Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-19DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113050
Rosario Criado , Frederico Duarte , Irene Caro-Campos , Mercedes Cano , Santiago Herrero , Carlos Lodeiro , Cristián Cuerva
{"title":"Ionic liquid crystals containing pyridinium and pyrazolium units: mesomorphism and acidochromic behaviors","authors":"Rosario Criado , Frederico Duarte , Irene Caro-Campos , Mercedes Cano , Santiago Herrero , Carlos Lodeiro , Cristián Cuerva","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ionic liquid crystals are soft materials whose mesomorphic behavior can be strategically modulated as a function of their components, considering both the design of the organic cation and the nature of the inorganic anion. A new pyridylpyrazole derivative has been synthesized and used as a precursor for obtaining ionic salts that contain the corresponding dicationic fragment and different counterions. Most salts behave as liquid crystal materials exhibiting smectic A mesophases at temperatures ranging between 99 and 295 °C, as well as luminescence behavior in solution and/or the solid state. Interestingly, the related chloride salt emits blue light in the solid state under excitation at 261 nm, in contrast to the absence of the emission of the initial pyridylpyrazole derivative. This turn-on fluorescence response has been exploited to fabricate polymer supports that show a bright blue emission under exposure to hydrochloric acid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113050"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-19DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113052
Yafei Zhang , Chuyao Ni , Zihao Zhou , Jianwu Xiao , Jun Cao , Jiaqi Pan , Chaorong Li , Yingying Zheng
{"title":"High quantum yield orange-emission carbon dots for rapid mitochondrial-targeted and dynamic tracking in apoptosis and autophagy","authors":"Yafei Zhang , Chuyao Ni , Zihao Zhou , Jianwu Xiao , Jun Cao , Jiaqi Pan , Chaorong Li , Yingying Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring dynamic changes in mitochondrial morphology is essential for studying specific diseases. In this paper, orange-emitting carbon dots (OM-CDs) which had a high quantum yield (55.53 % in water and 77.26 % in ethanol) and could specifically target to mitochondria for long-term dynamic tracking, were successfully prepared using a simple solvothermal method. OM-CDs contained lipophilic cationic rhodamine fluorophores, which possessed a positive charge capable of electrostatically interacting with the negatively charged mitochondria. OM-CDs emitted strong fluorescence at 588 nm from the Rhodamine fluorophores excited by the optimal excitation wavelength of 572 nm. The OM-CDs’ fluorescence intensity was almost unaffected by different ions and amino acids, pH, polarity and viscosity of solvents, showing excellent photostability and resistance to interference. OM-CDs rapidly locked onto mitochondria within 10 min, with a Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC) of 0.92, showing a good match with mitochondria. OM-CDs accurately tracked mitochondrial morphological changes during apoptosis induced by 50 μM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and mitochondrial autophagy induced by 10 μM rapamycin over a period of 20 min. The prepared OM-CDs have significant potential for applications in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for mitochondria-related diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113052"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and electroluminescence of efficient blue fluorescent molecules based on isomers of phenanthroimidazole and pyrene","authors":"Yulong Liu, Zhou Yang, Yihan Kang, Binbin Jia, Wenjun Liu, Xiangying Li, Yuanzhen Wang, Jingwei Li, Yang Chen, Ying Fu, Fei Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Isomers provide diverse opportunities for the structural characteristics of organic compounds. The distinct properties of isomers are inherently influenced by their molecular structures, making the study of the relationship between structure and properties an important area of research. Two structural isomers were prepared in this work through the attachment of modified pyrene fluorophores to phenanthroimidazole's N1 site using varied connection sites. These two stable isomers were synthesized through straightforward “one-pot” reaction followed by a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction, involving both meta-linked and para-linked mode towards the pyrene moiety to the phenyl group at the N1 position of phenanthroimidazole. The effect of different molecular configuration of the isomers on the photophysical