Energy Storage Materials最新文献

{"title":"Regulating HOMO energy levels of thiophene-based conjugated polymers to facilitate anion storage for high performance dual-ion batteries","authors":"Xian-He Chen,&nbsp;Chen-Xing Zhang,&nbsp;Wei-Sheng Zhang,&nbsp;Yu-Xuan Guo,&nbsp;Jian-Guo Zhang,&nbsp;Shi-Lin Mei,&nbsp;Chang-Jiang Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic dual-ion cathode materials offer great potential for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries but suffer from fast capacity degradation and cycling instability due to the low utility and reversibility of p-type active sites and inherent solubility. To address these challenges, we present a molecular engineering strategy that modulates the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels through rational structural design. Three novel thiophene-functionalized pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetrone derivatives—2,7-di(thiophen-3-yl)pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone (PTO-3TP), 2,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone (PTO-2TP), and 2,7-di([2,2′-bithiophen]-5-yl)pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone (PTO-BITP)—are designed by strategically tailoring the junction position and number of thiophene bridging units. This structural optimization significantly elevates the HOMO energy levels and enhances the π-conjugation, thereby synergistically boosting the p-type redox activity. Notably, after electropolymerization, the products exhibit further elevated HOMO levels and reduced energy gaps, enabling superior charge transfer kinetics. Specifically, the electropolymerized PTO-BITP cathode demonstrates exceptional electrochemical performances including a high reversible capacity of 280 mAh g^-1 at 0.2 A g^-1 over 500 cycles, remarkable rate capability (120 mAh g^-1 at 10 A g^-1), and ultrahigh cycling stability (100 mAh g^-1 retained after 5000 cycles at 5 A g^-1). This work unveils the great significance of HOMO energy level manipulation through molecular architecture engineering, offering an efficient strategy to enhance both electropolymerization efficiency and redox kinetics for advanced organic lithium-ion batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 104323"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Room-Temperature Solid-State Sodium-Sulfur and Potassium-Sulfur Batteries: Materials, Challenges, and Prospects","authors":"Songjie Gan, Tianqi Wang, Qiyao Yu, Zongyou Li, Zihan Chen, Yanjun Gao, Wei Wang, Jianguo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104322","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium-sulfur (Na-S) and potassium-sulfur (K-S) batteries exhibit significant potential due to their high theoretical capacity, low cost, and abundance of raw materials; however, their commercialization is hindered by challenges such as interfacial instability, dendrite growth, and polysulfide shuttling. Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) present a promising solution to these issues, offering superior safety, higher energy density, and extended cycle life. This review highlights recent advancements in SSEs for Na-S and K-S systems, beginning with a comparative analysis of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) to underscore the advantages of Na-S and K-S chemistries, including cost efficiency, material sustainability, and rapid ion transport in solid-state configurations. Key obstacles, such as sulfur’s insulating nature, severe polysulfide shuttle effects, and uncontrolled dendrite formation, are critically examined. Progress in inorganic, polymer, and composite SSEs is comprehensively evaluated, emphasizing innovations in ionic conductivity and interfacial engineering. Finally, strategies for optimizing SSE designs are proposed, aiming to accommodate the intrinsic ion transport mechanisms of Na-S and K-S battery chemistries while addressing key challenges.","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen Vacancy Engineering for High-Performance Li-Rich Manganese Cathodes: Advances and Prospects","authors":"Pengzu Kou, Lei Zhang, Zhigui Zhang, Runguo Zheng, Zhiyuan Wang, Yuan Wang, Zongping Shao, Hamidreza Arandiyan, Hongyu Sun, Yanguo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104321","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium-rich manganese-based cathodes (LRMOs) are the key materials for promoting the commercialization of secondary batteries due to their high specific capacity and energy density. Oxygen vacancies (OVs) in LRMOs, as inherent structural defects in both the surface and bulk phases, provide additional pathways for efficient ion diffusion, significantly enhancing ion conduction efficiency. OVs also provide abundant reactive sites, thereby actively promoting cycle stability and rate performance. Although some adverse