Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)最新文献

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Decoupling effect of stepped mesa structures on spurious vibrations of AT-cut quartz plates 阶梯式平台结构对at切割石英板杂散振动的解耦效应
S. Goka, H. Sekimoto, Y. Watanabe
{"title":"Decoupling effect of stepped mesa structures on spurious vibrations of AT-cut quartz plates","authors":"S. Goka, H. Sekimoto, Y. Watanabe","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887388","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the theoretical analysis and experimental results of the stepped bi-mesa structures effect on the coupling of vibrations in AT-cut quartz plates. Since strong couplings of thickness-flexure modes are of interest, straight-crested waves propagating along the X-axis are treated. Results estimated from the mode chart of the stepped bi-mesa structure indicate that the coupling strength should decrease to about one-third that of a bi-mesa resonator. Experimental results agreed well with calculated results. Therefore it should be possible to further improve the characteristics of bi-mesa structures by using a stepped bi-mesa structure. Stepped plano-mesa structures are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125552878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Piezoelectric, dielectric and elastic properties of germanium dioxide single crystals 二氧化锗单晶的压电、介电和弹性特性
Y. Pisarevsky, O.Yu. Silvestrova, E. Phillippot, D. Balitsky, D.Yu. Pisharovsky, V. Balitsky
{"title":"Piezoelectric, dielectric and elastic properties of germanium dioxide single crystals","authors":"Y. Pisarevsky, O.Yu. Silvestrova, E. Phillippot, D. Balitsky, D.Yu. Pisharovsky, V. Balitsky","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887349","url":null,"abstract":"/spl alpha/-GeO/sub 2/ crystals were grown and their piezoelectric, dielectric and elastic properties were studied. The crystals have higher piezoelectric constants than most other quartz-like materials. The thickness shear modes have temperature compensated cut near Y-cut. Some electromechanical parameters predicted by correlation with quartz-like crystal structure are suggested.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"259 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123077009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Implications of in-plane stretch and thickness compression coupled to flexure on the lower bound of BAW acceleration sensitivity 面内拉伸和厚度压缩与弯曲耦合对BAW加速度灵敏度下界的影响
J. Kosinski, R. A. Pastore, Jia-shi Yang
{"title":"Implications of in-plane stretch and thickness compression coupled to flexure on the lower bound of BAW acceleration sensitivity","authors":"J. Kosinski, R. A. Pastore, Jia-shi Yang","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887379","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that the acceleration-induced frequency shift vanishes for an ideal, symmetrically mounted bulk acoustic wave resonator subjected to certain types of deformations. We show here that the acceleration-induced frequency shift does not vanish and is not insignificant for certain deformations previously unconsidered.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"331 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123101382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Application of novel sensor electronics for quartz resonators in artificial tongue 新型传感电子学在石英谐振器人工舌中的应用
P. Hauptmann, R. Borngraeber, J. Schroeder, J. Auge
{"title":"Application of novel sensor electronics for quartz resonators in artificial tongue","authors":"P. Hauptmann, R. Borngraeber, J. Schroeder, J. Auge","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887337","url":null,"abstract":"Many applications in environmental analysis, chemical or food industry require special sensors for qualitative and/or quantitative detection of substances in gaseous atmosphere or liquids. Sometimes the measuring task is a distinction of different typical odours or flavours of a complex medium. For that an electronic nose or tongue emulating the human sense organs could be useful in future. The performance of such devices is determined by sensor characteristics such as sensitivity, selectivity or long term stability and a powerful data acquisition and evaluation. An electronic tongue consisting of quartz crystal microbalance sensors is presented in this paper. The newly developed sensor electronics determine additional sensor parameters in comparison to the normally used resonance frequency. These parameters help to distinguish between gravimetric and non-gravimetric effects. Furthermore the additional information content gives better results of pattern recognition using sensor arrays for analyte detection.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127932133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
A new class of ordered langasite structure compounds 一类新的有序菱叶石结构化合物
B. Chai, A. Bustamante, M. Chou
{"title":"A new class of ordered langasite structure compounds","authors":"B. Chai, A. Bustamante, M. Chou","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887346","url":null,"abstract":"Langasite (LGS) and its isomorphs are only a few piezoelectric crystals which have the unique temperature compensation property. But most of the known langasite structure compounds are disordered. Disorder causes higher acoustic losses and also nonuniform mechanical properties. We reported a new class of langasite isomorph which has all the cations totally ordered. They are CNGS (Ca/sub 3/NbGa/sub 3/Si/sub 2/O/sub 14/), CTGS (Ca/sub 3/TaGa/sub 3/Si/sub 2/O/sub 14/), SNGS (Sr/sub 3/NbGa/sub 3/Si/sub 2/O/sub 14/) and STGS (Sr/sub 3/TaGa/sub 3/Si/sub 2/O/sub 14/). They all melt congruently. High quality single crystals were produced by Czochralski melt pulling technique. They have the advantages of low Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ content, high acoustic velocity and low acoustic loss.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133469536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 42
The relativistic red shift with 2/spl times/10/sup -17/ uncertainty at NIST, Boulder, Colorado, USA 美国科罗拉多州博尔德NIST的2/spl × 10/sup -17/不确定度相对论红移
N. Pavlis, M. Weiss
