American Journal of Biological Anthropology最新文献

{"title":"Cercopithecid Monkeys From the Pleistocene Markaytoli Site at Ledi-Geraru, Afar Region, Ethiopia","authors":"Irene E. Smail,&nbsp;Julia L. Arenson,&nbsp;Christopher C. Gilbert,&nbsp;Eric J. Sargis,&nbsp;Amy L. Rector,&nbsp;Kaye E. Reed","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70288","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70288","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cercopithecid monkeys are ubiquitous across much of sub-Saharan Africa today, where they contribute much to the ecological and taxonomic diversity seen in modern African primate communities. Plio-Pleistocene assemblages from eastern Africa also preserve a rich cercopithecid fossil record, albeit one dominated by papionins and by larger-bodied colobine taxa; smaller-bodied colobines and guenons remain relatively rare in this period. Here we report on a fossil monkey assemblage from the Markaytoli collection area within the Ledi-Geraru Research Project permit region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 2012 to 2020, approximately 750 fossil specimens were recovered from the Markaytoli, including nearly 100 assigned to the family Cercopithecidae. These are compared to modern African cercopithecids and to fossil evidence from other Pleistocene sites in eastern Africa, especially the Afar Region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cercopithecid fauna from Markaytoli is dominated by specimens we attribute here to <i>Colobus</i> sp. and <i>Chlorocebus</i> sp., with limited evidence for a large papionin. The <i>Colobus</i> and <i>Chlorocebus</i> material is comparable to that from other Middle Pleistocene sites (e.g., Asbole, Andalee) but shows some potential differences compared with Late Pleistocene samples (e.g., Halibee) and modern representatives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These fossils add to a growing record of fossil colobines and guenons from the Pleistocene of the Afar Region. Similarities with other Middle Pleistocene monkey samples support initial biochronological analyses from non-primate taxa for the site. More work is needed to clarify the meaning of potential morphological differences between a growing ~Middle Pleistocene sample and Late Pleistocene or modern <i>Chlorocebus</i> and <i>Colobus</i> in the Awash Valley Region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"190 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Insights Into Cranial Base Ontogeny in Modern Humans Through Morphometric Analysis","authors":"Amaëlle Sourbé,&nbsp;Mathilde Savignat,&nbsp;Frédéric Santos,&nbsp;Thomas Colard","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70286","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70286","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cranial base is located at the interface between the face, the brain, and the vertebral column. Understanding its growth is essential for elucidating key aspects of craniofacial development, neurodevelopment, and locomotor function. This study aims to examine the developmental trajectories of the three cranial fossae, anterior, middle, and posterior, in terms of both size and shape.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>203 CT scans of individuals aged from birth to 15 years were segmented and analyzed. Traditional morphometric analyses based on linear measurements were first conducted to assess changes in length and width during growth. Geometric morphometric methods were applied to investigate shape variation, using a template of 32 anatomical landmarks and two curves of semi-landmarks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Growth of the cranial base followed a rapid phase from 0 to 2 years and a slower growth until adolescence. Transverse dimensions generally reach adult proportions earlier than anteroposterior lengths. The posterior fossae exhibit pronounced anteroposterior and transverse expansion. Shape analyses reveal coordinated changes of fossae boundaries, including reorientation of the petrous temporal bones and increased curvature of the sphenoid wings. Strong allometric relationships and morphological integration are observed during the initial rapid growth phase. Sexual dimorphism has a statistically significant but moderate effect on cranial base fossae shape during ontogeny.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cranial base exhibits biphasic growth, early-integrated shape changes, and later modularization, reflecting coordinated cranial and brain development. These patterns provide a reference for comparative studies in primates and highlight the importance of cranial base development for neurocranial and facial morphogenesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"190 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajpa.70286","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148228477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proceedings of the 95th Business Meeting of the American Association of Biological Anthropologists","authors":"Kristi L. Lewton","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70290","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70290","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"190 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All About That Base: Dietary Plasticity, Basicranial Flexion and Sphenoid Form","authors":"Elizabeth Jewlal,&nbsp;Susan E. Lad,&nbsp;Matthew J. Ravosa","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70282","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70282","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mammalian sphenoid is a morphologically and embryologically complex bone bridging the cranial vault and face. Sphenoid phenotypic diversity has been attributed to the coaction of natural selection and developmental variation in adjacent cranial organs and bones. These associations underscore enduring interest in the evolutionary, ontogenetic, and clinical importance of the sphenoid. We address key gaps regarding several structural and adaptive factors that differentially characterize postnatal ontogeny when brain growth is negligible and has a correspondingly diminished impact.