effects, such as lattice distortion, structural degradation, and performance degradation, are induced by OVs, these effects can be effectively alleviated or overcome through well-designed strategies. This review discusses the dynamic evolution mechanism and introduction methods of OVs in LRMOs, emphatically analyzing the complex coupling relationship between OVs and other defects in the materials. It is worth mentioning that this paper also systematically introduces the influence of OVs on the properties of the materials and the means of characterizing OVs. These findings not only lay a solid foundation for exploring the internal relationship between their microstructure and macroscopic properties but also provide a valuable theoretical basis for fully exploiting the high specific capacity potential of LRMOs.","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143979875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailor-design electrolytes promoting the development of alloy-type anodes","authors":"Xudong Gao,&nbsp;Hangjun Ying,&nbsp;Wei-Qiang Han","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alloy-type anodes have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their high capacity, low working potential, and environmental friendliness. However, alloy-type anodes face several challenges in practical applications, including substantial volume expansion, low coulombic efficiency, and unstable solid-electrolyte interphases (SEI). Electrolyte design is a critical strategy for addressing these challenges. Throughout the evolution of batteries, advancements in electrolyte design and electrode materials have progressed in tandem. The unique mechanisms of alloy-type anodes also require the development of a compatible electrolyte system. Therefore, it is both urgent and essential to tailor specifically electrolytes for alloy-type anodes. Herein, we systematically analyze the failure mechanisms of alloy-type anodes, focuses on the design principles of electrolyte salts, solvents, and additives, summarizes the applications of ionic liquids and solid electrolytes, and emphasizes the critical role of modulating the solvation structure. We hope this review will assist researchers in a deeper exploration of the similarities among various alloy-type anodes, ultimately, tailoring a proprietary electrolyte system for alloy-type anodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 104320"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143940065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An induced recrystallization self-healing separator for stabilizing ultra-long cycles of aqueous sodium ion batteries","authors":"Jing Chen ,&nbsp;Yumeng Chen ,&nbsp;Fei Ning ,&nbsp;Wei Shi ,&nbsp;Yingchang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Captured by attractive theoretical specific capacity (170 mAh g⁻¹), 3D open framework and adjustable structure/chemical-composition, Mn, Co, and Fe based Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) have been considered as the promising cathode materials for aqueous sodium-ion batteries (ASIBs). However, their large-scale energy storage applications were seriously restricted by the rapid capacity decay behaviors and Jahn-Teller distortions. To solving these issues, a fiberglass separator modified by Na₄Fe(CN)₆ was utilized herein to release Fe(CN)₆⁴^‒ in full-cell system. Serving as functional groups, Fe(CN)₆⁴^‒ could fill the surface Mn/Co vacancies formed in MnCo-substituted Prussian blue Na_1.74Mn_0.88Co_0.12Fe(CN)₆<strong>·</strong>2·37H₂O (MnCO-PBA) positive electrode materials during cycling. With the assistance of Na₄Fe(CN)₆ additives introducing, the self-decomposition effect of free water in the high concentration electrolyte could be effectively reduced. When the engineered separator and the MnCo-PBA-based positive electrode are tested in combination with NaTi₂(PO₄)₃@C-based negative electrode in the coin cell configuration, a specific energy of 101.35 Wh kg^‒1 at 0.05 A g^‒1 (specific energy based on the active material mass of both electrodes) and a specific discharge capacity retention of 85.8% after 5000 cycles at 0.2 A g^‒1 are achieved. This work was expected to probe the large-scale development of ASIBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 104318"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Steric-hindrance engineering to stabilize structural evolution in biphasic Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7Na2FeP2O7 cathode","authors":"Xu Wang ,&nbsp;Huangxu Li ,&nbsp;Xiaochen Ge ,&nbsp;Liang He ,&nbsp;Shihao Li ,&nbsp;Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiahao Gu ,&nbsp;Wen Zhou ,&nbsp;Yanqing Lai ,&nbsp;Zhian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The low-cost iron-based polyanionic Na₄Fe₃(PO₄)₂P₂O₇ (NFPP) represent a 3D Na⁺ pathways and voltage-advantageous cathode