Anales de Edificación最新文献

{"title":"Análisis comparativo del comportamiento mecánico del hormigón tradicional vs. hormigón con inclusión de caucho reciclado = Comparative analysis of the mechanical behavior of traditional concrete vs. concrete including recycled rubber","authors":"Mario Andrés Ordóñez Lino, Francisco Fernando Loor Cevallos, Alex Bolívar Salvatierra Espinoza","doi":"10.20868/ade.2019.4040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ade.2019.4040","url":null,"abstract":"Las investigaciones han demostrado que los neumaticos de caucho desechados contienen en su estructura, moleculas que no permiten la descomposicion en condiciones ambientales normales. La opcion que mas se ha usado con los anos para eliminar este tipo de desecho es la quema del caucho, que si bien incinerado desaparece fisicamente, igual produce otro tipo de contaminacion como la atmosferica. Se plantea realizar un analisis comparativo del comportamiento mecanico del hormigon tradicional vs el hormigon con inclusion de caucho reciclado, para de este modo conocer como actua este desecho se aplicara ensayos de resistencia a la compresion y a la flexion manejando un porcentaje de 5% y 10% de inclusion de caucho, en dos presentaciones tanto fino como grueso sustituyendo asi la arena o la piedra picada, adicional a lo ya mencionado tambien se realizara el respectivo ensayo granulometrico y de desgaste por abrasion de los Angeles, todo esto para un diseno de hormigon con resistencia de 280kg/cm2. Abstract Research has shown that discarded rubber tires contain in their structure, molecules that do not allow decomposition under normal environmental conditions. The option that has been used the most over the years to eliminate this type of waste is the burning of rubber, which, although incinerated, disappears physically, it also produces another type of pollution, such as atmospheric pollution. It is proposed to perform a comparative analysis of the mechanical behavior of traditional concrete vs. concrete with the inclusion of recycled rubber, in order to know how this waste acts, compression tests will be applied. and bending handling a percentage of 5% and 10% of inclusion of rubber, in two presentations both fine and coarse replacing the sand or stone, in addition to what has already been mentioned, the respective granulometric and abrasion wear tests will be carried out of Los Angeles, all this for a concrete design with resistance of 280kg/cm2.","PeriodicalId":296022,"journal":{"name":"Anales de Edificación","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115774134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Componentes inteligentes en 3D = Smart 3D-components","authors":"J. M. González","doi":"10.20868/ade.2019.4045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ade.2019.4045","url":null,"abstract":"La fabricacion de componentes 3D a traves de la linea de ensamblaje implica un alto grado de valor agregado, entre los cuales se incluyen caracteristicas inteligentes. Las funciones inteligentes nos permiten reconfigurar rapida y facilmente el espacio donde estan instaladas. Este tipo de propiedades suelen estar relacionadas con la comodidad del habitante y las instalaciones (iluminacion, sonido, acondicionamiento termico ...), pero tambien con la configuracion del espacio. Por esta razon, para facilitar su movimiento o reemplazo, su peso y tamano se convierten en un factor muy importante. Dentro de los componentes 3D, los mas adecuados para cumplir estas funciones son los pods 3D y los compactos 3D. El dB alFA-G.100 sirve como fuente de las muestras mas importantes del tipo de componentes que se estan revisando en este documento, sus propiedades y caracteristicas se nombran, definen y comparan. Para finalizar, se demuestra como las redes de suministros generales son la guia principal para organizar las relaciones espaciales entre los componentes inteligentes 3D (y cuales son los mas utilizados), pudiendo no solo obtener una nomenclatura de componentes inteligentes 3D y su clasificacion, sino tambien incluir las reglas de sintaxis entre ellas que admiten configurar el espacio en ellas. Abstract Manufacturing 3D-components through assembly line implies a high grade of added value, among which smart features are included. Smart features allow us to reconfigure quickly and easily the space where they are installed. This kind of properties are usually related to the comfort of the inhabitant and the facilities (lighting, sound, thermal conditioning ...), but also to the configuration of the space. For this reason, in order to facilitate its movement or replacement, their weight and size become a very important factor. Within 3D-components, the most suitable to fulfill these functions are the 3D-pods and the 3D-compacts. The dB alFA-G.100 serves as a source of the most important samples of the kind of components that are being reviewed in this paper, their properties and characteristics are named, defined and compared. To end, it is proved how general supplies networks are the main guide to arrange the spatial relations among 3D smart components (and which are the most used), being able not only to obtain a 3D-smart components nomenclature and its classification, but also to syntax rules between them which support to configure the space into they are include","PeriodicalId":296022,"journal":{"name":"Anales