Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Recent Progress in the Understanding and Management of Acute Mountain Sickness: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Divyanshi Gupta, Pranay Wal, Mudita Mishra, Ankita Wal, Shruti Rathore, Shiv Shanker Pandey, Nikita Saraswat, Bhagawati Saxena","doi":"10.2174/0127724328237059230919093818","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0127724328237059230919093818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals at higher altitudes may experience a decrease in blood oxygen levels, which can result in a variety of clinical illnesses, such as high-altitude pulmonary edema, high-altitude cerebral edema, and milder but more common acute mountain sickness (AMS).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to review the current state of knowledge related to motion sickness, the risk of AMS, and pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for AMS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Several databases, including PubMed, Bentham Science, Elsevier, Springer, and Research Gate, were used to compile the data for the article following a thorough analysis of the various research findings connected to acute mountain sickness and motion sickness, along with treatments and prevention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This article covers the research on mountain sickness as well as every imaginable form of conventional and alternative medicine. It contains ten medicinal plants that are useful in treating mountain sickness and various other remedies. Additionally, case studies are provided.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Therefore, the information in the paper will help travel medicine specialists better personalize their appropriate care for patients who travel to high-altitude locations. Additionally, all available antiemetic medications, serotonin agonists, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and herbal treatments for motion sickness were discussed. The prevention and consequences of acute mountain sickness are also covered in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54231301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic Insight into the Role of Peptides Secreted from <i>Bacillus clausii</i> and Future Opportunities.","authors":"Jyoti Guleria, Minhaj Ahmad Khan","doi":"10.2174/0127724328273252240201071756","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0127724328273252240201071756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Bacillus clausii</i> is a commercial spore probiotic known to treat multiple diseases. An increased interest in exploring the nutraceutical and probiotic properties of various microorganisms has made researchers explore more about these bacteria. The current trends in the healthcare industry are majorly focused on devising new therapies to avoid drug and pathogen resistance in patients. Antimicrobial peptides have been considered a source of antibiotics for a long time. Still, getting new therapies into the market is a big challenge. Members of the genus Bacillus have been reported to have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial peptides. One of the least explored species under this genus is <i>Bacillus clausii</i>, concerning peptide drug therapy. The applications of <i>Bacillus clausii</i> in treating or preventing gut dysbiosis and respiratory infections have been largely supported in the past two decades. Yet research is lacking in explaining the pathways at molecular levels in targeting pathogens. In this mini-review, we are going to summarise the research that has been reported so far about peptide extraction from <i>Bacillus clausii</i>, their mode of action and advantages to mankind, and the challenges lying in the isolation of peptides.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139906611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metronidazole Induced Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reaction- A Systematic Review of Descriptive Studies.","authors":"Shifa Taj, Mohammed Zuber, Vidhyashree Ballagere Hanumanthaiah, Rajesh Venkataraman, Sathish Kumar Puttegowda, Syed Afrid, Sai Kiran","doi":"10.2174/2772432819666230601155545","DOIUrl":"10.2174/2772432819666230601155545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A substantial number of research studies on metronidazole-related cutaneous symptoms have recently been published. Our objective was to identify and evaluate descriptive studies that described metronidazole-related skin manifestations, therapeutic interventions, and consequences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, and grey literature databases from inception to April 2022 without any constraints, as well as a snowball search in Google and a search in Google Scholar. Descriptive articles describing metronidazole-related cutaneous manifestations were considered for the review. Two distinct reviewers carried out the research selection, data extraction, and quality assessment; any discrepancies were resolved by consensus with the third reviewer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 24 out of 4648 descriptive studies, including 26 patients (20 Female patients and 6 male patients), were included in this review. The included studies comprised a range of ages from 16 to 78 years old. Metronidazole was indicated for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, sepsis, anti-infection therapy, perforated appendicitis, rosacea, vaginal discharge, dysentery, acne rosacea, trichomonal vaginitis, lichen planus, liver abscess, facial rosacea, intestinal amoebiasis, and gingivitis. Fixed drug eruption was the most common skin manifestation which was reported in 7 cases included in this review. Cutaneous manifestations were ameliorated by cessation of the offending drug and by apportioning antihistamines, topical steroids, parenteral corticosteroids, emollients, and topical moisturizers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinicians and healthcare professionals should be cognizant of the potential cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) induced by metronidazole to mitigate fatal circumstances. The management of the CADRs appears to respond effectively with immediate drug discontinuation and supportive therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9553902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association between Statins Intake and Risk of Post Stroke Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Darvishi, Mehdi Mohammadian Amiri, Saeid Heidari-Soureshjani, Catherine M T Sherwin, Hossein Mardani-Nafchi","doi":"10.2174/0127724328258172230926070748","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0127724328258172230926070748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This research aimed to examine the relationship between the intake of statins and the risk of post-stroke pneumonia in a systematic