Audiology最新文献

{"title":"Toward a Representative Set of “Real-Life” Noises: Hacia un juego representativo de ruidos de la vida real","authors":"J. Koopman, Bastien Alphons Marie Franck, W. Dreschler","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073103","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this study was to create a database containing a large number of background noises. These noises were analysed on the basis of their spectral and temporal behaviour. The most important dimensions have been determined by using a factor analysis, which reduced the total number of dimensions from 14 (7 octave bands in the spectral domain and 7 in the temporal domain) to 4. One dimension provides information about the amount of amplitude modulation present in the signal. The other dimensions provide spectral information. Based on the output of the factor analysis, a cluster analysis was carried out to reduce the total number of signals (144) to 15 anchor points (i.e., the noise forming the median of the cluster). A selection of these anchor points can be used for fitting of so-called comfort programs in multi-program hearing aids and for the evaluation of signal-processing schemes in specific background noise conditions.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"78 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69474211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computer-assisted ABR Interpretation using the Automatic Construction of the Latency-Intensity Curve: Interpretatión asistida por computadora del ABR utilizando la Constructión Automática de la Curva Latencia-Intensidad","authors":"Edwige Vannier, Olivier Adam, Patrick Karasinski, Martine Ohresser, J. Motsch","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073114","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a new computerised technique for the automatic construction of the latency-intensity curve (LI curve). We take a pattern recognition approach determined by a priori information. We use knowledge gained from the audiogram and from physiological considerations. Therefore, we consider all recordings at different intensities as well as results from the extraction of a single auditory brainstem response (ABR) at a given stimulus intensity. We tested our method successfully: it allows us to prevent misrecognition errors in response detection or in latency measurements. Automatic recognition of the waves and recognition by the ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist coincided in at least 90 per cent of cases. For wave V, the average deviation between the response thresholds given by our automatic recognition algorithm and those given by the ENT specialist was 5 dB, and the average deviation of the latencies was 0.05 ms. En este trabajo, presentamos una nueva técnica computarizada para la constructión automática de la curva de latencia-intensidad (Curva LI). Tomamos un enfoque de reconocimiento de patrones, supervisado por informatión a priori, y hacemos referenda al conocimiento obtenido del audiograma y también a otras consideraciones fisiológicas. Por lo tanto, consideramos todos los registros a difcrentes intensidades, al igual que los resultados dc la extractión de una respuesta auditiva del tallo cerebral (ABR) única, a una intensidad dada del estímulo. Evaluamos con éxito nuestro método, lo que nos permite evitar errores de reconocimiento en la identificatión de respuestas o en las medidas de latencia. El reconocimiento automático de las ondas y el reconocimiento por parte del especialista en oídos, nariz y garganta (ORL) coincidieron en el 90 por ciento de los casos. Para la onda V, la desviación promedio entre el umbral de respuesta dado por nuestro algoritmo de reconocimiento automático y la brindada por el especialista en ORL fue dc 5 dB, y la desviacion promedio de las latencias fue de 0.05 ms.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"191 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69474813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination and Classification of the Problems Experienced by Hearing-impaired Elderly People: Determinatión y clasificación de los problemas que experimentan las personas mayores con hipoacusia","authors":"Dafydd Stephens, I. Gianopoulos, P. Kerr","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073125","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine whether participation restrictions and contextual factors could be elicited in an elderly hearing-impaired population using an open-ended questionnaire. The study also tested the value of the World Health Organization's ICF in the classification of the problems experienced by the elderly hearing-impaired. To this end, we administered the‘Life Effects Questionnaire’, in which the subjects were asked to list the effects of their hearing loss on their lives. With this approach, significantly more participation restrictions, environmental factors and personal factors were elicited than with a traditional approach. ICF proved useful in classifying these, but the Activity and Participation Scales had a major weakness in terms of non-communication-related hearing problems. Furthermore, a high proportion of the responses came into the personal factors, for which a formal classification does not exist within ICF. This highlights a significant need in that classification.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"294 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69476193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Leisure-Time Noise Exposure and Hearing Loss:Asociación entre exposición a ruido durante el tiempo libre e hipoacusia","authors":"D. Dalton, K. Cruickshanks, T. Wiley, B. Klein, R. Klein, T. Tweed","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073095","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of noisy leisure activities with hearing loss. Participants (n=3571) were examined in a population-based study of age-related hearing loss conducted in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. Hearing thresholds were determined by audiometry. Hearing loss was defined as the pure-tone average of the frequencies 500,1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 Hz greater than 25 dB HL in either ear. Information regarding exposure to leisure-time noise was obtained by interview. After adjusting for potential confounders, individuals who engaged in leisure activities with average sound levels greater than 90 dBA were significantly more likely to have a hearing loss than participants who did not engage in noisy leisure activities (OR=1.11, 95 per cent 0=1.01-1.22). Individuals who engaged in woodworking were 30 per cent more likely to have a hearing loss than those who had never done woodworking. There was a 6 per cent increased risk of hearing loss for each 5-year period of participation. Health care professionals should consider counseling their patients who engage in noisy leisure activities about the risk of noise-induced hearing loss.