Modern Concepts in Material Science最新文献

{"title":"Hot Deformation of Quench Hardened Titanium Alloys As A Modern Production Method of High Strength Structural Parts?","authors":"M. Motyka","doi":"10.33552/MCMS.2019.01.000518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/MCMS.2019.01.000518","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":297187,"journal":{"name":"Modern Concepts in Material Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131257816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Simple Equation Results in Decades of Technical Fun","authors":"Ronald A Lasky","doi":"10.33552/mcms.2019.01.000517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/mcms.2019.01.000517","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":297187,"journal":{"name":"Modern Concepts in Material Science","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125951682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Thin-Film Technology Help to Realize the Einstein Gravity Quantum Computer?","authors":"N. Schwarzer","doi":"10.33552/mcms.2019.01.000516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/mcms.2019.01.000516","url":null,"abstract":"In [34] we gave a time dependent (oscillating) solution, which represented a metric satisfying the Einstein-Field-Equations [36,37] for the case of an arbitrary 2-EQ-bit (EQ=Einstein Quantum) processor. Here we intend to investigate these solutions with respect to possible extensions regarding more bits plus timidly start to explore the question of storage and machine design in connection with the quantum property named spin.","PeriodicalId":297187,"journal":{"name":"Modern Concepts in Material Science","volume":"237 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121182580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using AMRO Quantum Oscillations to Probe the Fermi Surface of Quasi-2d Layered Organic Conductors in Low Temperatures and High Magnetic Fields","authors":"K. Storr","doi":"10.33552/MCMS.2019.01.000515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/MCMS.2019.01.000515","url":null,"abstract":"Organic materials are generally synthesized as single crystals with alternating organic-inorganic layers. This induces a reduced dimensionality, leading to a Quasi-two-dimensional (Q2D) salt, having higher conductivity along the crystal plane. This accounts for the ratio of the inter-plane to in-plane resistance reaching upward to an order of a thousand. The electrical anisotropy is seen at Room Temperature and with temperature change and in the presence of a magnetic field which shows up in magnetoresistance (MR), the sample’s resistance response to a magnetic field. By orienting the sample with respect to the magnetic field, we can study the electrical anisotropy evidenced by quantum oscillations in the resistance in the form of Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) and angular-dependent magnetoresistance oscillations (AMRO). The differences between the two are: SdH measurements display oscillations at fixed temperature and angle as the magnetic field is swept; whereas, AMRO is observed at fixed temperature and magnetic field as the orientation of the sample (angle) is changed. The AMRO angular changes are two types: polar (θ) and azimuthal (φ). The polar angle θ is defined as the angle between the magnetic field and the normal to the two-dimensional organic cation layer, while the azimuthal angle φ is the direction of the magnetic field’s rotation relative to the a-b plane. With SdH oscillatory data, we can extract meaningful information such as the: effective mass, Dingle temperature, frequency of the electron orbits and FS areas. AMRO data analysis leads to direct probing of the FS surface where we can quantify the Fermi wave vector (kf) and map the shape and warping (if present) of the FS and compare it with predictions from band structure calculations. Of note is the magnetic analog of SdH which is de Haas-van Alphen oscillations which shows up as oscillations in the magnetization. The treatment of these oscillations uses LifshitzKosevich Theory [2,3], which when applied to SdH oscillations is extremely effective. In this paper, we will discuss AMRO oscillations and the formalism of their analysis by measuring the interlayer magnetoresistance in a tilted magnetic field at fixed temperatures. We will provide an example of past data for clarity of our discussion [1].","PeriodicalId":297187,"journal":{"name":"Modern Concepts in Material Science","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122851471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical Study of The Alloying Elements on the Properties of Tib2 Ceramic Reinforced Fe Matrix Composite","authors":"Yefei Li, X. Bai, Honggang Liu, Xiaojing Zhang, Qinkun Liu, Changmeng Zhou","doi":"10.33552/mcms.2019.01.000514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/mcms.2019.01.000514","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, ceramic particles reinforced iron matrix composites (CPRIMCs) are regarded as the main achievements in wear resistant materials area [1-3]. Among many iron matrix composites, TiB2 ceramic reinforced Fe matrix composite (TiB2/ Fe) behaves large elastic modulus, high mechanical strength, and advanced hardness and wear resistance [4,5]. Additionally, the high electrical conductivity of TiB2 ceramic [6] enables machining of TiB2/Fe composite easily using electrical discharge machining. Agarwal and Dahotre [7] discussed the reinforcing mechanism of TiB2/Fe composite, the epitaxial growth of iron on TiB2 particles is revealed, and the orientation relationship was found as TiB2 (0001)/Fe (111). However, much less information is available for the effects of alloying elements on the properties of TiB2/Fe interface.","PeriodicalId":297187,"journal":{"name":"Modern Concepts in Material Science","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121463480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Clay Supported Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles as a Potential Coagulant for Ammonia Reduction from Industrial Wastewater Effluents","authors":"Wighens I. Ngoie","doi":"10.33552/mcms.2019.01.000512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/mcms.2019.01.000512","url":null,"abstract":"Water pollution is one of the largest environment problems in several countries. It mainly arises from wastewater released from household, industrial and agricultural processes. These