Factores de riesgo laboral para tenosinovitis del miembro superior

Abstract

espanolObjetivos: Identificar los factores de riesgo desencadenantes de tenosinovitis en los trabajadores verificando que casos pueden ser considerados de origen laboral y reconocer las formas de presentacion mas frecuentes en relacion al ambito laboral. Metodologia: Se realiza una revision bibliografica de la literatura cientifica publicada en MedlinePubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CISDOC-ILO/OSH UPDATE, Scopus, LILACS e IBECS en el periodo comprendido entre 2007 a 2014. Resultados: Se obtiene un total de 14 articulos entre los cuales 10 eran transversales y 4 son casos y controles. Todos ellos muestran una elevada probabilidad de desarrollar tenosinovitis en el ambito laboral. La relacion con movimientos repetitivos fue el factor de riesgo mas importante con OR > 2, seguido de posturas forzadas y el uso de herramientas vibratorias. Respecto a los factores psicosociales la depresion presenta una OR = 3,04 (IC95% 2,43-3,81) y la combinacion de movimiento repetitivo y el estres, OR = 4,94 (IC95% 3,532-6,91). Conclusion: Movimientos repetitivos, posturas forzadas y mantenidas, herramientas vibratorias, edad, ser mujer, raza blanca, estres fueron los factores de riesgo encontrados sin poder demostrar en ninguno causalidad, siendo los trastornos musculoesqueleticos mas prevalentes el sindrome del manguito de los rotadores, la enfermedad de De Quervain, dedo en gatillo y la epicondilitis lateral y medial. EnglishObjectives: To identify the workers tenosynovitis triggering risk factors verifying which can be considered work-related cases and recognizing the most frequently occurring form in the workplace. Methods: A literature review of the scientific literature published in PubMed-Medline, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CISDOC-ILO/OSH UPDATE, Scopus, LILACS and IBECS over the period 2007-2014 is performed. Results: A total of 14 items were obtained, among which 10 were cross-sectional items and 4 cases and controls. They all show a high probability of developing tenosynovitis at the workplace. The relationship with repetitive movements was the most important risk factor with OR > 2 followed by awkward postures and vibrating tools use. Regarding psychosocial factors of depression in an OR = 3.04 (CI95% 2.43-3.81) and the combination of repetitive motion and stress, OR = 4.94 (CI95% 3.532 to 6.91). Conclusion: Repetitive movements, enforced and maintained postures, vibrating tools, age, being female, white race, stress were the risk factors found, however it was not possible to demonstrate if it was merely coincidence. The most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders were rotator cuff syndrome, Quervain’s disease, trigger finger and the lateral and medial epicondylitis.