AME Case Reports最新文献

{"title":"Isolated gastric metastasis of endometrioid carcinoma: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Wuming Zhu, Luanbiao Sun, Xinyuan Song, Ruizhi Hou, Shuohui Gao","doi":"10.21037/acr-24-217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/acr-24-217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Isolated parenchymal gastric metastasis of endometrial cancer without other recurrence sites is extremely rare. This report presents a case of isolated gastric metastasis from endometrioid carcinoma characterized by a giant ulcer, which was managed with radical resection. Additionally, we review the recently published literature regarding isolated gastric metastases originating from ovarian and endometrial cancers.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 60-year-old female was admitted with discomfort in the upper abdomen accompanied by melena and a 6-year history of ovarian and endometrial cancer. Gastroscopy revealed a giant ulcer located in the gastric body, and biopsy pathology indicated a reproductive system origin. Subsequent ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) revealed a hypermetabolic lesion within the gastric wall on the lesser curvature [standardized uptake value (SUV): 23.23]. Final pathology following total gastrectomy confirmed the presence of an isolated gastric metastasis tumor originating from primary endometrial endometrioid carcinoma. The patient was discharged 11 days postsurgery and exhibited no signs of recurrence or metastasis during a 3-month postoperative follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early diagnosis and treatment are paramount for identifying metastatic gastric lesions. If surgery is feasible and safe, cytoreductive surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy represents an effective and widely endorsed treatment approach, significantly improving patient prognosis and enhancing long-term survival rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":29752,"journal":{"name":"AME Case Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrograde growing intravenous leiomyomatosis-a case report.","authors":"Jinrong Xiong, Shan Zhang, Wanying Wu, Peng Zhou, Xiaoyu Qi, Gezheng Chen, Fei Cai, Binbin Long, Qin Li, Chao Yang","doi":"10.21037/acr-24-196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/acr-24-196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leiomyomatosis is a benign tumor that usually originates from smooth muscle cells and can appear at any location. Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) usually grows along blood vessels and extends toward the iliac vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC). It extends toward the right heart cavity and the main pulmonary artery in extreme cases. IVL is a rare smooth muscle tumor that is histologically benign but clinically aggressive. It is not typical for IVL to develop metastases, but rather to grow progressively and cause mechanical compression in surrounding.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We report a case of retrogradely growing IVL, originating in the uterus and extending along the venous system to the right heart. At the same time, this leiomyomatosis retrogrades into the right external iliac vein. A 48-year-old woman with a mass in the IVC was admitted to Wuhan Union Hospital. She had undergone a hysterectomy for fibroids 2 years previously. Computed tomography venography and three-dimensional reconstruction revealed filling defects in the IVC, right internal and external iliac veins, right common iliac vein, right renal vein, and right atrium. After a multidisciplinary consultation, IVC leiomyomatosis was considered, and surgical treatment was performed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We report a case of retrogradely growing IVL. It originates in the uterus, extends along the venous system to the right internal iliac vein, and grows retrogradely into the external iliac vein. This is a new growth path that has rarely been mentioned.</p>","PeriodicalId":29752,"journal":{"name":"AME Case Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional interdependence between senile kyphosis and cervical postural syndrome: a case report.","authors":"Eric Chun-Pu Chu","doi":"10.21037/acr-24-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/acr-24-41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although senile kyphosis may not be the primary reason older people seek medical attention, it can cause functional difficulties and associated health risks. Kyphotic curvature can be alleviated through conservative measures, which are also a viable option to relieve the discomfort caused by the abnormalities. This case study describes successful multimodal chiropractic treatment for senile kyphosis and cervical postural syndrome. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide evidence for the concept of regional interdependence between senile kyphosis and cervical postural syndrome. This is achieved by demonstrating the positive outcome of a multimodal chiropractic intervention performed over 24 months.