S Fyyaz, H Rasoul, C Miles, O Olabintan, S David, S Plein, K Alfakih
{"title":"ESC 2019 guidelines on chronic coronary syndromes: could calcium scoring improve detection of coronary artery disease in patients with low risk score. Findings from a retrospective cohort of patients in a district general hospital.","authors":"S Fyyaz, H Rasoul, C Miles, O Olabintan, S David, S Plein, K Alfakih","doi":"10.1177/20480040211032789","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20480040211032789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published an updated stable chest pain guideline in 2019, recommending the use of an updated pre-test probability (PTP) risk score (RS) to assess the likelihood of coronary artery disease (CAD). We sought to compare the 2019 and 2013 PTPRS in a contemporary cohort of patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>612 patients who were investigated with computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) for stable chest pain were included in a retrospective analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 255 patients with 2019 PTPRS 15-50% with a 9% yield of severe CAD on CTCA, compared with 402 patients and a 4% yield using the 2013 PTPRS (p = 0.01). 355 patients had a 2019 PTPRS of <15%, with 3% found to have severe CAD, compared with 67 patients and none with severe CAD using the 2013 PTPRS (p = 0.14). 336 of patients with 2019 PTPRS of <15% had a calcium score as part of the CTCA. 223 of these had a zero calcium score and only one had severe CAD. In comparison, 113 patients had a positive calcium score, and 10 (9%) had severe CAD (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The ESC 2019 PTPRS classifies more patients as at lower risk of CAD and hence reduces the risk overestimation associated with the 2013 PTPRS. However, in patients with a 2019 PTPRS of <15%, who would not be investigated, the use of the calcium score detected the majority of patients with significant CAD, who may benefit from secondary prevention and an associated mortality benefit as per the SCOT-Heart trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":30457,"journal":{"name":"JRSM Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"10 ","pages":"20480040211032789"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/20480040211032789","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39278536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph A Nardolillo, Joel C Marrs, Sarah L Anderson, Rebecca Hanratty, Joseph J Saseen
{"title":"Retrospective cohort study of statin prescribing for primary prevention among people living with HIV.","authors":"Joseph A Nardolillo, Joel C Marrs, Sarah L Anderson, Rebecca Hanratty, Joseph J Saseen","doi":"10.1177/20480040211031068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20480040211031068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare statin prescribing rates between intermediate-risk people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PLWH) and intermediate-risk patients without a diagnosis of HIV for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort study . Electronic health record data were used to identify a cohort of PLWH aged 40-75 years with a calculated 10-year ASCVD risk between 7.5%-19.9% as determined by the Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE). A matched cohort of primary prevention non-HIV patients was identified. The primary outcome was the proportion of PLWH who were prescribed statin therapy compared to patients who were not living with HIV and were prescribed statin therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>81 patients meeting study criteria in the PLWH cohort were matched to 81 non-HIV patients. The proportion of patients prescribed statins was 33.0% and 30.9% in the PLWH and non-HIV cohorts, respectively (p = 0.74).<b>Conclusion and relevance:</b> This study evaluated statin prescribing in PLWH for primary prevention of ASCVD as described in the 2018 AHA/ACC/Multisociety guideline. Rates of statin prescribing were similar, yet overall low, among intermediate-risk primary prevention PLWH compared to those not diagnosed with HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":30457,"journal":{"name":"JRSM Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"10 ","pages":"20480040211031068"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/20480040211031068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39207519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ruptured infected popliteal artery aneurysm treated with endovascular therapy: A case report.","authors":"Shunsuke Kojima, Tatsuya Nakama, Kotaro Obunai, Hiroyuki Watanabe","doi":"10.1177/20480040211027792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20480040211027792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An 86-year-old woman was admitted for a ruptured popliteal artery aneurysm (rPAA, 26 × 28 mm). Due to the patient's age and comorbidities, emergency endovascular repair was performed. After the failed antegrade guidewire crossing, a retrograde approach from the anterior tibial artery and snaring was performed for lesion crossing, and stentgraft (5 × 50 mm) was deployed from antegrade fashion. At the 14-month follow-up, computed tomography angiogram demonstrated stentgraft patency and reduced aneurysmal size. Although open surgery remains the first-line treatment for infected rPAA, our approach adds to the evidence and can be applied to emergency cases or high-risk surgical patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":30457,"journal":{"name":"JRSM Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"10 ","pages":"20480040211027792"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/20480040211027792","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39196099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia Ramírez, Stefan van Duijvenboden, William J Young, Michele Orini, Aled R Jones, Pier D Lambiase, Patricia B Munroe, Andrew Tinker
