Environment & Health最新文献

{"title":"Association between Ambient Ultrafine Particles and Neurodevelopmental Delay in Preschoolers in Shanghai, China","authors":"Mengxun Rong,&nbsp;Yang Shen,&nbsp;Yihui Ge,&nbsp;Wenchong Du,&nbsp;Haidong Kan,&nbsp;Jing Cai*,&nbsp;Yan Zhao* and Jing Hua*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0010210.1021/envhealth.4c00102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00102https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00102","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Previous toxicological research has suggested the potential neurotoxicity of ultrafine particulate matter (UFP, particles ≤0.1 μm in diameter). However, evidence from human beings, particularly regarding the neurodevelopmental impacts of UFP, is still limited. We enrolled 11,230 children aged 3–5.5 years from Shanghai, China. Residential UFP exposure was assessed by a land use regression model with a spatial resolution of 50 m. The neurodevelopment of preschoolers was assessed using the Ages &amp; Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine the associations of UFP exposure with risk of suspected neurodevelopmental delay. For our participants, the median of UFP exposure was 24,478 [interquartile range (IQR): 22,773–27,657] number per cubic centimeter. We observed that each IQR increase in UFP was associated with 8% [odds ratio (OR), 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02–1.15] and 12% (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.02–1.22) higher odds of suspected neurodevelopmental delay in gross and fine motor skills, respectively. These associations show a monotonically upward dose–response manner across overall UFP concentrations. Our findings suggest that UFP exposure during early childhood is associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental delay among Chinese preschoolers.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"102–110 102–110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143091732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Constituent-Dependent Translocation Mechanism for PM_2.5 to Travel through the Olfactory Pathway.","authors":"Sheng Wei, Ting Xu, Miao Cao, Huan Wang, Yiqun Song, Daqiang Yin","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00129","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The neurotoxic risk of PM_2.5 is of worldwide concern, but the pathways through which PM_2.5 gets to the central nervous system are still under debate. The olfactory pathway provides a promising shortcut to the brain, which bypasses the blood-brain barrier for PM_2.5. However, direct evidence is lacking, and the translocation mechanism is still unclear. This study used the primary murine olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) as an <i>in vitro</i> model to explore the translocation mechanism of PM_2.5 in the olfactory system. We found that PM_2.5 can be internalized into the OSNs via vesicle transportation. This process responds only to the water-insoluble compositions of PM_2.5 (WIS-PM_2.5) and cannot be affected by the water-soluble compositions of PM_2.5 (WS-PM_2.5). PM_2.5 can further disrupt the integrity of the barrier constituted by the OSNs, and WS-PM_2.5 plays a heightened role in inducing the damages. Our results suggested that both cellular and paracellular pathways are possibly involved in the translocation of PM_2.5 in the olfactory system. More advanced microscopy techniques need to be developed to explore the whole translocation process in the olfactory-brain pathway in both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"2 12","pages":"856-864"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Ambient Ultrafine Particles and Neurodevelopmental Delay in Preschoolers in Shanghai, China.","authors":"Mengxun Rong, Yang Shen, Yihui Ge, Wenchong Du, Haidong Kan, Jing Cai, Yan Zhao, Jing Hua","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00102","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous toxicological research has suggested the potential neurotoxicity of ultrafine particulate matter (UFP, particles ≤0.1 μm in diameter). However, evidence from human beings, particularly regarding the neurodevelopmental impacts of UFP, is still limited. We enrolled 11,230 children aged 3-5.5 years from Shanghai, China. Residential UFP exposure was assessed by a land use regression model with a spatial resolution of 50 m. The neurodevelopment of preschoolers was assessed using the Ages & Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine the associations of UFP exposure with risk of suspected neurodevelopmental delay. For our participants, the median of UFP exposure was 24,478 [interquartile range (IQR): 22,773-27,657] number per cubic centimeter. We observed that each IQR increase in UFP was associated with 8% [odds ratio (OR), 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02-1.15] and 12% (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.02-1.22) higher odds of suspected neurodevelopmental delay in gross and fine motor skills, respectively. These associations show a monotonically upward dose-response manner across overall UFP concentrations. Our findings suggest that UFP exposure during early childhood is associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental delay among Chinese preschoolers.