Rehabilitación energética de viviendas en España: confort térmico y efectividad = Energy rehabilitation of homes in Spain: thermal comfort and effectiveness.

Abstract

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigacion es proponer una nueva contabilidad energetica que permita valorar aquellas medidas de rehabilitacion mas adecuadas en bloques de viviendas considerando diversos factores de confort, energeticos, economicos, sociales y medioambientales. El caso de estudio es un edificio residencial en bloque de 30 viviendas, construido durante en 1960 en Espana, habitado por familias de rentas bajas. Las caracteristicas de la envolvente son representativas del parque edificado, con fachadas de una hoja de ladrillo macizo, carpinterias de aluminio y vidrio sencillo, sin sistemas de aislamiento termico y los puentes termicos habituales. El analisis se centra en tres zonas climaticas representativas para severidad climatica de invierno (Leon), verano (Sevilla), e intermedia (Barcelona); definiendo 8 medidas pasivas individuales (sellados, toldos, carpinterias, SATE, fachada y cubierta vegetal) y 12 medidas combinadas con instalaciones (solar termica, bomba de calor, biomasa, aerotermia, condensacion centralizada). Abstract The objective of this research is to propose a new energy accounting that allows assessing the most appropriate rehabilitation measures in housing blocks considering various comfort, energy, economic, social and environmental factors. The case study is a residential block building of 30 houses, built during 1960 in Spain, inhabited by low-income families. The characteristics of the envelope are representative of the built-up park, with facades of a solid brick sheet, aluminum joinery and simple glass, without thermal insulation systems and the usual thermal bridges. The analysis focuses on three representative climatic zones for climatic severity of winter (Leon), summer (Seville), and intermediate (Barcelona); defining 8 passive individual measures (sealed, awnings, carpentry, SATE, facade and green roof) and 12 measures combined with facilities (solar thermal, heat pump, biomass, aerothermy, centralized condensation).