Volume 7: Industrial and Cogeneration; Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy; Microturbines, Turbochargers, and Small Turbomachines; Oil & Gas Applications最新文献

{"title":"Laser Additive Manufacturing of Iron-Aluminum for Hybrid Steam Turbine Blades","authors":"S. Rittinghaus, R. Hama-Saleh, O. Brunn, V. Salit, T. Mokulys","doi":"10.1115/gt2022-81956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-81956","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The optimization of steam turbine rotor blades is strongly restricted by centrifugal stresses. To reach higher rotational speed or to obtain larger airfoils it is desirable to realize blade designs with very light, but robust blade tips. Hence, the aim for a composite material design of a turbine blade is to investigate a new method of providing raw material for turbine blades which consists out of standard turbine steel around the root section and much lighter material on the outer diameter of the blade.\u0000 Iron aluminide alloys are of increasing interest as a structural material for lightweight construction in hot or corrosive environments due in part to the good and economical availability of the main alloying elements. Currently, the feasibility is being tested of replacing component areas with FeAl through hybrid construction, depending on local load requirements, and thus achieving effective weight reduction. The additive process laser-based direct energy deposition (L-DED) of Fe-28Al is investigated to produce hybrid material consisting of 12% Cr turbine steel and Fe-Al.\u0000 Parameters and build-up strategies are varied in order to produce a crack-free and low-stress connection of the material partners while complying with given thermal boundary conditions. Thermography is used to achieve homogeneous process conditions when scaling to component size. Microstructure, hardness and chemical composition of the hybrid material are investigated as well as mechanical strength. It is shown that crack-free machining of test specimens and a component blank is possible after heat treatment.","PeriodicalId":301910,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Industrial and Cogeneration; Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy; Microturbines, Turbochargers, and Small Turbomachines; Oil & Gas Applications","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115466244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Properties of Laser Powder Bed Fusion 3D-Printed Inconel 718 for Centrifugal Turbomachinery Applications","authors":"H. G. Lea, Rochelle S. Wooding, S. Kuhr, J. Rotella, J. L. Córdova","doi":"10.1115/gt2022-83474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-83474","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper presents the results of a comprehensive effort to characterize the properties of Inconel 718 produced by a form of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D-printing, subsequently subjected to hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and heat treatment according to standards F3055-14a and AMS 5663, respectively. Material property data, while broadly available for traditional Inconel 718 presentations (e.g. forgings or castings), is currently lacking for the 3D-printed material.\u0000 It is expected that while limited in size, the experimental data sets presented provide sufficient information to glean the capability of LPBF Inconel 718. These include: 1) Chemical composition, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and x-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS) characterization of 3D-printed material structure; 2) Tensile properties — 0.2% yield stress, ultimate stress, modulus of elasticity, and elongation to failure — based on 108 samples, as functions of temperature and sample print orientation; 3) Creep rupture data including the Larson-Miller parameter, based on 21 samples; and 4) High cycle fatigue data based on 21 samples as a function of temperature.\u0000 Results are compared to available standards and/or data for forged, cast, and other AM Inconel 718. A key observation of this study, based on the EBSD results, is that while the material appears to approach full recrystallization following heat treatment, there is a detectable fraction of the material that does not fully recrystallize, resulting in a material with mechanical properties (e.g. yield stress, creep rupture) measurably lower than those of forgings, but higher than those of castings.","PeriodicalId":301910,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Industrial and Cogeneration; Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy; Microturbines, Turbochargers, and Small Turbomachines; Oil & Gas Applications","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124378480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Secondary Airflow Modeling Into Synergetic Cycle Calculation of F Class Industrial Gas Turbine","authors":"Shanel Staple, G. Vogel, Alex Torkaman, Andrii Khandrymailov, V. Yevlakhov","doi":"10.1115/gt2022-82166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82166","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Industrial gas turbines are complex systems, and their proper analysis requires specific knowledge of the different components interacting with each other. One of the challenges is to accurately predict the overall