property, theoretical calculation, thermal property, and electrical property was investigated, showing that twisted conformation may effectively limit the degree of molecular conjugation, thereby reducing the red-shift to maintain deep blue emission. Thus, the non-doped OLED based on <em>m</em>-PPI-PyP-PC showed minimal driving voltage requirement of 2.9 V and demonstrated steady deep blue emission with a Commission International de l’Eclairage (CIE<sub>y</sub>) coordinate of 0.078. This study introduces a feasible approach for designing and synthesizing blue fluorophores based on phenanthroimidazole and pyrene as key structural components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113051"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-18DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113049
Krupa Elsa Roys , Manju S L , Mohamed Siddiq , Anandan Sambandam
{"title":"New D-(π)n-A configured metal-free organic dyes as active photosensitizers for enhanced power conversion efficiency","authors":"Krupa Elsa Roys , Manju S L , Mohamed Siddiq , Anandan Sambandam","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel D-(π)<sub>n</sub>-A configured metal-free photosensitizers were developed and applied in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The innovative D-(π)<sub>n</sub>-A sensitizers comprise a donor carbazole moiety and an acceptor unit cyanoacetic acid connected through linker fragments, including thiophene and benzene moieties. The molecular structural arrangement of dyes was verified and investigated by FT-IR, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR, and HR-MS techniques. The optical and electrochemical aspects were assessed, and theoretical calculations were carried out using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT). The photovoltaic endurance of DSSCs constructed with D-(π)<sub>n</sub>-A carbazole-based sensitizers and N719 dye was observed. DSSCs were subjected to electrochemical impedance analysis (EIS) to determine the interfacial charge transfer resistance. The CB-T-CN photosensitizer-based DSSC attained an optimal fill factor (FF) of 0.48, leading to the most prevalent open-circuit potential (V<sub>OC</sub>) of 663 mV and the finest power conversion efficiency (η) of 5.38 % along with short-circuit current density (J<sub>SC</sub>) of 16.9 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> compare to CB-TT-CN sensitizer (V<sub>OC</sub> = 606 mV, J<sub>SC</sub> = 21.5 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, FF = 0.37, η = 4.82 %).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113049"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-17DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113023
Zhihao Lu, Xin Zhang, Lijun Mao, Shuo Li, Da Ma
{"title":"Tetraphenylethylene substituted acyclic Cucurbit[n]uril: Aggregation-Induced emission and selective detection of Fe(III) ion","authors":"Zhihao Lu, Xin Zhang, Lijun Mao, Shuo Li, Da Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reports a tetraphenylethylene (TPE) substituted acyclic cucurbit[<em>n</em>]uril (CB[<em>n</em>]). The host is synthesized by installing four TPE moieties on acyclic CB[<em>n</em>] aromatic walls. The resulting TPE modified acyclic CB[<em>n</em>] shows aggregation induced emission (AIE), and possesses enhanced quantum yield compared to the TPE monomer. TPE substituted acyclic CB[<em>n</em>] shows selective fluorescence response to Fe<sup>3+</sup> ion in water and on a test paper. This fluorescent sensor is confirmed to be used for the quantitative sensing of ferric ion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113023"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-17DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113046
Xiangjun Mu, Meihua Chen, Mei-Jin Li, Fengfu Fu
{"title":"Ir(Ⅲ) complexes specifically recognize cancer cells by photoluminescence measurements of glutathione and pH","authors":"Xiangjun Mu, Meihua Chen, Mei-Jin Li, Fengfu Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compared to normal cells, cancer cells possess elevated levels of glutathione (GSH) and are characterized by a more acidic microenvironment. Taking advantage of this property, a GSH-sensitive probe <strong>Ir-dt</strong>, and a pH-sensitive probe <strong>Ir</strong><strong>-</strong><strong>OH</strong>, were designed and synthesized in this work. Due to the reducibility of GSH, the diketone part of the <strong>Ir-dt</strong> ligand was first changed to OH. After that, OH was oxidized to COOH by oxygen in the air due to its instability, resulting in enhanced photoluminescence (PL) of the solution after the reaction with GSH. <strong>Ir-dt</strong> had good specificity in response