Dyes and Pigments最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing dye anchoring efficiency: The critical role of esterification catalysts in carboxyl dye-sensitized TiO2 photocatalyst preparation","authors":"Zhenchao Gu ,&nbsp;Yufei Hu ,&nbsp;Yu Sun ,&nbsp;Ying Yu ,&nbsp;Zhou Li ,&nbsp;Lirong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dye sensitization, as an effective method to modify the optical properties of TiO₂, has wide applications in photocatalysis and solar cells. Carboxy-functionalized dyes can form stable ester bonds on the TiO₂ surface, which facilitates the transfer of photogenerated electrons. Therefore, the addition of esterification reaction catalysts inevitably influences the sensitization process. This study systematically investigates the catalytic effects of acid catalysts, basic reagents and organocatalysts on carboxy-functionalized dye-sensitized TiO₂ composites, with a focus on their photocatalytic performance and underlying mechanisms. The infrared spectroscopy characterization results confirmed the successful anchoring of the dye on the TiO₂ surface and the formation of ester bonds. Unlike the inhibition of esterification reactions by base reagents, both acid catalysts and organocatalysts led to higher esterification degrees in the dye-TiO₂ system. UV–Vis spectra showed that the dye-TiO₂ systems catalyzed by different catalysts exhibited distinct visible-light absorption compared with pure TiO₂. Notably, dye-TiO₂ (HNO₃) and dye-TiO₂ (EDC-DMAP) demonstrated the optimal visible-light absorption in the acid-catalyzed and organic-catalyzed systems, respectively. EIS confirmed that both acid and organic catalysis resulted in lower interfacial impedance in the dye-TiO₂ system, implying superior charge transfer efficiency and photocatalytic activity. Photocatalytic experiments were also conducted to verify the aforementioned characteristics. Compared with dye-TiO₂, dye-TiO₂ system catalyzed by acid catalysts exhibited the best photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic efficiency of dye-TiO₂ system catalyzed by organocatalysts had also been improved. In contrast, the dye-TiO₂ system involving basic reagents showed lower photocatalytic performance than the uncatalyzed dye-TiO₂ system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113274"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aptamer-based biosensors for metal ion and mycotoxin detection: Principles and progress","authors":"Lu Li ,&nbsp;Yilong Li ,&nbsp;Xinyan Chen ,&nbsp;Chaoran Lei ,&nbsp;Miao Lin ,&nbsp;Houyong Luo ,&nbsp;Pan Xie ,&nbsp;Juan Wei ,&nbsp;Guiqiang Fei","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal ions and mycotoxins pose serious risks to food safety and public health. Conventional analytical methods such as chromatography and mass spectrometry are accurate but remain costly, labor-intensive, and unsuitable for rapid on-site monitoring. Aptamers, synthetic single-stranded DNA or RNA obtained through SELEX, provide high affinity, good stability, and easy modification, making them attractive recognition elements for biosensor design. This review highlights recent progress in aptamer-based biosensors for detecting toxic metals (Hg²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, As³⁺, Ag⁺, Cu²⁺, Mn²⁺) and mycotoxins (OTA, AFB1, ZEN, DON, FB1). With the aid of nanomaterials, optical and electrochemical transduction, and molecular amplification, many sensors have achieved ultra-low detection limits from nanomolar to femtomolar levels, together with improved selectivity and performance in complex matrices. Current challenges include limited availability of high-affinity aptamers, matrix interference, and lack of standardized protocols. Future advances are expected through high-throughput aptamer screening, multimodal sensing strategies, and integration with portable microfluidic or paper-based devices to promote applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113272"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-stimuli-responsive tetraphenylethylene derivatives: Aggregation-induced emission, reversible mechano- and photochromism for anti-counterfeiting applications","authors":"Zhonghang Wang,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Liu,&nbsp;Yong Wang,&nbsp;Yonggang Yang,&nbsp;Chuanjiang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stimuli-responsive materials have garnered significant attention due to their ability to react to external physicochemical stimuli. Among these, light and mechanical force represent two of the most convenient and widely used triggers. Although