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We employ microCT data from a well-known rabbit model of long-term dietary plasticity to address variation in two putative influences on the sphenoid: face length on basicranial flexion and osteogenesis in the pterygoid plates and sphenoid joints. Examining the roles of cyclical loading and feeding modality on basicranial flexion and sphenoid robusticity contributes uniquely to understanding the multifactorial nature of skull growth and form in mammals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Postnatal increases in facial length do not drive corresponding decreases in basicranial flexion, suggesting that flexion is primarily established during prenatal development due to changes in encephalization. Sphenoid joints and pterygoid plates exhibit diet-related plasticity, highlighting adaptive changes due to elevated cyclical loading and feeding modality that vary depending on the bony site as well as the hierarchical level of a given region of interest.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings highlight the importance of cyclical loading and feeding modality in shaping postnatal craniofacial development, necessitating the consideration of these factors in studies of structure and function across extant and extinct mammalian taxa.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"190 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148206449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-Epiphysis Trabecular Bone in Tamarin Limbs Suggests Effects of Leaping Distance Alongside Non-Biomechanical Factors","authors":"Uyen Nguyen,&nbsp;Fabio Alfieri,&nbsp;Alessio Veneziano,&nbsp;Annika Licht,&nbsp;John A. Nyakatura","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70293","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70293","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Beyond non-biomechanical factors, the trabecular architecture of long bone epiphyses variably underlies functional adaptations to locomotor behavior. A recent study, characterizing tamarin trabecular bone using traditional metrics derived from Volumes of Interest (VOIs), identified a preliminary relationship with leaping distance. We hypothesized that quantifying trabecular topological indices from whole epiphyses in the same system would enhance detection of locomotor signals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed μCT scans of humeral and tibial whole-epiphyseal trabecular bone in four tamarin species representing short- and long-distance leapers. We quantified topological indices—node density (NodDen), trabecular tortuosity (TrabTort), trabecular length (TrabLen), and fractal dimension (FD)—alongside traditional metrics—degree of anisotropy (DA) and bone volume fraction (BV/TV). We tested relationships between trabecular traits and leaping distance and assessed the effects of non-functional factors (sex and captivity).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Long-distance leapers exhibited significantly higher NodDen in humeral and tibial epiphyses and increased distal humeral TrabTort. Regions of elevated NodDen were concentrated beneath the humeroscapular joint (proximal humerus) and occurred variably across other epiphyses. In contrast, DA, BV/TV, TrabLen, and FD were more strongly associated with sex and captivity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher loading magnitudes associated with longer leaps may increase NodDen and, more tentatively, TrabTort in tamarin limb epiphyses. However, locomotion-related signals were weaker than those linked to sex and captivity, suggesting that leaping distance affects specific trabecular traits, whereas the overall trabecular organization is driven by non-functional factors. Whole-epiphysis analyses and topological indices provide a valuable complement to traditional VOI-based approaches and metrics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"190 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajpa.70293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148206367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Fully Bayesian Approach to Adult Skeletal Age Estimation: Multivariate Latent Trait Modeling With Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling","authors":"Nils Müller-Scheeßel,&nbsp;Katharina Fuchs,&nbsp;Christoph Rinne","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70289","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70289","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper investigates the potential of Bayesian transition analysis for improving age-at-death estimation in osteological datasets, utilizing the software NIMBLE and JAGS (Just Another Gibbs Sampler). We aim to explore the applicability of this method to different skeletal datasets including different age markers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transition analysis models estimations of skeletal age markers based on age-at-transition and population priors. This study extends the methodology by integrating multiple latent traits into a Bayesian framework. Our probit regression model estimates age-at-death and Gompertz distribution parameters directly and without relying on predefined reference populations for age-at-transition or population priors. The analysis includes data from three distinct sources, which contain diverse sets of age markers with known age-at-death.