Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety最新文献

{"title":"Lead toxicity in Nicotiana tabacum L.: Damage antioxidant system and disturb plant metabolism","authors":"Tengfei Liu ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunlan Ming ,&nbsp;Jiashu Tian ,&nbsp;Huanyu Teng ,&nbsp;Zicheng Xu ,&nbsp;Jiewang He ,&nbsp;Fengfeng Liu ,&nbsp;Yinghui Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiayang Xu ,&nbsp;Mohamed G. Moussa ,&nbsp;Shenghua Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we treated tobacco seedlings with 0, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg Pb^2 +, and explored the response mechanism of tobacco under Pb stress through a combination of growth physiology and metabolomics analysis. The physiological results showed that compared with CK, with the increase of Pb concentration, Pb treatment inhibited tobacco growth, reduced the biomass and photosynthetic pigment content of tobacco seedlings, and severely damaged the chloroplast structure. In addition, compared with CK, the pore conductivity and pore density of Pb800 treatment decreased by 45.77 % and 93.55 %, respectively. Pb treatment disrupted the cell membrane system, and Pb800 treatment increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in leaves and roots by 67.65 % and 31.90 %, respectively. Meanwhile, Pb treatment increased the activity of tobacco SOD and POD enzymes. Metabolomics results showed that Pb stress enhanced tryptophan metabolism, glutathione metabolism, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, as well as cysteine and methionine metabolism pathways. These results indicate that increasing the content of photosynthetic pigments and hormones, clearing reactive oxygen species by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, and improving amino acid metabolism may play an important role in reducing the toxicity of Pb to tobacco.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117837"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auxin signaling related to H+-ATPase synthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities regulates fluoranthene uptake by ryegrass roots","authors":"Yuanzhou Xu ,&nbsp;Yunyun Li ,&nbsp;Xinyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhuoliang Xiao ,&nbsp;Jiaguo Jiao ,&nbsp;Huijuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Huixin Li ,&nbsp;Feng Hu ,&nbsp;Li Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research has shown that fluoranthene (Flu) exhibits dual uptake behavior in ryegrass. At low concentrations (1–10 mg/L), Flu uptake is higher, whereas at higher concentrations (20–40 mg/L), uptake appears to decrease. Furthermore, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content and antioxidant enzyme activity play distinct roles in this process. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these behaviors remain unclear. To address this, we exposed ryegrass to different Flu concentrations (0, 5, and 20 mg/L) and conducted a combined transcriptomic and physiological analysis of the root system to elucidate the specific mechanisms of Flu uptake. Our results revealed that under 5 mg/L Flu treatment, ryegrass has a higher bioconcentration factor (BCF). The genes involved in IAA synthesis (<em>TAA1</em>, <em>ALDH</em>, and <em>AAO1/2</em>) were upregulated, which led to an increase in IAA content. Elevated IAA levels, in turn, promoted the expression of genes encoding H⁺-ATPase (<em>ATP5A1</em>, <em>ATP5B</em>, <em>ATP5H</em>, and <em>ATP6E</em>) and the ABC transporter protein (<em>ABCB1</em>), resulting in enhanced H⁺-ATPase activity, and facilitated the active transport of Flu. In contrast, the 20 mg/L Flu treatment resulted in a lower BCF. The downregulation of IAA synthesis genes (<em>amiE</em> and <em>YUCCA</em>) decreased IAA content. The downregulation of the H⁺-ATPase gene (<em>ATP6C</em>) and the ABC transporter protein gene (<em>ABCG2</em>), resulting in decreased H⁺-ATPase activity and inhibited Flu transport. Moreover, the promoted expression of redox-related genes (<em>POD1</em>, <em>SOD1</em> and <em>SOD2</em>) further reduced Flu uptake. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying Flu uptake in ryegrass may provide a theoretical foundation for developing strategies to regulate Flu accumulation in plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117840"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143278592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of toxicity and mechanisms of busulfan in non-obstructive azoospermia: A genomic and toxicological approach integrating molecular docking, single-cell sequencing, and experimentation in vivo","authors":"Yanggang Hong ,&nbsp;Qichao Yuan ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Deqi Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoju Guan ,&nbsp;Congde Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental pollutants, including chemical contaminants, heavy metals, and pesticides, have been linked to adverse effects on male reproductive health, particularly sperm quality. Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a severe form of male infertility caused by intrinsic testicular dysfunction, leading to a complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate. Busulfan, an alkylating chemotherapeutic agent widely used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia, is known to induce NOA through its toxic effects on spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). This study aimed to identify key molecular targets and pathways disrupted by busulfan in the testicular environment. By integrating molecular docking, single-cell RNA sequencing, and <em>in vivo</em> experimentation, the study identified POLE and LRAT as critical proteins. These proteins were shown to interact strongly with busulfan, leading to genomic instability and increased germ cell apoptosis during spermatogenesis. Additionally, the immune landscape of NOA-affected testes revealed significant changes in immune cell infiltration, potentially worsening the condition. These findings offer new insights into the mechanisms of busulfan-induced NOA and suggest potential therapeutic targets for preserving male fertility in chemotherapy patients. This research advances the understanding of chemotherapy-induced reproductive toxicity and emphasizes the need for strategies to reduce its negative effects on fertility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117878"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper excess induces autophagy dysfunction and mitochondrial ROS-ferroptosis progression, inhibits cellular biosynthesis of milk protein and lipid in bovine mammary epithelial cells","authors":"Ya Ting Fan ,&nbsp;Dong Qiao Peng ,&nbsp;Jing Lin Shen ,&nbsp;Jun Hao Cui ,&nbsp;Xin Yue Yang ,&nbsp;Jin Ge Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong Cheng Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive copper (Cu) has the potential risk to ecosystems and organism health, with its impact on dairy cow mammary glands being not well-defined. This study used a bovine mammary epithelial cell (MAC-T) model to explore how copper excess affects cellular oxidative stress, autophagy, ferroptosis, and protein and lipid biosynthesis in milk. Results showed the increased intracellular ROS, MDA, and CAT (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), alongside decreased T-SOD and GSH in CuSO₄-treated cells (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy and Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B assays revealed significant autophagosome accumulation in CuSO₄ exposed cells (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, CuSO₄ exposure modulated autophagy markers, evidenced by upregulation of genes such as LC3, ATG5, JNK1, and Beclin1, and downregulation of genes such as ATG4B, and p62 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). CuSO₄ also led to notable mitochondrial changes, including size reduction, membrane rupture, and cristae loss, and reduced expression of the ferroptosis inhibitor GPX4 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The expression of mTOR, HIF-1α and β-catenin signaling pathway were inhibited in differentiated MAC-T cells by CuSO₄ exposure (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), activated autophagy through activation of the AMPK-mTOR pathway which in turn affected downstream levels of genes related to milk protein and lipid. In conclusion, excessive copper induces oxidative stress in MAC-T cells, promoting autophagy through JNK-Bcl2, Beclin1-Vps34 and AMPK-mTOR pathways, leading to cell ferroptosis, as well as inhibits the cellular biosynthesis of milk protein and lipid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117783"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing human toxicity and ecotoxicity impacts of agricultural pesticide use in Iran based on the USEtox model","authors":"Mohammad Paeezi ,&nbsp;Reza Gholamnia ,&nbsp;Amin Bagheri ,&nbsp;Peter Fantke ,&nbsp;Sina Dobaradaran ,&nbsp;Farshid Soleimani ,&nbsp;Mahdi Gholizadeh ,&nbsp;Reza Saeedi","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human health and ecotoxicity impacts of agricultural pesticide use in Iran in 2022 were estimated. The impacts of agricultural pesticide use in Iran by pesticide, crop, and province were assessed based on the USEtox model in terms of disability-adjusted life year (DALY) for human health and potentially disappeared fraction of freshwater ecosystem species (PDF) for ecotoxicity. The annual mass of agricultural pesticide use in Iran in 2022 was 17,188 tons, consisting of herbicides (46.2 %), insecticides (30.0 %), and fungicides (23.8 %). The DALYs and DALY rate (per 100,000 people) of agricultural pesticide use in Iran were determined to be 25,140 and 29.4, respectively. The ecotoxicity impact of agricultural pesticide use in Iran was calculated to be 3.35 × 10⁺¹² PDF m³ d. Over 79 % of the human health and ecotoxicity impacts of agricultural pesticide use were attributed to six pesticides (chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, ethion, phosalone, thiodicarb, and abamectin) and eight crops (pistachio, apple, fig, vegetables, date, orange, wheat and barley, and cotton). While the contributions of the pesticides to the human health and ecotoxicity impact were not the same, chlorpyrifos ranked highest in both human health (28.8 %) and ecotoxicity (49.9 %) impacts. The highest provincial human health and ecotoxicity impacts of agricultural pesticide use were observed in Tehran (4,201 DALYs) and Fars (3.66 ×10⁺¹¹ PDF m³ d), respectively. The provincial human health and ecotoxicity impacts were mainly driven by population and cropland area, respectively. Given the considerable human health and ecotoxicity impacts, developing national and provincial action plans for more sustainable use of pesticides in Iran is strongly recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117785"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic-enhanced