American Journal of Research in Business and Social Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Contingency Theory: An Assessment","authors":"Temitope MARK, Shalom Ufuoma ERUDE","doi":"10.58314/wt2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58314/wt2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This study is premised on contingency theory. It looks at it from a holistic point of- a critical study. Proponents of this theory, chief amongst them is Fred Fielder, are of the view that, there exist a plethora of ways to getting things done. There is no one best way. This theory is also referred to as the situational theory. It is of the argument that, whatever approach cum style a leader or manager adopts, is a function of several factors viz a viz size of the organization, leader-follower relationship, influence of the leader and the overall working condition of the organization. In a very large organization, management would tilt towards the Max Weber bureaucracy that is highly characterized by specialization, formal authority, hierarchy, and what have you. Whilst a relatively small organization would definitely fail, if it tries to follow the precept of the former. Managers cum leaders of the smaller organization would have to be less formal and establish a close rapport with the staffs and all that.","PeriodicalId":299041,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Research in Business and Social Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135285310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Social Entrepreneurship Education on Social Startup Creation: A Study of Selected Public Universities","authors":"Ejos Mercy Ogbari, Preye Samson Ingomowei","doi":"10.58314/ehi766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58314/ehi766","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Businesses fail due to lack of proper financial management practices. A lot of countries are in great recession because of mismanagement of public finance. Most developing nations have refused to implement good financial management practices in order to ensure transparency, and economic development in the country. However, the purpose of this research is to examine the relevance of financial management practices in developed and developing countries. In addition to the study, its aim is to compare how financial management practice is done in developing and developed nations. It entails the financial management structure in developed (USA and Canada) compared to that of developing countries (Ghana and Nigeria). The authors used secondary sources by reviewing archival literature of past studies such as journal and conferences proceedings, magazines, books, internet sources and so on. Discussion on how financial management will benefits household individuals, businesses and governments in a country are given in this research paper. The challenges faced in countries for lack of proper financial management practice are also included in this research paper. In this study, the authors found that finance has a great impact on the society, whether it being personal, business or public finances, they all play a key role in promoting growth and development in a country. The authors also found out that financial management help countries to prepare a detailed financial budget on how to track the expense and income of a country. Further empirical studies could be carried out by different authors by using qualitative and quantitative research method in order to get accurate data on the relevance of financial management practice in developing and developed countries.","PeriodicalId":299041,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Research in Business and Social Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129488957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tax Incentives and Firm’s Profitability: Evidence from Manufacturing Companies","authors":"J. Akomolafe","doi":"10.58314/202020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58314/202020","url":null,"abstract":"This research work centered on the establishment of the how tax incentives can improve profit statement of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The major objectives of the research paper is to determine the effect of tax procedures on profitability of firm in selected manufacturing companies and to determine the effect of tax incentives on profitability of firms in selected manufacturing companies, primary source of data which was questionnaire was adopted for this research work and based the peculiarity of the research paper title and population consisted selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The hypotheses were tested and analysed through the aid of Statistical Tools for Social Science (SPSS version 23). The results of the analysis established that tax incentives has no positive and significant impact on the profitability of fifirms of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. However, the researcher was of the opinion that with the tax-exempt income and loss relief, there is a significant relationship between tax incentive and profitability of firms of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study concludes that the government of Nigeria should encourage tax incentives in some industries which increase their returns on asset. In addition, manufacturing companies that encounter losses may apply those losses to previous tax payments in order to boost their returns on assets. This is based on the condition that they do not demand existing refunds in excess of cumulative tax payments in those years. In this study, the researcher recommends that manufacturing companies in Nigeria be made more aware of the importance of tax incentives. They should also be required to take advantage of such incentives to increase the country’s manufacturing industries. Finally, policy makers should help to create a more enabling climate by providing good roads and electricity, which have become the primary causes of manufacturing firms profit losses. Keywords: Manufacturing Firms: Tax Incentives: Organizational Profitability: Nigeria","PeriodicalId":299041,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Research in Business and Social Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114804165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Corporate Image Management on Organizational Profitability: A Study of Commercial Banks in Nigeria","authors":"Ejovwokeoghene Mercy Ogbari, O. Olujobi, D. Ufua, Ayodele Maxwell Olokundun, Princess Titilola Fagbemi","doi":"10.58314/345678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58314/345678","url":null,"abstract":"Ethical consciousness cannot be overemphasized in present day globalization-driven and multidimensional environment with maddened excessive information before consumers who are highly socially conscious. The research examines ethical corporate image management on organizational profitability using two (2) commercial banks in Lagos, Nigeria. Data was gathered through questionnaire. One hundred