tetraphenylethylene (TPE) is a classical aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen, its intrinsic photochromic behavior remains underexplored. In this study, a series of TPE-based derivatives were designed and synthesized, which exhibit notable AIE characteristics, reversible mechanochromism, and rapid photochromism with excellent fatigue resistance. Detailed spectroscopic, crystallographic, and computational investigations reveal that the photochromic response originates from a UV-induced cyclization process, facilitated by weak intermolecular interactions and molecular packing within the crystalline lattice. Furthermore, the multi-stimuli-responsive properties of these materials were successfully applied in dynamic anti-counterfeiting patterns, demonstrating their potential for advanced information encryption and security applications. This work not only enriches the family of smart TPE-based materials but also provides deeper insights into the design of multifunctional stimuli-responsive systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient and long-lived room temperature phosphorescence materials via melt-injection reactions","authors":"Song Liu,&nbsp;Henggang Wang,&nbsp;Dongbo Chen,&nbsp;Chenglong Ji,&nbsp;Zhenguang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing efficient, long-lasting room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials via a simple synthesis strategy remains highly desirable yet challenging. Herein, we report a melt-injection reaction for the synthesis of RTP materials, wherein guest molecules and paraformaldehyde are injected into molten urea. Strikingly, this approach transforms the originally weak emission of guest molecules into RTP materials with a photoluminescence quantum yield of 76 % and an emission lifetime of 4.6 s. The efficient and long-lived RTP are attributed to a matrix stabilization mechanism: upon injecting formaldehyde into molten urea, a urea-formaldehyde (UF) matrix forms in situ, concomitantly incorporating guest molecules. Hydrogen bonding between the UF matrix and guest molecules drives the formation of cross-linking networks, which not only narrow the energy gap between singlet and triplet states but also restrict guest molecular motion. Furthermore, the rigid UF matrix shields triplet excitons from quenching by oxygen and water, synergistically enhancing RTP performance. As a proof-of-concept application, these RTP materials were employed as photo conversion layers to fabricate information encryption devices. This study provides new insights into RTP material design and highlights their promising potential in information security, chemical sensing, and bio-imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113270"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photophysical properties of 5-methoxyflavone and its protonated species influenced by intermolecular hydrogen bonding and environmental rigidity","authors":"Mengrong Hu ,&nbsp;Zheng Li ,&nbsp;Shufang Gao ,&nbsp;Han Pan ,&nbsp;Jian Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESPT_intra) process in flavonoids has attracted considerable attention due to its fundamental role in their photophysics. This study systematically investigates the photophysical properties of 5-methoxyflavone (5MF), a flavonoid derivative incapable of ESPT_intra. It was demonstrated that intermolecular hydrogen bonding with protic solvents effectively suppress the non-radiative ππ∗-nπ∗ internal conversion in 5MF, leading to significant fluorescence enhancement. In highly acidic aqueous solutions (pH &lt; 3.3), an excited-state intermolecular proton transfer (ESPT_inter) process takes place, generating protonated 5MF (5MFH⁺) and resulting in fluorescence quenching. Notably, when incorporated in acidic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films, the excited-state protonated species 5MFH⁺ exhibits intense fluorescence with a long fluorescence lifetime of 8.4 ns, owing to the suppression of non-radiative decay pathways by the rigid polymer network. Additionally, the dense hydroxyl groups in the PVA matrix also enhance the emission of neutral 5MF. These results highlight the potential of both 5MF and 5MFH⁺ as efficient luminescent chromophores for the design of optical materials based on hydrogen-bonding polymer systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical behaviour of azo dyes used as excipients in pharmaceutical preparations","authors":"Tomáš Mikysek,&nbsp;Michal Haška,&nbsp;Lenka Česlová,&nbsp;Milan Sýs","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical behaviour of five