{"title":"The relativistic red shift with 2/spl times/10/sup -17/ uncertainty at NIST, Boulder, Colorado, USA","authors":"N. Pavlis, M. Weiss","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887429","url":null,"abstract":"We have estimated the relativistic red shift correction due to gravity, necessary to reference to the geoid the measurements of the new cesium fountain frequency standard at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Boulder, Colorado, USA. The frequency correction due to the red shift is given by /spl Delta/f/f=(W/sub p/-W/sub o/)/c/sup 2/, where c is the speed of light, W/sub p/ the gravity potential at the location of the cesium fountain and W, the gravity potential on the geoid. We have computed the geopotential number C=W/sub o/-W/sub p/ in three ways: (1) Based on the global gravitational model EGM96. (2) Based on the regional, high-resolution geoid model G96SSS. (3) Based on the value provided in the National Geodetic Survey's data sheet for the NIST reference marker. We have estimated the offsets between the reference surfaces associated with each of the above three values of C. After referencing the three C values to a geoid surface defined with respect to the current best estimate of an \"ideal\" mean-Earth ellipsoid, the three computations of C gave the following /spl Delta/f/f results: (1) -1797.83/spl times/10/sup -16/, (2) -1798.94/spl times/10/sup -16/ and (3) -1798.91/spl times/10/sup -16/. The minus sign implies that the cesium fountain runs faster in the laboratory in Boulder than a standard clock located on the geoid.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131818604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Novel technique for dual-mode quartz oscillators 双模石英振荡器的新技术
D. Tsarapkin
{"title":"Novel technique for dual-mode quartz oscillators","authors":"D. Tsarapkin","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887394","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a novel concept in the design of dual-mode quartz crystal oscillators that are widely used in sources with improved frequency stability. The suggested scheme incorporates a single feedback loop comprising a sustaining amplifier with a triangular amplitude characteristic loaded on a pass filter with two low-Q resonant frequencies followed by a quartz network. The feedback is positive for one mode and negative for another. As a result, the oscillator is capable of providing essentially different harmonics as two simultaneous oscillations can occur only when the magnitude of the chosen \"positive\" mode becomes high enough.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"302 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134396259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Extended Christoffel-Bechmann elastic wave formalism for piezoelectric, dielectric media 压电介质的扩展Christoffel-Bechmann弹性波形式
A. Ballato
{"title":"Extended Christoffel-Bechmann elastic wave formalism for piezoelectric, dielectric media","authors":"A. Ballato","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887378","url":null,"abstract":"Christoffel's efficient method of determining acoustic plane wave speeds for arbitrary propagation directions in a dielectric crystal was extended to piezoelectric media by Bechmann. The C-B method is outlined, and extended further to the case of lateral excitation.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131494234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 46
Continuous satellite two-way time transfer using commercial modems 使用商用调制解调器的连续卫星双向时间传输
T. Celano, S. Francis, G. A. Gifford
{"title":"Continuous satellite two-way time transfer using commercial modems","authors":"T. Celano, S. Francis, G. A. Gifford","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887423","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite two-way time transfer has traditionally been used as a periodic measurement of the offset between two clocks. It is often used as a secondary measurement to GPS or a sole means of time recovery with performance that is superior to GPS time transfer. In this paper, we propose a continuous two-way system based on commercial modems where the two-way time transfer is performed in the background of normal data transfer. The intent of such a system is to provide a cost effective means to achieve high accuracy two-way time transfer in the background of an active data channel. The timing functionality is buried in the administrative portion of the communications channel and thus is provided as a byproduct of data transfer. This provides lower cost, lower bandwidth options for users who require sub-nanosecond time transfer between sites. It also provides a continuous record of clock differences with no impact on data transmission for users who have access to a data communications link. This paper begins with a review of the concept of two-way time transfer and time based communications and presents the requirements for implementing two-way systems over a communications channel. The requirements are then satisfied with commercial modems using two examples: an internal implementation and an external implementation. Data is presented for each case and tradeoffs are discussed.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131591648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Analysis of thickness modes of contoured, doubly-rotated quartz resonators 轮廓型双旋转石英谐振器的厚度模式分析
E. P. Eernisse
{"title":"Analysis of thickness modes of contoured, doubly-rotated quartz resonators","authors":"E. P. Eernisse","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887377","url":null,"abstract":"It is shown that the theoretical development of D.S. Stevens and H.F. Tiersten (1986) can be used for calculating all three mode families of a doubly-rotated, contoured quartz resonator. Their approach uses a transformation of the mechanical displacement vector to the eigenvector triad of the pure thickness solution. The solution methodology here reorganizes the transformation matrix Q in their formulation to calculate the other two mode families. Calculations compare well with experimental results for the three mode families of an SC-cut crystal and an FC-cut crystal and with published calculations for the SBTC-cut mode family with major displacement along the x/sub 3/ blank axis. The key constants for the SC-cut are presented for workers to use in the future.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132923862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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