Construction and Building Materials最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the effect of polyoxymethylene fiber on concrete toughness and self-sensing capability of concrete cracking under bending","authors":"Yining Ding ,&nbsp;Wei Guo ,&nbsp;Dongsheng Li ,&nbsp;F. Pacheco-Torgal","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.138933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.138933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the possibilities of the structural use of macro polyoxymethylene (POM) fibers in concrete and investigates the toughness and self-sensing performance to crack opening in POM fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) under bending. The residual flexural strengths of POM FRC are compared with macro polypropylene (PP) FRC with the same size and dosage of PP fiber. Macro steel fibers and nano carbon powder are employed as both conductive and structural materials to realize the self-sensing capabilities for monitoring crack development and to increase the toughness in POM FRC under bending. The results show that the addition of POM fibers significantly enhances the post-cracking toughness of concrete. Furthermore, the hybrid use of macro POM fibers and steel fibers exhibits a positive synergetic effect on the residual flexural strengths of concrete; even the mixed use with low dosages of various macro fibers may cause deflection hardening and multiple cracks are observed. The addition of nano carbon powder increases the slope of fractional change in resistance (FCR) of concrete beams. The FCR and CMOD for single cracking beams show an almost linear relationship, while the FCR and CMOD for multiple cracking beams follow a first-order exponential relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 138933"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing carbonation efficiency and mechanical properties of low-calcium cementitious materials with MgSO4 addition","authors":"Lei Yang ,&nbsp;Zhuo Liu ,&nbsp;Pengjie Rong ,&nbsp;Shuqiong Luo ,&nbsp;Xuemao Guan ,&nbsp;Jianping Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiangming Zhou ,&nbsp;Songhui Liu ,&nbsp;Genshen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effects of magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) addition on the carbonation efficiency and mechanical properties of low-calcium CO₂-sequestering cementitious material (LCC), which is prepared by calcining a mixture of 78.2% limestone and 21.8% sandstone at 1275 °C for 2 h. LCC samples were prepared with varying concentrations of MgSO₄ solution (0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mol/L) and subjected to CO₂ curing for 24 h. The carbonation behavior, compressive strength, and microstructural characteristics were examined using XRD, TGA, FT-IR, SEM, and LF NMR techniques in combination. Results demonstrate that the addition of MgSO₄ significantly influences the carbonation process and mechanical performance of LCC. Optimum performance was achieved after subjecting the paste prepared with LCC at a concentration of 0.5 mol/L MgSO₄ to a carbonation period lasting 24 h. This resulted in a notable increase in compressive strength by approximately 28% (145 MPa) compared to control samples along with an observed enhancement in CO₂ uptake by around 4%. Microstructural analysis reveals that the inclusion of MgSO₄ promoted the formation of more stable carbonate phases such as Mg-calcite and vaterite while also enhancing silica gel polymerization within the matrix structure of LCC materials. Additionally, it was found excessive concentrations (&gt;1 mol/L) of MgSO₄ led to decreased carbonation efficiency and reduced strength due to gypsum formation as well as limited pore water availability. This study provides valuable insights into optimizing the carbonation process of LCC materials while demonstrating the potential efficacy of MgSO₄ as an effective additive for enhancing the performance of low-carbon CO₂-sequestering cementitious materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139148"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of flexible lightweight EPDM/PW energy storage foams with low thermal conductivity by supercritical CO2","authors":"Shaokang Song,&nbsp;Zhen Yu,&nbsp;Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Shibao Wen,&nbsp;Yingjie Zhao,&nbsp;Zhen Xiu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase change materials (PCMs) can absorb and release significant amount of latent heat, making them highly promising for applications in the thermal insulation field. As a common and inexpensive PCMs, solid paraffin wax (PW) has high thermal conductivity but is prone to leak. Therefore, it is of significant to combine it with materials that have low thermal conductivity and good encapsulation properties. Herein, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) was utilized as encapsulation material for PW, and the EPDM/PW foam was prepared using supercritical CO₂. In addition, SiO₂ aerogels were added to improve foaming behavior and reduce thermal conductivity. The results indicated that the EPDM network structure could completely encapsulated the PW, and the phase change foam exhibited a uniform closed-cell structure with a minimum density of 0.05 g/cm³. The addition of SiO₂ aerogel reduced the thermal conductivity to 0.046 W/(m·K). Simultaneously, the heating and cooling rates of the phase change foam were monitored using an infrared imager. Compared to EPDM foam, the time required to heat to 52 °C increased by 450 s, the surface temperature decreased by 3 °C at constant temperature, and the time to cool down to 20 °C increased by 900 s. These results indicate that the foam possesses good thermal insulation and energy storage properties. Therefore, the EPDM/PW phase change foam has promising applications in pipeline insulation, building exterior wall, etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139042"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical, microstructural and durable characteristics of foam concrete ceramic mixes exposed to H2SO4 and HCl solution","authors":"Rohit Rodhia ,&nbsp;Surya Kant Sahdeo ,&nbsp;Brind Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The soaring quantity of solid garbage resulting from fast population expansion requires immediate sustainable waste management strategies. A viable strategy is to reutilise solid waste products as alternative resources in construction, thereby preserving limited raw materials. The study evaluates