Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo最新文献

{"title":"Análisis bibliométrico y temático de la producción científica sobre salud laboral relacionada con nutrición, alimentación y dieta, indexada en MEDLINE","authors":"Liliana Melián-Fleitas, Álvaro Moisés Franco-Pérez, Javier Sanz Valero","doi":"10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100010","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Bibliometric and thematic analysis of scientific production on occupational health related to nutrition, food and diet indexed in MEDLINE. \u0000Method: Cross-sectional study. The data were obtained from the MEDLINE database (PubMed). The search equation was “Diet, Food, and Nutrition”[Mesh] AND “Occupational Health”[Mesh] AND “HUMANS”[MeSH Terms]. The main bibliometric indicators were analysed. The search was segmented by epochs (first period from the year 1949 to 2008 and second period from 2009 to 2017). Search date: February 2018. \u0000Results: 386 references were analysed. The original number was 229 (59.3%), identifying 248 institutions and collaboration index of 4.0 ± 2.9 authors / article, being 16 the maximum and 2015 the year of highest production. The average of documents was 15.6 years and the Price Index 28.5%. The United States of America was the main geographical distribution area with 115 works, being English the dominant language in 286 articles. 233 journals were retrieved. There was free access to 126 articles. There were significant differences between the indicators analysed by epochs. \u0000Conclusions: Existence of relative obsolescence, Anglophone orientation and American affiliation. It is an institutional author collaboration which is limited and outstanding, with wide free access to the primary document and irregular impact publications. The bibliometric indicators were clearly improved from the year \u00002008. The thematic classification complied with the researched subject. The thematic is still under development due to the potential benefits for workers, companies and governments","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49068162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mirando hacia el futuro","authors":"María Jesús Terradillos García","doi":"10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44144451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enfermería del Trabajo, un valor añadido en las organizaciones","authors":"J. Caballero","doi":"10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100003","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa publicacion de la Orden SAS/1348/2009 aprueba el primer programa formativo de Enfermeria del Trabajo que define un nuevo marco de actuacion basado en el desarrollo de distintas competencias adquiridas en los ambitos preventivo, asistencial, legal y pericial, gestion, docencia e investigacion. En este desarrollo especifico de sus competencias profesionales, el articulo profundiza en el valor anadido que constituye para las organizaciones desarrollar intervenciones con enfoque preventivo en el medio laboral por parte de esta especialidad enfermera, impacto que se constata por distintas instituciones (Organizacion Mundial de la Salud, Asociacion Internacional de la Seguridad Social y The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), asociaciones profesionales (American Association of Occupational Health Nurses y Federation of Occupational Health within the European Union) y que entiende prioritaria su implantacion la Ley 33/2011 General de Salud Publica y la Comision Nacional de la especialidad de Enfermeria del Trabajo EnglishThe Spanish Official State Gazette (BOE) approves under the SAS Order 1348/2009 the first training program of Occupational Health Nursing defining a new action framework based on the development of different competences acquired in the preventive, clinical care, legal expertise services, management, teaching and research areas. In this specific development of their professional skills, the article dwells upon the added value causing organizations to develop interventions with a preventive approach in the workplace by this specialty nurse, impact that is noted by different institutions (World Health Organization, International Association of Social Security and The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), professional associations (American Association of Occupational Health Nurses and Federation of Occupational Health within the European Union) and which considers its implementation as a priority Law 33/2011 General Public Health and the National Commission of the specialty of Occupational Health Nursing","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41274932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¿Presenta desgaste profesional el personal de urgencias extrahospitalarias?. Resultados Encuestas de Malasch","authors":"Tania Arenal-Gota, Juan Luis Viana-Gárriz, T. Belzunegui-Otano","doi":"10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100024","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the