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"1 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69473924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hearing Performance in Noise of Cochlear Implant Patients versus Severely-Profoundly Hearing-Impaired Patients with Hearing Aids:Rendimiento auditivo en ambiente ruidoso en pacientes con implante coclear versus hipoacúsicos profundos con auxiliar auditivo","authors":"J. Hamzavi, P. Franz, W. Baumgartner, Wolfgang Gstöettner","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073097","url":null,"abstract":"It is possible for most post-lingually deaf patients to attain significant open speech recognition following cochlear implantation. In contrast, many severely-profoundly sensorineural hearing-impaired patients receive no benefit from their hearing aids, especially in situations with background noise. The aim of the study was to evaluate the speech recognition ability in quiet and in noise of post-lingually deaf adults implanted with Combi 40/40+ cochlear implants versus severely-profoundly sensorineural hearing-impaired patients fitted with hearing aids. For this purpose, we tested two groups of patients: one that had received cochlear implants (n=22) and a group of subjects with severe-profound sensorineural hearing impairment, fitted with hearing aids (n= 15). All of the patients were tested using the Hochmaier, Schultz, and Moser Discrimination Test in quiet and noise. The results of the study demonstrate that most of our cochlear implant patients received a substantial benefit from their implant, achieving scores of 70 to 100 per cent (mean, 90 per cent) for the numbers test and 10 to 72 per cent (mean, 43 per cent) for the monosyllable test 1 year after implantation. Even in situations with background noise, scores of 1 to 99 per cent (mean, 45.65 per cent) for a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of + 15 dB 1 year following the implantation improved to 7 to 95 per cent (mean, 50.7 per cent) at 2 years and 8 to 99 per cent (mean, 60 per cent) at 3 years after implantation. These results are significantly (p<0.04) superior to the hearing aid patients’ scores of 1 to 64.2 per cent (mean, 26.7 per cent) for a SNR of 15 dB. The results of the present study may have clinical implications in regard to selection of candidates for cochlear implantation.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"26 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69474145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tympanic Membrane Displacement Analyser Tracing Modifications Induced by Glycerol in Menièrés Disease: El Analizador de Desplazamiento de la Membrana Timpánica: Seguimiento de las Modificaciones inducidas por el Glicerol en la Enfermedad de Ménière","authors":"Roberto Altera, Andrea Cavalot, R. Musto, Gian Luca Fadda, Alberto Staffieri, S. Di Girolamo","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073113","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to detect inner ear fluid pressure changes induced by glycerol in Meniere's disease (MD) by means of a tympanic membrane displacement analyser (TDA). The study group consisted of 25 MD patients. The Vi (maximum inward displacement of the tympanic membrane) and the Vm (mean displacement of the tympanic membrane) were measured at 10, 20 and 25 dB above the stapedial reflex threshold. Each patient received therapy based on glycerol. The control group consisted of 20 patients with non-hydropic sudden hearing loss. At 20 and 25 dB above stapedial threshold MD patients had lower Vi values before therapy. After glycerol, we observed a Vi increasing in the hydropic ears in 68–96 per cent of patients. Since a Vi improvement implies a reduction of perilymph pressure, our results confirm the effectiveness of Vi in detecting specific action of glycerol in MD. El objetivo de este estudio fue detectar los cambios de presión inducidos en el líquido del oído interno por el glicerol, en la enfermedad de Ménière (MD) por medio de un analizador de desplazamiento de la membrana timpánica (Tympanic membrane displacement analyzer - TDA). El grupo de estudio estuvo integrado por 25 pacientes con MD. El desplazamiento máximo hacìa adentro (V, = maximum inward displacement) de la membrana timpánica y el desplazamiento promedio (Vm = mean displacement) fue medido a 10, 20 y 25 dB por encima del umbral del reflejo estapedial. Cada paciente recibió terapia basada en glicerol. El grupo control estuvo integrado por 20 sujetos con sordera súbita sin hidrops. A 20 y 25 dB por encima del umbral del reflejo estapedial, los pacientes con MD tuvieron valores Vi más bajos antes de la terapia. Luego del glicerol, observamos un incremento del Vi en oídos con hidrops, en un 68–96 por ciento de los pacientes. Dado que la majoría del Vi apunta a la reducción de la presión en la perilinfa, nuestros resultados confirman la efectividad del Vi para detectar la action específica del glicerol en MD.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"185 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69474806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the Desk of the Secretary-General of ISA","authors":"H. Verschuure","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073122","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Readers of Audiology and Members of International Society of Audiology","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"iv - iv"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69476141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related Histopathological Changes of the Stria Vascularis: An Experimental Model: Cambios histopatólogicos relacionados con la edad en la estría vascular: Un modelo experimental","authors":"S. Di Girolamo, N. Quaranta, P. Picciotti, A. Torsello, F. Wolf","doi":"10.3109/00206090109073129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090109073129","url":null,"abstract":"The stria vascularis (SV) of 3-, 8- and 18-month-old C57 mice was examined with a fluorescence microscope in order to evaluate the capillary density and vessel diameter. The capillary density was significantly reduced in 18-month-old mice compared to 3-month-old (P<0.001) and to 8-month-old (.P<0.001) mice. The difference between 3- and 18-month-old mice was significant for the basal, middle and apical cochlear turns, while the difference between 8- and 18-month-old mice was significant only for the middle and basal turns. Vessel diameter within the whole SV was significantly reduced in all turns in 18-month-old mice (P<0.01) versus 3-month-old animals, while vessel diameter was reduced only in the basal turn in 8-month-old versus 3-month-old mice. The results suggest that previously described histopathological changes in the organ of Corti of C57 mice may be related to modifications of strial capillaries.