Horizonte Medico最新文献

{"title":"Estrés oxidativo por humo de leña en mujeres nativas de gran altura - 3850 m s. n. m.","authors":"Ingrid Gaby Melgarejo-Pomar, Elfride Balanza-Erquicia, Jesús Santiago Gómez-Mendivil, Lizeth Torrez-Colmena","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.09","url":null,"abstract":"espanolObjetivo: Determinar los niveles sanguineos de dos biomarcadores de estres oxidativo en mujeres expuestas al humo de lena, nativas y residentes de gran altura (3850 m s. n. m.). Se analizaron el malondialdehido (MDA), y el porcentaje de carboxihemoglobina en sangre venosa (CHOb), que tambien es un marcador de hipoxia celular.Materiales y metodos: Estudio descriptivo, serie de casos, realizado en 74 mujeres, entre 14 a 55 anos, expuestas al humo de lena y oriundas del area rural del municipio de Copacabana (La Paz, Bolivia) a 3850 m s. n. m. La seleccion se hizo mediante una encuesta y un examen clinico completo. Se determinaron los niveles de MDA y el porcentaje de CHOb en sangre venosa, y se midieron variables demograficas y la saturacion transcutanea de oxigeno. Para el analisis estadistico descriptivo y las medidas de tendencia central se empleo el paquete estadistico SPSS version 18.Resultados: Se estudiaron 74 mujeres entre 14 a 55 anos. Se encontro una media de MDA de 5,5 μmol/L ± 2 y una mediana de CHOb de 1 % (p25 –p75: 0,7 – 1,6). Las mujeres que refirieron quemar una mezcla de eucalipto con estiercol de vaca u oveja presentaron una media de MDA mayor y una mediana de CHOb de 2,5 %.Conclusiones: En esta poblacion nativa y residente a gran altura, la contaminacion del aire en interiores (CAI) incrementa el estres oxidativo. Esto se demuestra en el aumento del MDA y en la diferencia con los valores de este biomarcador en la poblacion sana nativa de altura y del llano. Asimismo, los valores de MDA y CHOb son mayores en quienes usaron una mezcla de lena con estiercol de vaca u oveja, por la mayor nocividad de la mezcla. EnglishABSTRACT Objective: To determine the blood levels of two oxidative stress biomarkers among native women exposed to wood smoke living at high altitude (3,850 m a.s.l.). Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) percentage in venous blood, which is also a cellular hypoxia biomarker, were analyzed.Materials and methods: A descriptive case-series study conducted in 74 women between 14 and 55 years of age exposed to wood smoke and coming from the rural area of the Copacabana Municipality (La Paz, Bolivia) at 3,850 m a.s.l. Screening was carried out through a survey and a complete physical examination. MDA levels and COHb percentage in venous blood were determined, and the demographic variables and transcutaneous oxygen saturation were measured. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed and measures of central tendency were calculated using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 18.Results: Seventy-four (74) women between 14 and 55 years of age were examined. This examination resulted in a mean level of 5.5 μmol/L ± 2 MDA and a median percentage of 1 % COHb (p25 –p75: 0.7 - 1.6). Women who used to burn a mixture of eucalyptus and cow or sheep dung had a higher mean level of MDA and a median percentage of 2.5 % COHb.Conclusions: Indoor air pollution (CAI) due to wood smoke increases the oxidative stress amo","PeriodicalId":30557,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Medico","volume":"20 1","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48508978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disfunción cardiaca subclínica en pacientes oncológicos: reporte de un caso","authors":"Enrique Ruiz-Mori, Leonor Ayala-Bustamante, Edgar Quispe Silvestre, Rowel Rolando Rivas Flores, Jorge Vicente Burgos Bustamante","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.12","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa cardiotoxicidad es una entidad clinica relativamente nueva que, en caso de insuficiencia cardiaca, es un marcador de mal pronostico en sobrevivientes de cancer que han recibido, con mayor frecuencia, tratamiento con antraciclinas o trastuzumab. En estos pacientes, la deteccion de la disfuncion cardiaca en estadio subclinico permite descubrir precozmente el compromiso miocardico y evitar un mayor dano al corazon. El incremento de troponina I y los avances tecnologicos en imagenes como el strain longitudinal global permiten detectar esta condicion. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 17 anos diagnosticada de osteosarcoma en la pierna izquierda y que recibio antraciclinas. En la evaluacion cardiovascular fue asintomatica, con funcion ventricular izquierda normal (60 %), strain disminuido (-15 %) y troponina I elevada (115 ng/mL). Se diagnostico disfuncion cardiaca asintomatica, y se indico carvedilol 6,25 mg/dia. Luego de 3 meses de tratamiento el strain se normalizo (-20 %) y la troponina I (19 ng/mL). Este caso es un ejemplo de la utilidad de las nuevas unidades de cardio-oncologia que permiten evaluar, diagnosticar y tratar precozmente a los pacientes oncologicos, para evitar la cardiotoxicidad y su respectiva mortalidad. EnglishAbstract Cardiotoxicity is a relatively new clinical entity which, in the case of heart failure, is a marker of poor prognosis in cancer survivors who have received more frequent treatments with anthracyclines or trastuzumab. In these patients, detecting a cardiac dysfunction in the subclinical stage can reveal early myocardial involvement and avoid further damage to the heart. Technological advances in imaging, such as the global longitudinal strain, and the increase in troponin I enable the detection of this condition. This case report involves a 17-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with osteosarcoma in her left leg and received anthracyclines. In the cardiovascular evaluation, she was asymptomatic, and showed normal left ventricular function (60 %), decreased strain rate (-15 %) and elevated troponin I levels (115 ng/mL). Asymptomatic cardiac dysfunction was diagnosed and carvedilol 6.25 mg/day was prescribed. After 3 months of treatment, the strain rate (-20 %) and troponin I (19 ng/mL) levels returned to normal. This is an example of the usefulness of new cardiooncology units that allow cancer patients to be evaluated, diagnosed and treated early in order to avoid cardiotoxicity and the resulting mortality.","PeriodicalId":30557,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Medico","volume":"20 1","pages":"88-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47848260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efectividad del vendaje neuromuscular propioceptivo en pacientes con dolor cervical mecánico crónico en un hospital estatal, Lima, Perú","authors":"Violeta Del Aguila Torres, Janelle Lermo Fajardo, Cristhian Santiago Bazán","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.02","url":null,"abstract":"espanolObjetivo: Determinar la influencia de la aplicacion del vendaje neuromuscular propioceptivo (VNP) en pacientes con dolor cervical mecanico cronico (DCMC) en un hospital estatal, Lima, Peru.Materiales y metodos: Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo cuasi experimental y de corte longitudinal, prospectivo realizado entre abril y junio del 2018. La muestra estuvo formada por 30 pacientes, divididos en dos grupos de 15 participantes cada uno: el grupo experimental (en que se aplico el VNP) y un grupo control (que empleo el tratamiento convencional). En ambos grupos se considero una evaluacion de entrada y una evaluacion de salida. Para evaluar el dolor se utilizo la escala analoga del dolor y para medir el grado de discapacidad se empleo el cuestionario de indice de discapacidad cervical. Para el analisis estadistico se utilizo el programa STATA version 13 (con la prueba T Student) que confirma la diferencia significativa que existe entre los promedios del pretest y el postest.Resultados: La aplicacion del VNP influye estadisticamente en la disminucion del dolor cervical mecanico cronico (p=0,000) y una mejora del indice de discapacidad cervical (p=0,000).Conclusiones: Se demostro una influencia estadisticamente significativa en la disminucion del dolor cervical y el indice de discapacidad en pacientes con DCMC. Por lo tanto, este procedimiento se deberia considerar como parte del tratamiento de DCMC. EnglishABSTRACT Objective: To determine the influence of applying a proprioceptive neuromuscular taping (VNP) on patients with chronic mechanical neck pain (DCMC) at a state hospital in Lima, Peru. Materials and methods: A quantitative-approach, quasi-experimental, longitudinal, prospective study conducted between April and June 2018. The sample consisted of 30 patients divided into two groups of 15 participants each: an experimental group (in whom the VNP was applied) and a control group (in whom the conventional treatment was applied). Both groups underwent a pretest and a posttest. Pain was evaluated by the analogue pain scale and the degree of disability was measured by the neck disability index questionnaire. The statistical analysis was performed using the Stata 13 program and the Student’s t-test, which confirms that