chromium toxicity in Scenedesmus obliquus: Synergistic effects on algal growth and biochemical responses","authors":"Luoxin Li ,&nbsp;Jiani Yu ,&nbsp;Yonghua Ma ,&nbsp;Hui Tan ,&nbsp;Fengxia Tan ,&nbsp;Yi Chai ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the combined toxicity of microplastics (MPs) and chromium (Cr^6 +) on the freshwater green algae <em>Scenedesmus obliquus</em>. As emerging contaminants in aquatic ecosystems, MPs have been shown to intensify the toxicity of Cr⁶⁺, leading to a more significant impact on algal growth and biochemical responses than either stressor alone. A 30-day experimental simulation revealed that co-exposure to Cr⁶⁺ and 5 µm diameter polystyrene MPs resulted in significantly enhanced toxicity compared to individual exposures, characterized by a notable decrease in algal growth, diminished photosynthetic pigments, and protein content, alongside oxidative system damage. 100 nm MPs exhibited a distinct toxicity profile, with more pronounced effects when not combined with Cr⁶⁺, suggesting size-dependent interactions with algal cells. Transcriptomic analysis illuminated the complex regulatory mechanisms, indicating that toxicity primarily modulates metabolic pathways essential for photosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, the TCA cycle, and ribosome function in <em>Scenedesmus obliquus</em>. This study not only delineates the distinct toxicity effects of single and combined exposure systems but also emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of the role of MPs in environmental pollution and their potential to modulate the toxicity of heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117813"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial community dynamics in shallow-water grass-type lakes: Habitat succession of microbial ecological assembly and coexistence mechanisms","authors":"Chen Feng ,&nbsp;Junping Lu ,&nbsp;Tingxi Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Shi ,&nbsp;Shengnan Zhao ,&nbsp;Chunjian Lv ,&nbsp;Yujiao Shi ,&nbsp;Zixuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuqi Jin ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Pang ,&nbsp;Aojie Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aggregation and co-occurrence patterns of microbial communities are the key scientific issues in lake ecology. To explore the mechanisms of microbial ecological assembly and community succession in this unique habitat, 16 samples were collected from eight sites in Wuliangsuhai Lake. Second-generation DNA sequencing was applied to reveal the spatial dynamics of the bacterial community structure and distribution across two environmental media in this nutrient-rich shallow grassland lake and to elucidate the characteristics of the co-occurrence network. This study also examined the effects of environmental filtering and biological interactions on the formation and maintenance of the community composition and diversity. The results highlight habitat heterogeneity in microbial community composition, with no discernible latitudinal diversity patterns. The causal analysis identified electrical conductivity, pH, total nitrogen, and phosphorus as the primary factors driving changes in the bacterial community structure in the water and sediment of grass-type lakes, with TN being the key environmental driver. <em>CL500–3</em> was identified as a pollution-tolerant species in aquatic environments. <em>g__norank_f_Verrucomicrobiaceae</em> was identified as a pollution-tolerant species in sediment environments. The bacterial communities exhibited a significant distance decay pattern, with a higher spatial turnover rate in water than in sediment. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed greater complexity and stability in the sediment bacterial communities, with three potential keystone species, than in water. The neutral and null model results indicated that the water bacterial communities were more susceptible to dispersal limitation, whereas more complex interactions in sediment increased the role of deterministic processes in community construction. This study proposed the division of aquatic plant regions in freshwater lakes and demonstrated the community characteristics of different habitat types, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of shallow-water bacterial diversity and community structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117819"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the exposure to brominated flame retardants and psoriasis risk among U.S. adults: A population-based study","authors":"Jingbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangyun Shi ,&nbsp;Genlong Bai ,&nbsp;Jin Chen ,&nbsp;Yidian Fu ,&nbsp;Aijun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Psoriasis risk can be affected by exposure to mixtures of environmental chemicals; however, the effect of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) exposure on self-reported psoriasis has not been assessed. Herein, we evaluated the association between the exposure to BFRs compounds of 6 chemicals with risk of psoriasis. Based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2006 and 2009–2014, this analysis was conducted among 6340 adults. Multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile-based g computation (Qgcomp) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were performed to estimate the associations. Our results indicated that co-exposure to BFRs was associated with increased risk of