prevalence of Burnout in out-of-hospital emergency medical personnel. \u0000Material and methods: Observational, descriptive and transversal study. A professional data sheet and the Maslach Burnout Inventory of 22 items were applied. In order to get the absolute and relative frequencies a descriptive statistical analysis was performed. In addition to the mean and the standard deviation, a contrast to the Kruskal-Wallis hypothesis and the Wilcoxon hypothesis was shown. In order to analyze the reliability and validity of the scale, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were obtained for the 3 subscales. \u0000Results: Regarding the time worked in the professional category, the drivers who have been driving for less than a year have higher levels of burnout. In relation to the type of contract are those of fixed-term contract. The worse the state of health (regular or bad) is, the greater the burnout. Single people have greater \u0000emotional exhaustion. The fact of not working with the same partners also increases this phenomenon. Burnout does not occur in workers with 24-hour shift, but it occurs in other shifts. Due to the small size of the short-time working sample, no statistical differences were found in the score. \u0000Conclusions: The interest of this study lies in knowing the emotional exhaustion level from the out-ofhospital emergency professionals, as well as evidencing the need to take preventive measures. The results of our study are in line with those published","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46742801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Índice de Capacidad de Trabajo (ICT) en personal sanitario de edad avanzada e intención de jubilación anticipada","authors":"Caridad León Robles","doi":"10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100049","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in which health workers voluntarily participated, these were statutory staff from 62 to 64 years from a tertiary referral hospital. \u0000Objective: To identify the relationship between the Level of Work Ability Index (WAI) with their voluntary early retirement intentions. To this end, the questionnaire, translated from the WAI of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health together with another questionnaire with socio-labor questions, was applied. Results: 56 workers participated (physicians, nursing assistants and nurses). We found out that 100% of those with an impaired WAI had the intention to retire early (Fisher p: 0.019). The Early Retirement Intentions were decreasing as the age increased (X2 for trend line: 4.61, p = 0.03). 73% of nursing assistants followed by 65% of nurses and 14. 2% of physicians (Fisher p: 0.019) intended to retire early. More than 50% of the workers who had intentions of early retirement worked on a rotating shift and 79% of them had intentions of early retirement unlike other shifts (Fisher p 0.048). Swift work has 3 times more risk of considering early retirement than the rest of the shifts (OR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.13- 12.6, p = 0.0298)","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48734554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoplasia de próstata en trabajadores expuestos al cadmio y/o sus compuestos: revisión sistemática","authors":"Ángela Kenia Baines Camps, Alberto Daniel Levy Moshe, María Fernanda Visconti Pimentel, J. Sanz-Valero","doi":"10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2019000100059","url":null,"abstract":"Introduccion: La neoplasia de prostata es la enfermedad maligna mas comun de los paises desarrollados y la segunda causa de muerte a nivel mundial. \u0000Objetivos: Revisar la literatura cientifica existente sobre la aparicion de neoplasias de prostata asociada a la exposicion laboral al cadmio y/o sus compuestos. \u0000Metodos: Revision sistematica de la literatura cientifica recogida en las bases de datos bibliograficas MEDLINE (via PubMed), The Cochrane Library, Scopus y Web of Science. Los terminos utilizados, como descriptores y texto libre en titulo y resumen, fueron: «Cadmium», «Cadmium Compounds», «Cadmium \u0000Radioisotopes», «Cadmium Isotopes», «Cadmium Chloride», «Cadmium Poisoning», «Itai Itai», «Prostatic Neoplasms», «Prostatic Neoplasm», «Prostate Neoplasm», «Prostate Cancer», «Cancer of the Prostate», «Prostatic Cancer», «Cancer of Prostate» y «Occupational Exposure». Se utilizaron los filtros (limites) «humanos» y «adultos» (19+ anos). \u0000Resultados: Se recuperaron 114 referencias, de las que se pudieron obtener a texto completo 14 articulos tras aplicar los criterios de inclusion y exclusion. En ellos se describe la asociacion entre exposicion laboral al cadmio y el desarrollo de neoplasia de prostata. \u0000Conclusiones: A pesar de obtener unos resultados que evaluan el desarrollo de neoplasia de prostata tras la exposicion al cadmio o a sus compuestos, no existe suficiente evidencia que demuestre su efecto carcinogenico en el ambito laboral, por lo que serian necesarios