performance of the system. To do so, a performance analysis tool can be used but it needs to rely on representative characteristics from the different elements. One of the key items required for the performance derivation is the understanding of the total cooling and leakage air (TCLA) and its distribution within the machine. A secondary air flow (SAF) tool is used to evaluate TCLA, but it needs to be “connected” with the overall performance model. The source locations of the SAF system are relatively straightforward to handle, but the sink (or dump) locations occurring in the turbine section require a detailed understanding of the pressure distribution within the flowpath. As a matter of fact, a change in SAF distribution to the turbine yields a change in turbine work output and load distribution that needs to be captured in the overall engine performance assessment. Furthermore, a change in turbine inlet boundary conditions also yields a change in pressure values for the SAF system. For these reasons, an accurate performance modeling of a gas turbine requires a so-called Synergy Loop to converge the overall boundary conditions of all its interacting modules and sub-models. This paper will describe the method used to integrate different commercial and in-house software to complete the Synergy Loop. The authors will also describe the different iteration steps possible between the specific components and the recommended iteration loop sequence for fast convergence.","PeriodicalId":301910,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Industrial and Cogeneration; Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy; Microturbines, Turbochargers, and Small Turbomachines; Oil & Gas Applications","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116040813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization Methods to Evaluate Recrystallization and Weld-Repair in Single Crystal Nickel-Base Superalloys","authors":"Alex Bridges, J. Shingledecker, Eeva Griscom, H. van Esch, Stijn Pietersen, R. Zuber, W. Greaves","doi":"10.1115/gt2022-82537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82537","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Single crystal (SX) nickel-base superalloys have been extensively used for the highest temperature gas turbines blades. In power generation turbines, these alloys are often exposed to high temperatures and stresses for extended periods of time and microstructural evolution occurs. Rejuvenation heat treatments and numerous repair methods can be successfully utilized to extend the life of components manufactured from SX alloys. These repair methods may include surface modifications such as shot-peening and welding along with subsequent heat-treatments. These repair processes may lead to recrystallization in the SX materials, and the presence and extent of grain boundaries can have deleterious effects on local high-temperature mechanical properties.\u0000 The research in this paper focuses on characterization methods for evaluating recrystallization in SX nickel-base superalloys during the repair process. Micro hardness mapping, micro x-ray fluorescence (μXRF) and several different scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tools were used to evaluate recrystallization and microstructural features in both weld repairs and shot peened samples subjected to various heat-treatments. Simulated weld repairs consisted of both SX castings in Rene N4 and Rene N5 that were welded with Haynes 230 and Rene 80 filler metals using a gas tungsten arch welding process. The effect of recrystallization from shot peening was also evaluated on both alloys. Additionally, various samples were given either a full solution, partial solution or stress relief heat treatment to evaluate microstructural changes which may be used to the repair/rejuvenation process.\u0000 The findings in this research show that several different characterization tools can be effectively used to evaluate recrystallization in SX nickel-base superalloys. Micro hardness and μXRF mapping showed local changes in hardness and chemical composition across the weld metal, heat affected zone and base metal as a function of weld metal selection. Electron backscattered diffraction SEM based techniques was particularly effective in identifying changes in recrystallization due to various processing methods. The research shows that filler metal selection, shot-peening control, and heat-treatment conditions all need to be carefully considered in the development of repair processes to minimize recrystallization effects.","PeriodicalId":301910,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Industrial and Cogeneration; Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy; Microturbines, Turbochargers, and Small Turbomachines; Oil & Gas Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128527579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of Annular Thermoelectric Generators System to Recover Waste Heat From Aircraft Jet Engine","authors":"Mutabe Aljaghtham","doi":"10.1115/gt2022-82087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82087","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Thermoelectric (TE) materials were investigated in several applications due to their capability to convert waste heat into electrical power. The possibility of implementing thermoelectric generators (TEGs) onto exhaust pipe of turbojet engine to recover waste heat energy is introduced in this study using 3D finite element method. The annular TE configuration can be mounted on the exhaust pipe utilizing the temperature difference between hot gas flow and cool air bypass flow. Geometrical parameters of annular TEGs structure such, TE leg angle, and gap distance angle are also optimized to quantify the total amount of TE modules on the outer surface area of the exhaust pipe. Due to higher values of thermomechanical properties, silicon germanium which also performs better at higher temperature range with higher values of figure of merit (ZT) is selected as TE materials. However, due to high temperature gradient, the cascade annular thermoelectric systems are also included in this study by inserting skutterudite as another TE material at lower stage which is suitable at intermediate temperature range. The comparison of using annular single stage (silicon germanium) and two stages (silicon germanium & skutterudite) TE systems is investigated.","PeriodicalId":301910,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Industrial and Cogeneration; Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy; Microturbines, Turbochargers, and Small Turbomachines; Oil & Gas Applications","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128871488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Scatter of Creep Data: Methods to Increase Modelling Accuracy Accounting for Batch-to-Batch Dispersion","authors":"A. Riva","doi":"10.1115/gt2022-82499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82499","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Gas turbine components and many industrial high temperature components suffer from creep, a viscous effect of the material that induce irreversible deformation, microstructural damage, and eventually failure. Creep strain (where the creep strain εcr is a function of time, stress, temperature) and creep rupture models (where the rupture time texp is a function of stress and temperature) are fitted to the results of expensive and time-consuming experimental tests, which can last for several years (e.g. test duration up to 100kh – 200kh). At longer times, in the range of components expected life target, when it is more likely to observe creep damage, the accuracy of creep models is required to be as high as possible. It is therefore crucial to optimize the model fitting process in order to minimize the error and reduce the number of tests required. To achieve such results the experimental result dispersion needs to be properly addressed. In particular, the differences between the different heats of the same material are known to be a dominant source of uncertainty in the experimental results. The differences are mainly linked to small variations in the fabrication process or chemical composition (even within the allowed variations of the purchase specification or standard recommendations), which can generate different microstructures and mechanical behavior. This is known as batch-to-batch dispersion and this phenomenon is responsible for significant creep strength differences between heats.\u0000 It is essential for the model reliability to gain the best possible insight of how the model itself can be influenced by the peculiarities and homogeneity of the available data. In order to achieve such goal, many analyses can be performed: quantitative identification strong/weak batches, analysis of the dataset inhomogeneity (i.e. a predominance of weak batches at a certain temperature or times), identification of correlations (e.g. tensile strength and chemistry, etc.), identification of creep mechanisms transitions that affect the applicability range of the model.\u0000 A statistical analysis of the test results is conducted in order to enable a non-deterministic modelling of creep rupture and strength, separately accounting for in-batch and batch-to-batch sources of dispersion. The soundness of the proposed probabilistic framework is validated via Monte Carlo simulation.\u0000 The paper is intended to provide an overview of the most recent proposals and progresses of the existing methods to deal with the problem and propose additional original methods to improve the analysis and the fitting procedure.","PeriodicalId":301910,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Industrial and Cogeneration; Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy; Microturbines, Turbochargers, and Small Turbomachines; Oil & Gas Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133197082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on Ejector of Lubricating Oil System of Gas Turbine Engine","authors":"Shuo Zhang, Ruishi Feng, Wenjun Gao, P. Zhu","doi":"10.1115/gt2022-83091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-83091","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The ejector is a device that uses a high-speed, high-energy working fluid to eject another low-speed, low-energy fluid. The working fluid enters the mixing chamber after being accelerated by the nozzle and forms a low-pressure area in the mixing chamber. Through the mixing and entrainment of the two-fluid boundaries, the ejected fluid mixes with the working fluid and obtains kinetic energy. At the exit of the mixing chamber, the flow tends to be uniform. An expansion pipe is usually connected behind the outlet of the mixing chamber to reduce the flow rate and increase the static pressure. The ejector has a simple structure without moving parts or electrical equipment, and is widely used in wind tunnel facilities, ventilation equipment, refrigeration equipment and other fields. In recent years, ejectors have also been gradually used in aero-engine lubricating oil systems for the supply and discharge of oil and oil-gas mixtures.