material in sodium-ion batteries. Nevertheless, anisotropic lattice strain and stress generated during sodium (de)intercalation induces prominent local structural changes, deteriorating the long-term stability. Herein, this paper proposes the steric hindrance engineering of Na₂FeP₂O₇ phase (NFPO) to restrict the intramolecular motion and stabilize structural evolution in a biphasic structure Na₄Fe₃(PO₄)₂P₂O₇<img>Na₂FeP₂O₇ (NFPP-4.1). The crystal domains of the NFPO phase are interlaced with the NFPP, and the NFPO with minimal volume change can mitigate local structural changes, thereby ensuring robust structural evolution. In addition, theoretical calculations and experiments corroborate that NFPO has abundant Na⁺ channels and rapid diffusion kinetics. Consequently, NFPP-4.1 exhibits excellent rate performance (91.4 mAh g^-1at 10 C) and prolonged cycle duration (capacity retention of 77.8 % after 8000 cycles). The stable structural evolution is underscored by minimal volume change of only 3.59 % observed in the platform region of the sodium storage. This study provides a new insight into the structural evolution of biphasic materials via steric hindrance engineering which can shed light on the development of long-cycle iron-based cathode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 104308"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can ultra-dense cathode agglomerates be treated as solid particles? Direct evidence from single high-nickel NCM particle microelectrode","authors":"Anhao Zuo ,&nbsp;Yu Wu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou ,&nbsp;Haoran Lu ,&nbsp;Oukai Wu ,&nbsp;Zhixuan Wu ,&nbsp;Zhe Lv ,&nbsp;Feixiong He ,&nbsp;Tiening Tan ,&nbsp;Jianqiang Kang ,&nbsp;Gaolong Zhu ,&nbsp;Xuning Feng ,&nbsp;Xiang Liu ,&nbsp;Dongsheng Ren ,&nbsp;Zhe Li ,&nbsp;Minggao Ouyang","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>LiNi<em>_x</em>Co<em>_y</em>Mn₁<em>_−x−y</em>O₂ (NCM) cathode materials have attracted considerable interest for use in lithium-ion batteries due to their favorable electrochemical properties. NCM cathode materials typically form ultra-dense agglomerates with limited porosity (∼5 %), raising the question of whether these agglomerates can be treated as solid particles in electrochemical evaluations and battery modeling. In this work, we develop and employ a single-particle experimental setup to directly evaluate the kinetics of high-nickel NCM cathode materials at the single-particle scale. We decouple bulk and interfacial transport processes and explore the relationship between electrochemical kinetics and agglomerate structure for LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ and LiNi_0.9Co_0.08Mn_0.02O₂ cathode materials. In particular, we present a novel investigation into the effect of primary particle size, which has not been directly explored in previous studies. Our extensive dataset of key kinetic parameters—exchange current density (<em>i</em>₀) and diffusion coefficient (<em>D</em>_Li)—demonstrates that electrolyte penetration within ultra-dense agglomerates must be considered in physics-based battery models, challenging the assumption that such agglomerates behave as solid particles. These insights, along with the large kinetic dataset, are essential for refining battery models and optimizing battery design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 104314"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amphiphilic surfactants: A mechanistic insight into the enhancement of silicon anodes in lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Kanghou Ma ,&nbsp;Caiyue Sun ,&nbsp;Yitao He ,&nbsp;Xinyue Zhao ,&nbsp;Sunfa Wang ,&nbsp;Ge Zhang ,&nbsp;Chen Wang ,&nbsp;Fangshuo Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Liu ,&nbsp;Ningning Wu ,&nbsp;Yaohui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study effectively enhances the structural stability and electrochemical performance of silicon anodes by incorporating betaine into the silicon anode material. After the introduction of betaine, a coating layer is formed on the surface of nano Si, which buffers the expansion and contraction of silicon particles, reducing mechanical stress caused by volume changes. No significant cracking and fragmentation were observed after 200 cycles. Concurrently, the incorporation of betaine significantly improved cycling stability, rendering the alloying and dealloying processes more stable, and mitigating the occurrence of side reactions, thereby reducing polarization during cycling. The addition of betaine also effectively improved the transfer capabilities of lithium ions and electrons, enhancing reaction kinetics. After the modification with betaine, the Si-LiFePO₄ (LFP) battery maintained over 80 % of its capacity after 500 cycles at 2C, while the pristine Si exhibited a specific capacity of only 3.11 mAh g^-1 by