Jiayu Zhao , Yuefeng Su , Jinyang Dong , Jianan Hao , Huiquan Che , Yun Lu , Ning Li , Bin Zhang , Ping Zhang , Feng Wu , Lai Chen
{"title":"Boosting reaction homogeneity through reverse gradient fluorination for high-performance Li-rich layered cathodes","authors":"Jiayu Zhao , Yuefeng Su , Jinyang Dong , Jianan Hao , Huiquan Che , Yun Lu , Ning Li , Bin Zhang , Ping Zhang , Feng Wu , Lai Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-free lithium-rich cathode materials (LRMNO) demonstrate advantages in capacity and cost, however, a continuous decline in specific capacity during cycling, impedes their commercialization in Li-ion batteries. Ultimately, irreversible anion redox and cumulative bulk strain induce structural instability in the LRMNO cathode. The performance can be enhanced through partial fluorine substitution in oxygen, which adjusts the redox contributions of anions and cations. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of surface F substitution for practical applications remains limited due to the low solubility of F in the cathode material and its modest effect on the bulk lattice. In this study, a new Li<sub>1.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.6</sub>Ni<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> cathode featuring a reverse F concentration gradient (with F increasing linearly from the particle center to the surface) by a secondary sol-gel method was presented, for tailored the effects of fluoridation at varying depths. The gradient-engineered sample demonstrated improved cycle stability and enhanced rate performance, achieving a capacity retention of 95.79 % after 100 cycles at 25 mA g<sup>–1</sup>. These significant enhancements result from reducing the capacity contribution from the less reversible oxygen redox, optimizing bulk strain, and suppressing side reactions. This research proposes a universal strategy to effectively tackle challenges related to heterogeneous lithium-ion transport processes and asynchronous multiredox reactions, particularly for foreign elements with low solubility and prone to passivation layers, thereby mitigating performance degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 104137"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chun Jiang, Jingkun Yan, Qinhao Mao, Zhaoxin Lu, Shuaishuai Chen, Zhenlian Chen, Zhe Peng, Deyu Wang
{"title":"Coordination shell complexing of superoxide anion for stable lithium air battery","authors":"Chun Jiang, Jingkun Yan, Qinhao Mao, Zhaoxin Lu, Shuaishuai Chen, Zhenlian Chen, Zhe Peng, Deyu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superoxide anion is the most critical electrochemical intermediate in lithium air batteries, closely associated with the sluggish oxygen reduction/evolution reaction and undesired parasitic side reactions. Herein, a coordination shell complexing strategy is proposed to concurrently improve the solubility and stability of superoxide anions by adding SnCl<sub>2</sub> in a LiTFSI – DMSO electrolyte. That modifies the solvent sheath to facilitate incorporating superoxide anion into the primary coordination shells of metal cations to form stable complexes in electrolyte, as identified by electron spin resonance spectra in coupling with quantum chemical calculations. The formation of stable superoxide-related complexes boosts solution-phase growth of lithium peroxide and alleviate side products of singlet oxygen, dimethyl sulfone and Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>, leading to super-high full discharge capacity of 96,013 mAhg<sup>-1</sup><sub>carbon</sub> and long duration over 350 cycles. These findings could shed light on the acceleration of the development of advanced lithium air battery and other emergent technology involving oxygen chemistry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 104132"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polycationic polymer functionalized separator to stabilize aqueous zinc-iodine batteries","authors":"Wentao Yuan , Xinghan Qu , Yuanyuan Wang , Xiaotong Li , Xianghao Ru , Diguang Jia , Ladi Zhao , Yueqi Hou , Jixue Shen , Zhaoxi Shen , Ning Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aqueous zinc-iodine (Zn-I<sub>2</sub>) batteries have received widespread interest due to their intrinsic safety, cost-effectiveness, and high capacity. However, their commercial application is hindered by the polyiodide shuttle effect, H<sub>2</sub> evolution, and dendritic Zn growth. Herein, a polycationic polymer functionalized glass fiber (denoted as PT@GF) separator is designed to conquer these challenges simultaneously. The as-prepared polycationic polymer composed of poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium) cation (PDDA) and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion (TFSI) is uniformly integrated into the GF matrix, prepared by a simple dip-coating method. Mechanism studies reveal that the PDDA cations can chemically anchor the polyiodide anion intermediates to effectively prevent the shuttle effect. Given the intimate contact between the separator and Zn electrode, the