de Edificación","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115040166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Índice","authors":"Editor Anales de Edificación","doi":"10.20868/ade.2019.4038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ade.2019.4038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":296022,"journal":{"name":"Anales de Edificación","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132379469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La segunda vida de los residuos de construcción. Propuesta para reutilizar como agregado árido reciclado y residuos de material aislante = The second life of construction waste. Proposal to reuse recycled fine aggregate and residues of insulating materials","authors":"K. Kalinowska-wichrowska, C. Ramírez, Alejandra Vidales Barriguete","doi":"10.20868/ade.2019.4039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ade.2019.4039","url":null,"abstract":"El articulo presenta los resultados de una investigacion propia que confirma la posibilidad de reutilizar materiales de desecho: la fraccion fina del hormigon que se recicla como sustituto de arena, residuos de material aislante (lana de roca y fibra de vidrio) y arena reciclada. Se realizaron ensayos de Resistencia a compresion y flexion, absorcion de agua por capilaridad y dureza superficial. Los resultados muestran que todos los materiales descritos podrian servir como solucion aceptable para la reduccion del uso de recursos naturales - arena natural (por ejemplo) o, como relleno. La reutilizacion de residuos en el mundo debe llevarse a cabo debido a la carencia de recursos naturales Abstract The paper presents the results of own research confirming the possibility of reusing a waste material: fine fraction from concrete recycling as a filler in sand lime products and residues of insulating materials (rockwool and fiberglass) and recycled sand using as a insulating materials. The compressive strength, bending, water absorption, surface hardness and structural research were carried out. The results show that the all of describing materials could be acceptable solution to reduce natural resources - natural sand (for example) or be a filler. Reuse of waste materials to new composites is expected in this world because of lack of natural resources.","PeriodicalId":296022,"journal":{"name":"Anales de Edificación","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129421291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influencia del Sistema de Puesta a Tierra en la Compatibilidad Electromagnética en Edificios Hospitalarios = Influence of Grounding Systems in the Electromagnetic Compatibility in Hospital Buildings","authors":"Esteban P. Jose Domínguez González Seco, J. M. G. Pulido, David Gómez, Igor Aguirrebeña Alcelay","doi":"10.20868/ade.2019.4043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ade.2019.4043","url":null,"abstract":"El estudio desarrolla un analisis de la compatibilidad electromagnetica en los recintos hospitalarios. En el mismo se trata de establecer las caracteristicas del diseno inicial de la red electrica que permiten obtener un contexto electromagnetico optimo en el funcionamiento de los sistemas hospitalarios. En el trabajo se aborda el analisis de los distintos regimenes de neutro de las instalaciones de baja tension, con el objeto de establecer un estandar justificado que facilite la operacion y funcionamiento de la instalacion electrica y de comunicaciones en los sistemas hospitalarios. El analisis de los datos recabados permite proponer la utilizacion del regimen de neutro TN-S. Finalmente, se plantea para un futuro desarrollo normativo y de diseno la utilizacion del regimen de neutro TN-S como medida correctora para mejorar el funcionamiento electromagnetico de centros hospitalarios. ----------ABSTRACT---------- This research analyzes the electromagnetic compatibility in hospital buildings and tries to stablish the initial design features of its low voltage systems for the better electromagnetic context. The present study analyzes different neutral regimes in low voltage networks and proposes a justified standard for electrical and communication networks which allows an optimal running in hospital systems. Based on the data and outcomings it is proposed a TN-S grounding system. It is proposed, for a future regulation development, the use of the TN-S grounding system for a better electromagnetic operation in hospital buildings.","PeriodicalId":296022,"journal":{"name":"Anales de Edificación","volume":"51 39","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113957733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prototipos de tapas de alcantarillas y postes de alumbrado en base al PVC. Reciclado = Prototypes of sewer covers and lighting posts based on PVC. Recycling","authors":"Eddie Echeverría Maggi, Francisco Arturo Torres Macas","doi":"10.20868/ade.2019.4048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ade.2019.4048","url":null,"abstract":"En la actualidad, dentro del panorama sostenible del planeta existe un conflicto en cuanto a la elaboracion de productos de PVC (Policloruro de vinilo). Esto en base a su impacto en la salud humana y el medio ambiente, debido a que para su fabricacion se utilizan metales pesados y cancerigenos, como por ejemplo el cadmio. Tanto