the 10th cycle. This research provides a new analytical perspective on the application of surfactants in silicon anode materials and offers insights for the development of advanced lithium-ion batteries with superior performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 104300"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning the surface stabilization of LiNiO2 cathode via mixed conductive carbon nanotube/lithium polyacrylate coatings – Electrochemical performance and operando gas evolution analysis","authors":"Rekha Narayan ,&nbsp;Irina Profatilova ,&nbsp;Gregor Kapun ,&nbsp;Elena Tchernychova ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Addes ,&nbsp;Robert Dominko","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>LiNiO₂ (LNO), one of the most promising Ni-rich cathode materials for Li-ion batteries is limited in its practical applicability due to structural and surface degradation. Protective surface coatings are a viable strategy to create a stable interface. In this work, the surface modification of LNO cathode using mixed electron/ion conductive composite coatings based on carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (oMWCNTs) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) is presented, aiming at an optimal balance of electronic and ionic conductivity, respectively. In-situ conversion reaction of PAA with the detrimental Li residues (Li₂CO₃, LiOH) on LNO surface into lithium polyacrylate (LiPAA) coating layer is demonstrated to facilitate Li⁺ ion transport. Fine-tuning of the oMWCNT/PAA ratio shows that the electrochemical performance of the LNO cathode is improved when the ionic contribution is increased to 75% of the total coating. Galvanostatic cycling of coated LNO@oMWCNT/PAA (1:3) in a half-cell configuration shows a capacity retention of 92.5% at the end of 100 cycles at 0.2C, while the uncoated cathode retains only 76.7%. In non-optimized LNO//graphite full cells, the capacity retention improves from 68.4 % for the uncoated LNO to 87.5 % for the coated sample. Finally, operando gas evolution analysis of the LNO electrode by OEMS (online electrochemical mass spectrometry) studies shows that the coated electrode produces significantly less amount of gases during the electrochemical cycling, including hindering of oxygen evolution at high voltage compared to the uncoated LNO electrode, proving the positive effect of the oMWCNT/PAA coating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 104316"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomimetic separator with synergistic ion and solvent transport regulation for practical and high-stability zinc metal batteries","authors":"Tao Li ,&nbsp;Yongqing Gong ,&nbsp;Hange Yang ,&nbsp;Yihong Liu ,&nbsp;Xinji Dong ,&nbsp;Yang Xu ,&nbsp;Hexian Ma ,&nbsp;Chenyu Wei ,&nbsp;Shicong Zhang ,&nbsp;Fuqiang Huang ,&nbsp;Menghao Yang ,&nbsp;Tianquan Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aqueous zinc metal batteries (AZMBs) are hindered by dendrite growth, cathode structural deterioration and side reactions, which arise from uneven diffusion of Zn²⁺ with sluggish de-solvation kinetics and H₂O accumulation at the electrode interfaces. These challenges are closely related to electrolyte solvent and ion transport behavior, which are expected to be resolved through meticulous separator design. In nature, the enzyme-gated ion channels in biological cell membranes facilitate selective ion transport with rapid desolvation, through their specific pore size and enzymatic gating mechanisms. Herein, inspired by intricate structure-function relationship of the enzyme-gated ion channels, we propose a lightweight and mechanically stable separator composed of bacterial cellulose and vermiculite. This separator demonstrates a synergistic effect that enhances selective transport and desolvation kinetics of Zn²⁺ while trapping active H₂O in its bulk phase. This promotes uniform Zn²⁺ diffusion and creates a stable, H₂O-deficient electrolyte environment at electrode interfaces. Such separator enables Zn anodes to achieve a lifespan exceeding 7000 hours (3500 cycles) with a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.77 %, and allows the Mn_0.5V₆O₁₃ cathode (4 mAh cm⁻²) with excellent self-discharge resistance and superior cycling performance with 89.4 % capacity retention over 500 cycles at 0.3 A <em>g</em>⁻¹. Notably, full cell using this separator exhibits remarkable cycling stability for over 400 cycles at a low N/P ratio of 4.4. This innovative separator not only signifies substantial advancements toward practical application of AZMBs, but more importantly, its design concept inspired by nature, from biomimicry to beyond biomimicry, provides valuable insights for future material development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 104311"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}