hydrophobic polymer can create a water-poor interface on Zn and form H-bonds with H<sub>2</sub>O to suppress H<sub>2</sub> evolution, and polycations can homogenize the electric field distribution on Zn, thus enabling compact Zn electrodeposition. Consequently, the PT@GF separator endows Zn//Zn cells with a long lifespan of 1600 h (2.5 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup> at 5 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>) and excellent deep-cycling stability under 51.3 % depth-of-discharge (15 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup>). In addition, the PT@GF separator supports the stable operation of pouch-type Zn-I<sub>2</sub> battery under a high-areal capacity of 5.24 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup> over 400 cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 104130"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shenghao Jing , Kun Wang , Sijia Li , Yang Lu , Yongle Chen , Kun Zhang , Fanqun Li , Shuo Yin , Zongliang Zhang , Fangyang Liu
{"title":"An all-in-one approach for sulfide solid electrolyte with bidirectional stabilization shells enabling 4.6 V all-solid-state lithium batteries","authors":"Shenghao Jing , Kun Wang , Sijia Li , Yang Lu , Yongle Chen , Kun Zhang , Fanqun Li , Shuo Yin , Zongliang Zhang , Fangyang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The narrow electrochemical window of sulfide electrolytes can lead to different failure mechanisms at the interfaces of the cathode and anode sides. The introduction of distinct modification strategies for the cathode and anode sides increases the complexity of the fabrication process for sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs). In this work, an integrated modification strategy was employed by introducing lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) shells during the wet refinement process of Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Cl (LPSC), which successfully in situ constructed robust fluorinated interfaces on both the cathode and anode sides simultaneously. On the lithium anode side, the decreased electronic conductivity of LiTFSI@LPSC and the generation of fluorinated interface effectively suppressed lithium dendrite growth, which was further confirmed by the Density-Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. As a result, the Li|LiTFSI@LPSC|Li cell realized the critical current density up to 1.6 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> and stable cycling performance over 1500 h at 0.2 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. On the cathode side, the LiTFSI@LPSC not only enhanced Li<sup>+</sup> transport within the composite cathode, but also the LiTFSI shell in situ decomposed into LiF based cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI). The capacity retention achieved 98.6 % after 500 cycles at 2C with LiNi<sub>0.83</sub>Co<sub>0.11</sub>Mn<sub>0.06</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NCM83) at high cut-off voltage of 4.6 V. The functionalized LiTFSI@LPSC facilitates comprehensive, all-in-one interfacial modification for both the anode and cathode sides, significantly simplifying the interface engineering in sulfide-based ASSLBs while delivering exceptional electrochemical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 104131"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinsong Yu , Xin Sun , Xuesong Shen , Dejun Zhang , Zongfa Xie , Niancheng Guo , Yanan Wang
{"title":"Stack pressure-A critical strategy and challenge in performance optimization of solid state batteries","authors":"Jinsong Yu , Xin Sun , Xuesong Shen , Dejun Zhang , Zongfa Xie , Niancheng Guo , Yanan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to their excellent energy density, solid-state batteries (SSBs) are expected to play an important role in future energy storage and transportation fields. However, the practical application of SSBs still faces many challenges, including poor contact at the electrode - solid electrolyte (SE) interface, inferior interfacial stability, and low ionic conductivity of SE and electrode materials, which further affect the capacity, C-rate performance, cycle life and safety of SSBs. It has been demonstrated that appropriate stack pressure is a critical factor in improving interfacial contact quality, enhancing interfacial stability, and increasing ionic conductivity of materials in SSBs. To this end, this paper comprehensively summarizes the important role and challenges of stack pressure in the performance optimization of SSBs. First, the effects and mechanisms of stack pressure on the interfacial contact quality of SSBs are analyzed, including the anode-SE interface and the cathode-SE interface, as well as how stack pressure should be applied to improve interfacial contact quality. Then, the effects and mechanisms of stack pressure on the interfacial stability of SSBs are analyzed, including the stabilizing effect on lithium deposition/stripping and the inhibiting effect on lithium dendrites, as well as how stack pressure should be applied to enhance interfacial stability. Next, the effects of stack pressure on SE materials and electrode materials are analyzed, proposing that the ionic conductivity and cyclic stability of SSBs can be increased by pressure-affected parameters such as porosity and volume change rates of SE and electrode materials. With respect to the high demand for stack pressure in SSBs, methods and strategies that can effectively reduce the stack pressure are further discussed, including the adoption of novel interfaces, novel materials, and novel processes. The directions for future research and development are prospected at last.