esto, asi como su degradacion resulta en un drama ambiental, no exento de toxicidad. El reciclaje de plasticos es una opcion muy util para reducir los desperdicios solidos, tales como el polietileno y el PVC que son los mas comunes. La siguiente investigacion consiste en la elaboracion de dos elementos con PVC reciclado, como prototipos de tapas de alcantarillas y postes de alumbrado. El desarrollo del PVC bajo el concepto de “nuevos productos” y del trabajo que significa imponer esta nueva tendencia en el uso del plastico, existen productos elaborados con materia prima reciclada, lo cual conlleva a hacer uso de la conciencia verde del reciclado y el cuidado del medio ambiente. Esta investigacion esta centrada en ambitos que abarquen no solo el diseno del mobiliario, o el reciclado de materiales, sino que tambien abarquen otras raices del diseno, como el industrial. Abstract At present, within the sustainable landscape of the planet there is a conflict regarding the production of PVC (Polyvinylchloride) products. This is based on its impact on human health and the environment, because heavy and carcinogenic metals are used for its manufacture, such as cadmium. Both this, as well as its degradation resulting in an environmental drama, without toxicity. The recycling of plastics is a very useful option to reduce solid waste, tales such as polyethylene and PVC that are the most common. The following investigation consists of the elaboration of two elements with recycled PVC, such as prototypes of sewer covers and lighting posts. The development of PVC under the concept of “new products” and the work that means imposing this new trend in the use of plastic, there are products made from recycled raw material, which implies the use of the green awareness of recycling and the care of environment. This research is focused on parameters that cover not only the design of furniture, or the recycling of materials, but also cover other design roots, such as industrial.","PeriodicalId":296022,"journal":{"name":"Anales de Edificación","volume":"306 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132977175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestión de la Dimensión Social de la Sostenibilidad en los Códigos de Edificación = Building Codes and the Management of Sustainability´s Social Dimension","authors":"Nestor Rouyet, M. D. Río, C. Viñas","doi":"10.20868/ade.2019.4042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ade.2019.4042","url":null,"abstract":"De acuerdo con la definicion propuesta por las Naciones Unidas, el desarrollo sostenible se basa en tres dimensiones interrelacionadas: medio ambiente, economia y sociedad. A lo largo de las ultimas tres decadas, la industria de la construccion ha adoptado esta definicion centrandose principalmente en la dimension medioambiental, descuidando la dimension social. Al comparar ambas dimensiones, los parametros medioambientales son medibles mediante unidades cuantitativas, lo que ha hecho posible su incorporacion en los codigos de edificacion a nivel internacional. Sin embargo, la dificultad para establecer valores cuantitativos adecuados a los parametros sociales ha obstaculizado su incorporacion en los codigos. Para facilitar la incorporacion de factores sociales dentro de la industria de la edificacion, se propone un enfoque teorico como base para desarrollar sistemas de valoracion cuantitativos de los aspectos sociales en la edificacion. Abstract As defined by the United Nations, a sustainable development relies on three interrelated dimensions: environment, economy, and society. Throughout the last three decades, the building industry has adopted the philosophy of sustainable development by focusing on the environmental dimension, but neglecting the social dimension. When comparing both dimensions, environmental parameters are measurable by quantitative units, which have made their implementation in mandatory building codes feasible. However, the challenging nature to provide appropriate quantitative standards for social parameters prevented their incorporation in building codes. To promote the development of social sustainability within the building industry, this paper aimed to provide a preliminary approach to develop standards that addressed social aspects and health within indoor built environments, so that their incorporation in building codes may be feasible in the near future","PeriodicalId":296022,"journal":{"name":"Anales de Edificación","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123724597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propuesta de ficha para mejora de los catálogos municipales de patrimonio inmueble protegido = Proposal of a file for the improvement of the municipal catalogs of protected real estate","authors":"Nuria Rosa Roca, Meercedes Galiana Agulló, Juan Roldán Ruiz","doi":"10.20868/ade.2019.4041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ade.2019.4041","url":null,"abstract":"Es preciso incorporar a los catalogos tradicionales de edificaciones protegidas factores constructivos y patologicos que permitan identificar su situacion real mas alla de sus caracteristicas compositivas e historicas. Este trabajo aporta un formato de ficha que pretende atender lo anterior. Este formato de ficha de catalogacion es valido para cualquier municipio y bien inmueble. Se intenta