Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety最新文献

{"title":"Regulation of antibiotic resistance gene rebound by degrees of microecological niche occupation by microbiota carried in additives during the later phases of swine manure composting","authors":"Xiaoxia Hao ,&nbsp;Weiping Sang ,&nbsp;Fengting Li ,&nbsp;Linyuan Shen ,&nbsp;Li Zhu ,&nbsp;Li Rong ,&nbsp;Dongmei Jiang ,&nbsp;Lin Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The occupation of microecological niches (MNs) by bacteria carrying lower antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has been demonstrated an effective strategy for reducing ARGs in compost, thereby mitigating the associated land use risks. In this study, humus soil (HS), matured compost (MC), and their respective isolated microbial agents (HSM and MCM), which exhibit varying abundances of ARGs, were introduced as additives after the thermophilic phase to investigate their influence on ARG removal and the mechanisms underlying effective MN occupation. The addition of HS resulted in the most favorable outcomes, including the highest carbon degradation, minimized nitrogen loss, and an 83.16 % reduction in ARG abundance during the later composting stages. In comparison, ARG rebound levels were 61.77 %-285.33 % across other treatments and 729.23 % in the control. Distinct dominant bacterial genera and potential ARG-host bacterial communities were observed, which varied with different additives and contributed to MN occupation dynamics. The addition of the HS additive intensified competition among non-host bacteria, and diversified the interactions both between genes and between bacteria. These changes suppressed horizontal gene transfer (HGT) mediated by mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and altered the abundance and composition of both dominant and non-dominant potential host species. Furthermore, it shifted the relative importance of key physicochemical parameters, collectively enhancing ARG removal during composting. These findings elucidate the mechanisms by which MN adjustments contribute to ARG reduction, providing actionable insights for designing composting strategies that mitigate environmental ARG dissemination risks more effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118112"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of exposure to individual polyfluoroalkyl substances and their mixtures with vitamin D biomarkers in postmenopausal women","authors":"Hong-Xuan Huang ,&nbsp;Jun-Xuan Ma ,&nbsp;Li-Ying Du ,&nbsp;Zi-Hao Xu ,&nbsp;Xu-Lian Tang ,&nbsp;Cheng-Shen Qiu ,&nbsp;Shu-Min Lai ,&nbsp;Dan-Qing Liao ,&nbsp;Hong-Min Li ,&nbsp;Zhi-Yuan Xiong ,&nbsp;Bing-Yun Zhang ,&nbsp;Ling Kuang ,&nbsp;Hao-Jie Chen ,&nbsp;Zhi-Hao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The potential impact of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on vitamin D status in postmenopausal women remains unexplored. This study examined the effects of individual PFAS and their combined exposures on vitamin D biomarkers among 2114 postmenopausal women utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2003–2018. The serum levels of four PFAS compounds, including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), were assessed alongside the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level. Our findings indicated that elevated log-transformed PFAS concentrations were significantly associated with reduced 25(OH)D levels (<em>β</em>_PFOS: −15.969, 95 % CI: −19.154, −12.785; <em>β</em>_PFOA: −17.288, 95 % CI: −22.446, −12.131; <em>β</em>_PFNA: −8.510, 95 % CI: −12.148, −4.871; <em>β</em>_PFHxS: −4.056, 95 % CI: −7.003, −1.110) and increased odds of vitamin D deficiency (OR_PFOS: 2.495, 95 % CI: 1.685, 3.694; OR_PFOA: 3.146, 95 % CI: 1.823, 5.429; OR_PFNA: 1.906, 95 % CI: 1.357, 2.677; OR_PFHxS: 1.480, 95 % CI: 1.109, 1.976). These associations were modified by race, the family income<img>poverty ratio and the survey cycle. Notably, non-Hispanic White individuals presented a stronger inverse association between PFOS exposure and 25(OH)D levels. Bayesian kernel machine regression and weighted quantile sum analyses demonstrated that the effects of exposure to mixtures of the four studied PFAS were consistent with the effects of exposure to individual PFAS. These findings indicate that exposure to individual PFAS, particularly PFOA and PFOS, and their four mixtures may adversely affect serum 25(OH)D concentrations in postmenopausal women, underscoring the need for further investigation into the potential impact of PFAS on vitamin D status in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118103"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Sedum plumbizincicola defensin gene, SpPDF, conferred cadmium accumulation via its chelation","authors":"Xinmeng Li ,&nbsp;Zhengquan He ,&nbsp;Yuhong Li ,&nbsp;Yuneng Yao ,&nbsp;Xiaojiao Han ,&nbsp;Jing Xu ,&nbsp;Chenjia Zheng ,&nbsp;Renying Zhuo ,&nbsp;Wenmin Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal pollution, particularly cadmium (Cd), is a significant environmental and health concern due to its high mobility and bioaccumulation potential. Our study identifies a novel Cd-responsive chelation protein gene, <em>SpPDF</em>, from the hyperaccumulator plant <em>Sedum plumbizincicola</em>, which enhances Cd tolerance through chelation. The <em>SpPDF</em>, belonging to the Knot1 superfamily and lacking a signal peptide, is primarily expressed in roots and is significantly induced by Cd treatment. Subcellular localization