\u0000 Although the ejector has a simple structure, many factors affect its ejection efficiency, including but not limited to the shape of the working fluid nozzle and the volume of the mixing chamber. The parameter that measures the efficiency of the ejector is the ejection coefficient, that is, the ratio of the volume flow of the ejected fluid to the working fluid. How to improve the ejector coefficient of ejector under different working conditions is an important subject of ejector research. This research is mainly aimed at a kind of ejector used in an oil-gas mixture of gas turbine engine lubricating oil system.\u0000 In this study, a single-phase numerical simulation of the internal flow field of the ejector was carried out, and the numerical calculation results were verified experimentally. Under the premise of maintaining the original structure of the ejector, the relative position of the low-pressure zone and the ejected fluid in the mixing chamber was changed to explore the influence of this distance on the ejection efficiency. Under the same inlet and outlet boundary conditions, the design of the ejector working fluid nozzle was changed to explore the influence of the working fluid nozzle shape on the ejection efficiency. These structures include sudden shrinking nozzles, Laval nozzles and convergent nozzles. Numerical calculation results show that the relative position of the low-pressure zone in the mixing chamber and the ejected fluid has a greater impact on the ejection efficiency: 1. If the distance is too small or too large, the ejection efficiency will decrease, and the effect of too large distance is more obvious. 2. When the ejected fluid enters the mixing chamber, the ejection efficiency is maximum when the angle between the streamline direction and the working fluid flow direction is about 75°. The working fluid nozzle has a decisive influence on the ejection efficiency: 1. The sudden shrinking nozzle has a large local loss, and the ejection effect is not obvious. 2. The Laval nozzle ejector has higher requireme","PeriodicalId":301910,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Industrial and Cogeneration; Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy; Microturbines, Turbochargers, and Small Turbomachines; Oil & Gas Applications","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133841874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serviced HGP Parts Assessment Using Microstructure-Based Models for New NovaLT™16 Gas Turbine Validation","authors":"F. Mastromatteo, M. Romanelli, I. Giovannetti, C. Cinelli","doi":"10.1115/gt2022-81916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-81916","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 NovaLT™16 is a new high-efficiency gas turbine developed by Baker Hughes for mechanical drive and power generation applications in the 16MW market range.\u0000 The Fleet Leader engine of this GT class underwent a planned stop which has been used to check the status of the most critical components and validate the engine design.\u0000 Hot Gas Path (HGP) components specifically have been object of a detailed assessment of their post-service conditions which included NDT inspections, dimensional measurements, air and water flow checks of cooling circuits. Selected components have been also destructively examined to check their microstructure condition and assess the level of service-induced base material and coating alteration.\u0000 The set of assessments carried out did not highlight any criticality in the engine overall condition or unexpected behavior with respect to design intent.\u0000 For High Pressure (HP) buckets a quantitative assessment of the service temperature has been also obtained leveraging a microstructure-based model specifically developed by Baker Hughes for bucket base material René N4, a first-generation single crystal superalloy. This model takes into account the time-temperature dependent alterations of the γ/γ’ material structure and namely the growth of the periodicity width lambda (λ), measured along the [001] lattice direction of the single crystal structure.","PeriodicalId":301910,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Industrial and Cogeneration; Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy; Microturbines, Turbochargers, and Small Turbomachines; Oil & Gas Applications","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133677778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Modeling and Experimental Evaluation of a Micro Gas Turbine for Solar-Hybrid Application","authors":"Chaz Fenner, S. J. van der Spuy","doi":"10.1115/gt2022-82661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82661","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study contributes to the ongoing research to develop a turbocharger based dual-shaft Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) for a commercialized solar-hybrid system. The work in this