nuevos estudios que aporten evidencia en \u0000relacion a este tema","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41878253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La gestión de la seguridad basada en los comportamientos: ¿un proceso que funciona?","authors":"Ciro Martínez Oropesa","doi":"10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400002","url":null,"abstract":"espanolIntroduccion: El proceso de gestion de la seguridad basada en los comportamientos (PGSBC), se basa en el desarrollo de observaciones a las personas en el cumplimiento de las tareas y retroalimentacion de informacion y reforzamiento positivo en tiempo real, con el proposito de eliminar los comportamientos a riesgos observados, asi como, en algunos de los casos mas avanzados, modificar los factores ambientales y organizativos que los originan. Esta reflexion se desarrollo con el objetivo de brindar un marco referencial resumido sobre la gestion de la seguridad basada en los comportamientos y aportar datos y fundamentos que permiten resaltar los beneficios e impactos para las empresas. Se realizaron revisiones de una importante informacion publicada sobre resultados de este proceso. De esta reflexion se deducen y resumen cambios e impactos positivos en la gestion de la seguridad en muchas empresas en las ultimas decadas, basada en indicadores proactivos y reactivos de la Seguridad Industrial. EnglishThe behavior based safety process (PGSBC), is based on observations of people developing tasks and getting feedback in the form of positive reinforcement in real time, with the aim of eliminating risky behaviors observed and, in some of the more advanced cases, to modify the environmental and organizational factors that cause them. This reflection was developed with the aim of providing a summarized framework on behavior based safety and provide data and rationale that highlights the benefits and impacts for businesses. Reviews of important information published on the process results were performed. From this reflection the changes and positive impacts on safety management in many companies in recent decades have been deducted and summarized, based on proactive and reactive indicators of Industrial safety.","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70443904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factores de riesgo laboral para tenosinovitis del miembro superior","authors":"Mayra Mevic Garrafa Núñez, M. Martín, Graciela Sánchez Lemus","doi":"10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400007","url":null,"abstract":"espanolObjetivos: Identificar los factores de riesgo desencadenantes de tenosinovitis en los trabajadores verificando que casos pueden ser considerados de origen laboral y reconocer las formas de presentacion mas frecuentes en relacion al ambito laboral. Metodologia: Se realiza una revision bibliografica de la literatura cientifica publicada en MedlinePubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CISDOC-ILO/OSH UPDATE, Scopus, LILACS e IBECS en el periodo comprendido entre 2007 a 2014. Resultados: Se obtiene un total de 14 articulos entre los cuales 10 eran transversales y 4 son casos y controles. Todos ellos muestran una elevada probabilidad de desarrollar tenosinovitis en el ambito laboral. La relacion con movimientos repetitivos fue el factor de riesgo mas importante con OR > 2, seguido de posturas forzadas y el uso de herramientas vibratorias. Respecto a los factores psicosociales la depresion presenta una OR = 3,04 (IC95% 2,43-3,81) y la combinacion de movimiento repetitivo y el estres, OR = 4,94 (IC95% 3,532-6,91). Conclusion: Movimientos repetitivos, posturas forzadas y mantenidas, herramientas vibratorias, edad, ser mujer, raza blanca, estres fueron los factores de riesgo encontrados sin poder demostrar en ninguno causalidad, siendo los trastornos musculoesqueleticos mas prevalentes el sindrome del manguito de los rotadores, la enfermedad de De Quervain, dedo en gatillo y la epicondilitis lateral y medial. EnglishObjectives: To identify the workers tenosynovitis triggering risk factors verifying which can be considered work-related cases and recognizing the most frequently occurring form in the workplace. Methods: A literature review of the scientific literature published in PubMed-Medline, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CISDOC-ILO/OSH UPDATE, Scopus, LILACS and IBECS over the period 2007-2014 is performed. Results: A total of 14 items were obtained, among which 10 were cross-sectional items and 4 cases and controls. They all show a high probability of developing tenosynovitis at the workplace. The relationship with repetitive movements was the most important risk factor with OR > 2 followed by awkward postures and vibrating tools use. Regarding psychosocial factors of depression in an OR = 3.04 (CI95% 2.43-3.81) and the combination of repetitive motion and stress, OR = 4.94 (CI95% 3.532 to 6.91). Conclusion: Repetitive movements, enforced and maintained postures, vibrating tools, age, being female, white race, stress were