azo dyes, of which three with one (Allura Red AC, Red 2G, and Sunset Yellow FCF) and two with two azo groups (Brilliant Black BN and Chocolate Brown HT), has been exhaustively studied at a glassy carbon electrode in a buffered aqueous solution of physiological environment using cyclic voltammetry to describe their both electrochemical pathways and predict the most probable reaction products. This study has confirmed and deepened recently discovered insights into the electrochemical properties of azo dyes, which indicate an electron-transfer–electron-transfer–chemical reaction (EEC) mechanism in their cathodic reduction pathways and an electron-transfer–chemical reaction–chemical reaction (ECC) mechanism in their anodic oxidation pathways. Therefore, for diazo dyes, both reaction pathways proceed via two-step mechanisms: EEC–EEC and ECC–ECC. Typical redox couples, reflecting quasi-reversible behaviour between formed variable substituted (sulphonated) 1-amino-2-naphthol with the corresponding quinoneimine derivatives, were observed in the subsequent cyclic voltammograms. Here it is striking that in addition to these highly reactive products, other toxic sulphonated aminobenzenes (reduction) or even carcinogenic sulphonated nitrosobenzenes (oxidation products) can also be formed. In addition, it can be assumed with high probability that the formation of quinones can occur by hydrolysis of the above-mentioned quinoneimine derivatives, as evidenced by the shift of cyclic voltammograms for individual redox couples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulating the CLoSE effect in pyrene-fluorene systems: The impact of steric hindrance on solid-state luminescence efficiency","authors":"Shasha Wang ,&nbsp;Jingrui Zhang ,&nbsp;Haoran Li,&nbsp;Kuande Wang,&nbsp;Lizhu Dong,&nbsp;Yugang Chen,&nbsp;Yi Tan,&nbsp;Zepeng Guo,&nbsp;Huifang Liu,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Yunlong Zhang,&nbsp;Jiangtian Tan,&nbsp;Hongtao Cao,&nbsp;Linghai Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The quenching phenomenon of organic fluorescent molecules in solid-state aggregation is a critical factor limiting the development of organic light-emitting devices. The crystal-induced luminescence or/and stability enhancement (CLoSE) effect featured with the enhancement of luminescence efficiency from amorphous to crystalline state proved to be an effective pathway to address this issue. Here we investigate the relationship between the molecular design of bulky groups and the CLoSE effect. The self-assembly behaviors and photophysical properties of Pyrene (Py) covalently connected with different numbers polyphenylfluorene (PF) groups indicate that a moderate increase of PF groups helps to enhance the CLoSE effect (the PLQY of DPF-Py increased from 12 % to 62 %). However, the excessive introduction of steric hindrance inhibited the crystallization and thereby weakened the CLoSE effect (the PLQY of FPF-Py increased by only 3 %). To address this, we dispersed the microcrystals in a polymer matrix, reducing the luminescence quenching caused by surface defects of the crystals, further enhancing luminescence efficiency in solid-state aggregation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113259"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the microbial sustainable production of pigment indigoidine","authors":"Chen Qi,&nbsp;Wenjing Zhu,&nbsp;Yangyi Qiao,&nbsp;Yongmin Zheng,&nbsp;Wankui Jiang,&nbsp;Yujia Jiang,&nbsp;Fengxue Xin,&nbsp;Feng Guo,&nbsp;Wenming Zhang,&nbsp;Min Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pigments are extensively used across various industries, including food, cosmetics, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and materials. However, stable natural blue pigments are relatively rare, and reports on microbial blue pigments remain limited. Among these pigments, indigoidine is gaining increasing attention due to growing concerns over the potential health risks and environmental impacts associated with synthetic dyes. As a result, biologically produced indigoidine is emerging as a promising alternative. Despite this interest, there is currently few comprehensive reviews that systematically summarizes and discusses microbial indigoidine biosynthesis. This review provides an overview of the biosynthetic pathways and metabolic regulatory mechanisms involved in indigoidine production, with a particular focus on strategies to enhance its synthesis through metabolic and fermentation engineering. Furthermore, we outline the current challenges and future perspectives in the microbial production of