Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Characterization and evaluation of torrefied sugarcane bagasse to improve the fuel properties","authors":"Muktar Abdu Kalifa,&nbsp;Nigus Gabbiye Habtu,&nbsp;Addis Lemessa Jembere,&nbsp;Melkamu Birlie Genet","doi":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2023.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2023.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Torrefaction is a promising method of treatment with a prospect toward Physco-chemical improvement and thermal upgrading of biomass. In the present study, the torrefaction of sugarcane bagasse in both dry and chemical treatment in comparison with the physical, chemical, and thermal properties of raw bagasse was investigated. Thermochemical torrefaction was carried out by pretreatment of raw bagasse with dilute sulfuric acid. The torrefaction temperature was carried out at a carried temperature (220–280 °C) and a torrefaction period (30–120 min) in a packed bed reactor under an inert environment, whereas dry torrefaction was performed using the same treatment without the addition of a chemical to the raw bagasse. Chars produced by chemical torrefaction were found with improved properties of heating value, energy, and bulk density at 280 °C and 120 min. Increasing temperature resulting in high fixed carbon content apparently decreases moisture content and volatile matter. The mass yield and energy yield were found to be decreased with temperature and time. The carbon content of torrefied bagasse was increased with temperature and time, whereas, hydrogen and oxygen content decreased due to the devolatilization reactions. It was able to upgrade HHV from 16.05 to 20.34 MJ/Kg in dry and 22.29 MJ/Kg in chemical torrefaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":296,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666086523000413/pdfft?md5=6c49a725898097473a07f5d2f9067dd8&pid=1-s2.0-S2666086523000413-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139071470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of green microwave-assisted extraction of essential oil from lemon (Citrus limon) leaves: Bioactive, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential","authors":"Mst. Sarmina Yeasmin ,&nbsp;Md. Jasim Uddin ,&nbsp;Subarna Sandhani Dey ,&nbsp;Jaytirmoy Barmon ,&nbsp;Nayeema Talukder Ema ,&nbsp;G.M. Masud Rana ,&nbsp;Md. Mahmudur Rahman ,&nbsp;Mohajira Begum ,&nbsp;Lailatul Ferdousi ,&nbsp;Supriya Ahmed ,&nbsp;Md. Salim Khan ,&nbsp;Mst. Hajera Khatun ,&nbsp;Ali Ahsan Muzahid","doi":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research delves into the analysis of essential oil derived from <em>Citrus limon</em> leaves cultivated in the northern region of Bangladesh, focusing on their potential attributes. The essential oil was extracted employing a microwave-assisted gravity station without using solvent. Optimization was carried out in terms of time, temperature and power as a function of oil yield. The study revealed the highest oil yield of 2.5 % after 50 min at 110 °C, maintaining a microwave power of 300 watt. Twenty-four (24) phyto-components were identified by Gas Chromatogram- Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) where <span>d</span>-Limonene (34.10660 %) was dominant compound. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was used to assess the antioxidant activity of essential oil. Notably, essential oil displayed superior DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀ 8.57 ppm) compared to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (IC₅₀ 10.63 ppm), a common antioxidant standard. Furthermore, a variety of harmful microorganisms were used to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy. The extracted essential oil exhibited the strongest antimicrobial effectiveness against bacteria <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (ZOI-27.50 mm, MIC-7.8 μL/mL) and the fungi <em>Candida albicans</em> (ZOI-32.83 mm, MIC-1.95 μL/mL). These findings demonstrate the <em>Citrus limon</em> leaves essential oil contains bioactive components with strong antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The extracted essential oil holds significant potential for applications in the foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic industries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":296,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666086524000183/pdfft?md5=e5bee2da1af3b64c9cb5e38b3d4b9eec&pid=1-s2.0-S2666086524000183-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140905706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of thermal treatment parameters on the preservation of carbon fiber mechanical properties after reclamation","authors":"Marina Corvo Alguacil ,&nbsp;Kentaro Umeki ,&nbsp;Sergejs Gaidukovs ,&nbsp;Anda Barkāne ,&nbsp;Shujie You ,&nbsp;Roberts Joffe","doi":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon fiber, despite its exceptional properties, remains underutilized due to monetary and environmental concerns. Concurrently, the imminent challenge associated with rising quantities of End-of-Life CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymer) demands the further development of recycling strategies. This study focuses on optimizing the recycling process parameters of pyrolysis and oxidation thermal treatment to maximize the retention of mechanical properties in the recycled fibers in the shortest process time. To assess the result of the pyrolysis, single fiber tensile tests were executed to measure strength and stiffness. Additionally, microscopy and spectroscopy studies were carried out to evaluate fiber geometry as well as surface quality. At the laboratory scale, experiments demonstrated that the combination of pyrolysis and oxidation yields clean, reusable fibers with mechanical properties suitable for secondary applications. The influence of various treatment parameters on the strength and stiffness of the recycled fibers was explored, establishing a clear correlation. The outcome is a set of optimized parameters that contribute to mechanical property retention, including a novel recycling method that allows for reduced processing times, as short as 10 min. This work paves the way for a more eco-friendly and cost-effective approach to harnessing the potential of carbon fiber in a wide range of applications while mitigating environmental concerns associated with landfill