there is a significant difference between the pretest and posttest averages. Results: The application of the VNP statistically influences the reduction of the chronic mechanical neck pain (p = 0.000) and the improvement of the neck disability index (p = 0.000). Conclusions: A statistically significant influence was shown on the reduction of neck pain and the disability index in patients with DCMC. Therefore, this medical procedure should be taken into consideration as part of the DCMC treatment.","PeriodicalId":30557,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Medico","volume":"20 1","pages":"6-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47853353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronavirus y las amenazas a la salud mundial","authors":"Frank Lizaraso Caparó, José Carlos Del Carmen Sara","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Since the mid-nineteenth century, in the face of the cholera epidemics that devastated Europe, the health authorities of the affected countries identified the need to generate mechanisms that “ensure the maximum security against the international spread of diseases with a minimum interference with world traffic.” In November 1924, during the VII Pan American Sanitary Conference held in Havana, Cuba, the governments of 21 American republics signed and ratified the Pan American Sanitary Code to achieve the aforementioned goal, supported by the cooperation of governments, which encouraged the exchange of information, and strengthened public health actions and the adoption of measures used at entry points.","PeriodicalId":30557,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Medico","volume":"20 1","pages":"4-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48267275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalidad situacional y síndrome de burnout en trabajadores de una institución especializada en rehabilitación","authors":"María del Carmen Rodríguez Ramírez, Pedro Enrique Reátegui-Vargas","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.05","url":null,"abstract":"espanolObjetivo: Demostrar el nivel de correlacion entre las dimensiones del sindrome de burnout y los factores de personalidad situacional en los trabajadores de una institucion especializada en rehabilitacion.Materiales y metodos: Estudio de tipo no experimental, transversal y correlacional. Fueron 194 participantes entre personal asistencial y administrativo, nombrados y contratados, del Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, a quienes se les instruyo de manera individual para la aplicacion personalizada del Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) y del Cuestionario de Personalidad Situacional (CPS).Resultados: Existe un nivel mayor de agotamiento emocional en el personal asistencial en comparacion con el personal administrativo. El agotamiento emocional se asocia, principalmente, a los factores de ansiedad, estabilidad emocional, agresividad y confianza y seguridad en si mismo; mientras que la dimension realizacion personal (RP) se relaciona mas a las escalas de control cognitivo, eficacia, agresividad y confianza y seguridad en si mismo.Conclusiones: En este estudio, el sindrome de burnout demostro estar relacionado con algunas caracteristicas de la personalidad situacional. EnglishABSTRACT Objective: To demonstrate the correlation between the dimensions of burnout syndrome and the factors of situational personality in workers of a rehabilitation center.Materials and methods: A non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational study conducted with 194 participants belonging to the health and administrative personnel, as permanent or temporary employees, of the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, who were individually instructed to answer the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Situational Personality Questionnaire (SPQ).Results: The health personnel showed higher levels of psychological burnout than the administrative personnel. Psychological burnout was mainly associated with factors such as anxiety, emotional stability, aggressiveness, self-confidence and self-assurance, whereas the personal realization (PR) dimension was related, to a greater extent, to scales of cognitive control, efficacy, aggressiveness, self-confidence and self-assurance.Conclusions: The study showed that the burnout syndrome is related to some characteristics of situational personality.","PeriodicalId":30557,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Medico","volume":"20 