studies revealed a cytoplasmic distribution of the SpPDF protein. Heterologous expression in yeast demonstrated that SpPDF improves Cd tolerance and <em>in vitro</em> Cd-binding experiments confirmed SpPDF's chelation activity. Overexpression of <em>SpPDF</em> in plants significantly increased Cd accumulation in roots and decreased it in shoots, attributed to enhanced root chelation capacity and reduced translocation to above-ground parts. This study provides a new molecular approach for improving plant remediation of Cd pollution, challenging the view that defensins are exclusively secreted proteins. Our findings offer valuable insights for the molecular breeding of plants for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118095"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the carcinogenic potential and molecular mechanisms of arecoline in human lungs: from in silico methods to in vitro validation","authors":"Wenwen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Despite the globally recognized carcinogenic potential of arecoline, the primary active compound in areca nut, the molecular mechanisms underlying its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have yet to be fully understood. This study aims to bridge this gap by integrating network toxicology, molecular docking and dynamics simulation, tumor bioinformatics, and <em>in vitro</em> assays to elucidate the molecular mechanisms through which arecoline contributes to LUAD development.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We first utilized disease-related databases and compound databases to identify arecoline-targeted LUAD-relevant proteins and constructed an interaction network using Cytoscape to screen core proteins based on topological analysis. Subsequently, we performed molecular docking and dynamics simulation, along with surface plasmon resonance assay to examine and validate the interactions between arecoline and core proteins. Next, we utilized these proteins for functional enrichment analyses to explore their correlation with cancer. Ultimately, we detected the expression and prognosis of core genes and constructed a prognostic model to examine its relationship with immune infiltration and immunotherapy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Arecoline targets 106 LUAD-relevant proteins, including 24 core proteins. The stable interactions of arecoline and core proteins (especially PTGS2) greatly support the carcinogenic toxicity of arecoline in human lungs. These target proteins influence the occurrence, progression, and immune infiltration of LUAD by participating in pathways related to cancer and immunity, thereby affecting the prognosis and immunotherapy of LUAD patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study elucidates the molecular mechanism underlying arecoline-induced LUAD, introducing a novel approach for assessing food safety and presenting innovative and promising targets and strategies for cancer intervention and therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118108"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and characterization of an automated system for generation and collection of cigarette smoke (ASGCS) for rapid and accurate exposure and toxicity assessment","authors":"Young-Ji An ,&nbsp;Sung-Hwan Kim ,&nbsp;Moonjung Hyun ,&nbsp;Yong-Hyun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Whole cigarette smoke condensate (WCSC) is a crucial tool for assessing tobacco product toxicity, offering advantages in storage, transportation, and concentration control. However, the lack of an automated system for WCSC production poses challenges in ensuring batch-to-batch consistency and test article reproducibility, both of which are essential for reliable toxicity evaluation. In this study, we developed and characterized an automated system for the generation and collection of cigarette smoke (ASGCS) to efficiently produce WCSC. Under Health Canada Intense smoking conditions, the ASGCS achieved a low smoke leakage rate of 9.45 ± 0.47 %, facilitating the collection of total particulate matter (TPM) at a relatively high concentration of 21.2 ± 0.2 mg cig^–1. Nicotine and total volatile organic compound concentrations in WCSC prepared using the ASGCS were 1.25 ± 0.01 μg cig^–1 and 2276 μg cig^–1, corresponding to transfer rates of approximately 65 % and 135 % relative to cigarette smoke, respectively. WCSC exposure demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability, with an IC₅₀ of 0.26 mg mL^–1 (R² = 0.9171). These findings confirm the physical performance of ASGCS and the chemical and biological reliability of WCSC produced using this system. The ASGCS offers a robust platform for the rapid and accurate assessment of tobacco product toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118094"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resource utilization of decarbonized coal gasification slag in soil quality improvement: New insights into microbial community composition and environmental risk assessment","authors":"Longfei Kang ,&nbsp;Qiang Li ,&nbsp;Kenneth Dumack ,&nbsp;Kaiyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yulin Xiang ,&nbsp;Jiangdong Bian ,&nbsp;Feng Ai","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decarbonized coal gasification slag (DCGS) is a coal-based solid waste generated from raw coal through the processes of gasification and decarbonization. However, the excessive production of DCGS has caused large-scale environmental problems and seriously affected the sustainable development of coal chemical enterprises. It’s urgent to explore a high-value utilization approach. Here, a field trial was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of soil amendment using DCGS in a sandy soil. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing, soil quality approach and partial least squares path modeling were used to assess the responses of soil properties and relative forage value (RFV) of <em>Leymus chinensis</em> to DCGS addition in soil-plant-microbe system. Results showed that DCGS addition significantly increased soil pH, soil organic carbon (22.4 %), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity (16.5 %) and α-diversity of bacterial communities (1.37 %). Soil microbial biomass CNP in DCGS1, DCGS2, DCGS3 and DCGS4 treatments were 10.7 %, 21.3 %, 44.8 % and 69.1 % higher than control check (CK) treatment, respectively. Our study emphasized the β-diversity of bacterial communities and topological parameters of microbial co-occurrence networks were significantly altered after DCGS addition. Ultimately, higher soil quality and RFV of <em>Leymus chinensis</em> were obtained in DCGS addition treatments rather than the CK treatment (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Moreover, soil pH and <em>p_Methylomirabilota</em> were identified as the crucial factors affecting soil quality, while soil ALP and <em>p_Entotheonellaeota</em> were key factors affecting RFV of <em>Leymus chinensis</em> according to Mantel test. Our result further evidenced that there were relatively low ecological risk level after DCGS addition (Ecological Risk Index &lt; 150), thus DCGS addition was considered as a potential method in improving soil quality. Taking into account the impact of DCGS addition on soil microbial community, soil quality, and ecological safety, the recommended application rate for sandy soil is 60 t·ha⁻¹ (DCGS3). Our findings elucidate that soil amendment with DCGS not only enhance soil quality and RFV of <em>Leymus chinensis</em>, but also provide potential possibility for safe and environmentally friendly utilization of DCGS. These findings deepened our understanding of sustainable development and efficient management of DCGS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118104"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental concentrations of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) disturb the Ca2 + and K+ homeostasis in the gills and epidermis of mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis)","authors":"Xiaoyu Yan ,&nbsp;Wenwen Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Song ,&nbsp;Yun Ma ,&nbsp;Haiqin Wang ,&nbsp;Tao Yang ,&nbsp;Yanpeng Liang ,&nbsp;Honghu Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>N</em>-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), a nitrogenous disinfection by-product, is notorious for its ubiquitous presence in the environment and its carcinogenic properties. However, its impact on ion homeostasis in aquatic organisms remains underexplored. In the present study, we investigated the effects of NDEA on ion homeostasis in mosquitofish exposed to varying concentrations for 30 days. Calcium and potassium fluxes were monitored using noninvasive micro-test technology (NMT), and ATPase activities and gene expressions related to ion transport and immune responses were assessed. Principal component analysis was conducted to identify the organs most sensitive to different NDEA exposure levels. The results revealed that NDEA exposure inhibited transport enzyme activities and affected the expression of ion transport- and immune-related genes. Among all tested tissues, the gills exhibited the highest overall sensitivity (0.443) to NDEA exposure, underscoring their essential functions in ion transport and calcium regulation. These findings underscore the critical role of ion homeostasis in NDEA-induced toxicity and highlight the importance of understanding tissue-specific responses in assessing the ecological risks posed by <em>N</em>-nitrosamines in aquatic environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118067"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five-month real-ambient PM2.5 exposure impairs learning in Brown Norway rats: Insights from multi omics-based analysis","authors":"Chenchen Song ,&nbsp;Li Zhou ,&nbsp;Yi Xiong ,&nbsp;Lianlian Zhao ,&nbsp;Jindan Guo ,&nbsp;Ling Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunlin Han ,&nbsp;Hu Yang ,&nbsp;Yanfeng Xu ,&nbsp;Wenjie Zhao ,&nbsp;Shan Shan ,&nbsp;Xiuping Sun ,&nbsp;Boxiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianguo Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PM_2.5, recognized as a potential pathogenic factor for nervous system diseases, remains an area with many unknowns, particularly regarding its effects on human health. After five-month real-ambient PM_2.5 exposure, we observed no significant pathological damage to the lung, liver, spleen, or kidney tissues. However, PM_2.5 exposure led to neuronal degeneration in the hippocampal CA1 region of Brown Norway (BN) rats. The level of IL-6, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-12, IL-4, GRO/KC, MIP-1α, CM-CSF significantly increased in lung lavage fluid (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05 for all). Notably, we detected a slight impairment in spatial learning ability, as evidenced by the Barnes maze training outcomes. There were no significant changes in the bacterial community in lung lavage fluid (<em>P</em> = 