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"102-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Constituent-Dependent Translocation Mechanism for PM2.5 to Travel through the Olfactory Pathway","authors":"Sheng Wei,&nbsp;Ting Xu*,&nbsp;Miao Cao,&nbsp;Huan Wang,&nbsp;Yiqun Song and Daqiang Yin*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0012910.1021/envhealth.4c00129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00129https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00129","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The neurotoxic risk of PM_2.5 is of worldwide concern, but the pathways through which PM_2.5 gets to the central nervous system are still under debate. The olfactory pathway provides a promising shortcut to the brain, which bypasses the blood–brain barrier for PM_2.5. However, direct evidence is lacking, and the translocation mechanism is still unclear. This study used the primary murine olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) as an <i>in vitro</i> model to explore the translocation mechanism of PM_2.5 in the olfactory system. We found that PM_2.5 can be internalized into the OSNs via vesicle transportation. This process responds only to the water-insoluble compositions of PM_2.5 (WIS-PM_2.5) and cannot be affected by the water-soluble compositions of PM_2.5 (WS-PM_2.5). PM_2.5 can further disrupt the integrity of the barrier constituted by the OSNs, and WS-PM_2.5 plays a heightened role in inducing the damages. Our results suggested that both cellular and paracellular pathways are possibly involved in the translocation of PM_2.5 in the olfactory system. More advanced microscopy techniques need to be developed to explore the whole translocation process in the olfactory–brain pathway in both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"2 12","pages":"856–864 856–864"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Ozone Exposure with Serum Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients in Taiyuan, China: The Mediating Role of Metabolites.","authors":"Hong Cheng, Shengchun Wang, Jiyuan Shao, Huiyu Gao, Ying Wang, Furong Deng, Hui Du, Jingyi Liu, Xia Du, Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00122","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abundant epidemiological studies have conclusively demonstrated the effects of short-term ozone (O₃) exposure on the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism of its influence remains unverified. This study aimed to assess the impact of O₃ on metabolomic-based biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Accurate biomarkers for AMI were identified by combining serum biomarkers with metabolomics. A total of 137 volunteers were recruited, including 79 AMI patients and 58 healthy participants, from March to April 2023 in Taiyuan, China. Linear regression models were applied to analyze the associations of serum biomarkers and metabolites with O₃. Mediation analyses were also conducted to assess the impact of metabolites, acting as mediators, on the associations between O₃ and biomarkers. We found that O₃ at lag2 captured the most remarkable effects. Metabolomic analysis revealed a substantial association between O₃ (lag2) and 43 metabolites. Pathway analysis revealed that these metabolites primarily participate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, arginine biosynthesis, and histidine metabolism. These findings suggest that O₃ is an important factor in examining the metabolic mechanisms of cardiovascular disease, highlighting the importance of mitigating O₃ to further protect AMI patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"79-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Ozone Exposure with Serum Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients in Taiyuan, China: The Mediating Role of Metabolites","authors":"Hong Cheng,&nbsp;Shengchun Wang,&nbsp;Jiyuan Shao,&nbsp;Huiyu Gao,&nbsp;Ying Wang,&nbsp;Furong Deng,&nbsp;Hui Du,&nbsp;Jingyi Liu,&nbsp;Xia Du* and Xin Zhang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0012210.1021/envhealth.4c00122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00122https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00122","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Abundant epidemiological studies have conclusively demonstrated the effects of short-term ozone (O₃) exposure on the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism of its influence remains unverified. This study aimed to assess the impact of O₃ on metabolomic-based biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Accurate biomarkers for AMI were identified by combining serum biomarkers with metabolomics. A total of 137 volunteers were recruited, including 79 AMI patients and 58 healthy participants, from March to April 2023 in Taiyuan, China. Linear regression models were applied to analyze the associations of serum biomarkers and metabolites with O₃. Mediation analyses were also conducted to assess the impact of metabolites, acting as mediators, on the associations between O₃ and biomarkers. We found that O₃ at lag2 captured the most remarkable effects. Metabolomic analysis revealed a substantial association between O₃ (lag2) and 43 metabolites. Pathway analysis revealed that these metabolites primarily participate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, arginine biosynthesis, and histidine metabolism. These findings suggest that O₃ is an important factor in examining the metabolic mechanisms of cardiovascular disease, highlighting the importance of mitigating O₃ to further protect AMI patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"79–90 79–90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143091757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Machine Learning Based QSAR Models for the Classification of Lung Surfactant Inhibitors","authors":"James Y. Liu,&nbsp;Joshua Peeples and Christie M. Sayes*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0011810.1021/envhealth.4c00118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00118https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00118","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Inhaled chemicals can cause dysfunction in the lung surfactant, a protein–lipid complex with critical biophysical and biochemical functions. This inhibition has many structure-related and dose-dependent mechanisms, making hazard identification challenging. We developed quantitative structure–activity relationships for predicting lung surfactant inhibition using machine learning. Logistic regression, support vector machines, random forest, gradient-boosted trees, prior-data-fitted networks, and multilayer perceptron were evaluated as methods. Multilayer perceptron had the strongest performance with 96% accuracy and an F1 score of 0.97. Support vector machines and logistic regression also performed well with lower computation costs. This serves as a proof-of-concept for efficient hazard screening in the emerging area of lung surfactant inhibition.