1","pages":"30-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47268215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actitud, motivación y ansiedad y su relación con el rendimiento académico en estudiantes del Posgrado. Universidad César Vallejo 2017","authors":"Miryam Griselda Lora Loza","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.06","url":null,"abstract":"espanolObjetivo: Determinar la relacion entre la actitud, motivacion y ansiedad con el rendimiento academico en estudiantes del Posgrado de Ciencias Medicas de la Universidad Cesar Vallejo, 2017.Materiales y metodos: Estudio descriptivo-correlacional de diseno transversal en 240 estudiantes de la Maestria en Gestion de los Servicios de Salud 2017-I II que respondieron voluntariamente al Cuestionario IPRI, via correo electronico, a traves de los coordinadores de las sedes academicas de Tacna, Huancayo, Ica, Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Abancay y Trujillo.Resultados: Se encontro a nivel nacional una mayor proporcion de estudiantes cuya actitud es buena hacia los contenidos academicos (52,9 %) y hacia los aprendizajes (54,6 %) y es regular hacia las implicancias sociales (75,8 %). La motivacion intrinseca es media (68,3 %), asi como, la motivacion extrinseca (50,8 %). La amotivacion es baja (78,8 %). El estado de ansiedad es normal (78,8 %) y los rasgos de ansiedad son normales (78,3 %). El rendimiento academico es bueno (55,4 %).Conclusiones: Existe correlacion positiva significativa entre las dimensiones de la actitud (hacia las implicancias sociales), y la motivacion extrinseca, con respecto al rendimiento academico. EnglishAbstract Objective: To determine the relationship that attitude, motivation and anxiety have with the academic performance in students of the Master´s Program in Medical Sciences of the Universidad Cesar Vallejo, 2017.Materials and methods: A descriptive-correlational cross-sectional study was carried out in 240 students of the Master's Program in Healthcare Administration 2017-I/II that voluntarily answered the IPRI Questionnaire, via e-mail, through the coordinators of the academic offices in Tacna, Huancayo, Ica, Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Abancay and Trujillo.Results: The research showed a higher proportion of students with a good attitude towards the academic content (52.9 %) and learning (54.6 %), and a fair attitude towards social implications (75.8 %) at a national level. The intrinsic and extrinsic motivation showed fair levels (68.3 % and 50.8 %, respectively), while the amotivation levels were low (78.8 %). The anxiety state and features exhibited normal levels (78.8 % and 78.3 %, respectively), and the academic performance was good (55.4 %).Conclusions: There is a significant positive correlation between the dimensions of attitude (towards social implications) and extrinsic motivation regarding the academic performance.","PeriodicalId":30557,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Medico","volume":"20 1","pages":"37-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44013481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calidad de vida en mujeres con cáncer de mama que acuden al Departamento de Oncología. Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión. Callao – 2018","authors":"Paulo César Olivares-Taipe, José Aguilar-Saenz, Rolando Adrianzen-Tantachuco, José Revilla-López, Allyn Zavaleta-Pesantes, Giovanini Martinez-Asmad, A. Huapaya-Cabrera","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2019.v19n4.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2019.v19n4.07","url":null,"abstract":"espanolObjetivo: Determinar la calidad de vida en mujeres con cancer de mama que acuden al Departamento de Oncologia en el Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrion (Callao). Materiales y metodos: El estudio fue de tipo basico, diseno observacional, nivel descriptivo, prospectivo y de corte transversal. Las unidades muestrales fueron 100 pacientes con cancer de mama, en el periodo correspondiente a mayo y julio del 2018. El instrumento de recoleccion de datos es un cuestionario con 34 items. Resultados: La mayoria de mujeres con esta enfermedad se ubican en el nivel regular (93 %), en la dimension fisica la mayoria de casos estan en el nivel regular (98 %), la dimension psicologica tambien se ubica en el nivel regular (87 %), y en la dimension social en el nivel malo (77 %). Conclusiones: Las caracteristicas de las mujeres con esta enfermedad son dificultades en diferentes partes del cuerpo; en la dimension psicologica presentan una calidad de vida poco saludable con intranquilidad