psoriasis. Notably, PBB153 emerged as a significant factor contributing to the risk of psoriasis, and showed a non-linear relationship between the concentration of serum PBB153 and the prevalence of psoriasis. Moreover, the association between PBB153 and psoriasis risk remained stable across all subgroup analyses, including those stratified by gender. Our study presents robust evidence connecting BFRs exposure to the prevalence of psoriasis, emphasizing the necessity for continued research and policy interventions to address this environmental health issue. Because BFRs are extensively used and detected in various environmental sources and living organisms, future investigations should further elucidate the mechanisms underlying the observed associations between BFRs exposure and psoriasis risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117836"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143279185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Priming agents combat copper stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under hydroponic conditions: Insights in impacts on morpho–physio–biochemical traits and health risk assessment","authors":"Jing Ma ,&nbsp;Ming Zou ,&nbsp;Willie Peijnenburg ,&nbsp;Fu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the use of priming agents, such as silicon, melatonin, salicylic acid, glycine betaine, and ascorbic acid has gained significant attention for their role in mitigating abiotic stresses across various plant species. While previous research has been conducted on the individual impact of silicon, melatonin, salicylic acid, glycine betaine, and ascorbic acid in metal stress resistance among various crop species, their combined effects in the context of heavy metal stressed conditions remain underexplored. Wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) seedlings was grown under the toxic concentration of copper (Cu) i.e., 100 µM which were applied with silicon, melatonin, salicylic acid, glycine betaine, and ascorbic acid under hydroponic conditions for 21 days. The research outcomes indicated that the toxic concentration of Cu in the nutrient solution notably reduced plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and gas exchange attributes. However, Cu stress also induced oxidative stress in the plants by increasing malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) which also induced increased compounds of various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, health risk index (HRI) and also the gene expression and sugar content. Furthermore, a significant increase in proline metabolism, the AsA–GSH cycle, and the pigmentation of cellular components was observed. Although, the application of different priming agents, such as silicon, melatonin, salicylic acid, glycine betaine, and ascorbic acid showed a significant increase in plant growth and biomass, gas exchange characteristics, enzymatic and non-enzymatic compounds, and their gene expression and also decreased oxidative stress and HRI. In addition, the application of different priming agents enhanced cellular fractionation and decreased the proline metabolism and AsA-GSH cycle in <em>T. aestivum</em> seedlings. These results open new insights for sustainable agriculture practices and hold immense promise in addressing the pressing challenges of heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117899"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential causal associations of long-term exposure to PM2.5 constituents and all-cause mortality: Evidence from the Pearl River Cohort study","authors":"Huanle Cai ,&nbsp;Yuqin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Wei ,&nbsp;Wayne R. Lawrence ,&nbsp;Shirui Chen ,&nbsp;Huanhuan Cheng ,&nbsp;Hui Tang ,&nbsp;Dan Chen ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Gu ,&nbsp;Wangjian Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuantao Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence of the potential causal effect of PM_2.5 and its constituents on all-cause mortality based on large population cohort is still limited. Based on a large scale cohort of 341,098 participants in southern China, we developed a marginal structure Cox model based on inverse probability weighting, an established causal inference approach, to evaluate the potential causal associations between PM_2.5 constituents and all-cause mortality, taking into account time-varying covariates. Additionally, we further explored the modifying effects of demographic and lifestyle characteristics on these associations. For each IQR increase in black carbon and organic matter, the risk of all-cause mortality increased by 51 % (95 % <em>CI</em>: 40–62 %) and 52 % (95 % <em>CI</em>: 40–58 %), followed by ammonium, nitrate and sulfate (<em>HR</em> = 1.32, 1.38 and 1.39, respectively). Individuals &lt; 65 years, unmarried, urban medical insured, not consuming alcohol, or not exercising were potentially more susceptible to the adverse effects for most PM_2.5 constituents (<em>P</em> for interaction &lt; 0.10). The <em>HR</em> estimates for these subgroups ranged from 1.51 to 2.10 for black carbon, 1.40–1.71 for nitrate, 1.42–1.53 for sulfate, and 1.52–1.77 for organic matter. Various sensitivity analyses verified the robustness of our findings. This study presented compelling evidence of potential causal links between PM_2.5 constituents and all-cause mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 117897"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}