{"title":"Analysing electrocardiographic traits and predicting cardiac risk in UK biobank.","authors":"Julia Ramírez, Stefan van Duijvenboden, William J Young, Michele Orini, Aled R Jones, Pier D Lambiase, Patricia B Munroe, Andrew Tinker","doi":"10.1177/20480040211023664","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20480040211023664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a commonly used clinical tool that reflects cardiac excitability and disease. Many parameters are can be measured and with the improvement of methodology can now be quantified in an automated fashion, with accuracy and at scale. Furthermore, these measurements can be heritable and thus genome wide association studies inform the underpinning biological mechanisms. In this review we describe how we have used the resources in UK Biobank to undertake such work. In particular, we focus on a substudy uniquely describing the response to exercise performed at scale with accompanying genetic information.</p>","PeriodicalId":30457,"journal":{"name":"JRSM Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"10 ","pages":"20480040211023664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8202245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39142822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaneel R Patel, Iain N Roy, Richard G McWilliams, John A Brennan, Srinivasa R Vallabhaneni, Simon K Neequaye, Jonathan D Smout, Robert K Fisher
{"title":"Characterising the incidence and mode of visceral stent failure after fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair (FEVAR).","authors":"Shaneel R Patel, Iain N Roy, Richard G McWilliams, John A Brennan, Srinivasa R Vallabhaneni, Simon K Neequaye, Jonathan D Smout, Robert K Fisher","doi":"10.1177/20480040211012503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20480040211012503","url":null,"abstract":"Background In FEVAR, visceral stents provide continuity and maintain perfusion between the main body of the stent and the respective visceral artery. The aim of this study was to characterise the incidence and mode of visceral stent failure (type Ic endoleak, type IIIa endoleak, stenosis/kink, fracture, crush and occlusion) after FEVAR in a large cohort of patients at a high-volume centre. Methods A retrospective review of visceral stents placed during FEVAR over 15 years (February 2003-December 2018) was performed. Kaplan-Meier analyses of freedom from visceral stent-related complications were performed. The outcomes between graft configurations of varying complexity were compared, as were the outcomes of different stent types and different visceral vessels. Results Visceral stent complications occurred in 47/236 patients (19.9%) and 54/653 stents (8.3%). Median follow up was 3.7 years (IQR 1.7–5.3 years). There was no difference in visceral stent complication rate between renal, SMA and coeliac arteries. Visceral stent complications were more frequent in more complex grafts compared to less complex grafts. Visceral stent complications were more frequent in uncovered stents compared to covered stents. Visceral stent-related endoleaks (type Ic and type IIIa) occurred exclusively around renal artery stents. The most common modes of failure with SMA stents were kinking and fracture, whereas with coeliac artery stents it was external crush. Conclusion Visceral stent complications after FEVAR are common and merit continued and close long-term surveillance. The mode of visceral stent failure varies across the vessels in which the stents are located.","PeriodicalId":30457,"journal":{"name":"JRSM Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"10 ","pages":"20480040211012503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/20480040211012503","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39142821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karenza Taft, Bobbi Laing, Cynthia Wensley, Lorraine Nielsen, Julia Slark
{"title":"Health promotion interventions post-stroke for improving self-management: A systematic review.","authors":"Karenza Taft, Bobbi Laing, Cynthia Wensley, Lorraine Nielsen, Julia Slark","doi":"10.1177/20480040211004416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20480040211004416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is well-documented that women tend to be worse off post-stroke. They are often frailer, have less independence, lower functionality, increased rates of depression, and overall a lower quality of life. People who have had strokes benefit from rehabilitative support to increase their independence and reduce the risk of stroke reoccurrence. Despite the gender differences in the effects of stroke, interventions explicitly aimed at helping women have not been identified.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This systematic review aimed to summarize the effectiveness of the health promoting behavioural interventions for reducing risk factors and improved self-management in women post-stroke, compared to usual care.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Seven databases, Medline (Ovid), CINAHL, PsychInfo, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were reviewed for randomized controlled trials covering post-stroke interventions. The following keywords were used: health promotion, secondary prevention, woman, women, female, sex difference, gender difference, after stroke, and post-stroke.