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>This case study involves a 60-year-old female office manager who had been suffering from neck and right shoulder pain for five years. Her family doctor diagnosed her with cervical spondylosis with cervical syndrome based on radiographic findings. She took pain medication for a year, underwent ten physiotherapy sessions and monthly massage therapy. This did not alleviate her problems, but caused her head slowly droop forward. EOS^® radiography at the first chiropractic consultation showed reverse lordosis of the cervical spine, degeneration of the C4/5, C5/6, L3/4, L4/5, and L5/S1 intervertebral discs, and marginal osteophytes. A working diagnosis of age-related hyperkyphosis and cervical postural syndrome was made based on the main symptoms and clinical findings. After a 24-month multimodal chiropractic treatment program, the corrected thoracic curvature resulted in the simultaneous remission of cervical symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the high prevalence of age-related kyphosis among non-care seeking individuals and its rehabilitation potential, early intervention in senile kyphosis may help reduce the functional burdens and associated health problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":29752,"journal":{"name":"AME Case Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of acute hepatic and renal failure associated with savolitinib treatment in advanced lung adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Yongkang Huang, Yajuan Qian, Ziyan Du, Yong Yu","doi":"10.21037/acr-24-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/acr-24-156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Savolitinib, a novel inhibitor of mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET), has demonstrated significant efficacy and an acceptable safety profile, leading to its approval in China for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with MET exon 14 skipping alterations. Despite its therapeutic benefits, reports of severe adverse effects, including acute hepatic failure and renal failure, remain scarce. This report presents a rare case of a lung adenocarcinoma patient who developed acute hepatic and renal failure following treatment with savolitinib.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>The patient was a 62-year-old woman diagnosed with advanced lung adenocarcinoma (T4N1M1a, IVa stage) with confirmed MET exon 14 skipping alterations. She initiated oral savolitinib at a dosage of 600 mg per day after diagnosis, when initial blood tests indicated normal liver and renal function. However, within a month, she began experiencing symptoms of vomiting, decreased appetite, irritability, and restlessness. These symptoms progressed, leading to her hospital admission, where acute hepatic and renal failure were diagnosed. Tests for antibodies associated with autoimmune hepatitis and viral hepatitis were negative, and liver ultrasound revealed a normal-sized liver without gallbladder or pigmented bile duct stones. Renal ultrasound showed enhanced echogenicity in the renal cortex. Unfortunately, the patient succumbed to her illness two days after admission, despite supportive measures including continuous renal replacement therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case underscores the importance of monitoring liver and kidney function in patients receiving savolitinib to facilitate the early detection and management of potentially fatal adverse reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":29752,"journal":{"name":"AME Case Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma-induced recurrent of scalp dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: a case report with a 6-year follow-up and literature review.","authors":"Qian Ouyang, Yuxiang Zhou, Yongkai Huang","doi":"10.21037/acr-24-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/acr-24-187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare mesenchymal cell-derived soft tissue tumor, especially on the scalp. As a result, there is a lack of insight into the etiology of its occurrence and the triggers of its recurrence, which makes diagnosis difficult. This paper reports a case with a long follow-up period in an attempt to provide some valuable evidence-based medicine to assist in the clinical work-up of diagnostic.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We selected a young male who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital in 2013, and his pathological result at that time was \"suspected dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans\". At the same time, we followed the patient for 6 years and performed a literature review on the current management of DFSP. Six years later, the patient's scalp mass recurred after a head trauma. Based on the patient's medical history and pathogenesis of the disease, we believe that the patient's disease may be related to trauma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DFSP is rare in clinic, and it is easy to be misdiagnosed because of its atypical clinical symptoms and long diagnosis time. This article analyzed the case which has a long-time follow-up and reviewed the literature on DFSP. Therefore, this paper finds that trauma may be a causative factor in the development and recurrence, and provides a basis for evidence-based medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":29752,"journal":{"name":"AME Case Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended sperm search and microfreeze for fertility preservation after long-term hormone therapy in transgender women: a report of three cases.","authors":"Nathalie Eid, Aderonke Badewa, Tristan Charran, Chaya Rothschild, Michael Werner, Bobby Najari","doi":"10.21037/acr-24-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/acr-24-139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many barriers prevent transgender women (TW) from fertility preservation (FP) prior to initiating gender-affirming hormones. The decision to move forward with gender affirming bottom surgery presents the last opportunity for these patients to preserve their ability to have genetically related children. However, oftentimes these patients will have azoospermia even after stopping their hormone therapy for an extended period due to the negative effects of these hormones on fertility. The objective of this case report is to investigate a novel method of FP in TW on longstanding gender-affirming hormone therapy who present with azoospermia on conventional semen analysis.