containing functional groups, elucidating the reason for the excellent electrochemical performance of AAHSCs. DFT and MD calculations further verified the existence of H–bonds, which act as a channel for charge transfer and facilitate the transfer of electrons from NH₄⁺ to O–atoms. The Ti₃C₂T<em>_x</em> film//AC-AAHSC assembled with 1 M (NH₄)₂SO₄ as the electrolyte solution has a high specific capacitance of 84.3 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g and excellent cycling stability of 96.2% (10,000 cycles). It has a high energy density of 108 Wh/kg at a power density of 2,160 W/kg. This work lays the theoretical foundation for the construction of high-performance MXene-based AAHSCs devices.","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Separator’s Contribution to the Ion Transport in Lithium Batteries","authors":"Ying Li, Yingzi Hua, Shuangyang Cai, Rong Zhou, Mengyao Wang, Zhenzhen Wei, Yan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104636","url":null,"abstract":"The performance and safety of lithium batteries are heavily dependent on the transport efficiency and deposition uniformity of lithium ions (Li⁺). As an essential component of lithium batteries, the separator’s physical structure and chemical characteristics significantly affect Li⁺ transport. Herein, the influence of separators on Li⁺ transport and design strategies for ion transport regulation are first elaborated at the mechanistic level along the Li⁺ transport path. Subsequently, the research progress of the current work on Li⁺ transport regulation is systematically reviewed by categorizing the improvement approaches, with comprehensive discussions on their respective advantages, limitations, and application scopes. Finally, it is concluded that future research should focus on the multifunctionalization with performance breakthroughs, as well as the cost, reliability and compatibility for industrial implementation, in order to transform laboratory innovations into industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hierarchical LiMn0.6Fe0.4PO4 Microspheres with atomic mixture of Fe/Mn derived from (Mn0.6Fe0.4)3(PO4)2·xH2O precursors for high stability lithium ion batteries","authors":"Liang Xie, Taifan Yang, Jiawei Pan, Weipeng Li, Zhanhui Jia, Xiangwen Gao, Chengyong Shu, Wei Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104637","url":null,"abstract":"LiMn_xFe_1-xPO₄/C (LMFP) is one of the most promising alternatives of LiFePO₄ (LFP) for next generation high energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its higher working potential. However, when the substitution level of Fe with Mn exceeds half, the resulting inhomogeneous distribution of Fe/Mn may subsequently impede the performance of lithium manganese iron phosphate (LMFP) in terms of its rate capability, long-term cyclability. In this study, a multi-strategy synergistic modification approach was employed to address the aforementioned issues. First of all, the atomic-level mixing of iron and manganese was achieved by synthesizing the microsphere (Mn_0.6Fe_0.4)₃(PO₄)₃·xH₂O precursor while nanoscale primary particles coated with uniform carbon layer were agglomerated into hierarchical LiMn_0.6Fe_0.4PO₄ microspheres through spray-drying to enhance the tap density and electrical conductivity. XAFS measurements reveal a shorter Fe-O bond length, which is beneficial for maintaining the structural stability of the LMFP. Moreover, in situ XRD analysis confirms the occurrence of complete solid-solution behavior during cycling, which minimizes the transport energy barrier at the interface of the two phases and enhances the kinetic properties. Furthermore, in situ XAFS verifies the redox reactions of transition metals in LiMn_0.6Fe_0.4PO₄ occur with a high degree of reversibility during electrochemical cycling. Consequently, as prepared microspherical LiMn_0.6Fe_0.4PO₄ cathode material demonstrates high tap density (1.28 g ml⁻¹), excellent rate performance with a capacity of 137 mAh g⁻¹ at a high rate of 3C and long cycling stability with capacity retention of 88.5% after 800 cycles as well as minimal voltage decay of 0.21 mV per cycle.","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}