0.621), but the bacterial community in the gut significantly changed (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), with more species identified (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The metabolomic analysis revealed 147 and 149 significantly changed metabolites in the pulmonary system and serum, respectively (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). PM_2.5 exposure caused a decrease in Nervonic acid (NA) in both the lung and serum, which likely contributed to spatial learning impairment (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The correlation between lung metabolites, gut bacterial species, and serum metabolites indicated that PM_2.5 exposure likely impaired spatial learning through the lung-gut-brain axis pathway. Lung and serum metabolic disorders and intestinal microbial imbalance occurred in BN rats post-five-month real-ambient PM_2.5 exposure. There were two potential ways that PM_2.5 exposure caused the decline of spatial learning ability in wild-type BN rats: (1) PM_2.5 exposure led to a significant decrease of neuroprotective Nervonic acid in lung and serum metabolites. (2) PM_2.5 exposure likely led to reduced spatial learning ability through the lung-gut-brain axis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118065"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A population physiologically based kinetic and toxicodynamic model for acute diazinon exposure","authors":"Jiaqi Chen,&nbsp;Bingxu Chen ,&nbsp;Sebastiaan Wesseling,&nbsp;Hans Bouwmeester,&nbsp;Ivonne M.C.M. Rietjens,&nbsp;Nynke I. Kramer","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organophosphate (OP) pesticide residues are frequently found in the environment and food products, with their acute exposures to humans posing a risk of neurotoxicity through acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. The aim of the present study is to develop a New Approach Methodology (a population-based physiologically based kinetic and toxicodynamic (PBK-TD) model) to define a health-based guidance value (HBGV) for acute exposure to diazinon as the model OP, taking into account human interindividual variability in physiology, toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics. Physiological and chemical-specific inputs for the PBK-TD model were obtained from literature or by <em>in silico</em>-<em>in vitro</em> strategies. Using this population model and Monte Carlo simulations, the dose-dependent response for DZN-induced erythrocyte AChE inhibition was generated to provide a point of departure (POD) for defining an acute reference dose (ARfD). The model simulates the toxicokinetic and toxicity data observed in humans well, and results reveal that toxicokinetic and not toxicodynamic variations are the main driver of the overall interindividual variability in susceptibility towards acute DZN exposure. The POD predicted for the sensitive adults is in agreement with a previously reported human no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL). It is concluded that the population PBK-TD modeling defines a novel way to derive a POD for human health risk assessment with the incorporation of interindividual differences. In the next step, the inclusion of correlations between certain model parameters as well as cholinesterase inhibition in tissues other than the blood is expected to be a further refinement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118083"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous removal of Cd(II) and Sb(V) by MnFe2O4-biochar composite: Performance and mechanisms","authors":"Changsheng Jin ,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Chen ,&nbsp;Shuyao Sun ,&nbsp;Yuxi Liu ,&nbsp;Baowei Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coexistence of cadmium (Cd) and antimony (Sb) in soils severely threatens environmental safety and human health. While biochar is widely used for soil remediation, its effectiveness in removing multiple metals, especially in the presence of anions, lacks dynamic quantification and mechanistic understanding. This study synthesized a MnFe₂O₄-biochar composite (MF-RBC) using the coprecipitation method, and explored its adsorption performance and mechanisms for coexisting Cd(II) and Sb(V). The maximum adsorption capacities of MF-RBC for Cd(II) and Sb(V) were 11.24 and 57.33 mg g⁻¹, respectively, higher than those of pure RBC (6.27 mg g⁻¹ for Cd(II), and 19.43 mg g⁻¹ for Sb(V)) and MF (9.25 mg g⁻¹ for Cd(II), and 48.01 mg g⁻¹ for Sb(V). The enhanced performance is attributed to the large specific surface area of MF-RBC (318.86 m² g⁻¹), improved dispersion of MF particles by biochar, and the attachment of oxygen-containing groups. Additionally, Cd(II) exhibited a synergistic effect on Sb(V) removal, likely due to reduced negative charge repulsion between MF-RBC and Sb(V), and the formation of MF-Cd(II)-Sb(V) ternary complexes. MF-RBC also decreased the availability of Cd and Sb by transforming them into more stable forms. Microscopic and mechanistic analysis revealed that Cd(II) forms complexes with both the C<img>O/C<img>O groups of biochar and the Mn<img>O bonds of MnFe₂O₄, while Sb(V) is primarily complexed with Fe<img>O bonds of MnFe₂O₄ in the Cd&amp;Sb coexistence system. These findings facilitate a better understanding of Cd(II) and Sb(V) behavior in natural environments and offer valuable insights for improving soil remediation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118093"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}