and eighty-six (186) questionnaires were administered to employees of the selected branches of First Bank plc. and Guaranty Trust Bank Plc. but only One Hundred and Fifty-Eight (158) copies of the questionnaires were retrieved and analyzed. Hypotheses were tested with regression analysis. The study recommended that commercial banks are encouraged to incorporate public relations as a significant part of their brand strategy thereby improving customer satisfaction, banks should employ more aggressive advertisements as competitive tools for increasing and sustaining sales volume thereby increasing their market share, strategic efforts to make alliance with brands that share and promote their core organizational values and culture, and encouraged to engage in community programs such as educational programs as well as to regularly give back to the communities where their offices are located as part of their corporate social responsibility and to increase their market share in the sector Keywords: Ethical: Corporate Image: Management: Organizational Profitability: Banks","PeriodicalId":299041,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Research in Business and Social Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121862646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of Queueing Efficiency and Performance of Nigeria Commercial Banks","authors":"","doi":"10.58314/678900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58314/678900","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research is to carry out an optimisation of the comparative analysis of the queuing efficiency of commercial banks using the TORA Optimisation Approach. Based on a sample size of four commercial banks of the top two performing banks and least two performing banks in Lagos State Nigeria, the research adopted the output from the Tora Optimisation Software to show the performance of each of the banks based on queuing efficiency. The variables measured include arrival rate ( λ ) and service rate ( µ ). They were analysed for synchronised efficiency in customer satisfaction as relating to the queuing efficiency of each of the banks which were compared among commercial banks using number of queuing efficiency performances such as; the average number of customers on queue and in the system, average time each customer spends on queue and in the system and the probability of the system being idle. The results showed that Bank A had the highest traffic intensity with its customer arrival rate not being matched with faster service delivery rate by bank officials. Banks peak period with high influx of customers was 10:30 to 11:30am and between 12:30pm to 1:30pm daily is off peak period. The research made recommendation on how the queuing efficiency of each banks, can be improved upon due to its concern to most customers. Keywords: Queuing Efficiency, Peak period, Traffic Intensity, Queuing system, Arrival Rate, Service Rate","PeriodicalId":299041,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Research in Business and Social Sciences","volume":"342 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134144419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of Online Payment Modes on Purchase Behaviour of Students at Baze University, Abuja-Nigeria","authors":"","doi":"10.58314/234500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58314/234500","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigated the implications of online payment modes on the purchase behaviour of students at Baze University, Abuja. Three research objectives and three research questions guided the study. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population consisted of 600 students of Baze University, Abuja. The sample size of 234 students was used for the study, using the Krejeie and Morgan (1970) sampling size determination Table Technique. The data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire titled: “Online Payment Modes and Students’ Purchase Behaviour Questionnaire (OPMSPBQ)”. Test-retest method of reliability was used to obtain the internal consistency, showing an index of 0.78. Data collected were subjected to descriptive statistics, using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 software. The study discovered among others that; credit/debit card mode, Point of sales (pos) mode and mobile banking system mode were the most frequently used online payment modes by students of Baze University, Abuja. The online payment mode is convenient for students, it saves students time in handling cash meant for the purchase of goods and services. Network errors and the high cost of internet access relative to students’ income were challenges of online payment modes for students of Baze University, Abuja. The researchers recommended among others that the management of Baze University, Abuja including Banks and other finance houses should erect basic infrastructure that can support different online payment modes to prevent cases of network errors and there should be an adequate security measure to prevent illicit alteration of payment data by students or pay agents. Keywords: University Students: Online Payment Modes: Purchase Behaviour: Internet Sources: Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":299041,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Research in Business and Social Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128342478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering Rural Women with Socio-Economic Skills for Poverty Alleviation and Sustainable Development","authors":"Emmanuel HARUNA Ojogbane","doi":"10.58314/567890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58314/567890","url":null,"abstract":"Poverty is deadly and should be handled with almost seriousness. This is what the rural women go through from this research. The rural women who are the target of this paper suffer a lot of socio-economic and political setback as a result of poverty. Poverty is seen as when an individual or a household is unable to meet what is considered as minimum requirement to sustain livelihood in a given society. Sustainable development which is a panacea for poverty alleviation is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their needs. Poverty alleviation programme is a task that must rigorously pursued in order to make the rural women live a better life. This call for socio-economic skill, such as functional literacy, entrepreneur training etc. of bringing the rural women out of this condition are recommended, such as elimination of discrimination against rural women, ensure equal right of rural women to own land and inherit property. Finally conclusion to drawn thus, the rural women make serous and reasonable contributions to the economy of the nation and so every effort to liberate them from the scourge of poverty is a welcome idea. Keywords: Women Empowerment: Rural Poverty: Socio-Economic Skills: National Development: Sustainable Development.","PeriodicalId":299041,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Research in Business and Social Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122945132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Strategies and Organizational Performance of Manufacturing Sector: Mediating Role of Green Organizational Culture","authors":"","doi":"10.58314/899089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58314/899089","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines the mediating role of green organizational culture between green finance, green procurement, green marketing and organizational performance with specific reference to Nigerian manufacturing companies. A non-probability convenience sampling technique was used on 250 respondents from Nigerian manufacturing companies in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Instruments used for the study include Green Finance Scale, Green Procurement Scale, Green Marketing Scale, Green Organizational Culture Scale, and Organization Performance Scale. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. Research shows that green finance has a positive and significant relationship with green organizational culture and organizational performance. Evidence also reveals that green procurement is positively associated with green organizational culture and organizational performance but not significant. It was also established that green marketing has a positive and significant linear relationship with green organizational culture and organizational performance. Furthermore, the study found that green organizational culture mediates partly between green finance and the organizational performance, and partly mediates between green marketing and the organizational performance, but does not mediate between green purchasing and organizational performance. Therefore, the manufacturing sector must adopt and fully implement green strategies to achieve competitive advantage and social acceptance. Keywords: Green Culture: Green Finance: Green Procurement: Green Marketing: Organizational Performance.","PeriodicalId":299041,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Research in Business and Social Sciences","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121888805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Export Performance of Honey Industry in Ethiopia","authors":"Dugassa Mamo Gezahagn","doi":"10.58314/899021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58314/899021","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to identify the determinants of export performance of honey industry in Ethiopia and to establish trends of the Ethiopian honey export volume and honey export value. Specifically, the study aimed to assess factors that determine the export performance of existing Ethiopian honey exporters, to identify the extent at which the determinants have an effect on performance of Ethiopian honey export industry, and to assess the trends of Ethiopian honey export in volume and value. In the study a descriptive and explanatory research designs were adopted and the sampling technique (non-probabilitypurposive sampling technique) was used to select sample of 96 sample size from 24 Ethiopian honey exporting firms. The data collection methods; primary and secondary methods were applied to collect the data. The analysis of the secondary data showed that the trends of the Ethiopian honey export volume and honey export value showed an average decline rate of 53% and 51.5% respectively during 2011-2020. The result of primary data indicate that domestic market price and application of agrochemicals on crops, and adulteration mixing honey with other products negatively affect honey export performance with (mean 4.30 and Std dev 0.645), and (mean = 4.43 and std dev =.597), and (mean= 4.48 and std dev= .525) negatively affect honey export performance. Honey marketing legal framework revealed mean value (mean = 4.43, std dev= .637), laboratory service (mean 4.36 and std dev = .636), storage and packaging materials with (mean = 4.33 and std dev= .633) by suppliers and producers, financial credit services (mean= 4.10 and Std dev = .640), and supply of honey (mean= 4.31 and mean= .675) positively affect honey export performance in Ethiopia. The study recommends Ethiopia to have mandatory honey standard, technical supervision and follow up must be strong to reduce adulteration of honey and enhance quality as it is the major criteria of export standard, establishment of new policies on application of agrochemical crops and pesticides, creating suitable condition to produce honey storage and packaging materials in the country, increase production volume to stabilize domestic market price and increase export performance. Keywords: Ethiopia: Export Performance: Market: Honey Export Volume: Honey Export Value","PeriodicalId":299041,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Research in Business and Social Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121989690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Social Media Covid-19 Messages on the Lifestyle of Students in Two Nigerian Universities","authors":"","doi":"10.58314/787890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58314/787890","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of the corona virus disease has affected every facet of human existence including the way life is lived. To forestall the spread of the disease, lifestyle changes in form of safety protocols were advanced by health and medical experts. These protocols were propagated on the social media seeing that social media have been known to be veritable disseminators of health information. This study was conducted among students of Kogi state university and University of Nigeria to ascertain the influence of social media Covid-19 messages on their uptake of the new lifestyles promoted in form of safety protocols. The survey research design was adopted with questionnaire as instrument. Findings revealed that respondents were aware of the protocols and they made use of Facebook, WhatsApp and Instagram platforms more frequently to access Covid -19 messages on the social media. Further findings show that they saw the safety protocols on the social media and their exposure to these messages influenced them to adopt the protocols, hence effecting a change in their lifestyles. It was also discovered that the influence was however not overwhelming as it was mild on protocols that encouraged shaking hands and receiving hugs. This implies a mild change in lifestyle effected b y the social media. It was thus concluded that social media, no doubt, have a role to play in mitigating the contagion rate of the Covid-19. It was thus recommended that health communication planners should engage the social media in coming up with communication interventions for health emergencies. Keywords: Covid-19: Social Media: Lifestyle: Students: Safety Protocols.","PeriodicalId":299041,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Research in Business and Social Sciences","volume":"75 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133111827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}