{"title":"Discrete-time prediction based event-triggered controller design: An application to networked multi-area power system with time delays","authors":"Sumant Anand , Manjeet Kumar , Sanjeev Kumar , Arkdev","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>This work proposes a solution for power system stability by utilizing prediction-based event-triggered control (ETC) in the discrete-time domain. The proposed </span>control method can handle a large sampling period, and the event-triggered mechanism (ETM) is applied in both controller and actuator loops to reduce the network’s computational and communication burden. Input and output (I/O) quantizers are used to avoid the </span>quantization error<span><span><span> that arises due to sampling and are also included in the stability analysis. The proposed control strategy is evaluated under various load scenarios using three-area interconnected power systems<span>. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach saves 25.5%, 22%, and 23.5% of channel bandwidth in each area, as compared to the conventional time-triggered control approach. A comparative study shows that the proposed work outperforms recently reported works in terms of better event triggering number, average inter-event time, and performance indices. The effectiveness of the proposed control schemes is further validated by considering uncertainty in system parameters and typical power system </span></span>nonlinearities<span>. The study also illustrates the integration of renewable energy resources (RERs) and electric vehicles (EVs). The closed-loop system stability is proved theoretically using uniform ultimate </span></span>boundedness and validated through simulations in MATLAB R2018a.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":29926,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Journal of Systems and Control","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47741290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Rigatos , M. Abbaszadeh , J. Pomares , K. Busawon
{"title":"A nonlinear optimal control approach for autonomous reentry space vehicles","authors":"G. Rigatos , M. Abbaszadeh , J. Pomares , K. Busawon","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Nonlinear control for autonomous reentry space vehicles has been a topic of intensive research during the last years in the area of aerospace science and technology. The associated dynamic model is obtained by expressing position variables and </span>orientation angles of the space vehicle in different coordinate frames, namely an earth-fixed, an earth rotating and a body fixed frame. In this article, a nonlinear optimal control approach is proposed for the dynamic model of reentry space vehicles. It is proven that the longitudinal motion dynamic model of reentry space vehicles is differentially flat and a flatness-based controller is designed about it. Next, in the nonlinear optimal control approach, the dynamic model of the reentry space vehicle undergoes approximate linearization around a temporary operating point that is recomputed at each time-step of the </span>control method<span><span>. The linearization relies on Taylor series expansion and on the associated </span>Jacobian matrices<span>. For the linearized state-space model of the reentry space vehicle a stabilizing optimal (H-infinity) feedback controller<span> is designed. This controller stands for the solution to the nonlinear optimal control problem under model uncertainty and external perturbations. To compute the controller’s feedback gains an algebraic </span></span></span></span>Riccati equation<span> is repetitively solved at each iteration of the control algorithm. The stability properties of the control method are proven through Lyapunov analysis. The proposed nonlinear optimal control approach achieves fast and accurate tracking of reference setpoints under moderate variations of the control inputs and a minimum dispersion of energy.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":29926,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Journal of Systems and Control","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47770866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parametric identification of flat stochastic systems for effective connectivity characterization","authors":"Hana Baili","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Some of the mechanisms that generate neuronal signals are known at the cellular level and rest on a balance of excitatory and inhibitory interactions within and between populations of neurons. Neural mass models assume that a neuronal population can be approximated using very few state variables, generally limited to mean membrane currents, potentials, and firing rates. This article deals with nonlinear parametric identification problems in neurophysiologically based models simulating </span>brain effective connectivity. We propose a novel approach which utilizes optimal control theory for partially flat </span>stochastic differential systems. The optimization-based approach to effective connectivity characterization has been tested through simulation experiments and compared with the extended and unscented </span>Kalman filters. A variety of case studies have been successfully used for connectivity parameter identification: constant functions, step functions, periodic functions and random functions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29926,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Journal of Systems and Control","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44247422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stratonovich framework into Markovian satellite dynamics of Carleman-based filtering using energy function observables approach","authors":"Ravish H. Hirpara , Prashant G. Medewar","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In this paper the satellite system in which fluctuating aerodynamic torque and the radial perturbation about