Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety最新文献

{"title":"Air pollution and its impacts on health: Focus on microplastics and nanoplastics","authors":"Yung-Li Wang ,&nbsp;Yen-Chung Lin ,&nbsp;Wen-Chih Liu ,&nbsp;Yu-Hsuan Lee ,&nbsp;Hui-Wen Chiu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution represents a significant public health concern, contributing to approximately 6.7 million premature deaths annually. Among the various pollutants, particulate matter (PM)_2.5, emitted from fossil fuel combustion, poses a significant health risk. It induces oxidative stress and increases respiratory and cardiovascular disease risk. Recently, particulate plastics, classified as microplastics (MPs) (less than 5 mm) or nanoplastics (NPs) (less than 1 μm), have been identified as environmental contaminants. It has been demonstrated that plastic particles, including MPs and NPs, can gain access to the human body via inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact, resulting in various adverse health effects, such as inflammation and oxidative stress. Particulate plastics have been identified in human biological samples, including blood, saphenous vein tissues and lung tissues. Moreover, their presence in PM_2.5, particularly in urban settings, exacerbates the health risks associated with air pollution. This review addresses the sources, detection, health effects, and mitigation strategies for particulate plastics in the atmosphere. Additionally, the study discusses the biological degradation of particulate plastics by microorganisms and the potential of advanced oxidation processes for their removal. These comprehensive approaches could reduce the environment and human health from the adverse effects of airborne particulate plastics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 118402"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of cadmium and sulfamethoxazole removal by Chrysopogon zizanioides under individual and combined pollution conditions under exogenous phosphate addition","authors":"Shou-yan Yin ,&nbsp;Si-lin Yang ,&nbsp;Xu-yang Kou ,&nbsp;Gui-xiang Tao ,&nbsp;Shi-xian Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reducing phosphorus loads is key to water eutrophication control and has become a current research focus. Cadmium (Cd) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) are typical pollutants in wetland environments and are commonly co-occur. Vetiver (<em>Chrysopogon zizanioides</em> (L.) Roberty) is a perennial herbaceous plant widely used in phytoremediation and other fields due to strong stress resistance and pollutant tolerance. However, the impact of vetiver on Cd and SMX removal when the pollutants are present alone and in combination in phosphorus-rich environments remains unclear. This study used greenhouse pot experiments to simulate wetland conditions, examining pollutant dynamics in vetiver roots, shoots, soil, and water under varying phosphorus levels, and Cd and SMX contamination. At 400 mg·L⁻¹ phosphorus, vetiver significantly enhanced the removal of Cd and SMX, both singly and combined. Cd removal rates were higher under single (1.48 %) and combined (1.59 %) pollution. Cd accumulation in shoots was higher under combined pollution (14.72 ± 0.24 μg). SMX degradation rate constants were higher under single (1.91) and combined (1.86) pollution. By day 42, SMX levels were below detection limits in the wetland environment. Compared to the control, phosphorus significantly enhanced vetiver shoot growth, promoted Cd²⁺ translocation to shoots, and partially facilitated SMX translocation and degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 118349"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics insights into the mechanisms of muscle damage induced by molybdenum exposure in goats","authors":"Xinhong Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential trace element, yet excessive intake can result in toxicity, adversely affecting animal health and food safety. Due to increasing environmental Mo contamination from industrial and agricultural activities, understanding its toxic effects on livestock is of global concern. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of Mo-induced muscle damage in goats using an integrative multi-omics approach. Twenty black goats were divided into a control group (CJM) and a Mo-exposed group (JM; 50 mg/kg Na₂MoO₄·2 H₂O), and fed for 60 days. Compared with the CJM group, the JM group showed significantly reduced muscle fiber diameter, average cross-sectional area, and levels of sulfur, iron, copper, and zinc, along with significantly increased Mo accumulation (<em>p &lt; 0.05</em>). Compared with the CJM group, the JM group showed significantly reduced cysteine, methionine, proline, glutamate, and arginine (<em>p &lt; 0.05</em>). Metabolomics identified 274 significantly altered metabolites, primarily enriched in energy and amino acid metabolic pathways. Proteomics revealed 221 differentially expressed proteins related to stress response, protein synthesis, and energy metabolism. These proteins interfere with muscle development by affecting cell stress responses, protein synthesis, and energy