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"2 12","pages":"912–917 912–917"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Grazing and Nitrogen Management Impacted Methane Emission Potential and Soil Microbial Community in Grazing Pastures.","authors":"Maura Purcell, Jesse DuPont, Anil Somenahally, Javid F McLawrence, Cara L Case, Prasanna Gowda, Nevada King, Monte Jr Rouquette, Ri-Qing Yu","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00138","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Achieving sustainable development in livestock agriculture by balancing livestock production, reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and effective utilization of nitrogen nutrient has indeed been challenging. This study investigated the long-term effects of continuous cattle grazing, stocking rates, and fertilization regimens on methane (CH₄) emissions, soil microbial communities, and soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in Bermudagrass pastures in East Texas, USA. Pastures were subjected to high or low stocking rates for over 50 years, with further subdivision based on fertilization: nitrogen-based fertilizer application or no fertilizer but with the growth of annual clover. Seasonal soil cores (0-60 cm) were collected, and laboratory microcosm incubation studies revealed unexpectedly high <i>in vitro</i> CH₄ emissions in surface soils, particularly in the top 0-5 cm soil layer, reaching up to 300 nmol of CH₄ mL^-1. Higher CH₄ emissions and methanogen abundance, along with lower SOC stocks, were observed in pastures subjected to high stocking rates compared to those with low stocking rates and in clover pastures compared to those with N-fertilized ryegrass. On the contrary, in low-stocked, N-fertilized annual ryegrass pastures, methanogen abundance was lowest, CH₄ emissions were negligible, and SOC stocks were highest. Furthermore, animal excreta deposition significantly contributed to increased CH₄ emissions. Prokaryotic and potential methanotrophic taxa, as compared to fungi, exhibited greater responsiveness to N-fertilization than to cattle stocking treatments with higher levels of methanotrophs observed in pastures subjected to high stocking rates and clover growth. This study suggests that strategic management practices such as optimal grazing and nitrogen management could effectively mitigate CH₄ emissions in grazing lands.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"68-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Machine Learning Based QSAR Models for the Classification of Lung Surfactant Inhibitors.","authors":"James Y Liu, Joshua Peeples, Christie M Sayes","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00118","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inhaled chemicals can cause dysfunction in the lung surfactant, a protein-lipid complex with critical biophysical and biochemical functions. This inhibition has many structure-related and dose-dependent mechanisms, making hazard identification challenging. We developed quantitative structure-activity relationships for predicting lung surfactant inhibition using machine learning. Logistic regression, support vector machines, random forest, gradient-boosted trees, prior-data-fitted networks, and multilayer perceptron were evaluated as methods. Multilayer perceptron had the strongest performance with 96% accuracy and an F1 score of 0.97. Support vector machines and logistic regression also performed well with lower computation costs. This serves as a proof-of-concept for efficient hazard screening in the emerging area of lung surfactant inhibition.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"2 12","pages":"912-917"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Grazing and Nitrogen Management Impacted Methane Emission Potential and Soil Microbial Community in Grazing Pastures","authors":"Maura Purcell,&nbsp;Jesse DuPont,&nbsp;Anil Somenahally*,&nbsp;Javid F. McLawrence,&nbsp;Cara L. Case,&nbsp;Prasanna Gowda,&nbsp;Nevada King,&nbsp;Monte Jr. Rouquette and Ri-Qing Yu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0013810.1021/envhealth.4c00138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00138https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00138","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Achieving sustainable development in livestock agriculture by balancing livestock production, reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and effective utilization of nitrogen nutrient has indeed been challenging. This study investigated the long-term effects of continuous cattle grazing, stocking rates, and fertilization regimens on methane (CH₄) emissions, soil microbial communities, and soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in Bermudagrass pastures in East Texas, USA. Pastures were subjected to high or low stocking rates for over 50 years, with further subdivision based on fertilization: nitrogen-based fertilizer application or no fertilizer but with the growth of annual clover. Seasonal soil cores (0–60 cm) were collected, and laboratory microcosm incubation studies revealed unexpectedly high <i>in vitro</i> CH₄ emissions in surface soils, particularly in the top 0–5 cm soil layer, reaching up to 300 nmol of CH₄ mL^–1. Higher CH₄ emissions and methanogen abundance, along with lower SOC stocks, were observed in pastures subjected to high stocking rates compared to those with low stocking rates and in clover pastures compared to those with N-fertilized ryegrass. On the contrary, in low-stocked, N-fertilized annual ryegrass pastures, methanogen abundance was lowest, CH₄ emissions were negligible, and SOC stocks were highest. Furthermore, animal excreta deposition significantly contributed to increased CH₄ emissions. Prokaryotic and potential methanotrophic taxa, as compared to fungi, exhibited greater responsiveness to N-fertilization than to cattle stocking treatments with higher levels of methanotrophs observed in pastures subjected to high stocking rates and clover growth. This study suggests that strategic management practices such as optimal grazing and nitrogen management could effectively mitigate CH₄ emissions in grazing lands.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"68–78 68–78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00138","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143091797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}