the pitch motion of orbit is analyzed. The objectives of the paper are three-fold. The first objective is the ‘Carleman linearization representation into the nonlinear stochastic evolution of the Markov process’. The second is to filter process and measurement noises in the satellite dynamics<span> parameters in the Carleman setting. The third is to find the stability and convergence condition of satellite dynamics. The first is achieved by unifying the generating function, Carleman embedding, Itô stochastic differential rules and the finite closure with </span></span>Kronecker<span><span><span> algebra. Concerning the second objective, we recast the finite-dimensional Stochastic Differential Equations (SDE) of the satellite dynamics into a finite system of bilinear SDE via the Carleman embedding. The third objective is to achieve the Lyapunov function<span> and asymptotic stability condition for the satellite </span></span>stochastic dynamics involving the ‘Stratonovich differential’. In this paper, we demonstrate the utility of the satellite dynamics filtering in the Carleman-based filtering via ‘its </span>convergence analysis<span> as well as its superiority with available methods’, i.e., the benchmark extended Kalman filter, Gaussian second-order filter and Kushner–Stratonovich higher-order filter. From simulation performed it can be said that the Carleman-based filtering is superior than other benchmark filters in terms of their Absolute Filtering Error (AFE) of conditional means and conditional variances of the satellite dynamics states.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":29926,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Journal of Systems and Control","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46231134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flatness-based control in successive loops for electropneumatic actuators and robots","authors":"G. Rigatos , M. Abbaszadeh , J. Pomares","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The control problem for the nonlinear dynamics<span> of robotic and mechatronic systems with electropneumatic actuation is solved with the use of a flatness-based control approach which is implemented in successive loops. The state-space model of these systems is separated into a series of subsystems, which are connected between them in cascading loops. Each one of these subsystems can be viewed independently as a </span></span>differentially flat system and control about it can be performed with inversion of its dynamics as in the case of input–output linearized flat systems. In this chain of </span><span><math><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><mi>N</mi></mrow></math></span> subsystems, the state variables of the subsequent (<span><math><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>th) subsystem become virtual control inputs for the preceding (<span><math><mi>i</mi></math></span>th) subsystem, and so on. In turn, exogenous control inputs are applied to the last subsystem and are computed by tracing backwards the virtual control inputs of the preceding <span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span><span><span> subsystems. The whole control method is implemented in successive loops and its global stability properties are also proven through </span>Lyapunov stability analysis<span>. The validity of the control method is confirmed in two case studies: (a) control of an electropneumatic actuator, (ii) control of a multi-DOF robotic manipulator with electropneumatic actuators.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":29926,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Journal of Systems and Control","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49574353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Skydiving technique analysis from a control engineering perspective: Developing a tool for studying human motor equivalence","authors":"Anna Clarke , Per-Olof Gutman","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study offers a novel mathematical approach to sports technique analysis and motor equivalency investigation. The method is aimed to deal with intensive interaction between the environment and a trainee, and activities for which imitation learning is less efficient and movements must be established individually. The free-fall stage of skydiving is investigated, when aerial manoeuvres are performed by changing the body posture and thus deflecting the surrounding airflow. The natural learning process of body flight is hard and protracted as the required movements are not similar to our natural movement repertoire, are often counter-intuitive, and highly dependant on anthropometric factors. The proposed method extracts the trainee’s movement patterns via Principal Component Analysis, and analyses the performed manoeuvres by modelling the dynamic response of the closed-loop feedback control system comprising the body actuated by each pattern and the environment. The method can provide a valuable insight into the subject’s learning process. The main novelty is that instead of comparing trainee’s movements to a template or a movement pattern, extracted from a top-rated athlete, we offer an independent way of technique analysis. Design tools of automatic control theory are utilised to suggest technique modifications that provide the desired performance improvement. An unconventional insight into the motor equivalence problem is achieved: Multiple body degrees-of-freedom are needed for shaping dynamic characteristics of the controlled plant. Movement patterns synergies provide a trade-off between these characteristics, e.g. stability and agility. The method is demonstrated on three case studies of aerial rotation of skilled, less-skilled, and elite skydivers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29926,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Journal of Systems and Control","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49763815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daisuke Inoue , Yuji Ito , Takahito Kashiwabara , Norikazu Saito , Hiroaki Yoshida
