{"title":"“We Are Working Hand to Mouth”: Zimbabwean Teachers’ Experiences of Vulnerability in South Africa","authors":"S. Manik","doi":"10.11567/MET.30.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11567/MET.30.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"South Africa’s (SA) magnetism in attracting skilled and unskilled migrants, particularly in a post-apartheid context, has been highlighted in various studies. However, there appears to be limited studies that examine the experiences of skilled immigrants in SA in this context. Furthermore, there are none that focus specifically on immigrant teachers despite immigrants fulfilling SA’s need for teachers in specialist subjects like Maths and Science. This paper explores the experiences of Zimbabwean immigrant teachers in SA, who are the largest cohort of foreign teachers in that country. The article draws its empirical evidence from an ethnographic study in 2011 which sought to understand the nature of Zimbabwean teachers’ immigration to SA. The data is generated from thirteen semi structured interviews with Zimbabwean immigrant teachers located in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, an east coast province of SA. Their experiences in SA included a complex and frustrating process of acquiring documentation to legally enter SA’s labour market, difficulty in acquiring job security, xenophobic attitudes by locals and workplace exploitation. Their experiences expose their vulnerability, in particular their attempts to meet their family responsibilities as they were occupying a critical role in the household and living transnational lives. A shared thread amongst Zimbabwean immigrant teachers was that their qualifications married to their specialist teaching expertise did not provide them with easy access into the professional education domain in SA; they had to settle for a reduction professionally and some for naught by virtue of being highly skilled non-citizens.","PeriodicalId":30015,"journal":{"name":"Migracijske i Etnicke Teme","volume":"30 1","pages":"171-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11567/MET.30.2.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64215257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Politics of Gender Asylum in the U. S.: Protection of Women Asylum Seekers in the Context of Global Inequalities","authors":"Marina Matešić","doi":"10.11567/MET.30.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11567/MET.30.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the changes towards more gender-sensitive interpretations of refugee status in international and national asylum laws and policies within the context of contemporary and historical global power relations. It also analyzes the changes in the language that can be found in the international UNHCR guidelines for the protection of women asylum seekers, U.S. national guidelines for assessing gender-related asylum claims, and recent U.S. court decisions assessing the gendered claims of women. Among the analyzed court cases, the focus is on the 2005 Mohammed case due to its problematic court decision and legal interpretations. Finding the Western countries’ instrumentalization of the international refugee protection system crucial for understanding the contemporary asylum system and women asylum seekers, the argument connects the historical conditions with the way in which the protection of women refugees from “cultural” gendered violence has been articulated in asylum politics in the U.S. The author’s overall findings are that international law, governmental organizations, and liberal women’s human rights NGOs have shaped the international and national legal protection of (women) asylum seekers in such a way that it reproduces global inequalities in its representation of “Third World” women and their culture, uses women asylum seekers fleeing from violence for the purpose of exercising Western cultural superiority, and covers up the restrictive and racist Western asylum politics towards immigrants and asylum seekers.","PeriodicalId":30015,"journal":{"name":"Migracijske i Etnicke Teme","volume":"30 1","pages":"7-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11567/MET.30.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64215527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zvi Bekerman, Thomas Geisen (eds), International Handbook of Migration, Minorities and Education: Understanding Cultural and Social Differences in Processes of Learning","authors":"Margareta Gregurović","doi":"10.11567/MET.30.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11567/MET.30.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30015,"journal":{"name":"Migracijske i Etnicke Teme","volume":"30 1","pages":"125-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11567/MET.30.1.5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64215197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of Depopulation on Cultural Heritage of Croatian Islands","authors":"Josip Faričić, L. Mirošević, Vera Graovac Matassi","doi":"10.11567/MET.29.