to GSH, and was not interfered by thiols such as Hcy and Cys. With the change of acid-base environment, the OH group in <strong>Ir</strong><strong>-</strong><strong>OH</strong> easily gained or lost protons, which led to the change of electron cloud distribution in the molecule. When the pH of the solution changed from acidic to alkaline, the PL color of the solution shifted progressively from red to green. Based on the changes of PL wavelength and intensity before and after the reaction, a ratio PL detection method for GSH and pH was designed. The PL of their mixed solutions was green when the GSH content was low and the pH was alkaline, and gradually became red with the GSH content increases and the pH decreases. After the verification of cell experiments, this method was expected to realize the specific detection of cancer cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113046"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-17DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113048
Kun Yu , Jie Wang , Yuqing Wang , Jing Yang , Chunfei Wang , Lei Hu , Hui Wang
{"title":"A red fluorescent probe for lipid droplet polarity sensitivity and identification of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","authors":"Kun Yu , Jie Wang , Yuqing Wang , Jing Yang , Chunfei Wang , Lei Hu , Hui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has attracted widespread attention in recent years. As critical intracellular sites for energy storage, lipid droplets (LDs) have become one of the important biomarkers for early diagnosis of NAFLD. Therefore, a series of fluorescent probes (<strong>WL1</strong>-<strong>WL3</strong>) with D-π-A-D and D-π-A structures were designed and synthesized in this study. Photophysical property studies shown that all these probes are highly sensitive to polarity and insensitive to various analytes and pH changes. Among them, probe <strong>WL3</strong> showed excellent optical properties, with an emission wavelength in the near-infrared region (>650 nm), a large Stokes shift, and a good linear correlation between fluorescence intensity and solvent polarity. Further biological results demonstrated that probe <strong>WL3</strong> not only monitors alterations in the number and size of LDs, but also detects variations in the polarity of intracellular LDs and dynamically tracks LDs-related processes (LDs autophagy). In a NAFLD cell model, probe <strong>WL3</strong> could effectively monitor the efficacy of metformin (Met) in the treatment of NAFLD. Furthermore, probe <strong>WL3</strong> was able to clearly distinguish normal liver from NAFLD at both the tissue and organ level, demonstrating its promising potential for clinical potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113048"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-16DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113018
Yunjian Xu , Ke Xu , Zhen Wang , Yajie Zhang , Jia Chen , Menglong Zhao , Jianfeng Qiu
{"title":"Highly stable Aza-BODIPY dyes for near-infrared-II PAI/FLI guided efficient tumor photothermal therapy","authors":"Yunjian Xu , Ke Xu , Zhen Wang , Yajie Zhang , Jia Chen , Menglong Zhao , Jianfeng Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluorescence imaging (FLI) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) in the near-infrared-II (NIR-II) window offer significant superiorities, including non-invasiveness and deep tissue penetration, which are beneficial for guiding highly efficient tumor photothermal therapy (PTT). Herein, utilizing photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and vibration relaxation effect, a NIR-II therapeutic agent based on aza-BODIPY dyes is rationally constructed by bonding diethylaminobenzene with strong electron supply capability, small spatial skeleton of conjugated aromatic rings, aza-BODIPY core, and triethylene glycol monomethyl ether (TGME). <strong>Aza NPs</strong> with enhanced loading rates is obtained for biological application by introducing TGME. <strong>Aza NPs</strong> with concentration-dependence linear NIR-II fluorescence and photoacoustic signals, excellent resistance to reactive oxygen nitrogen species exhibits a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 53.3 %. Finally, guided by the superior NIR-II FLI and PAI, HeLa tumors were effectively eliminated by the super photothermal conversion performance of <strong>Aza NPs</strong>. This work proposes that PET and vibration relaxation effect are very important theoretical guidance to construct aza-BODIPY-based NIR-II therapeutic agent for tumor PTT, which lays the foundation for the clinical application development of small-molecule organic nanomedicines. It also provides new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of deep-located tumors through the NIR-II FLI & PAI guidance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-16DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113045