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten randomised controlled trials were found. These demonstrated common successful approaches for rehabilitation, but none specifically described health promotion strategies for women. Core components of successful programs appeared to be a structured approach, tailored to clientele and formalised support systems through their carer, family networks, or community engagement. Comprehensive reminder systems were successful for stroke risk reduction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women are disproportionately affected by stroke and are often in the frail category. Tailored structured health promotion programs with family and caregiver support combined with a comprehensive reminder system would appear to enable women post-stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":30457,"journal":{"name":"JRSM Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"10 ","pages":"20480040211004416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/20480040211004416","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38986640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is prognostic factor of prolonged pleural effusion after pediatric cardiac surgery.","authors":"Kazuki Yakuwa, Kagami Miyaji, Tadashi Kitamura, Takashi Miyamoto, Minoru Ono, Yukihiro Kaneko","doi":"10.1177/20480040211009438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20480040211009438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Postoperative pleural effusion (PE) is common after pediatric cardiac surgery, and if prolonged can lead to the deterioration of the general condition due to malnutrition and result in death. This study aims at identifying the prognostic factors of prolonged PE after pediatric cardiac surgery.<b>Design and settings:</b> Patients were divided into the effective (with chest tube removal within 10 days after medical therapy) and ineffective (with chest tube in place for more than 10 days) groups. The factors were compared between the two groups retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Participants included patients who had prolonged PE after cardiac surgery in national center for child and health development between October 2014 and October 2017.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Baseline characteristics and procedure details were compared between the two groups to determine the predictor of prolonged PE. White blood cell count, platelet count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, hemoglobin level, serum total protein level, serum albumin level, blood fibrinogen level, serum creatinine level, etc. were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty patients were included. Between the two groups, no significant differences in baseline characteristics, such as age, weight, and sex were found, and significant differences were observed only in the NLR change ratio (effective group, 5.1 [4.1-8.0] versus ineffective group, 11.9 [9.9-14.1]; P = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NLR change ratio is a potential prognostic factor of prolonged PE, including chylothorax, after pediatric cardiac surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":30457,"journal":{"name":"JRSM Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"10 ","pages":"20480040211009438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/20480040211009438","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39187079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan van Schaik, Tessa M Hers, Carla Sp van Rijswijk, Maaike S Schooneveldt, Hein Putter, Daniël Eefting, Joost R van der Vorst
{"title":"Risk assessment in aortic aneurysm repair by medical specialists versus the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program risk calculator outcomes.","authors":"Jan van Schaik, Tessa M Hers, Carla Sp van Rijswijk, Maaike S Schooneveldt, Hein Putter, Daniël Eefting, Joost R van der Vorst","doi":"10.1177/20480040211006582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20480040211006582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this online clinical vignette-based survey study was to compare risk assessments by vascular surgeons, anaesthesiologists and interventional radiologists involved in treating patients with aortic aneurysms in the Netherlands with the NSQIP risk calculator outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants, recruited using purposive sampling, provided their estimation of the likelihood of postoperative complications and events following aortic surgery in five fictional cases. These cases were subsequently scored using the NSQIP calculator. The risk assessments were statistically analysed using the ANOVA and student t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All participating specialists i.e. twelve vascular surgeons, ten interventional radiologists and ten anaesthesiologists completed the survey. In the vast majority of outcomes and vignettes, no significant differences were found between various specialists, whereas significant differences were found between the NSQIP risk calculator outcomes and the combined risk assessments of the specialists. Overall, specialist risk assessments differ from the NSQIP, but neither particularly higher nor lower compared to the risk calculator.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Risk assessment by vascular surgeons, anaesthesiologists and interventional radiologists differs significantly with NSQIP risk calculator outcomes, within the framework of both endovascular and open aortic aneurysm repair. Based on these results, implementing the NSQIP risk calculator in preoperative workup could be of added value in both patient planning as well as adequately informing patients for obtaining consent.