Audiology最新文献

{"title":"Tone Decay at Threshold with Auditory Electrical Stimulation in Digisonic Cochlear Implantees:Fatiga del tono a nivel umbral al realizar estimulación eléctrica auditiva con implantes cocleares Digisonic","authors":"J. Wable, B. Frachet, S. Gallégo","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073120","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to evaluate tone decay (auditory adaptation) in Digisonic cochlear implant patients, and to compare tone decay results with speech recognition performance. The following criteria are evaluated: tone decay occurrence, place effect, pulse rate effect, and correlation with speech recognition. A great variability in tone decay was found among the subjects. The amount of tone decay, measured as a percentage of the electrical dynamic range, depends to some extent on electrode location, which may be linked with the frequency dependence of acoustical tone decay. However, it is likely that acoustically and electrically evoked adaptation does not involve the same process. Also, an effect of pulse rate was found. However, no relationship between the amount of tone decay and speech recognition abilities was observed. Evaluation of tone decay in cochlear implant patients might not only allow further evaluation of the condition of their auditory system, but also provide a means to determine preoperatively the specific characteristics of a subject's residual auditory capacities.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"265 - 271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69475026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the Acoustical Dynamic Range on Speech Recognition with Cochlear Implants:Efectos en el rango dinámico del reconocimiento del habla con implantes cocleares","authors":"G. Cosendai, M. Pelizzone","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073121","url":null,"abstract":"The amplitude compression function in a speech processor for cochlear implants maps the wide acoustical dynamic range of sounds into the smaller electrical dynamic range available on the implanted electrodes. In this study, we examined the effects of systematic variations of the acoustical dynamic range of the compression function on speech recognition with cochlear implants. Statistical measures of the amplitude distribution of speech sounds were made in each channel of a research speech processor providing more than 50 dB of input signal-to-noise ratio. Several systematic variations of the dynamic range of the compression function were implemented on this basis, and speech recognition was determined using vowel and consonant identification tests in three experienced cochlear implant users. Results demonstrated that the acoustical dynamic range of the compression function does have a significant effect on speech recognition with cochlear implants. They suggest that a dynamic range of about 45 dB is necessary for optimal speech recognition.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"272 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69475407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cochlear Function and Speech Recognition in the Elderly: Funcián coclear y discriminación del lenguaje en los adultos mayores","authors":"A. Quaranta, V. Sallustio, A. Scaringi","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073126","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the current study was to evaluate the performance of elderly subjects in advanced tests that assess primary cochlear functions (temporal summation, frequency selectivity, cochlear mechanics) and relate them to speech recognition scores. The results show that measures of primary cochlear function in elderly subjects are worse than in young adults, suggesting that receptor failure is primarily involved in ‘presbyacusis’. Moreover, the data suggest that significant changes in the conductive structures within the inner ear could be involved in age-related hearing loss. Peripheral function deterioration seems to be highly relevant for speech recognition; in fact, it was found that the elderly with the poorest speech recognition scores also had the worst frequency selectivity.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"301 - 307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69476199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Audiometric Evaluation of Bilaterally Fitted Bone-anchored Hearing Aids: Evaluatión audíométrica de auxiliares auditivos tipo vibrador óseo bilateral","authors":"A. Bosman, Ad F. M. Snik, Citty T. M. van der Pouw, E. Mylanus, Cor W. R. J. Cremers","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073111","url":null,"abstract":"Bilateral fittings of bone-anchored hearing aids (BAHA) were evaluated in 25 patients with at least 3 months experience with using two BAHAs. For all patients, air conduction hearing aids were contraindicated due to either recurrent otorrhoea or otitis externa (19 cases) or to congenital aural atresia (six cases). Candidacy for bilateral fitting was primarily based on symmetry of bone conduction thresholds. For all patients, measurements comprised sound localisation, speech recognition in quiet and in noise. In addition, in a subgroup of nine patients, release from masking for pure-tone stimuli in noise with interaural phase differences (binaural masking level difference, BMLD) was measured. The percentage of correct localisation judgments with 500-Hz and 2-kHz noise bursts increased significantly (p<0.01) from 22.2 per cent and 24.3 per cent for unilateral fittings to 41.8 per cent and 45.3 per cent for bilateral fittings, respectively. With unilateral fittings sound localisation judgments appeared to be strongly biased to the ipsilateral BAHA side, whereas with bilateral fittings, judgments were far more symmetrical. The speech reception threshold for sentences in quiet was significantly (p<0.0l) better for the bilateral fittings compared to the unilateral fittings: 37.5 dBA versus 41.7 dBA. Speech recognition in noise was measured with the speech signal presented in front of the listener and a 65-dBA masking noise at either +90° or -90° azimuth. For noise presented at the ipsilateral side of the first fitted BAHA, the signal-to-noise ratio was significantly reduced (p<0.0l) from –0.7 dB for the unilateral fitting to -4.0 dB for the bilateral fitting. The speech reception threshold in noise was not significantly different (p<0.05) for unilateral and bilateral fittings when the noise was presented at the contralateral