review and meta-analysis study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An extensive search of published articles on March 2^1st, 2023, was done in several databases, like Web of Science (ISI), PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist was employed to evaluate the quality of observational studies. Statistical tests (Chi-square test and I²) and graphical techniques (Forest plot) were used to determine whether heterogeneity existed in the meta-analysis studies. Funnel plots and Begg and Egger's tests were used to assess the publication bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies (5 cohort and 2 case-control studies) were retrieved to examine the association between statins and post-stroke pneumonia. The sample size of the studies compiled in the meta- analysis was obtained to be 68,966 participants. Meta-analysis demonstrated that the overall odds of post-stroke pneumonia in the statin group was equal to 0.87 (95% CI: 0.67 - 1.13; p-value 0.458). Subgroup analysis indicated that the odds of post-stroke pneumonia in the statin group was equal to 0.93 (95% CI: 0.73-1.18; p-value = 0.558) in the cohort studies, and equal to 0.92 (95% CI: 0.37-2.26; p-value = 0.857) in the case-control studies. The examination of the association between the intake of statins and post-stroke pneumonia showed no evidence of publication bias (Begg's test, p-value = 0.368; Eggers test, p-value = 0.282).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, no relationship has been observed between receiving statins and the risk of post-stroke pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41214660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Products in Bone and Cartilage Defects.","authors":"Dylana Diaz-Solano, Bahareh Sadri, Maria Peshkova, Anastasia Shpichka, Olga Smirnova, Roshanak Shams, Peter Timashev, Massoud Vosough","doi":"10.2174/0127724328274436231207062008","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0127724328274436231207062008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of patients with functional loss of bone and cartilage tissue has shown an increasing trend. Insufficient or inappropriate conventional treatments applied for trauma, orthopedic diseases, or other bone and cartilage-related disorders can lead to bone and cartilage damage. This represents a worldwide public health issue and a significant economic burden. Advanced therapeutic medicinal products (ATMPs) proposed promising alternative therapeutic modalities by application of cell-based and tissue engineering approaches. Recently, several ATMPs have been developed to promote bone and cartilage tissue regeneration. Fifteen ATMPs, two related to bone and 13 related to cartilage, have received regulatory approval and marketing authorization. However, four ATMPs were withdrawn from the market for various reasons. However, ATMPs that are still on the market have demonstrated positive results, their broad application faced limitations. The development and standardization of methodologies will be a major challenge in the coming decades. Currently, the number of ATMPs in clinical trials using mesenchymal stromal cells or chondrocytes indicates a growing recognition that current ATMPs can be improved. Research on bone and cartilage tissue regeneration continues to expand. Cell-based therapies are likely to be clinically supported by the new ATMPs, innovative fabrication processes, and enhanced surgical approaches. In this study, we highlighted the available ATMPs that have been used in bone and cartilage defects and discussed their advantages and disadvantages in clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139564825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application of Kinesin Inhibitors in Medical Issues.","authors":"Mojgan Nejabat, Farzin Hadizadeh, Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.2174/0127724328277623231204064614","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0127724328277623231204064614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kinesins are a group of motor proteins in charge of several crucial functions in the cell. These proteins often bind to microtubules and perform their functions using the energy produced by ATP hydrolysis. One function of mitotic kinesin, a subclass of kinesin that is expressed during cell division at the mitotic phase, is to create the mitotic spindle. Uncontrolled cell growth is one trait of cancerous cells. Traditional anticancer medications still used in clinics include taxanes (paclitaxel) and vinca alkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine), which interfere with microtubule dynamics. However, because non-dividing cells like post-mitotic neurons contain microtubules, unwanted side effects like peripheral neuropathy are frequently found in patients taking these medications. More than ten members of the mitotic kinesin family play distinct or complementary roles during mitosis. The mitotic kinesin family's KSP, or Eg5, is regarded as its most dramatic target protein. The current work systematically reviews the use of kinesin inhibitors in the medical field. The challenges of KSP and the practical solutions are also examined, and the outcomes of the previous works are reported. The significant gaps and shortcomings of the related works are also highlighted, which can be an onset topic for future works.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139564828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrapleural Thrombolytics for Parapneumonic Effusion: A Network Metaanalysis.","authors":"Kannan Sridharan, Gowri Sivaramakrishnan","doi":"10.2174/2772432817666220928123845","DOIUrl":"10.2174/2772432817666220928123845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Intrapleural thrombolytics have been trialed for facilitating pleural fluid drainage in patients with complicated parapneumonic effusion. The present study is a network metaanalysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that have evaluated these thrombolytics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic databases (Medline, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Google Scholar) were searched for appropriate RCTs evaluating the therapeutic effect of thrombolytics in patients with complicated parapneumonic effusion. Mortality, the proportion of patients referred for surgical intervention, and serious adverse events were the outcome measures. Random-effects model was used for generating direct and mixed treatment comparison pooled estimates. Grading of the evidence for key comparisons was carried out. Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals was used to represent the pooled estimates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-six studies were retrieved with the search strategy, of which 16 were included. No significant differences were observed in mortality. Compared to normal saline, significantly less proportion of patients was referred for surgical intervention with streptokinase (0.4, 0.2 to 0.8), urokinase (0.4, 0.2 to 0.8), alteplase (0.3, 0.1 to 0.7), and alteplase + DNase (0.2, 0.1 to 0.7). DNase alone increased the risk of referral to surgical intervention (3.4, 1.5 to 7.6). Only streptokinase was observed with an increased risk of serious adverse events compared to normal saline (2.8, 1.1 to 7.1) and alteplase (6.7, 1.1 to 39.9). Moderate quality of evidence was observed for streptokinase with normal saline for the proportion of patients referred for surgical intervention, while either low or very low quality strength was observed for all other comparisons.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Streptokinase, urokinase, alteplase, and alteplase + DNase were observed in patients referred for surgical interventions when used intrapleural in patients with parapneumonic effusion. Alteplase + DNase is likely to outperform others as it was observed with the least risk of patients referred for surgical interventions. Until additional data emerges that changes the pooled estimates, thrombolytics other than streptokinase are preferred due to the increased risk of serious adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40381689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Information Regarding the Treatment of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.","authors":"Faezeh Kiani, Sara Khademolhosseini, Jasem Mohammadi, Arian Tavasol, Ramtin Hajibeygi, Mobina Fathi, Majid Dousti","doi":"10.2174/2772432818666230120111237","DOIUrl":"10.2174/2772432818666230120111237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infects at least 50% of the world's human population. The current study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of triple versus quadruple therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) consisting of triple and quadruple therapy were identified through electronic and manual searches in the national and international online databases (IsI, Magiran, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus). The random-effects model was applied to pool analysis. Funnel plots and the Egger test were used to examine publication bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After a detailed review of the selected articles, 80 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis; it was based on using triple and quadruple therapy as the first and second-line treatment. The results showed that quadruple therapy in the first-line treatment had a higher eradication rate than triple therapy. Overall, the eradication rate with triple therapy was 74% (95% CI, 71%-77%) for intention-totreat (ITT) analysis and 80% (95% CI, 77%-82%) for per-protocol (PP) analysis. Generally, the eradication rate with quadruple therapy was 82% (95% CI, 78.0%-86.0%) for ITT analysis and 85% (95% CI, 82.0%-89.0%) for PP analysis. The analysis also revealed that quadruple therapy was more effective for 7 or 10 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study results demonstrated that quadruple therapy has better effectiveness than triple therapy as the first-line treatment; however, in the second-line treatment, the effectiveness of quadruple and triple regimens is almost similar. The effectiveness of quadruple therapy in the Asian population was found to be slightly higher than that of triple therapy, while this difference was considerably higher in the European population.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10564406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zebrafish Experimental Animal Models for AD: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Ruksar Sande, Angel Godad, Gaurav Doshi","doi":"10.2174/0127724328279684240104094257","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0127724328279684240104094257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AD disease (AD) is a multifaceted and intricate neurodegenerative disorder characterized by intracellular neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) formation and the excessive production and deposition of Aβ senile plaques. While transgenic AD models have been found instrumental in unravelling AD pathogenesis, they involve cost and time constraints during the preclinical phase. Zebrafish, owing to their simplicity, well-defined behavioural patterns, and relevance to neurodegenerative research, have emerged as a promising complementary model. Zebrafish possess glutaminergic and cholinergic pathways implicated in learning and memory, actively contributing to our understanding of neural transmission processes. This review sheds light on the molecular mechanisms by which various neurotoxic agents, including okadaic acid (OKA), cigarette smoke extract, metals, and transgenic zebrafish models with genetic similarities to AD patients, induce cognitive impairments and neuronal degeneration in mammalian systems. These insights may facilitate the identification of effective neurotoxic agents for replicating AD pathogenesis in the zebrafish brain. In this comprehensive review, the pivotal role of zebrafish models in advancing our comprehension of AD is emphasized. These models hold immense potential for shaping future research directions and clinical interventions, ultimately contributing to the development of novel AD therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Neuroanatomical Basis of the 5-HT Syndrome and Harmalineinduced Tremor.","authors":"Robert Lalonde, Catherine Strazielle","doi":"10.2174/2772432819666230703095203","DOIUrl":"10.2174/2772432819666230703095203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 5-HT syndrome in rats is composed of head weaving, body shaking, forepaw treading, flat body posture, hindlimb abduction, and Straub tail. The importance of the brainstem and spinal cord for the syndrome is underlined by findings of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT)-induced denervation supersensitivity in response to 5-HT-stimulant drugs. For head weaving and Straub tail, supersensitivity occurred when the neurotoxin was injected into the cisterna magna or spinal cord, for forepaw treading in cisterna magna, and for hindlimb abduction in the spinal cord. Although 5,7- DHT-related body shaking increased in the spinal cord, the sign decreased when injected into the striatum, indicating the modulatory influence of the basal ganglia. Further details on body shaking are provided by its reduced response to harmaline after 5-HT depletion caused by intraventricular 5,7-DHT, electrolytic lesions of the medial or dorsal raphe, and lesions of the inferior olive caused by systemic injection of 3-acetylpyridine along with those found in <i>Agtpbp1^pcd</i> or nr cerebellar mouse mutants. Yet the influence of the climbing fiber pathway on other signs of the 5-HT syndrome remains to be determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9752152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}