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 104134"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advancing high-voltage cathodes for sodium-ion batteries: Challenges, material innovations and future directions","authors":"Jiaqi Ke, Laisuo Su","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-voltage cathode materials are fundamental to the advancement of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), offering a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to lithium-ion batteries for energy storage. This review comprehensively examines critical cathode material classes, including polyanionic compounds, layered transition metal oxides, tunnel-structured materials, and Prussian blue analogues. These materials exhibit diverse structural and electrochemical properties, addressing specific challenges such as phase transitions, low conductivity, and structural instability. To overcome these issues, innovative strategies including doping, gradient structures, surface engineering, nano-structuring, and high-entropy material design are developed, offering pathways to enhance stability and capacity retention under high-voltage conditions. Furthermore, advanced characterization techniques and artificial intelligence-driven tools are explored to provide deeper insights into the behaviors of cathode materials, enabling real-time structural analysis and predictive computational modeling for optimization. Integrating experimental and computational approaches not only accelerates the discovery of next-generation cathode materials but also addresses the trade-offs between performance, scalability, and sustainability. By offering a comprehensive framework, this review identifies critical directions for overcoming existing challenges and unlocking the full potential of high-voltage cathode materials for SIBs in grid-scale energy storage and renewable energy applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 104133"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenying Li , Yu Wang , François Rabuel , Michael Deschamps , Gwenaëlle Rousse , Ozlem Sel , Jean-Marie Tarascon
{"title":"Na2-xMn[Fe(CN)6] Prussian blue analog cathodes for Na-ion batteries – From fundamentals to practical demonstration","authors":"Zhenying Li , Yu Wang , François Rabuel , Michael Deschamps , Gwenaëlle Rousse , Ozlem Sel , Jean-Marie Tarascon","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) hold significant promise as potential cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to their various merits, such as large interstitial voids enabling efficient diffusive pathways, high theoretical capacity, ease of synthesis and lower cost. However, the structural water unavoidably generated during the synthesis significantly impacts the practical applications of PBAs. While it provides structural support, it can also undergo side reactions with sodium, compromising the stability and overall performance. To address this, we here in focus on the specific role of interstitial structural water in Na<sub>2-x</sub>Mn[Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sub>1-y</sub>∙□<sub>y</sub>∙nH<sub>2</sub>O analogue, leading to the formation of hydrated H-NaMnHCF and dehydrated D-NaMnHCF. This allows us to elucidate the impact of interstitial structural water on the charge storage mechanisms in a comparative manner, using a combination of <em>ex</em>-<em>situ</em> and <em>in</em>-<em>situ</em> tools, including solid-state NMR, electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), and IR fiber-optic evanescent-wave-spectroscopy (IR-FOEWS). From this gained knowledge, we elaborated a processing protocol enabling the straightforward assembly of NaMnHCF 18650 cells using hard carbon (HC) anodes, demonstrating capacities of 548 mAh and high-rate capabilities (72 % of initial capacity at 10C). We believe that this contribution is of special interest to accelerate the commercial development of NaMnHCF PBA-based SIBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 104118"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal-durable electrolytes towards ultrawide-temperature lithium-ion batteries with high-voltage layered oxide cathodes: Failure mechanisms and stability countermeasures","authors":"Tao Meng, Xianluo Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for electric vehicles and grid energy storage has intensified interest in high-energy lithium-ion batteries (HE-LIBs) that perform reliably at elevated temperatures, particularly above 55 °C. However, advanced cathode materials, such as layered transition-metal oxides (LTMOs), often suffer from instability, as conventional electrolytes degrade and trigger undesirable interphasial reactions at these temperatures. To address this issue, developing thermal-durable and oxidation-resistant electrolytes is essential. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the degradation mechanisms of electrolytes in high-temperature LTMO-based LIBs. Key electrolyte design strategies to mitigate these issues and enhance LTMO performance in high-temperature environments are discussed. Moreover, current challenges and proposed future research directions in developing high-performance electrolytes compatible with LTMOs are outlined. The insights presented here help to guide the development of superior electrolytes that can sustain high-temperature operations, ultimately improving the reliability, safety, and lifespan of HE-LIBs in harsh and demanding environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 104126"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huidong Dai , Colin Gallagher , Seong-Min Bak , Luisa Gomes , Kevin Yang , Ruizhi Dong , Srinidi Badhrinathan , Qing Zhao , Yonghua Du , Gaind P. Pandey , Sanjeev Mukerjee
{"title":"Mechanistic understanding of a bifunctional carbonate additive for enhanced performance in lithium-sulfur battery","authors":"Huidong Dai , Colin Gallagher , Seong-Min Bak , Luisa Gomes , Kevin Yang , Ruizhi Dong , Srinidi Badhrinathan , Qing Zhao , Yonghua Du , Gaind P. Pandey , Sanjeev Mukerjee","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries stand promising for next-generation energy storage systems due to their high specific capacity and cost-effectiveness. However, their commercialization is hindered by sluggish sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) kinetics and polysulfide migration. To address these challenges, we introduce bis(4-nitrophenyl) carbonate (BNC) as a bifunctional electrolyte additive. At an optimal concentration, BNC leverages its polar nature to anchor soluble polysulfides while simultaneously modifying the Li<sup>+</sup> solvation structure at the molecular level, enhancing SRR kinetics. This dual functionality is confirmed through molecular dynamics simulations and electrochemical analyses. In situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) further shows that optimal BNC concentration reduces activation energy for polysulfides formation by 40.6%. Operando spectroscopic techniques, including Raman and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), demonstrate BNC's dual effect, with a focus on the middle-chain polysulfides conversion, supported by detailed polysulfide quantification. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping reveals decreased sulfur deposition on lithium, indicating the effectiveness of shuttle suppression. These effects contribute to outstanding cycling performance under practical conditions, achieving 650.93 mAh g<sub>sulfur</sub><sup>-1</sup> and coulombic efficiency of 93% over 200 cycles at a C-rate of C/2. This work not only offers valuable insights into the use of unconventional carbonate-based additives but also provides a blueprint for advancing Li-S battery designs through targeted solvation structure modifications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 104123"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unveiling the impact of electrode curvature on N/P ratio variations in cylindrical lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Byeong-Jin Jeon, Yeong-Hyeon Lee, Kyeong-Min Jeong","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cylindrical lithium-ion batteries offer several advantages over their flat-body counterparts, including a more robust structure. However, their inherent electrode curvature restricts both electrochemical performance and stability. This study investigates the impact of electrode curvature on cell behavior by simulating the curvature of cathode/anode layers at specific radial positions within the cylindrical cell to fabricate single-sheet cells with specific curvatures. Our analysis of the custom-fabricated and commercial 21700 cells reveals that electrode curvature varies with radial position, which leads to local variations in the negative-to-positive electrode capacity ratio (N/P ratio). These variations result in local electrochemical performance variations, causing capacity inconsistencies and increasing the risk of lithium-metal deposition. Moreover, using high-nickel cathode materials exacerbates this sensitivity to curvature, making it a crucial design consideration. Unlike flat-sheet batteries, cylindrical batteries require a tailored design approach that optimizes the N/P ratio while accounting for electrode curvature. Our findings provide crucial guidance for enhancing the design and performance of cylindrical batteries by mitigating curvature-related risks, thereby improving their safety and longevity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 104117"},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}