side of the first fitted BAHA. The results for the six patients with congenital atresia are comparable with those for the other patients. So, directional hearing and speech recognition in noise improve significantly with a second BAHA. The BMLD measurements showed a signifícant (p<0.0l) release from masking of 6.1, 6.0 and 6.6 dB for 125-Hz, 250-Hz and 500-Hz stimuli, respectively. The BMLD effect of 4.1 dB at 1000 Hz was not significant at the 5 per cent level. The positive results with the bilateral fittings in quiet can be ascribed to increased stimulus levels due to diotic summation of signals from either side. The results for localisation, speech recognition in noise and BMLD measurements indicate that bilaterally fitted BAHAs do indeed (to some extent) result in binaural hearing. Se evaluó la adaptación de auxiliares auditivos tipo vibrador óseo (BAHA) bilateral en 25 pacientes que tenían al menos tres meses utilizeándolo. En todos los casos estaba contraindicado el uso de auxiliares auditivos por vía aérea debido a otorrea recurrente u otitis externa (19 casos) o atresia auricular congénita (6 casos). La indicateón de adapta","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"158 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69474724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative Values for Tympanometry in 7- and 24-month-old Children: Valores normativos para la Timpanometría en niños de 7 y 24 meses de edad","authors":"A. Palmu, Heikki Puhakka, Heini Huhtala, A. Takala, T. Kilpi","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073112","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to determine normative values for tympanometric variables for 7- and 24-month-old children and to assess the effect of various factors on these variables. Tympanometry was performed at scheduled health visits at 7 and 24 months of age on children recruited to a prospective vaccine efficacy trial (n=2497 children at enrolment). Tympanograms obtained successfully from healthy ears with no recent otitis media were analysed. Normative values for static acoustic admittance (SAA), tympanometric peak pressure (TPP) and tympanometric width (TW) were calculated. The mean SAA was 0.25 cm-1 at the 7-month visit compared to 0.34 cm3 at the 24-month visit. The TW decreased and TPP remained unchanged with age. Higher SAA values were found in boys. A history of recurrent acute otitis media and history of tympanostomy tubes were found to increase SAA and decrease TW at 24 months. In conclusion, age-specific normative values for interpretation of SAA and TW arc necessary.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"178 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69474744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Study of Hearing Instruments: A Cross-sectional Longitudinal Audit Based on Consumer Experiences:Estudio clinico de auxiliares auditivos: Revision transversal de revisión basado en las experiencias del consumidor","authors":"A. Parving, P. Sibelle","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073099","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present audit was to document improvements/changes in hearing instrument (HI) benefit in terms of use and satisfaction throughout the 1990s and compare the benefit in consumers fitted with analogue (A), programmable (P), and digital signal processing (DSP) His. The audit data are based on a questionnaire mailed to subjects fitted with His 3 to 4 months after the fitting, including questions concerning satisfaction with the HI, use of the HI, ability to manage the HI, and satisfaction with the overall services in the department. Information was obtained from 32,694 subjects (i.e., 71.2 per cent of those fitted with His throughout the last decade), with a median age at fitting of 78 years (range, 18-102), with a preponderance of females. No significant differences in age, gender distribution, and hearing instrument distribution were found between the respondents and non-respondents. The audit shows that there are no significant differences in any of the benefit parameters throughout the decade, irrespective of the introduction of P-HIs in 1995 and of the DSP-HIs in 1998. Thus, from the consumers’ perspective, no changes have appeared in the last decade. A comparative analysis of the A-HIs, P-Hls, and DSP-HIs shows that among those provided with P-HIs and DSP-HIs, only 69.6 per cent (CI 68.1-71.0) and 65.5 per cent (CI 60.2-78.8), respectively, were very satisfied/satisfied with the HI, which is significantly less than the 73.5 per cent (CI 72.4-74.5) in those fitted with A-HIs. The daily/weekly use of all three types of His was similar. However, the group fitted with DSP-HIs was significantly less satisfied with the general services compared with those fitted with A-HIs and P-HIs, respectively. Based on these audit data, it is concluded that, according to the consumers, the outcome from His has not changed over the last decade, and a comparison between the traditional A-HIs with both P-HIs and DSP-HIs is in favour of the traditional A-HIs.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"43 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69474148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Stimuli for Recording of the Amplitude Modulation Following Response: Estímulos eficientes para el registro de la Respuesta de Seguimiento a la Modulación de la Amplitud (AMFR)","authors":"Ekkehard Stürzebecher, Mario Cebulla, Ulrich Pschirrer","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073101","url":null,"abstract":"Amplitude modulation following response (AMFR) is a promising tool for objective frequency-specific assessment of hearing thresholds in children. The stimulus generally used for AMFR recording (one amplitude-modulated carrier) activates only a small part of the basilar membrane. Therefore, the response amplitude is small. Combined frequency and amplitude modulation is not significantly more effective. A new stimulus is proposed that is composed of several carriers. All carriers are modulated with the same modulation frequency. The signal to noise ratio of the response to the multiple-carrier stimulus is significantly increased compared with the usual one-carrier stimulus. Therefore, response detection near threshold is expected to be improved. AMFR also seems to be well suited to newborn hearing screening. Simultaneous recording of six responses (three AMFRs from each ear) to 1-, 2-, and 4-kHz multiple-carrier stimuli of a 40 dB HL stimulus level is demonstrated in normally-hearing adults. Verification in babies will be necessary.