disposal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":296,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the mechanical recycling and upcycling of mixed postconsumer recovered plastics (PCR): A review","authors":"Tanyaradzwa S. Muzata,&nbsp;Laurent M. Matuana,&nbsp;Muhammad Rabnawaz","doi":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The presence of chemically different and compositionally varying plastics in mixed postconsumer recovered plastic (PCR) presents daunting barriers to recycling and upcycling efforts. This review systematically outlines how different processing techniques and characterization methods can be implemented to improve PCR's mechanical recycling and upcycling processes. The review further addresses the recycling challenges in the processing of mixed plastics from PCR and how their mechanical properties can be enhanced by making use of different types of compatibilizers such as copolymers, Janus nanoparticles as well as different approaches such as solid-state pulverization and microfibrillarization. In addition, the state-of-the-art applications of recycled plastics usage in automotive and construction are reviewed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":296,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666086524000122/pdfft?md5=2238b22fe35d894f788679e4ba511d40&pid=1-s2.0-S2666086524000122-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140147882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Properties and photocatalytic applications of black TiO2 produced by thermal or plasma hydrogenation","authors":"Manjunath Veeranna Shinnur,&nbsp;MariaPia Pedeferri,&nbsp;Maria Vittoria Diamanti","doi":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>TiO₂ nanomaterial photocatalysts for energy and environmental applications have attracted the interest of researchers in recent decades. The broad bandgap (3–3.2 eV), which limits the quantity of light absorption, and the relatively high charge-carrier recombination, which limits photocatalytic activity, are the key bottlenecks. The discovery of black TiO₂ in 2011 sparked global research attention and renewed optimism for solving this challenge. The presence of defects such as Ti³⁺ species and oxygen vacancies at the surface of black TiO₂ nanostructures – so called due to the color assumed by the oxide following a reduction process - is responsible for enhancing the optical absorption of UV to visible light. This review focuses on recent advancements in the development of black TiO₂ nanomaterials, including description of the synthesis processes, focused on plasma and thermal methods to convert TiO₂ to black TiO₂, discussion of black TiO₂ properties, and diverse applications of black TiO₂, and concludes by addressing some essential concerns that must be tackled to unleash the desired future developments, particularly for solar energy production and pollutants decomposition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":296,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666086524000201/pdfft?md5=43c463a86c552ab9c7e27069df7bc3e2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666086524000201-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141241082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of supercritical fluid extraction of orange (Citrus sinenis L.) peel essential oil and its physicochemical properties","authors":"Wen Xia Ling Felicia ,&nbsp;Kobun Rovina ,&nbsp;Nasir Md Nur Aqilah ,&nbsp;Abdul Aziz Jaziri","doi":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the choice of supercritical fluid extraction as a renewable alternative for extracting orange peel essential oil (OPEO) was motivated by concerns about sustainability with conventional solvent extraction methods. The physical and chemical characteristics of OPEO were examined to assess its potential as a sustainable resource. The extraction process was optimised, and the ideal conditions determined were 317.51 min of extraction time at 74.85 °C with a solvent-to-sample ratio of 4. Analysis of the extracted OPEO revealed significant values for saponification (121.67 mg KOH/g), acid (4.13 mg KOH/g), ester (117.54 mg KOH/g), and free fatty acid (1.56 mg KOH/g) content, demonstrating its composition. Notably, key ingredients such as Limonene (43.96%), α-pinene (15.60%), β-myrcene (10.21%), <strong><em>γ</em></strong>-terpinene (5.00%), and α-terpineol (4.15%) were found in high proportions according to chemical composition analysis. Furthermore, OPEO exhibited excellent antioxidant properties with an IC50 value of 7.73 ± 2.00 mg/mL and displayed notable antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms, including <em>P. aeruginosa</em> (17.7 ± 0.6 mm), <em>E. coli</em> (11.0 ± 0.0 mm), <em>K. pneumoniae</em> (10.7 ± 0.6 mm), and <em>S. aureus</em> (10.3 ± 0.6 mm). These findings have significant implications for the flavor and fragrance sector, as well as for the food preservation industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":296,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666086524000158/pdfft?md5=54b15db8be7e5d93a78a235b4642bbd2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666086524000158-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140321040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering stable Ti3+ defects in a titanium dioxide matrix by wet bead-milling: Visible-light assisted efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production from water","authors":"Shoichi Somekawa ,&nbsp;Sayaka Yanagida ,&nbsp;Naoki Tachibana ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Imai ,&nbsp;Shigeru Nakazawa","doi":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar-driven hydrogen production technologies are of increasing interest. In this work, Ti³⁺ was incorporated into titanium dioxide via wet bead-milling, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic activity under both UV and visible light irradiation. The broad optical absorption obtained from the presence of Ti³⁺ ranged from the visible to near-infrared regions of the spectrum (specifically from 400 to over 900 nm) and this absorption could be enhanced by increasing the diameter of the beads used for wet milling. The hydrogen production rate from water in response to ultraviolet (UV)-visible light with ethanol as a sacrificial reagent was also found to vary depending on the bead diameter. Producing the optimal level of Ti³⁺ incorporation in the titanium oxide matrix while maintaining a high specific surface area increased the extent of hydrogen production during water decomposition. A sample prepared using 0.3 mm diameter beads exhibited the highest hydrogen production rate of 145 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹, which was 15 times that obtained from commercially available anatase-type titanium dioxide having higher specific surface area. The hydrogen production rate under only UV light (&lt;400 nm) was decreased to one-ninth of that obtained using both UV and visible light simultaneously. No hydrogen gas was generated in trials using only visible light (&gt;410 nm). These results indicate that visible light significantly promoted the photocatalytic reaction when both UV and visible light were irradiated simultaneously.