Research Journal of Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Psychosocial factors associated with psychiatric morbidity in higher institution students in Nigeria","authors":"A. J. Ogunmodede, O. Adegunloye, R. Oguntayo, M. Ajokpaniovo, O. Buhari, O. A. Bolarinwa, S. Malomo, J. Oyeleke","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v11i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v11i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mental health disorders in undergraduates are often undetected and may predispose to other academic and social complications. The  objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of probable psychiatric morbidity among students of University of Ilorin, Nigeria and the psycho- social factors that are associated with psychiatric morbidity in them. \u0000Methods: Socio-demographic questionnaire and the 12-item General health questionnaire (GHQ-12) were administered to 3,300 undergraduate students  to assess psychosocial variables and psychiatric morbidity respectively. \u0000Results: About 23.5% of respondents scored >3 using the GHQ-12 questionnaire, signifying a likehood of psychiatric morbidity. Students from  polygamous families were 1.3 times more likely to have GHQ scores of >3 than those from monogamous (OR=1.276, P=0.026). Those who had  unemployed fathers were twice more likely to have a GHQ > 3 than those with employed fathers. (OR=2.084, P=0.005).Those who lived in houses with  shared toilet facilities were 1.3 times more likely to have GHQ >3 (OR=1.310, P=0.028) \u0000Conclusion: This study calls for a careful consideration and modification of the various psychosocial factors associated with pschiatric morbidity in order  to ensure a mentally healthy and vibrant student community. ","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47132230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Searching for simpler sensitive diagnostic methods for assessing malaria prevalence during pregnancy in resource constrained setting","authors":"C. A. Ihemanma, P. Melariri, W. Sibanda, P. Etusim","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria infection during pregnancy causes maternal mortality with severe consequences for the foetus and infant. This research was aimed at assessing prevalence and clinical symptoms via urinalysis among pregnant women.Method: A cross-sectional study involving 300 pregnant women purposively selected from six health care centres was conducted. Data were analysed  using SPSS version 26.Results: The overall malaria prevalence rate was 48% (n=143). Age group ≤25 years had the highest prevalence rate of 55.8% (n=68). Pregnant women in  their first and second trimester had prevalence rate of 49% (n=101) and 49% (n=77) respectively, while the primigravidae recorded the highest prevalence  rate of 56% (n=91). Logistic regression revealed that women younger than 30 years old had lower odds of being malaria negative OR 0.96(95%Cl  0.56-1.65), P=0.87. Women in their first trimester had higher odds of being malaria negative by 1.01 (95%Cl 0.41-2.46), P=0.99. Women who used LLINs had higher odds of being malaria negative OR 4521746.902, P=0.0000.Conclusion: Urinalysis revealed highest prevalence rate of 27.3% (n=82) for bilirubinuria (+) samples. Bilirubinuria in pregnancy could serve as a good  indicator for malaria.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49152538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family variables and its influence on malaria prevention practices among households in Ife east local government area, Osun state, Nigeria","authors":"O. O. Sonibare, O. Esimai, S. olowookere","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An understanding of the family variables that influence malaria prevention practices (MPPs) is valuable in endemic communities with  implications for family health. The study aim was to determine the family variables influencing MPPs among households in Ife East Local Government  Area of Osun state.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey that used a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Chi-square test was used to  determine the relationship between family variables and MPPs. Binary logistic regression was used to identify family variables influencing MPPs.Results: Among 272 households, 52.6% had good MPPs. Family variables influencing good MPPs include monogamous family (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.10 –  3.71, p = 0.023), less than 5 family size (OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.39 – 4.22, p = 0.002) and primary level of education (OR = 5.78, 95% CI = 2.01 – 16.61, p = 0.001).Conclusion: Among the households, use of MPPs was fair and it was significantly influenced by some family variables. These findings highlight the need  to take cognizance of family variables in the design of programs for malaria intervention.