</p>","PeriodicalId":30457,"journal":{"name":"JRSM Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"10 ","pages":"20480040211006582"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/20480040211006582","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38901067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Doppler waveform analysis during provocative manoeuvres in the assessment for arterial thoracic outlet syndrome results in high false-positive rates; a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Lily Bishop, Matthew Bartlett","doi":"10.1177/20480040211006571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20480040211006571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>There is a high rate of false-positive arterial Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (ATOS) diagnoses due to limited research into the optimal use of ultrasound. To improve future diagnostic efficiency, we aimed to characterise the haemodynamic effects of different provocative positions and estimate the prevalence of compression in the healthy population.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>In this cross-sectional, observational study, the effect of varying degrees of arm abduction on discomfort levels and/or changes in subclavian artery Doppler waveform was analysed in the healthy population; the peak systolic velocity (PSV), systolic rise time (SRT), phasicity and extent of turbulence were recorded.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Department of the Vascular Studies, Royal Free Hospital.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>19 participants (11 females, 27.4 ± 5.2 years) were recruited for bilateral scans.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Seven positions were investigated; the primary outcome was an occlusion or monophasic waveform indicating significant compression and this was compared with the secondary outcome; any physiological discomfort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>28.9% experienced significant arterial compression in at least one position; 120° abduction was the position with the greatest level of abduction that did not result in significant waveform changes or symptoms. The PSV and SRT were difficult to accurately measure and bore no correlation to the level of compression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultrasound testing in isolation would result in a false indication of TOS in almost 30% of our normal population. With further research, the 120° abduction position may have a lower false-positive rate. The PSV and SRT must be interpreted with caution due to their variability even within the healthy population.</p>","PeriodicalId":30457,"journal":{"name":"JRSM Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"10 ","pages":"20480040211006571"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/20480040211006571","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38818756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eshan Ashcroft, Otar Lazariashvili, Jonathan Belsey, Max Berrill, Pankaj Sharma, Aigul Baltabaeva
{"title":"Right ventricular ejection fraction as predictor of outcome in acute heart failure using RV ellipsoid model: A retrospective analysis of a prospective cross-sectional study.","authors":"Eshan Ashcroft, Otar Lazariashvili, Jonathan Belsey, Max Berrill, Pankaj Sharma, Aigul Baltabaeva","doi":"10.1177/20480040211002775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20480040211002775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The right ventricular (RV) function is an important prognostic factor in acute and chronic heart failure (HF). Echocardiography is an essential imaging modality with established parameters for RV function which are useful and easy to perform. However, these fail to reflect global RV volumes due to reliability on one acoustic window. It is therefore attractive to calculate RV volumes and ejection fraction (RVEF/E) using an ellipsoid geometric model which has been validated against MRI in healthy adults but not in the HF patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This is a retrospective analysis of a prospective cross-sectional study enrolling 418 consecutive patients with symptoms of HF according to a predefined study protocol. All patients underwent echocardiographic assessment of RV function using Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (TAPSE) and RV fractional area change (RVFAC) and RVEF/E.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Single centre study with multiple locations for acute in-patients including high dependency units.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Patients with acute or exacerbation of chronic HF older than 18 y.o.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Ability of RVEF/E to predict patient outcomes compared with two established parameters of RV function over two-year follow-up period. Primary outcome measure was all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RVEF/E is equal to TAPSE & RVFAC in predicting outcome (p ≤ 0.01 vs p ≤ 0.01) and provides additional benefit of RV volume estimation based on standard 2D echo measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study we have shown that RVEF/E derived from ellipsoid model is not inferior to well established measures of RV function as a prognostic indicator of outcome in the acute HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":30457,"journal":{"name":"JRSM Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"10 ","pages":"20480040211002775"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/20480040211002775","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39141371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}