contribuir a optimizar la conservacion, intervencion, difusion y puesta en valor del patrimonio. Ademas, son una fuente de informacion para la investigacion y dejan constancia de la historia de estos edificios. Abstract It is necessary to incorporate into the traditional catalogs of protected buildings constructive and pathological factors that allow to identify their real situation beyond their compositional and historical characteristics. This work provides a tab format that aims to address the above. This format of cataloging form is valid for any municipality and real estate. The aim is to contribute to optimize conservation, intervention, dissemination and the enhancement of heritage. In addition, they are a source of information for the investigation and the constancy of the history of these buildings.","PeriodicalId":296022,"journal":{"name":"Anales de Edificación","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129437664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estudio reológico experimental de un hormigón autocompactante reforzado con fibras de acero. = Experimental rheological study of a self-compacting concrete reinforced with steel fibers.","authors":"José Sánchez Pérez, María de las Nieves González García, M. I. P. Barrio, Gregorio García López de la Osa","doi":"10.20868/ade.2019.4049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ade.2019.4049","url":null,"abstract":"En este trabajo se han estudiado las caracteristicas en estado fresco de un hormigon autocompactante (HAC) reforzado con fibras de acero (HACRFA). Los resultados obtenidos permiten comprobar que, a pesar del contenido en fibras del hormigon, lo cual contribuye a disminuir de forma importante las caracteristicas de autocompactabilidad, el hormigon puede definirse como autocompactante con las exigencias de la Instruccion EHE 08. Sin embargo, el HRFA ensayado posee una dosificacion de fibras relativamente baja, 0.4% en peso de hormigon, por lo que los resultados obtenidos no pueden extrapolarse a HRFA con contenidos en fibras superiores Abstract In this work the characteristics in the fresh state of a self-compacting concrete (SCC) reinforced with steel fibers (SCCSF) have been studied. The results obtained allow us to verify that, despite the fiber content of the concrete, which contributes to significantly reduce the characteristics of self-compactability, the concrete can be defined as self-compacting with the requirements of Instruction EHE 08. However, the SFC tested It has a relatively low fiber dosage, 0.4% by weight of concrete, so the results obtained cannot be extrapolated to SFC with higher fiber content.","PeriodicalId":296022,"journal":{"name":"Anales de Edificación","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124124712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rehabilitación energética de viviendas en España: confort térmico y efectividad = Energy rehabilitation of homes in Spain: thermal comfort and effectiveness.","authors":"Pablo Fernández, C. Rubio, F. J. Guevara","doi":"10.20868/ADE.2019.3913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ADE.2019.3913","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen El objetivo de esta investigacion es proponer una nueva contabilidad energetica que permita valorar aquellas medidas de rehabilitacion mas adecuadas en bloques de viviendas considerando diversos factores de confort, energeticos, economicos, sociales y medioambientales. El caso de estudio es un edificio residencial en bloque de 30 viviendas, construido durante en 1960 en Espana, habitado por familias de rentas bajas. Las caracteristicas de la envolvente son representativas del parque edificado, con fachadas de una hoja de ladrillo macizo, carpinterias de aluminio y vidrio sencillo, sin sistemas de aislamiento termico y los puentes termicos habituales. El analisis se centra en tres zonas climaticas representativas para severidad climatica de invierno (Leon), verano (Sevilla), e intermedia (Barcelona); definiendo 8 medidas pasivas individuales (sellados, toldos, carpinterias, SATE, fachada y cubierta vegetal) y 12 medidas combinadas con instalaciones (solar termica, bomba de calor, biomasa, aerotermia, condensacion centralizada). Abstract The objective of this research is to propose a new energy accounting that allows assessing the most appropriate rehabilitation measures in housing blocks considering various comfort, energy, economic, social and environmental factors. The case study is a residential block building of 30 houses, built during 1960 in Spain, inhabited by low-income families. The characteristics of the envelope are representative of the built-up park, with facades of a solid brick sheet, aluminum joinery and simple glass, without thermal insulation systems and the usual thermal bridges. The analysis focuses on three representative climatic zones for climatic severity of winter (Leon), summer (Seville), and intermediate (Barcelona); defining 8 passive individual measures (sealed, awnings, carpentry, SATE, facade and green roof) and 12 measures combined with facilities (solar thermal, heat pump, biomass, aerothermy, centralized condensation).","PeriodicalId":296022,"journal":{"name":"Anales de Edificación","volume":"24 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121269813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}