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>Three TW on gender-affirming hormone therapy for between 6-21 years presented for FP prior to gender affirming vaginoplasty with simultaneous orchiectomy. All three patients had azoospermia on conventional semen analysis. Extended sperm search and microfreeze (ESSM) was conducted on semen samples. Results, including sperm count, number of vitrified sperm, and number of SpermVDs, were obtained. Conventional testicular sperm extraction (TESE) was also performed on two of the patients. Two out of three patients successfully retrieved and cryopreserved sperm after ESSM procedure. One patient had a successful ESSM despite not having any sperm on testicular tissue analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings from this case study underscore the potential use for ESSM as a tool for FP in TW who have undergone multiple years of hormonal therapy and have unsuccessful semen analyses and testicular extractions. Future studies with larger cohorts are necessary to validate the efficacy of ESSM and explore its potential application as a standard practice in transgender healthcare, particularly for those who cannot completely cease hormone therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":29752,"journal":{"name":"AME Case Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type 1 laryngeal cleft management: a pediatric tertiary care center case series.","authors":"Baraa Ibrahim Awad, Bassam AlRajhi, Abdullah Alkhaldi, Fahad Alsaab","doi":"10.21037/acr-24-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/acr-24-149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 1 laryngeal cleft (LC) is a congenital condition that can present with coughing, choking, and aspiration. There are several management options, including laryngoplasty injections and endoscopic laser surgery. We aimed to review the clinical presentations, investigations, comorbidities, management options, recurrence, and outcomes of patients with type 1 LC in our pediatric tertiary center.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>Six patients with LC type 1 were included in this case series. Their mean age was 22.5 months [standard deviation (SD): 17.1]. All patients were male, except for one. The mean weight was 12.2 kg (SD: 5.3). The mean height was 84.2 cm (SD: 23.9). All patients experienced cough and choking with feeding. Of the six patients, five had no airway symptoms and one had a stridor. In our tertiary care hospital, we initially managed patients with type 1 LC with hyaluronic acid injections for a few months, depending on the severity of the condition, followed by follow-up of the patient. If coughing and/or choking reoccur or persists, surgical repair is the next management option. Although conservative therapy has been useful for 36% of patients with type 1 LC, endoscopic surgical repair remains the optimal management choice. We advocate for injection laryngoplasty as a trial to confirm the diagnosis and anticipated benefit from endoscopic surgical repairs as it offers less invasive management option and decreases the risk of developing potentially life-threatening complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Type 1 LC is a rare congenital condition that can be managed using injections. However, endoscopic laser repair remains the gold standard treatment for type 1 LC. The risk of recurrence after initial hyaluronic acid administration is high; however, recurrent symptoms can be treated with endoscopic laser repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":29752,"journal":{"name":"AME Case Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracheal carina reconstruction, fistula repair and esophageal reconstruction assisted by extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation for complex huge tracheoesophageal fistula: a case report.","authors":"Jie Tang, Mengtian Wang, Qinghua Zhou, Xiaofei Li, Xinghe Tong, Yu Fang, Juan Hu, Wen Yu, Yunping Zhao, Xiaobo Chen","doi":"10.21037/acr-24-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/acr-24-14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tracheoesophageal fistula is a pathological communication between the trachea and the adjacent esophagus due to various factors. It is a complicated disease in thoracic surgery, which can seriously affect patients' quality of life and even lead to death. The effect of traditional medical or surgical treatment is not satisfactory, so it is necessary to find a suitable surgical method to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A case of benign complex tracheoesophageal fistula is reported. The patient had a history of malignant tumor, which recurred after surgical and medical antitumor therapy. Then esophageal stenosis was caused by radiation esophagitis, and tracheoesophageal fistula was caused after implantation of esophageal stents. After long-term medical and surgical treatments, the patient's condition was still out of well control, complicated with multiple complications, and the quality of life was poor. We completed esophageal stent removal, tracheoesophageal fistula repairing by \"double-flaps of esophagus\" method, tracheal carina reconstruction, partial esophageal resection, and gastro-esophageal replacement operations in concurrent assisted by extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Good