study developed an improved model to predict the performance of the MGT which comprises of two turbochargers, with one turbocharger representing the gas generator turbine and the other, bigger turbocharger used as the power turbine unit. It did so by including the effects of heat transfer through a One-Dimensional Thermal Resistance Network (1-D TRN) to determine diabatic outlet temperatures and by accounting for the supposed incomplete combustion. Overall, the model’s temperature estimations were found to be within a maximum deviation of 5 % of the measured values and, 8 % for pressure. Combustor outlet temperature estimates were substantially improved to within 4 % of the measured value, which is a 15 % improvement on previous work. Despite the increased accuracy, the model was only validated for the smaller gas generator turbine. The larger power turbine was reasoned to have not reached thermal equilibrium as temperature estimates had substantially increased levels of deviation from the measured values. A subsequent energy audit of the facility demonstrated the utility of the 1-D TRN. The results of which were used to determine the scale of the heat transfer. It showed that the power turbine is in fact operating outside of its optimal range which resulted in the heat loss rate of the gas through the turbine being greater than the power it produced. The usefulness of the combustion model is also highlighted as a technique to estimate the combustor outlet temperature with acceptable levels of accuracy and with a rapid turn-around time due to its simplicity. The 1-D TRN was shown to estimate heat flows in the MGT accurately despite employing correlations for the heat transfer coefficients that were not developed for the machines. A combustor designed for solarized operation was benchmarked against a standard unit and the results indicated the significance of reducing parasitic pressure losses as a means to improve MGT performance.","PeriodicalId":301910,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Industrial and Cogeneration; Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy; Microturbines, Turbochargers, and Small Turbomachines; Oil & Gas Applications","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115705233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Modelling and Simulation of a 100 kW Micro Gas Turbine Running With Blended Methane/Hydrogen Fuel","authors":"Reyhaneh Banihabib, M. Assadi","doi":"10.1115/gt2022-81276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-81276","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The current shift from centralized to decentralized power generation with renewables as prime movers necessitates the integration of reliable small-scale power supply units to compensate for the intermittency of renewables. Micro gas turbines’ (MGTs) characteristics such as high reliability and low maintenance, along with flexible operation and quick load-following capabilities have made them a dependable source for the modern power generation industry and for households. MGTs are small-scale gas turbine units with a power range lower than 500 kW that can operate with low-calorific fuels such as biofuels and syngas as well as conventional fossil fuels and zero-carbon fuels.\u0000 The utilization of MGTs in innovative cycle layouts or varying types of feeding fuels is increasing, which requires the evaluation of system dynamics to ensure the safe operation of the engine and its components. Moreover, the role of MGTs as a backup for the intermittent renewable inputs means that they operate under more transient conditions rather than constant power production mode. Therefore, a reliable dynamic model of an MGT is required to investigate the dynamic response of the engine under various transient modes to ensure safe operation. Moreover, utilizing a dynamic model is vital in the designing process of MGT-based cycles in order to evaluate the behaviour of coupled components in off-design conditions and to optimize the controller parameters. To that end, developing a dynamic model of the MGT cycle that is accurate enough to predict the dynamic response of the engine and its components and fast enough to be utilized in design iterations is necessary.\u0000 In this paper, a high-fidelity model for real-time simulation of an MGT, based on a lumped and nonlinear representation of gas turbine components is presented. The model for a recuperated T100 MGT was constructed in Simscape, the object-oriented environment of MATLAB for modelling physical systems. MGT components were modelled as lumped volumes with dynamic equations of mass, momentum, and energy balance along with component-characteristic maps describing the evolution of the flow passing through them. Results from simulations were validated by experimental data collected from a real engine operating under different load conditions. Experimental tests and numerical simulations were conducted for pure methane as well as for blended methane/hydrogen as feeding fuels.","PeriodicalId":301910,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: Industrial and Cogeneration; Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy; Microturbines, Turbochargers, and Small Turbomachines; Oil & Gas Applications","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124089124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}