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":296,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of low-cost acidic modified-adsorbent from agricultural waste palm leaf to remove methylene blue from aqueous solutions","authors":"Alireza Rahmani ,&nbsp;Zahra Torkshavand ,&nbsp;Khadije Yari ,&nbsp;Amir Shabanloo ,&nbsp;Maryam Foroghi ,&nbsp;Bahman Gholazrkhogaste ,&nbsp;Roya Najafi-Vosough","doi":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Disposing wastewater from textile industries and dyes into water bodies has aesthetic effects on the nature of water, it can also cause serious adverse environmental impacts on the water ecosystem by reducing sunlight penetration and photosynthetic reactions. Adsorption is one of the most common methods for removal of toxic pollutants due to its easy and cheap operation. Using agricultural waste to prepare cheap and simple adsorbents is an alternative method for commercial carbons. In this research, a cost-effective adsorbent was fabricated from palm leaf agricultural waste during two stages of carbonization and modification with acid. XRD and FTIR analyses were used to characterize the carbon-based adsorbent. The funding indicated that the removal performance of methylene blue at an initial concentration of 25 mg/L is about 99.6 % after 60 min of reaction at solution pH 7. However, the highest adsorption capacity of 175.6 mg/g was achieved at the adsorbent dose of 25 mg. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics evaluation indicated that the adsorption of methylene blue on the adsorbent prepared from palm leaf waste is chemical heterogeneous adsorption. The findings of the present research promise the development of a cost-effective adsorbent from agricultural waste to remove dye compounds from industrial wastewater at near-neutral conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":296,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666086524000316/pdfft?md5=a897694005bf5007db3d7041ddd0573c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666086524000316-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The function and properties of common food packaging materials and their suitability for reusable packaging: The transition from a linear to circular economy","authors":"Ronan Farrell ,&nbsp;Yvonne J. Cortese ,&nbsp;Declan M. Devine ,&nbsp;Noel Gately ,&nbsp;Margarita Rueda ,&nbsp;Lorena Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Romina Pezzoli","doi":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the last few decades, plastics have been the material of choice for food packaging applications. Combining mechanical performance with barrier properties and transparency, plastics have been a cost-effective solution for safely distributing food produce. Unfortunately, most plastic packaging is based on a linear model where packaging is designed for single use, resulting in vast amounts of post-consumer waste being generated annually. In response to this concern, many public and private bodies globally have set ambitious sustainable development targets with the goal of reducing plastic waste. To assist in meeting these targets, the implementation of reusable packaging schemes has been suggested. These schemes aim to prolong the lifespan and worth of plastic packaging and have the potential to reduce the environmental impact of single-use plastics, provided all aspects of their design are carefully considered. One design aspect often neglected is the influence of repeated use on the properties of the packaging material. Very little literature exists investigating the effects that repeated contamination and washing can have on the material's intrinsic properties. This review article aims to comprehensively review the functions and properties of various food packaging materials to assess their suitability for reusable food packaging applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":296,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable ambient pressure-dried silica aerogel from waste glass","authors":"M. Borzova,&nbsp;K. Schollbach,&nbsp;F. Gauvin,&nbsp;H.J.H. Brouwers","doi":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Silica aerogels are outstanding insulation materials, and applying them as building insulation could significantly enhance the energy efficiency of dwellings. However, the current high price of aerogels hinders their use on large scales, in part due to the embedded costs of production such as raw materials and their energy-intensive drying process. This study proposes a method relying on the upcycling of waste mixed fine soda lime glass as a silica source for subsequent aerogel synthesis via ambient pressure drying (APD). The optimal conditions for the dissolution of silica from waste glass were found to be a 24-h reaction with a 4 M NaOH solution under 80 °C and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 10. The investigation of silica dissolution considers the balance between the yield of silica and the practical scalability. The resulting aerogel is hydrophobic, has a thermal conductivity of 26 mW m⁻¹ K⁻¹, a specific surface area of 608 m² g⁻¹, and a density of 121 kg/m³. These properties are comparable to commercial aerogel, and to a reference aerogel made from commercial sodium silicate. Additionally, the heat treatment of aerogel at 500 °C for 4 h further improved its properties, suggesting a potential for targeted property enhancements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":296,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666086524000304/pdfft?md5=fdb86bcd69c9a7303775e47e3f60947f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666086524000304-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}