therapeutic effect was obtained after the surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The \"double-flaps of esophagus\" method assisted by ECMO can be used as an effective surgical treatment for patients with complex tracheoesophageal fistula, and can significantly improve the prognosis of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":29752,"journal":{"name":"AME Case Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO₂ laser frenuloplasty for cryotherapy-induced frenulum perforation: a case report.","authors":"Giuseppe Lodi, Fabrizio Rocco Mancuso, Tiziano Zingoni, Irene Fusco, Giovanni Cannarozzo, Mario Sannino","doi":"10.21037/acr-24-165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/acr-24-165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The penile frenulum is a sensitive tissue fold connecting the glans to the penile shaft, preventing excessive foreskin retraction during an erection. Susceptible to injuries from trauma or medical treatments, effective repair is crucial for restoring functionality and alleviating discomfort. Traditional frenulum repair typically involves scalpel surgery, but CO₂ laser frenuloplasty has emerged as an innovative alternative, offering enhanced precision and faster recovery. This study examines a case of frenulum perforation post-cryotherapy for condylomas, highlighting the use of CO₂ laser frenuloplasty and its outcomes.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 25-year-old male experienced a frenulum perforation after aggressive cryotherapy for recurrent genital condylomas. This damage required effective treatment to restore functionality and relieve discomfort. The patient underwent CO₂ laser frenuloplasty, known for its precision in delicate tissues. The procedure, conducted in a single session with the laser set to 0.3-1 W and 10 Hz, involved local anesthesia with 0.5 mL of lidocaine. An incision in the median frenulum was made, dividing it into two parts, followed by vaporization of the proximal and distal ends using the laser. This minimized thermal damage and intraoperative bleeding, promoting quicker healing. Post-procedure, the patient exhibited localized inflammation and mild swelling but no significant bleeding. A topical healing gel with cicatrizing agents and topical antibiotics was prescribed. At the 1-month follow-up, the patient reported significant symptom improvement. Photographs showed well-healed tissue with minimal scarring, and the patient experienced no significant pain or functional limitations. The topical gel positively contributed to the healing process, preventing infection and supporting tissue regeneration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CO₂ laser frenuloplasty offers several advantages over traditional scalpel surgery, including enhanced accuracy, reduced tissue trauma, minimal bleeding, and faster recovery. The laser's ability to coagulate blood vessels ensures a clearer surgical field and better hemostasis, while its sterilizing effect reduces post-operative infection risk. This case demonstrates the effectiveness of CO₂ laser frenuloplasty in treating frenulum damage, resulting in successful healing with minimal complications. Further studies with larger cohorts are recommended to confirm these findings and refine treatment protocols, highlighting the importance of precise surgical techniques and targeted post-operative care.</p>","PeriodicalId":29752,"journal":{"name":"AME Case Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe hyponatremia due to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole: a case report.","authors":"Mansour Ibrahim Alrasheed, Reem Khalid Almanea, Bashayr Mohammed Hijaz, Muhammad Riazuddin","doi":"10.21037/acr-24-175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/acr-24-175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyponatremia, a prevalent electrolyte imbalance with varying degrees of severity, can lead to mild to severe complications. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and spironolactone are two frequently administered medications; regrettably, most healthcare professionals are not aware that these medications might cause hyponatremia. Concurrently, the two drugs have a high chance of medication interactions that raise the risk of hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and death overall. TMP-SMX is implicated in causing hyponatremia through diverse mechanisms, such as inhibiting the renal tubular epithelial enzyme carbonic anhydrase. Structurally akin to the potassium-sparing diuretic amiloride, TMP-SMX is linked to hyperkalemia and hyponatremia by obstructing epithelial sodium channels in the distal nephron. Moreover, TMP-SMX may enhance antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release, exacerbating the imbalance.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>This is a case of a 76-year-old man with a medical history including hypertension, type II diabetes, coronary artery disease, and dyslipidemia. This case highlights an elderly patient treated with TMP-SMX for a soft tissue wound infection, which resulted in severe hyponatremia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Timely identification and careful monitoring of TMP-SMX-induced hyponatremia enabled the correction of sodium levels without severe complications. Thus, this report underscores the importance of vigilant monitoring and prompt identification of hyponatremia in patients undergoing TMP-SMX treatment. Further research is warranted due to limited data on the precise mechanisms of TMP-SMX-induced hyponatremia.</p>","PeriodicalId":29752,"journal":{"name":"AME Case Reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}