indigoidine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing n-type charge transport in organic transistors: Cyano-functionalized thienylene-vinylene-thienylene (TVT) polymers","authors":"Zilong Chen ,&nbsp;Zhenhao Zhang ,&nbsp;Qikun Sun ,&nbsp;Qianhui Jia ,&nbsp;Zheng Wang ,&nbsp;Keke Zhang ,&nbsp;Cheng Wang ,&nbsp;Jichao Jiang ,&nbsp;Lan Cao ,&nbsp;Jian Tang ,&nbsp;Haichang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of high-performance n-type polymer semiconductors for organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) relies critically on the rational design of electron-deficient conjugated building blocks. Although cyano (CN)-functionalized materials present strong electron-withdrawing capability, the introduction of bulky CN substituents often leads to steric hindrance, reducing backbone planarity and impairing intramolecular charge transport. In this study, a rational molecular design strategy to overcome these limitations by strategically incorporating CN groups into the vinylene segment of the planar thienylene-vinylene-thienylene (TVT) unit was investigated. Two monomers—<strong>M1</strong> (mono-CN substituted) and <strong>M2</strong> (di-CN substituted) were synthesized and subsequently polymerized with diketopyrrolopyrrole (<strong>DPP</strong>) acceptor via Stille coupling, yielding conjugated polymers <strong>P1</strong> and <strong>P2</strong>, respectively. Density functional theory calculations confirm that the CN functionalization at the vinylene linkage maintains excellent backbone planarity, which significantly lowering the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels. Moreover, electrostatic potential (ESP) analysis reveals that the additional CN substituents in <strong>P2</strong> promote a well-defined alternating donor-acceptor structure, notably enhancing intramolecular charge transfer compared to the mono-substituted analogue <strong>P1</strong>. The UV–vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and temperature-dependent optical studies, demonstrate that <strong>P2</strong> exhibits stronger intermolecular aggregation, a more pronounced ICT effect, deeper LUMO levels, and more ordered molecular stacking in solid-state thin films. Organic transistor devices based on <strong>P2</strong> achieve a high electron mobility of 1.03 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ after thermal annealing, nearly twice that of <strong>P1</strong> (0.52 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹). These results highlight the effectiveness of rational CN functionalization at the vinylene site within the TVT backbone, offering a promising strategy for developing high-performance n-type polymer semiconductors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113266"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of cellulose cationisation level and molecular dye structure on sorption and migration behaviour","authors":"Felix Netzer,&nbsp;Avinash P. Manian,&nbsp;Thomas Bechtold,&nbsp;Tung Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The occurrence of unlevel colouration in salt-free reactive dyeing of cationised cellulose textiles represents a significant hindrance in the replacement of conventional reactive dyeing processes. The phenomenon is attributed to the rapid adsorption of dye molecules onto cationised cellulose. However, it is hypothesised that the migration ability and the strength of the dye fibre interaction are responsible for poor levelling. In this study, three anionic dyes – C.I. Acid Blue 25, C.I. Reactive Blue 19 and C.I. Reactive Red 120 – were utilised to examine the rates of sorption, the extent of migration, and the relative affinity of the dye molecules to cationised cellulose fibres. It was observed that at low cationisation levels, the sorption rates, especially for larger dye molecules, were slowed down. This phenomenon is attributed to slow intraparticle diffusion. In migration test and dye exchange experiments, it was observed that the relative affinity of a dye molecule to cationised cellulose determines the extent of dye migration and dye exchange. It was concluded that the primary factors contributing to the non-uniformity observed in the dyeing process were the high affinity of dye molecules and thus low migration ability, and the incomplete saturation of cationic groups by dye molecules, i.e. when complete dye exhaustion occurs due to too high cationisation levels for the desired colour shade, rather than the rate of sorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113260"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}