{"title":"Partially Centralized Model-Predictive Mean Field Games for controlling multi-agent systems","authors":"Daisuke Inoue , Yuji Ito , Takahito Kashiwabara , Norikazu Saito , Hiroaki Yoshida","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fast, high-performance control of large Multi-Agent Systems (MASs) is a major challenge. We address this problem using Mean Field Games (MFGs), which deduce the macroscopic dynamics of the density distribution of the agent population from the microscopic dynamics of each agent. To control MASs using the MFG, two main problems need to be solved: preventing control performance degradation caused by distribution estimation errors and ensuring the scalability of communication. To overcome these issues, we develop a new control method called the <em>Partially Centralized Model-Predictive MFG (PCMP-MFG)</em>. The proposed method solves the first issue by repeating distribution estimation and model-predictive control at each time; it solves the second by introducing broadcast control. Our numerical results show that the proposed PCMP-MFG method outperforms the conventional MFG-based method in a wide parameter range.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29926,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Journal of Systems and Control","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49763798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fixed/predefined-time synchronization on complex networks in the light of T-S fuzzy system","authors":"Dongmei Ruan , Shiju Yang , Wanli Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research studies the realization of fixed-time synchronization and predefined-time synchronization over complex networks in the light of T-S fuzzy system by employing ameliorating control strategies. Firstly, different from the previous results, some novel results of considered system are acquired to ensure fixed-time synchronization and predefined-time synchronization. Secondly, some more relaxed conditions are acquired for fixed-time synchronization, besides, several exacter settling time estimates are obtained by using some specific functions. Thirdly, via special control schemes, the synchronization based on predefined-time method is studied, whose synchronization time can be set up in advance according to actual needs. It is worth noting that synchronization time is not only irrelevant to the system parameters but also independent of the initial states. Particularly, the necessary conditions of fixed-time and predefined-time synchronization on T-S fuzzy complex networks are obtained. Lastly, the improved fixed-time and predefined-time synchronization results are confirmed by a numerical simulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29926,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Journal of Systems and Control","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49743443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesco Abbracciavento , Francesco Zinnari , Simone Formentin , Andrea G. Bianchessi , Sergio M. Savaresi
{"title":"Multi-intersection traffic signal control: A decentralized MPC-based approach","authors":"Francesco Abbracciavento , Francesco Zinnari , Simone Formentin , Andrea G. Bianchessi , Sergio M. Savaresi","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2022.100214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacsc.2022.100214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traffic signal control is considered as one of the most important urban traffic management tools, due to its effectiveness in reducing traffic congestion, resulting in smoother and more secure vehicle flows. This work proposes a decentralized Model Predictive Control<span><span> (MPC) strategy for the minimization of the queue length in a multi-intersection road network. Specifically, we show that our efficient linear formulation enables real-time control of the intersections’ signals, while taking into account safety constraints and pedestrian requests. A novel hyper-parameter </span>tuning algorithm for decentralized MPC (based on Bayesian Optimization) is also proposed. The method is finally tested on a microscopic traffic simulator faithfully reproducing the layout of a real multi-intersection framework in Monza, Italy, fed with real traffic profiles. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach, which can be easily scaled up to larger networks by keeping comparable performance with the state-of-the-art centralized methods.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":29926,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Journal of Systems and Control","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49764242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On convergence of nonlinear tracking differentiator based on finite-time stable system subject to stochastic noise","authors":"Bao-Zhu Guo , Hao-Lan Peng , Ze-Hao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacsc.2023.100215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we consider convergence for a nonlinear tracking differentiator constructed from a finite-time stable system, where the input signal is corrupted by bounded stochastic noise. The existence of global weak solutions is firstly proved. It is shown that the nonlinear tracking differentiator tracks the input signal in the almost surely practical sense. With the same tuning parameter, the convergence accuracy is shown to be higher than that of the linear tracking differentiator. Some numerical simulations are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed differentiator.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29926,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Journal of Systems and Control","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49764246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}