the risk factors found, however it was not possible to demonstrate if it was merely coincidence. The most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders were rotator cuff syndrome, Quervain’s disease, trigger finger and the lateral and medial epicondylitis.","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70444014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Logros y retos en la formación especializada en medicina y enfermería del trabajo tras 10 años del programa oficial de la especialidad","authors":"Victoria Ureña Villardiel, J. Blasco","doi":"10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400001","url":null,"abstract":"En estos diez año hemos asistido a un fenómeno paradójico, por un lado la madurez de las estructuras docentes representadas por las Unidades Docentes de Medicina del Trabajo y Multiprofesionales y de los Centros Formativos de Referencia, dentro de los que debemos dirigir una especial atención a la Escuela Nacional de Medicina del Trabajo del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, que como Institución ha tenido el acierto de trabajar por un proyecto de Curso Superior de Medicina del Trabajo abierto a la construcción junto con los Jefes de Estudios de la Unidades Docentes y Residentes. Esta convergencia en un Proyecto común ha permitido generar un espacio de innovación y progreso cuyo resultado ha sido una formación MIR de excelencia, como así lo evalúa el propio residente.","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70443859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validación de instrumento para identificar el nivel de vulnerabilidad de los trabajadores de la salud a la tuberculosis en instituciones de salud (IVTS TB-001)","authors":"Óscar Andrés Cruz Martínez, Alba Idaly Muñoz Sánchez","doi":"10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/S0465-546X2015000400004","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa Salud y Seguridad en el trabajo son una prioridad en los trabajadores que cuidan la salud, dada su permanente exposicion a factores de riesgo en el proceso de trabajo que desarrollan. De forma particular, la exposicion a la tuberculosis en los trabajadores sanitarios, se considera una problematica frecuente y relevante en su estudio, lo cual precisa la necesidad de desarrollar procesos metodologicos y de validacion de instrumentos solidos, que contribuyan a la identificacion e intervencion de los factores de vulnerabilidad de los trabajadores del sector salud a la tuberculosis. Objetivo: Disenar y validar un instrumento que permita identificar el nivel de vulnerabilidad de los Trabajadores de la Salud a la Tuberculosis en Instituciones de Salud. Materiales y Metodos: Estudio de tipo metodologico, correspondiente al diseno y validacion de un instrumento en sus fases de validacion aparente y validacion de contenido, que permita identificar el nivel de vulnerabilidad de los Trabajadores de la Salud a la Tuberculosis en Instituciones de Salud Resultados: Se efectuo el diseno del instrumento, en sus 4 dimensiones, 19 subdimensiones y 50 items, con su posterior validacion aparente en la poblacion objeto, mediante la valoracion de la comprensibilidad, en una muestra aleatoria de N° = (502) trabajadores de la salud de dos instituciones en las cuales se brinda atencion a pacientes con diagnostico de tuberculosis. La valoracion de la Comprensibilidad del instrumento en los trabajadores, fue del (97,8%). De igual manera, se realizo juicio de expertos y se obtuvo un indice mayor de > 0.58 en la comprension de los items con N= (0.90), una precision del N = (0.90), y una claridad del N = (0.92). En la validacion de contenido se obtuvo una razon de validez de Lawshe modificado por Tristan del N = (0,91), demostrando caracteristicas de validez aparente y de contenido. Conclusion: El diseno y validacion del instrumento (IVTS TB 001), a nivel de validez aparente obtuvo comprension de los items en la poblacion objeto de estudio. Asi mismo, obtiene resultados de comprension, precision, claridad, y en la validez de contenido en la relevancia de los items dada por los expertos, lo cual lo convierte en una herramienta de gran utilidad en el campo de la Salud y Seguridad en el Trabajo en el sector salud, y en la evaluacion de los factores de vulnerabilidad de los trabajadores de la salud a la tuberculosis. EnglishHealth and Safety at work is a priority for health care workers, given their permanent exposure to hazardous agents in the process of work. In particular, exposure to TB in health care workers is considered a common and important problem to be studied, which, in turn, requires the need to develop methodological processes and validation of robust tools that contribute to the identification and intervention vulnerabilities of health workers in the tuberculosis sector. Objective: To design and validate a tool to identify the level of vulnerability of Hea","PeriodicalId":30002,"journal":{"name":"Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70443959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}