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42839614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disaster preparedness level in hazard laden environment: A case study of tertiary institution students in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria","authors":"T. Bello, I. Bamigbayan, M. Adeyemi, J.O. Odekuoye, E. A. Ajayi","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.10","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim was to assess disaster preparedness of tertiary institution students in Osogbo, Osun State.Materials and methods: A cross sectional study carried out among 360 tertiary institution students using a semi structured self-administered  questionnaire.Results: Extreme heat, extreme cold and overcrowding are the hazards commonly exposed to by the students. While some respondents reported  availability of safety equipment in their school, majority do not either have access to it or know how to operate these equipment. About two thirds  (62.5%) are aware of disaster impact while only about one third (33.3%) are highly prepared for it. Bivariate analysis shows that religion (p=0.032), marital  status (p=0.027) and family type (P=0.008) were significantly associated with their awareness level while only program of study (P=0.013) was significantly  associated with preparedness level.Conclusion: Tertiary institution students in Osogbo are exposed to various hazards and majority are not well prepared for it.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49466665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical applicability of peak expiratory flow measured with peak flow metre compared to spirometer in a resource-limited setting","authors":"J. Jumbo, E. Onini, O.P. Ikuabe","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) is the maximum flow produced during a forced expiration following a full inspiration. It is useful in the  management of lung diseases especially the domiciliary assessment of disease control in patients with Asthma. PEF can be measured with either a peak  flow meter or a spirometer. We aimed at comparing PEF measured using a Mini Wright peak flow meter with PEF measured using Spirolab III spirometer  in order to assess its clinical applicability in resource-limited settings.Method: A method-comparison study with records of PEF values at the Niger-Delta University Teaching Hospital, Okolobiri. Hypotheses were formulated  and tested after data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 25 software.Results: PEF readings of a total of 100 adults were analyzed. Mean age was 48.90 ± 19.77 years. Males (51%) were slightly more than females (49%). One-  sample t-test showed no statistical difference in the mean PEF values measured with the two devices (p = 0.295). There was significant correlation  between the PEF values measured with the two devices (p<0.0001) with demonstration of agreement and absence of proportional bias in the PEF values measured by the two methods following linear regression analysis (p = 0.959).Conclusion: PEF values obtained from the Mini wright PEF meter and the Spirolab III spirometer are comparable. Therefore, the Mini Wright peakflow  meter may be effectively used in the diagnosis and monitoring of Asthma and other lung diseases in resource-limited settings.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45794297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sero-prevalence and risk factors for cytomegalovirus infection among pregnant women in a teaching hospital in Ogun state, Nigeria","authors":"C. J. Elikwu, I. Otaigbe, T. Oluwole, O. Shonekan, V. Nwadike, B. Tayo, C. Okangba, A. Omeonu, B. Faluyi, S. Umebuani, M. Aluko, O. Idowu, M.J. Okhagbuzo, B. Alabi","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infection with cytomegalo virus is usually asymptomatic however in pregnant women the risk of congenital infection and foetal  abnormalities makes antenatal screening for CMV infection necessary. The aim of this study was to determine the sero-prevalence and risk factors for  CMV infection among pregnant women in Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted between January and May, 2017 on patients attending the antenatal clinic of  Babcock University Teaching Hospital. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Kits were used to determine IgM and IgG anti CMV antibody titresinvenous blood samples obtained from study participants.Results: A total of 80 patients were recruited into the study. The mean age was 30 years.All (100%) respondents were sero-positive for anti CMV IgG  antibodies while 28.75% of respondents were seropositive for anti CMV IgM antibodies.Conclusion: There was a highsero-prevalence rate of CMV infection in the study. Screening of pregnant women for CMV infection is necessary due to the  risk of congenital infection and fetal defects.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46299685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Isoniazid Preventive Therapy among Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive adults in Southern Nigeria","authors":"Bamidele David Ajayi, J. Ogunkoya, F. O. Ajayi","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Aim/objectives: It was aimed to assess the prevalence of latent TB among HIV+ patients, evaluate the coverage of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), the  continuous risk of latent tuberculosis infection, and factors associated with the presence of latent Tb in HIV+ patients. \u0000Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study of HIV+ patients attending the HIV clinic or admitted not previously treated for TB and did not have  clinical and laboratory evidence of active TB and matched HIV-negative population attending our GOC. Data collected with a pre-tested investigator  administered questionnaire included the age, sex, height and weight, medical and drug history, and relevant physical examination findings such as body  temperature and respiratory rate. Active TB was excluded by history, sputum AFB Z-N staining, or GeneXpert test and chest radiography. Whole blood  samples were collected from participants for QuantiFERON TB Gold Plus for quantification of Interferon Gamma Release assay (IGRA) in order to  diagnose or exclude latent TB. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0 software at a level of significance of p < 0.05. Association between means  and qualitative variables was analyzed with student-t-test and Chi-square test \u0000Results: The mean ages of the HIV+ and control groups were 42.69 ± 9.91 and 41.29 ± 9.20 years respectively with no significant statistical difference.  76(95.0%) of HIV+ patients and 74(92.5%) controls had no symptoms of TB and chronic lung disease. 18(22.5%) HIV+ patients and 2(2.5%) controls were  exposed to persons with chronic cough (p=<0.001). The prevalence of latent TB among HIV+ patients was 22.50% and 10.0% among controls (p-  value=0.001). 8(44.4%) out of 18 with latent TB had prior use of IPT compared with 24 (38.7%) out of 62 without latent TB (p-value =0.67). CD4 count was a  significant factor associated with the presence of latent TB among HIV+ persons (p-0.03). Similarly, there was a significant association between viral load  and positive IGRA (p<0.001). \u0000Conclusion: Latent TB infection remains significantly higher among HIV+ than HIV-negative patients which may account for the higher incidence of active  disease amongst them. Isoniazid preventive therapy coverage was poor amongst HIV+ patients in this study. ","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43473019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral hygiene and gingival disease among children with structural heart disease at a tertiary hospital in North-Central Nigeria","authors":"M. Abdulkadir, M. Adeyemi, B. I. Owolabi, A. Issa, H. Suberu, D. Oladele","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Poor oral hygiene and gingival disease are factors that increase risk of infective endocarditis in children with structural heart disease. The  objectives were to evaluate the oral hygiene status of children with structural heart disease and the prevalence of dental caries/ gingival disease among them. \u0000Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Subjects were children aged6 months to 14 years with structural heart disease. Relevant sociodemographic  and clinical data were collected. The Decayed, Missing Filled –Teeth (DMF-T) index and Simplified Oral Hygiene index-S (OHI-S) were used to evaluate for dental caries and oral hygiene respectively. \u0000Results: Forty-eight subjects were recruited. Median (IQR) age was 1.88 (0.50 – 6.75) years. Commonest structural heart diseases were ventricular septal  defects (19 subjects; 39.6%), rheumatic heart disease (6; 12.5%), and Tetralogy of Fallot (5; 10.4%). Prevalence of dental caries amongst subjects was 11.4%  (four of the 35). Six (12.5%) had gingival disease and one (2.9%) had poor oral hygiene. Thirty-two (91.4%) subjects had their mouth cleaned daily,  while only four (12.5%) of these had it cleaned at least twice a day. \u0000Conclusion: Dental caries and poor oral hygiene are common amongst children with structural heart disease.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43139680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep venous thromboses complicating central vascular access for renal replacement therapy in a tertiary health centre of a developing country","authors":"T.A. Bamikefa, O. Olayemi, D. Oyedepo, A. Yusuf, M. Hassan, C. O. Alebiosu","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background/objectives: Central venous cannulation remains an important process in haemodialysis practises world-wide. The study is designed to  determine the prevalence of central access deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and its associated risk factors in the studied population. \u0000Methods: A prospective observational study of kidney disease patients who underwent haemodialysis between January 2021 and December 31st2021  was carried out. Socio-demographic and clinical data were extracted using structured pro-forma. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. \u0000Results: Of the 98 patients that underwent haemodialysis, 36 (36.8%) were male and 62 (63.2%) were female. Mean age was 48.3±16.7 years. Fifteen  (15.3%) had acute kidney injury while 83 (85.0%) had chronic kidney disease. All the patients had emergency dialysis totaling508 sessions. Femoral vein  was the most frequently used vascular access (95%) while other vascular access accounted for the remaining (5%). Femoral DVT was seen in 8 (8.2%)  patients with majority having CKD (8.4%) . \u0000Conclusion: Iliofemoral DVT was most common (P=0.537). Statistically significant association was observed between occurrence of femoral DVT and AKI  (P<0.02).","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44128370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile of limb amputations in UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, South- Western, Nigeria","authors":"A. Adedire, S. Olarewaju, A. Yusuf, A. Oluwabukola","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.4","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47341691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}