y ansiedad; en la dimension social, la calidad de vida es de nivel malo, lo que describe que muchas mujeres que padecen el mal participan muy poco de las reuniones sociales, visitas de recreacion y manifiestan un alejamiento de sus amistades y familiares. EnglishObjective: To determine the quality of life in women with breast cancer who visit the Oncology Department of the Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrion (Callao). Materials and methods: This study had a basic, observational, descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 100 patients with breast cancer who visited the hospital between May and July 2018. The data collection instrument was a 34-item questionnaire. Results: Most women with this disease had a fair quality of life (93 %). In the physical and psychological dimensions, most of them also presented a fair quality of life (98 % and 87 %, respectively) and, in the social dimension, they showed a poor quality of life (77 %). Conclusions: These women experienced problems in different parts of their body. In the psychological dimension, they presented an unhealthy quality of life generating a sense of uneasiness and anxiety. In the social dimension, they also presented a poor quality of life resulting in little participation in social gatherings and recreational visits, and a rift from friends and family.","PeriodicalId":30557,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Medico","volume":"19 1","pages":"50-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47777707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuestro objetivo: la dolencia o la enfermedad","authors":"Frank Lizaraso Caparó, Enrique Ruiz Mori","doi":"10.24265/HORIZMED.2019.V19N4.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/HORIZMED.2019.V19N4.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30557,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Medico","volume":"19 1","pages":"4-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68832821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Características de las plantas medicinales comercializadas en diferentes mercados de Lima Metropolitana y sus efectos sobre el medio ambiente y la salud pública","authors":"Jesús Silva Alarcón, Jorge Cabrera Meléndez, Omar V. Trujillo Villarroel, Ivonne F. Reyes-Mandujano","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2019.v19n4.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2019.v19n4.09","url":null,"abstract":"espanolObjetivo: Evaluar las caracteristicas de las plantas medicinales comercializadas en diferentes mercados de Lima Metropolitana y sus efectos sobre el medio ambiente y la salud publica. Materiales y metodos: Se realizo un estudio descriptivo en mercados populares de Lima. Los datos se obtuvieron a traves de entrevistas semiestructuradas y observacion no participante. Las variables consideradas fueron los nombres comunes, el origen, la forma de venta, la parte comercializada, el uso reportado, la estacionalidad y las especies mas demandadas. Se consulto bibliografia especializada para determinar el origen de la especie y la categorizacion de especies amenazadas de flora silvestre para el estado de amenaza. Resultados: Se registraron 219 especimenes de plantas medicinales; se identificaron 183 que correspondian a 65 familias botanicas, principalmente, Asteraceae (37) y Lamiaceae (17), algunas de ellas en peligro de extincion. Conclusiones: Las plantas provienen, mayormente, de las tierras altas peruanas y se comercializan en forma de \"atados\". Una misma especie puede ser ofrecida para el tratamiento de varios problemas de salud. La demanda aumenta en invierno ( >85 especies). Las especies que se venden con mayor frecuencia son manzanilla, oregano, cedron, toronjil, yerbaluisa, hinojo, muna, sabila o aloe, llanten y coca. Del total de especies identificadas, el 10 % esta en peligro de extincion. EnglishObjective: To evaluate the characteristics of medicinal plants traded in different popular markets of Lima Metropolitan Area and their effects on the environment and public health. Materials and methods: A descriptive study was carried out in popular markets of Lima. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and non-participant observation. The variables to be considered were common names, origin, retailing/wholesaling, part of the plant to be traded, reported use, seasonality and most demanded species. Specialized bibliography was reviewed to determine the origin of the species and their threat categorization for endangered wild flora species. Results: Two hundred ninteeen (219) species of medicinal plants were collected, out of which 183 were taxonomically identified and belonged to 65 botanical families, mostly Asteraceae (37) and Lamiaceae (17), some of them in danger of extinction. Conclusions: The plants mainly come from the Peruvian highlands and are marketed in \"bundles\". A same species whose demand is increased in winter (> 85 species) may be offered for the treatment of several health problems. The most frequently sold species are chamomile, oregano, cedron, melissa or lemon balm, lemon grass, fennel, muna (Minthostachys mollis), aloe, broadleaf plantain and coca. Out of the total number of species identified, 10 % is endangered.","PeriodicalId":30557,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Medico","volume":"19 1","pages":"63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48293134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factores de riesgo para tuberculosis pulmonar en trabajadores de salud. Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo. Lima, Perú","authors":"Carlos Contreras Camarena","doi":"10.24265/horizmed.2019.v19n4.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2019.v19n4.04","url":null,"abstract":"espanolObjetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo para tuberculosis pulmonar en trabajadores de salud del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo. Lima, Peru. Materiales y metodos: Estudio analitico de casos y controles. La poblacion de estudio fueron trabajadores de salud con diagnostico de tuberculosis pulmonar del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo. Lima, Peru. Se recolectaron variables epidemiologicas (edad, sexo, comorbilidad, grupo ocupacional), variables ventilatorias (velocidad, direccion y patron del flujo aereo, sistema de ventilacion cerrada) y ambientales (luz ultravioleta, aire acondicionado). Se utilizo analisis univariado, se determino el riesgo relativo, estimado por Odds Ratio con su respectivo intervalo de confianza al 95 %. Posteriormente, se utilizo un modelo predictivo de regresion logistica multivariado paso a paso para identificar los factores de riesgo. Se considero el valor de p Resultados: La tasa de incidencia habitual de tuberculosis pulmonar fue de 348 por 100 000. Los factores asociados fueron velocidad del flujo aereo menor de 0,7m/s, presencia de aire acondicionado en los ambientes hospitalarios, elevado grado de hacinamiento (espacio libre menor de 2 m2/persona), edad menor de 40 anos, presencia de al menos una comorbilidad, y el tiempo de trabajo hospitalario menor de 20 anos. Conclusiones: La presencia de alto grado de hacinamiento y el tiempo de trabajo hospitalario menor a 20 anos constituyen importantes factores de riesgo para tuberculosis pulmonar activa en trabajadores de salud del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo. EnglishObjective: To determine the risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis in health-care workers of the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo in Lima, Peru. Materials and methods: A case-control analytical study. The study population consisted of health-care workers of the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo in Lima, Peru, diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. Epidemiological variables (age, sex, comorbidity, occupational group), ventilatory variables (airflow velocity, direction and pattern; closed ventilation system) and environmental variables (ultraviolet light, air conditioning) were collected. A univariate analysis was performed, and the relative risk was estimated by odds ratio and its corresponding 95 % confidence interval. Subsequently, a multivariate logistic regression predictive model was used step by step to identify the risk factors. A p value Results: The usual incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis was 348 per 100,000 health-care workers. The associated factors were airflow velocity less than 0.7 m/s, use of air-conditioning in hospital rooms, high levels of overcrowding (available space less than 2 m2/person), age less than 40 years, presence of at least one comorbidity, and hospital job time less than 20 years. Conclusions: High levels of overcrowding and hospital job time less than 20 years are important risk factors for active pulmonary tuberculosis in health-care workers of the Hospital Nacional Dos de","PeriodicalId":30557,"journal":{"name":"Horizonte Medico","volume":"19 1","pages":"20-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47406696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}