metabolism pathways. Moreover, the protein digestion and absorption and sulfur metabolism pathways were significantly associated with both metabolomics and proteomics. We found that Mo exposure primarily affects muscle energy and amino acid metabolism, thereby impairing muscle development in goats. This is the first study to use multi-omics integration to elucidate the mechanism of Mo-induced muscle toxicity in goats, providing new insights into heavy metal toxicity and food safety risks in livestock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 118373"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative assessment of health risks and water quality of groundwater in urban and rural Guiyang, Southwest China: Insights from PMF and Monte Carlo Simulation","authors":"Tingting Zhu,&nbsp;Qixin Wu,&nbsp;Shilin Gao,&nbsp;Jie Zeng,&nbsp;Keli Linghu,&nbsp;Xindi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater is a vital resource for socio-economic development. However, rapid urbanization and intensive agriculture have introduced significant trace elements into groundwater, potentially compromising water quality and public health. To evaluate the sources, behavior, and risks of associated with nine trace elements in groundwater, a comprehensive investigation was conducted in both urban and rural areas of Guiyang, a typical karst city in southwest China. The results indicated that most dissolved trace element concentrations (Ti, Mn, V, Co, Ni and Sr) follow a pattern in which urban area exhibit higher levels than rural areas near suburban region, which in turn exhibit higher levels than rural areas far from urban center. The heavy metal pollution index revealed moderate pollution in 6.9 % of urban groundwater samples. Health risk assessment based on Monte Carlo simulation suggested that the non-carcinogenic risks were negligible. However, the total carcinogenic risk cannot be ignored, primarily due to Cr and Ni. Positive matrix factorization analysis identified natural inputs (e.g., rock weathering) as the major sources of V (81.36 %) and Sr (69.59 %). Urban wastewater contributed 36.62–47.55 % of Ti, Co, and Ni, while industrial and traffic waste accounted for 67.56 % and 32.17 % of Ba and Mn, respectively. Furthermore, agricultural activities were responsible for 52.12 % of Zn and 64.42 % of Cr. These findings provide essential baseline data for groundwater management, highlighting the impact of various anthropogenic activities across regions on trace elements in groundwater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 118359"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selenium alleviates cadmium-induced biological aging acceleration and the potential mediating role of inflammation","authors":"Chen Li ,&nbsp;Yuerong Xiang ,&nbsp;Mingliang Liu ,&nbsp;Zhaokun Wang ,&nbsp;Yangyang Wu ,&nbsp;Qinyi Yang ,&nbsp;Lei Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging and heavy metal pollution are global challenges, and cadmium (Cd) may negatively affect aging. However, effective interventions for Cd toxicity among populations remain insufficient. Selenium (Se) is recognized for its protective effects against heavy metal toxicity and aging. This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015–2018) to explore the individual and joint effects of Cd and Se on biological aging acceleration, measured by Klemera-Doubal method biological age acceleration (KDM-BA-Accel) (n = 7119) and Phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAge-Accel) (n = 7433). Results showed that Cd was positively associated with KDM-BA-Accel (<em>β</em> = 0.57) and PhenoAge-Accel (<em>β</em> = 0.77), while Se had negative associations with both (<em>β</em> values were −4.01 and −5.30, respectively). Nonlinear analyses revealed J-shaped associations for Cd and L-shaped for Se with aging indicators. Moreover, inflammation significantly mediated the Cd-aging and Se-aging relationships. Most importantly, a significant negative interaction between Cd and Se on PhenoAge-Accel (<em>β</em> for interaction = −1.29) suggested an antagonistic effect, particularly among never smokers. Increasing Se content can mitigate the harmful effects of Cd on PhenoAge-Accel were demonstrated through three methods. Specifically, ⅰ) compared to “Cd (-) &amp; Se (-)” group, “Cd (+) &amp; Se (-)” group had <em>β</em> = 0.87, while “Cd (+) &amp; Se (+)” group was non-significant; ⅱ) higher Se content was associated with a lower increase in PhenoAge-Accel as Cd content rose; ⅲ) there were no significant associations between Cd &amp; Se mixture and aging indicators (both <em>p</em> &gt; 0.310). These findings highlight Se supplementation as a potential strategy to counteract Cd-induced aging, offering a new direction for public health interventions in polluted populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 118361"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aqueous extract of Cissus quadrangularis L. alleviates heavy metal toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by limiting metal uptake and enhancing detoxification mechanisms","authors":"Tossapol Limcharoensuk ,&nbsp;Wisuta Chumsawat ,&nbsp;Unays