effluents typically contain high concentrations of organic and inorganic chemicals such as hydrocarbon solvents, heavy metals, pesticides, dyes and so on. The toxicity, persistency and concentration of the contaminants result in serious environmental, public health and economic impacts [5]. Consequently, treatment of wastewater effluents before release into the environment is required. There are several wastewater treatment techniques including physical, chemical or biological processes i.e. coagulation, flocculation, adsorption, reverse osmosis, activated sludge and so on, which are used to remove pollutants from wastewater influents. Nevertheless, these conventional techniques have shown limitations, for the removal of ammonia. Use of activated clay, is one of the most promising techniques because the natural clay is of low-cost, is easy to obtain, and has good effectiveness and ability of degrading contaminants due to its adsorptive properties enhanced by sulphuric acid, which will supply charges to break the stability of ammonia in water by attracting them at the coagulant surface, then the activated clay will secondly be supported by zero valent iron nanoparticles in a homogenous mixture to increase the surface area on which the adsorption of pollutants will effectively take place [6,7,8]. Ion exchange and reverse osmosis have failed to destroy efficiently nitrate species and regenerate secondary brine wastes; electro-catalytic process necessitates higher potential to reduce nitrate into nitrogen. Basically, according to samples that were collected from several Wastewater plants in Cape Town, for instance, here below is the concentration trend of ammonia from the current WWTPs (red) comparatively to the standards (blue) (Figure 1). *Corresponding author: Wighens I Ngoie, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biocatalysis & Technical Biology Research Group, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville Campus, South Africa. Received Date: November 09, 2018 Published Date: June 10, 2019 ISSN: 2692-5397 DOI: 10.33552/MCMS.2020.01.000512","PeriodicalId":297187,"journal":{"name":"Modern Concepts in Material Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128809646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano Carbon as the Anode of Li Ions Batteries","authors":"Xiaofeng Fan","doi":"10.33552/MCMS.2019.01.000513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/MCMS.2019.01.000513","url":null,"abstract":"Among the different kinds of electrochemical energy storage systems, lithium ions batteries (LIBs) have been one of the most promising. In LIBs, the charge/discharge is based on the mechanism of rocking chair in which Li ions shift back and forth easily between cathode and anode by crossing the electrolyte with a porous polymer separator. The cathodes are usually made with Li transition metal oxide, such as LiCoO2 and LiMn2O4 on Al foil. The electrolyte is composed by the organic liquids, such as PC, EC and DEC, with Li salts, such as LiPF6 and LiBF4. The anode can be Li metal on Cu foil with high theoretical capacity of 3860 mA h/g. However, the formation of Li dendrite on the Li metal surface results in the serious safety issues and cycle stability. The use of carbonaceous materials (introduced by Sony Corporation, 1991) in anode promotes obviously the solution of safety issues and results in the broad use of LIBs in modern life, especially in portable electronic devices, such as laptops, mobile phones, cardiac pacemakers, and so on [1].","PeriodicalId":297187,"journal":{"name":"Modern Concepts in Material Science","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116679375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Hydrazone-Based Switches","authors":"Xinyan Su, Huiyun Chen, Qinqin Ma","doi":"10.33552/MCMS.2019.01.000509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/MCMS.2019.01.000509","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular switches that can undergo reversible switching between two or more different states in response to chemical, electrochemical or photochemical stimuli, have attracted much attention in recent decades due to their promising applications in chemical sensing, photocontrollable biological process and molecular machines [1,2]. Most prevalent switches, including interlocked molecules, azobenzene, spiropyrans, diarylethenes and fulgides, have been widely investigated and employed for the construction of stimuli responsive systems and materials [2-4].","PeriodicalId":297187,"journal":{"name":"Modern Concepts in Material Science","volume":"462 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116558227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview on FRB Pre-Stressed Tendons and its Fatigue Behavior","authors":"A. Hassanin","doi":"10.33552/MCMS.2019.01.000510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/MCMS.2019.01.000510","url":null,"abstract":"Although a variety of techniques can be used to manufacture FRP shapes, a technique called pultrusion is used almost exclusively for the manufacture of FRP reinforcing rods. In this technique, continuous strands of the fibres are drawn from creels (spools of fibres) through a resin tank, where they are saturated with resin, pulled through several wiper rings, and finally pulled through a heated die. This process simultaneously forms, and heat cures the FRP into a reinforcing rod. To ensure a strong bond with concrete, a surface treatment is applied consisting of a spiral, or a braided wrap, or a coating of sand embedded in the outer surface of the polymer matrix [1]. The pultrusion process is illustrated schematically at (Figure 1). *Corresponding author: Ahmed I Hassanin, Faculty of Engineering, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt. Received Date: March 07, 2019 Published Date: May 28, 2019 ISSN: 2692-5397 DOI: 10.33552/MCMS.2020.01.000510","PeriodicalId":297187,"journal":{"name":"Modern Concepts in Material Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132536207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nondestructive Evaluation an Integral Part of Engineering","authors":"L. Bond","doi":"10.33552/MCMS.2019.01.000511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/MCMS.2019.01.000511","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":297187,"journal":{"name":"Modern Concepts in Material Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114270925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}