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The model demonstrates good performance across the datasets and successfully estimates mortality patterns. Sample size does matter, but even smaller samples can still yield useful results. The same is true for the number of traits. A simple multiple-probit regression will underestimate age ranges, but calibration improves upon this. Even with missing data, our model produces robust estimates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results highlight the model's effectiveness in improving age-at-death estimations and mortality patterns across diverse populations. This Bayesian transition analysis offers a reliable and flexible method for age estimation in bioarchaeological applications on datasets with varying qualities of morphological age indicators. Even compatibility between populations is not mandatory. It is only necessary that there be an observer-consistent age marker evaluation per skeletal assemblage and that the trait(s) in question change monotonically with biological age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"190 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajpa.70289","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecology of Malaria Mortality: A Spatiotemporal Mapping Approach","authors":"Amanda Cooke,&nbsp;Megan B. Brickley","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70272","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70272","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines the spatiotemporal ecology of probable malaria mortality in 19th-century southern Ontario to evaluate how settlement expansion, landscape transformation, and infrastructure development structured transmission risk in a temperate, settler-colonial context.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Probable malaria-attributed deaths recorded in Ontario death certificates (1869–1900; <i>n</i> = 2683) were geocoded and analyzed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Mortality locations were examined in relation to historical settlements, railways, and wetlands derived from 19th-century spatial datasets. Spatial clustering was assessed using Average Nearest Neighbor analysis and kernel density estimation. Temporal changes in proximity to landscape features were tested using nonparametric statistics, while malaria mortality density was modeled using negative binomial regression and generalized additive models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Malaria mortality was significantly clustered across all decades but became progressively less spatially concentrated through time. Mortality locations shifted farther from mapped wetlands as drainage intensified, while proximity to settlements consistently decreased. Regression models identified settlement proximity as the strongest and only significant predictor of malaria mortality density, whereas distances to wetlands were not independently associated once settlement effects were accounted for.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results indicate a reorganization of malaria risk from environmentally constrained ecologies toward anthropogenic landscapes shaped by settlement, agriculture, and infrastructure. Malaria transmission in southern Ontario was embedded within everyday settlement practices rather than static environmental features, demonstrating how colonial landscape transformation structured disease risk in a temperate region. This study highlights the value of spatiotemporal GIS approaches for interpreting past disease ecologies within biological anthropology and paleopathology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"190 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajpa.70272","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural Evidence for Early Childhood Stress in a Community in Transition at Hisban, Jordan","authors":"Kristina Cockerille,&nbsp;Akacia Propst,&nbsp;Bonnie Kahlon,&nbsp;Daniel Temple,&nbsp;Megan Perry","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70292","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70292","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identification of stress across infancy and childhood can reflect maternal and environmental influences on early life health. In the 19th century community of Hisban, many infants died before 2 years of age with evidence of metabolic disease, including rickets, that likely ties with maternal health. Here the patterns and timing of accentuated lines (AL) in enamel and interglobular dentin (IGD) in dentin in older children, adolescents, and adults from this community are assessed within the mother-infant nexus framework to highlight factors contributing to surviving past infancy. We likewise critically examine IGD as a reflection of early life stress, including nutritional or non-nutritional rickets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Histological analysis of 29 first and second permanent molars representing 23 non-infant individuals identified the presence and age of IGD formation. Extreme care was taken to identify developmental IGD and remove these observations from analysis. A subsample of six teeth was also observed for AL formation. Ages of IGD and AL formation followed established methods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most non-adults (65.2%) had at least one episode of IGD formation, and while all six individuals analyzed for AS and IGD had AL, only one had no evidence of IGD. AL developed at ages much earlier than IGD, although both indicate that the individuals who survived infancy also faced multiple stressors during early life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ages of IGD and AL development would indicate that these individuals grappled with multiple causes of physiological stress, but not concurrently. Many biocultural factors could have caused these stressors, primarily mother-infant interactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"190 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajpa.70292","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148158460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monkey to Man: The Evolution of the March of Progress Image. By Gowan Dawson, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2024. 392 pp. $40 (cloth). ISBN: 978-0-30-027062-4","authors":"Jonathan Marks","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70284","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"190 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148174030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Invisible Archaeology of the Botanic Age: Review of The Botanic Age. By Dean Falk, Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press, 2025. 251 pp. $29.99 (hardback and ebook). ISBN: 978-1-48-754664-9","authors":"Sarah A. Lacy","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70285","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"190 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148173726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}