Deep venous thromboses complicating central vascular access for renal replacement therapy in a tertiary health centre of a developing country

Abstract

Background/objectives: Central venous cannulation remains an important process in haemodialysis practises world-wide. The study is designed to  determine the prevalence of central access deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and its associated risk factors in the studied population. Methods: A prospective observational study of kidney disease patients who underwent haemodialysis between January 2021 and December 31st2021  was carried out. Socio-demographic and clinical data were extracted using structured pro-forma. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Of the 98 patients that underwent haemodialysis, 36 (36.8%) were male and 62 (63.2%) were female. Mean age was 48.3±16.7 years. Fifteen  (15.3%) had acute kidney injury while 83 (85.0%) had chronic kidney disease. All the patients had emergency dialysis totaling508 sessions. Femoral vein  was the most frequently used vascular access (95%) while other vascular access accounted for the remaining (5%). Femoral DVT was seen in 8 (8.2%)  patients with majority having CKD (8.4%) . Conclusion: Iliofemoral DVT was most common (P=0.537). Statistically significant association was observed between occurrence of femoral DVT and AKI  (P<0.02).