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"322 - 326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090109073129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69476291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleus 21-Channel Auditory Brainstem Implant in Patients with Previous Tumour Removal: El implante auditivo de tallo cerebral Nucleus de 21 canales en pacientes con reseccion tumoral previa","authors":"Hao Wu, M. Kalamarides, D. Bouccara, E. Dahan, W. Sollmann, P. Viala, A. Rey, O. Sterkers","doi":"10.3109/00206090009073088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090009073088","url":null,"abstract":"Three patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 who had undergone previous cochlear nerve tumour removal were implanted with the Nucleus 21-channel auditory brainstem implant (ABI). The time intervals between tumour removal and implantation were 4, 5, and 7 years, respectively. Total bilateral deafness was confirmed before implantation. One patient was also blind after acute intracranial hypertension. The translabyrinthine approach was used in all cases. The choice of side for implantation depended on pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging study, the facial nerve function, the presence of recurrent and/or other lesions, and the patient's preference. Although the scarring of prior surgical procedure largely changed the anatomical structures in the cerebello-pontine angle, various landmarks could be found to locate the foramen of Luschka, where the ABI electrode was inserted into the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle. During surgery, the electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses were recorded to confirm that the ABI stimulation activated the auditory system; the electromyogram of the 7th and 9th nerves was helpful in finding the landmarks and minimising the triggering of the cranial nerves with ABI stimulation. The number of active electrodes was 21, 7, and 4 in the three patients. All obtained meaningful pitch scaling and useful auditory sensations. One patient, with 21 activated electrodes, has achieved functional open-set speech understanding. The second patient, with 7 activated electrodes, has benefited from environmental sound awareness and improved lipreading. The last, blind, patient, with 4 electrodes activated, achieved only perception of environmental sounds.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"45 1","pages":"247 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090009073088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69473179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging and Middle Ear Function in Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca mulatta): Envejecimiento y funcion del oido medio en monos Rhesus [Macaca mulatta)","authors":"P. Torre, R. Lasky, C. Fowler","doi":"10.3109/00206090009098010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090009098010","url":null,"abstract":"This study provided tympanometric data on rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and more support for this monkey as a good model for human peripheral auditory function. There have been few published reports concerning middle ear function in rhesus monkeys, and these experiments addressed that need. In the first experiment, peak acoustic admittance (Ytm) and ear-canal volume (Vea) were measured in 17 older adult monkeys and 16 younger adult monkeys. In the second experiment, middle ear resonance frequency was measured in eight younger adult monkeys and four older adult monkeys. Overall, peak Ytm, Vea and resonance frequency were similar for monkeys and humans. Specifically, peak mean Ytm and mean Vea in monkeys were comparable to those values in human children. There was a trend for older monkeys to have decreased peak Ytm and Vea, but these trends did not reach statistical significance. There was a significant sex effect similar to what has been reported in humans. Male monkeys had larger peak Ytm values and larger Vea values compared with female monkeys regardless of age. Finally, there were no significant age or sex effects on resonance frequency. Sumario En este estudio se obtuvieron datos timpanométricos de monos rhesus (Macaca mulatta) y más evidencias de que este mono es un buen modelo para estudiar la audición periférica del humano. Hay pocas publica-ciones acerca de la función del oído medio de los monos rhesus y aquí demostramos la necesidad de tales estudios. En el primer experimento se midió la admitancia acústica pico (Ytm) y el volumen del conducto auditivo (Vea) en 17 monos adultos may-ores y 16 monos adultos jóvenes. En el segundo experimento se midió la frecuencia de resonancia del oído medio en 8 adultos jóvenes y 4 adultos mayores. Las tres mediciones resultaron similares a las del humano. Específicamente las cifras pico promedio de Ytm y promedio de Vea en monos fueron compara-bles a las del nino. Hay cierta tendencia a tener cifras menores de Ytm y Vea en los monos mayores, pero esta tendencia no es estadísticamente significa-tiva. Sí existe una diferencia significativa en cuanto a genero, tal como se ha reportado en el humano. Los monos humanos tienen valores mayores de Ytm y de Vea en comparacion con los monos hembras, sin importar la edad. Finalmente, no hubo diferencia significativa en la frecuencia de resonancia entre los grupos etáreos o de género.","PeriodicalId":30299,"journal":{"name":"Audiology","volume":"39 1","pages":"300 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00206090009098010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69473863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}