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"63 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69474155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hearing Aid Possession in the Population: Lessons from a Small Country: Posesión de auxiliares auditivos en la población: Lecciones de un pequeño pais","authors":"Dafydd Stephens, Peter Lewis, A. Davis, Ioannis Gianopoulos, Norman J. Vetter","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073105","url":null,"abstract":"The results of several studies on hearing aid use in the Welsh population were considered to investigate some general principles on determinants of such use within the general populations of developed countries. Overall hearing aid possession and use were not found to have changed significantly over the past 18 years, remaining at 4 per cent having obtained hearing aids and 3 per cent using them. The possession figures were consistent across all methodologies used. Higher hearing aid use in the post-industrial valleys (in which the traditional industries of coal mining and steel production had disappeared) was explained entirely by a higher level of reported hearing difficulties there. In all populations, less than 20 per cent of those reporting difficulties possessed hearing aids. Whether a hearing aid had been obtained free of charge from the National Health Service or purchased privately did not influence whether it was still used. It was concluded that an effort to improve the acceptability of hearing aids and reduce their stigma is required.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"104 - 111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69474216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatric Disorders in Tinnitus Patients without Severe Hearing Impairment: 24 Month Follow-up of Patients at an Audiological Clinic: Alteraciones psiquiátricas en pacientes con tinnitus sin hipoacusia severa: Seguimiento durante 24 meses en una clínica audiólogica","authors":"S. Zöger, J. Svedlund, K. Holgers","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073108","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between tinnitus and psychiatric disorders has long been recognised. We have addressed this question by investigating the prevalence of psychiatric diagnosis in a consecutive series of tinnitus patients (n = 82) without severe socially disabling hearing loss referred to an audiological clinic. The psychiatric evaluation was based on a standardised diagnostic interview (SCID-P) in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders (DSM-III-R) and on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD Scale). An experienced psychiatrist performed the interview 24 months after the patient's first visit to the clinic. Lifetime depressive and anxiety disorders were recorded in 62 per cent and 45 per cent of the cases respectively, but only 34 per cent had had contact with any healthcare institution for emotional disturbances. Only 7 per cent reported that they had tinnitus prior to their depressive and/or anxiety disorders. We conclude that it is of great importance to identify these emotional disturbances in patients suffering from tinnitus. La relación entre tinnitus y las alteraciones psiquiátricas ha sido ampliamente reconocida. Nos hemos acercado a este tema investigando la prevalencia de diagnóstico psiquiátrico en una serie consecutiva de pacientes sin hipoacusia severa (n=582) referidos a una clinica audiológica. La evaluateón psiquiátrica se basó en una entrevista diagnóstica estandarizada (SCID-P) de acuerdo con el Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de Desórdenes Mentales (DSM-IIIR) y con la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (HAD scale). Un psiquiatra experimentado condujo la entrevista 24 meses después de la primera visita de cada paciente a la clínica. 62% de los pacientes presentaban alteraciones depresivas y 42%, ansiedad de larga evolutión, pero sólo el 34% había tenido contacto con alguna instituteón de salud especializada. Sólo un 7% reportaron que tenían el tinnitus antes de inicíar con los problemas de ansiedad o depresion. Concluimos que es sumamente importante identificar estas alteraciones emocionales en los pacientes con tinnitus.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"133 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69474337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting Speech Interference in Classrooms:Revisando la interferencia en el habla dentro del salón de clases","authors":"M. Picard, J. S. Bradley","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073117","url":null,"abstract":"A review of the effects of ambient noise and reverberation on speech intelligibility in classrooms has been completed because of the longstanding lack of agreement on preferred acoustical criteria for unconstrained speech accessibility and communication in educational facilities. An overwhelming body of evidence has been collected to suggest that noise levels in particular are usually far in excess of any reasonable prescription for optimal conditions for understanding speech in classrooms. Quite surprisingly, poor classroom acoustics seem to be the prevailing condition for both normally-hearing and hearing-impaired students with reported A-weighted ambient noise levels 4–37 dB above values currently agreed upon to provide optimal understanding. Revision of currently proposed room acoustic performance criteria to ensure speech accessibility for all students indicates the need for a guideline weighted for age and one for more vulnerable groups. For teens (12-year-olds and older) and young adults having normal speech processing in noise, ambient noise levels not exceeding 40 dBA are suggested as acceptable, and reverberation times of about 0.5 s are concluded to be optimum. Younger students, having normal speech processing in noise for their age, would require noise levels ranging from 39 dBA for 10-11-year-olds to only 28.5 dBA for 6-7-year-olds. By contrast, groups suspected of delayed speech processing in noise may require levels as low as only 21.5 dBA at age 6-7. As one would expect, these more vulnerable students would include the hearing-impaired in the course of language development and non-native listeners.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"221 - 244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69474900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}