Paolo J. Mastroeni , Connor B. Armstrong , Dominic J. Black , Atticus Strickland , Michael Hall , Toby Blundell , Natalie E. Pridmore , Robert Pal , Patrycja Stachelek
{"title":"Synthesis, characterisation and application of red-emitting BODIPY dyes for multiphoton microscopy of lipid droplets","authors":"Paolo J. Mastroeni , Connor B. Armstrong , Dominic J. Black , Atticus Strickland , Michael Hall , Toby Blundell , Natalie E. Pridmore , Robert Pal , Patrycja Stachelek","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces two novel red-emissive BODIPY dyes, each functionalized with methoxystyryl groups at the 3- and 5-positions to bathochromically shift spectral bands. Obtained via facile synthetic pathways, the dyes can be excited using red single-photon or near-infrared two-photon excitation. The latter is of key importance, with long-wavelength excitation being advantageous for live-cell microscopy as it offers increased tissue penetration, reduced scattering, and minimal autofluorescence.</div><div>Comprehensive structural, computational, and photophysical characterisation highlight the suitability of both dyes for use in live-cell laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) of mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cells. The materials are characterised by high brightness with high molar absorption coefficients and photoluminescence quantum yields. Additionally, two-photon absorption cross-sections were measured as 723 GM and 502 GM (1 GM = 10<sup>–50</sup> cm<sup>4</sup> s photon<sup>−1</sup>) at 840 nm, respectively, making the dyes suitable for multiphoton microscopy applications.</div><div>Dosing protocols were developed for single-photon and multiphoton LSCM, and co-staining confirmed strong localisation within lipid droplets (LDs). LDs are an important organelle to study regarding manifestation of diseases such as diabetes and cancer, as well as monitoring of distribution of lipophilic intracellular material. Cytotoxicity assays at a range of concentrations (500 nM – 5 μM) for up to 24 h revealed both dyes can be used for prolonged live-cell microscopy without significant alterations to cellular viability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113045"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-16DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113037
Ren-Min Ma , Jing Luo , Xin Song , Jun Wang , Mohammad Khalid Parvez , Mohammed S. Al-Dosari , Manoj Trivedi , Daniel Omoding , Abhinav Kumar
{"title":"New mixed ligand based Cd(II) coordination polymer: An apt reversible turn-off-on photoluminescent sensor for dopamine and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid","authors":"Ren-Min Ma , Jing Luo , Xin Song , Jun Wang , Mohammad Khalid Parvez , Mohammed S. Al-Dosari , Manoj Trivedi , Daniel Omoding , Abhinav Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new Cd(II)-coordination polymer (CP) having formula [Cd<sub>2</sub>(L)(HL)(Hbpa)(H<sub>2</sub>O)·3H<sub>2</sub>O]<sub>n</sub> (<strong>1</strong>) have been synthesized using 5-(4′-carboxylphenoxy) isophthalic acid (H<sub>3</sub>L) and bis(4-pyridyl)amine (bpa) ligands and characterized. The crystallographic study reveals that CP <strong>1</strong> possess two Cd<sup>2+</sup> centers in asymmetric unit in which one is six coordinate whilst other adopts seven coordinate mode. The CP <strong>1</strong> exhibits <em>turn-off</em> photoluminescent sensing in presence of dopamine (DA) showcasing limit of detection and <em>K</em><sub>SV</sub> of 4.69 × 10<sup>−4</sup> M and 204.46346 M<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Interestingly, the DA@<strong>1</strong> exhibited restoration in photoluminescent emission on adding salicylic acid (2-hyd acid) and hence can be used as <em>turn-on</em> photoluminescent sensor for the selective and sensitive detection of 2-hyd acid with limit of detection 3.37 × 10<sup>−4</sup> M with <em>K</em><sub>SV</sub> value of 282.45426. Theoretical calculations indicate that the <em>turn-off</em> sensing of DA by <strong>1</strong> have been accredited to the energy and charge transfer from <strong>1</strong> to DA along-with non-covalent interactions between <strong>1</strong> and DA. The restoration in photoluminescence intensity of DA@<strong>1</strong> on adding 2-hyd acid has been accredited to the removal of DA from matrix of <strong>1</strong>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113037"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}