Siraj ,&nbsp;Sucheewin Krobthong ,&nbsp;Pureeya Pitchayawat ,&nbsp;Assanee Hamkrasri ,&nbsp;Kittikhun Kerdsomboon ,&nbsp;Choowong Auesukaree","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid industrialization has led to widespread environmental contamination by toxic metals. The aqueous extract of <em>Moringa oleifera</em> (AMO) has previously been shown to effectively inhibit intracellular metal accumulation. In this study, we screened 24 Thai herbal extracts for their detoxification efficacy against toxic metals and identified the aqueous extract of <em>Cissus quadrangularis</em> (ACQ) as the most effective in alleviating the toxicities of cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni) in <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>. Although ACQ exhibited approximately threefold lower antioxidant capacity, based on its DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, compared to its ethanolic extract (ECQ), it effectively suppressed the generation of metal-induced reactive oxygen species to levels comparable to or even lower than those achieved with ECQ and the well-studied AMO. The effectiveness of ACQ in mitigating metal toxicity appears to be primarily mediated by its ability to inhibit metal uptake and accumulation by approximately 70–90 % compared to the untreated control. Furthermore, ACQ and AMO significantly restored antioxidant enzyme activities suppressed by toxic metals, likely through the upregulation of antioxidant genes including <em>SOD1</em>, <em>SOD2</em>, <em>CTT1</em>, and <em>CTA1</em>. Notably, ACQ demonstrated a greater ability than AMO to enhance the expression of genes involved in metal extrusion and sequestration, such as <em>PCA1</em>, <em>YOR1</em>, and <em>YCF1</em>. Additionally, comparative metabolomic profiling of ACQ revealed a predominance of organic acids and their derivatives as the major metabolite class, suggesting their high potential for metal detoxification through metal-chelating mechanisms. These findings highlight the potential of ACQ as a natural therapeutic agent for mitigating metal toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 118408"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of atmospheric pollutant NO2 on respiratory toxicity associated with ferroptosis in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Xiangyu Ding ,&nbsp;Jiaying Xie ,&nbsp;Sili Chen ,&nbsp;Bingyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Tao Zheng ,&nbsp;Yitong Guo ,&nbsp;Boheng Liang ,&nbsp;Tongxing Shi ,&nbsp;Qiaoyuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution is indeed a pressing global public health issue that warrants comprehensive attention. Our research, conducted from 2015 to 2019, revealed significant air pollution in Guangzhou, with particularly high levels of NO₂. Employing air-liquid interface incubation technique to develop in vitro models, we discovered that exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ could lead to cell death, oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage. Concurrently, we utilized a dynamic oral-nasal inhalation exposure system to establish acute animal models, observing that short-term NO₂ exposure in mice resulted in pathological lung damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage. Mechanistically, transcriptome sequencing revealed an enrichment of ferroptosis in cells exposed to NO₂. Mitochondrial damage, iron accumulation, and the differential expression of genes related to ferroptosis, as observed in both in vitro and in vivo studies, collectively suggest that ferroptosis contributed to NO₂-induced toxicity. Furthermore, the silencing of <em>STEAP3</em>, a gene significantly associated with ferroptosis, mitigated the effects of NO₂ exposure. Collectively, our findings indicated that elevated NO₂ levels in Guangzhou and NO₂-induced toxicity may be linked to <em>STEAP3</em>-mediated ferroptosis. This discovery is anticipated to offer novel perspectives on the hazards of NO₂.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 118353"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals on renal function in U.S. adults: Mediating roles of inflammation, oxidative stress and aging","authors":"Qi Liu ,&nbsp;Yue Huang ,&nbsp;Qiang He","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous research has established associations between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals (HMs), and kidney damage. However, the impact of PAHs and HMs mixtures on chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly gender differences, remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data spanning 2003–2016 to investigate the association between PAHs and HMs with CKD, employing weighted logistic regression analyses. This exploration was complemented by gender-stratified restricted cubic spline (RCS) methods. Multiple mixture analysis models were applied to evaluate the combined effects of PAHs and HMs on kidney damage. Mediation analyses were conducted to explore the mediating effects of inflammation, oxidative stress, and aging biomarkers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results of the mixture analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between PAHs and HMs with the CKD risk in the general population, with cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and 2-naphthalene (2-NAP) contributing prominently to this relationship. These findings were consistent in the female subgroup. However, no effect of co-exposure to PAHs and HMs on CKD and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) was observed in the male subgroup. PAHs and HMs mixtures with CKD risk mediated by the biological age (BA) and phenotypic age (PA), with mediation proportions of 44.1 % and 61.4 %, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study reveals a significant association between PAHs and HMs mixtures and CKD in the US population, with females being particularly susceptible. Biological aging emerges as a primary mediator in this relationship. Further prospective cohort studies are required to validate these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 118380"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of 4-nitrophenol on the reproductive capacity of female mice","authors":"Yu-Yin Wu ,&nbsp;Hao-Nan Chen ,&nbsp;Xu-Feng Li ,&nbsp;Xing-Feng Yao ,&nbsp;Chun-Yuan Li ,&nbsp;Juan Liu ,&nbsp;Nian Liu ,&nbsp;Xi-Ling Huang ,&nbsp;Rong Li ,&nbsp;Chang-Long Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diesel exhaust particle-derived 4-nitrophenol (PNP) has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-androgenic and estrogenic effects, as well as the potential to disrupt the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis in male rats. Studies have also confirmed PNP's toxicity in various tissues; however, its harmful effects on the female reproductive system remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigated PNP's reproductive toxicity in female mice. While PNP exposure did not significantly affect body weight, it disrupted follicular development by altering ovarian homeostasis. A high level of apoptosis was observed in ovarian follicles, consequently impairing oocyte development. Molecular analyses revealed that PNP induced oxidative stress, premature apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These effects were evidenced by increased reactive oxygen species production, abnormal mitochondrial distribution and structure, and membrane potential depolarization. Furthermore, PNP-exposed female mice exhibited reduced fertilization rates, impaired blastocyst formation, and fewer offspring following in vitro fertilization. Collectively, these findings suggest that PNP destabilizes the ovarian microenvironment, thereby compromising oocyte developmental potential and reducing offspring number.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 118342"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the role of endocrine disrupting chemicals as environmental obesogens in the obesity epidemic: A comprehensive overview of epidemiological studies between 2014 and 2024","authors":"Marta Jaskulak,&nbsp;Malwina Zimowska,&nbsp;Marta Rolbiecka,&nbsp;Katarzyna Zorena","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prevalence of obesity has reached epidemic proportions worldwide, posing a significant public health concern due to its association with various chronic diseases and healthcare costs. In addition to traditional risk factors such as diet and physical activity, emerging evidence suggests that environmental pollutants, termed obesogens, may contribute to the obesity epidemic. Obesogens are endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that can alter lipid homeostasis, promote adipogenesis, and disrupt metabolic regulation, leading to increased adiposity and obesity risk. This review explores available data from human studies published in the last decade, along with the mechanisms underlying obesogenic action, including their effects on adipocyte differentiation, adipose tissue development, and metabolic regulation. Overall, 75 studies were analyzed. Early-life exposure during critical developmental windows has been shown to increase obesity risk later in life, potentially through epigenetic modifications and transgenerational effects. Epidemiological studies provide evidence of associations between prenatal or early-life exposure and increased obesity risk in offspring. Additionally, study found more consistent associations between exposure to some EDCs (including phthalates, parabens, and bisphenols) and obesity or metabolic outcomes in children and women, while results for other chemicals (i.e. PFAS and organochlorine pesticides) were more heterogeneous, especially in adolescents and adults. Key findings indicate consistent associations between phthalate exposure and obesity in children, with mixed results for adults. Future research should focus on elucidating the full spectrum of obesogens, their mechanisms of action, and their implications for obesity risk across generations. This knowledge will inform preventive strategies and public health interventions aimed at addressing the obesity epidemic and its associated health burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 118401"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}