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11567/MET.29.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"U radu se razmatra utjecaj depopulacije na kulturnu bastinu hrvatskih otoka. Visegodisnjim istraživanjem relevantnih statistickih podataka, proucavanjem postojece literature, arhivskim i terenskim istraživanjem hrvatskih otoka utvrđeno je da je depopulacija najvažniji demografski proces na vecini hrvatskih otoka. Smanjenje broja stanovnika ujedno znaci smanjenje broja nositelja otocnog identiteta, odnosno razlicitih sastavnica materijalne i nematerijalne kulturne bastine. Buduci da je na otocima sve manje stanovnika mlađe dobi (uz koje se vezuju bioloska vitalnost i ekonomska održivost) te da je mlađe stanovnistvo snažno zahvaceno tercijarizacijom gospodarstva i modernizacijom cjelokupnoga života, smanjuje se mogucnost međugeneracijskoga prijenosa tradicionalne otocne kulture. To se posebno odnosi na nematerijalnu kulturnu bastinu poput jezika (bogatog leksika ukljucujuci mnostvo toponima), glazbe (pucko glagoljasko pjevanje i dr.), vjestina (u izradi ribarskih i poljoprivrednih alata i sl.), obicajâ i dr. Pritom valja istaknuti da se u suvremenom vrednovanju otocnog prostora, ponajprije putem turizma, pojedini elementi kulturne bastine uglavnom doživljavaju kao kulturne okamine vrijedne prigodnoga interesa, premda upravo kulturni turizam može pridonijeti predstavljanju i zastiti te optimalnoj gospodarskoj upotrebi otocne kulturne bastine.","PeriodicalId":30015,"journal":{"name":"Migracijske i Etnicke Teme","volume":"29 1","pages":"405-431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11567/MET.29.3.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64215350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Edvin Pezo, Zwangsmigration in Friedenszeiten? Jugoslawische Migrationspolitik und die Auswanderung von Muslimen in die Türkei (1918 bis 1966)","authors":"Ružica Čičak-Chand","doi":"10.11567/MET.29.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11567/MET.29.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30015,"journal":{"name":"Migracijske i Etnicke Teme","volume":"29 1","pages":"443-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11567/MET.29.3.8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64215476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Demographic Changes on Croatian Islands at the Beginning of the 21st Century","authors":"I. Lajić, Roko Mišetić","doi":"10.11567/MET.29.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11567/MET.29.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30015,"journal":{"name":"Migracijske i Etnicke Teme","volume":"29 1","pages":"169-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11567/MET.29.2.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64214803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethnicity: Fault Lines among “Our People”","authors":"Lidija Mavra","doi":"10.11567/MET.29.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11567/MET.29.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the extent to which migrants’ identity in a new place is contingent on ideas of “ethnicity”, using the case study of Serbs in London. It aims firstly to examine what “ethnicity” means, and the different dimensions of identity and circumstance that inform this. It then aims to deconstruct the notion of ethnicity by exploring the different ways in which ethnic markers are used in different spaces, and interactions with ”other” ethnic groups in the city. The research methodology consisted of qualitative, semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 66 Serbian migrants, and participant observation with a further 20 households, in London. The sampling strategy was reflexive in order to ensure the inclusion of a wide range of migrant experiences according to different socio-political, economic and spatial backgrounds. The findings reveal a diversity of conceptualisations of what ”being Serbian” means, signifying that this is not a concrete or quantifiable measure. However, certain broad patterns did emerge, in the sense that those who expressed the ability to ”choose” their ethnicity were more likely to be those with sufficient cultural, economic, social and human capital that enabled them to negotiate this situationally. Another key feature that emerged was that ”ethnicity” may be the easy label given to what are in fact class and migrant status-based identities, depending on where people are positioned within the socio-political matrix. This, and particularly workplace based identities and migrant status – rather than ethnic qualities – also affected the perceived boundedness from ethnic “others” within the city.","PeriodicalId":30015,"journal":{"name":"Migracijske i Etnicke Teme","volume":"29 1","pages":"7-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11567/MET.29.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64215021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}