the prospects of substituting ceramic waste tile powder (CWTP) partially for cement in foam concrete (FC) to improve environmental sustainability while satisfying essential concrete performance criteria. The study investigates the composition, morphology, and pozzolanic activity of CWTP, together with its impact on the mechanical, microstructural, and durability characteristics of FC. CWTP replaced cement at 10 %, 30 %, 50 %, 70 %, and 90 %, and its effects on compressive, flexural, tensile strengths, porosity, and water absorption were evaluated over time. This study tackles several of significant challenges, including how to integrate waste materials—which frequently degrade performance—while maintaining strength and durability of Foam Concrete. Significant findings indicate that substituting up to 50 % of cement with CWTP yields mechanical qualities that conform to ACI 523 R 2014 criteria, while simultaneously enhancing durability, including improved resistance to sulphates, chlorides, and abrasion. Microstructural study by SEM and XRD validated the advantageous pozzolanic response of CWTP, especially during the later phases of curing. This study presents a new durability index (DI) for evaluating FC mixtures in harsh environments, determining that 50 % CWTP substitution maximises both strength and durability. The results highlight the promise of CWTP as a sustainable substitute for cement, providing environmental advantages and technological viability in foam concrete applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139080"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of alkaline activation on coal gasification slag–MSWI FA based binder and its associated hydration mechanism","authors":"Yuhang Liu ,&nbsp;Siqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Wen Ni ,&nbsp;Dongshang Guan ,&nbsp;Xiang Chen ,&nbsp;Tong Zhao ,&nbsp;Zeping Wu ,&nbsp;Yongchao Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid waste binders have been accepted for their eco-friendliness and good mechanical properties. The effect of alkaline activators on binder hydration process is currently a hot research topic in this field. However, there is a lack of systematic summary and analysis on how to utilize the synergistic cooperation among various ions to promote the hydration reaction. This paper designs a scientific system using the chemical composition from gypsum, municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and steel slag, highlighting the differences of alkaline activations on low-hydration coal gasification slag. Results show that replacing 40 % of blast furnace slag with coal gasification slag increases 28-day strength to 34.86 MPa and 31.00 MPa with 5 % Ca(OH)₂ and 15 % steel slag, respectively, representing gains of 51.4 % and 34.7 %. Conversely, NaOH addition results in a 28-day strength of less than 10.00 MPa, with a 60.9 % decrease at 90 days. The reasons for the heavy weakening (57 %) and enhancement (51 %) of strength are then discussed, summarising the notable differences in alkali cations, hydration mechanism and heavy metal curing mechanism. Finally, a sodium-rich C–N–S–H gel model was constructed with considering the microstructure, hydration products, and temperature. It is expected that this paper can provide a reference for the prospective study of alkaline activation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139112"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ 4D CT scanning and digital volume correlation for 3D kinematic field analysis in high-toughness recycled aggregate concrete","authors":"Changqing Wang ,&nbsp;Zhicheng Du ,&nbsp;Zhiyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Youchao Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhiming Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the field of green building materials, the development of high-toughness recycled aggregate concrete (HTRAC) is crucial for sustainable construction. This study employs in-situ 4D CT technology to observe the meso-structural changes in HTRAC under uniaxial loading, with a focus on the spatial distribution of pores and fibers, as well as the formation and evolution of cracks. Additionally, digital volume correlation (DVC) is utilized to visually analyze the internal strain environment. The results demonstrate the material's heterogeneity and its localized effects on stress/strain distribution, revealing significant differences in crack morphology and strain distribution between recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) interfaces and fiber regions. The inclusion of microsteel fibers enhances crack resistance and toughness, resulting in an increase of the toughness index by 114 %, effectively dispersing stress and impeding crack propagation, thereby improving the material's overall structural performance. A damage evolution model, derived from strain statistical analysis during the HTRAC failure process, offers theoretical and technical support for the design and application of HTRAC in construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139075"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing iron tailings as supplementary cementitious materials in Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3): An innovative approach towards sustainable construction","authors":"Baifa Zhang ,&nbsp;Faheem Muhammad ,&nbsp;Ting Yu ,&nbsp;Mohammad Fahimizadeh ,&nbsp;Muhammad Arshad Shehzad Hassan ,&nbsp;Jingkang Liang ,&nbsp;Xun'an Ning ,&nbsp;Peng Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for sustainable construction materials has led to the exploration of iron tailings (ITs) as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC³). This study investigates the effects of varying ITs content in LC³ on compressive strength, microstructure, and environmental impact. Replacing 28 % of LC³ with ITs resulted in a 42 MPa compressive strength after 28 days, comparable to ordinary Portland cement (OPC), while reducing OPC content by 50 %. Microstructural analysis revealed that ITs contributed to the formation of additional C-(A)-S-H gel, enhancing the mechanical properties of the cement matrix. The findings also showed that concentrations of Zn (0.003–0.094 mg/L), Pb (0.002–0.090 mg/L), Cu (0.005–0.018 mg/L), Mn (0.115–0.712 mg/L), Ni (0.011–0.021 mg/L) in the leachates of LC³ containing ITs were below the critical limits for surface water and groundwater. Moreover, the life cycle assessment (LCA) demonstrated significant reductions in global warming potential (43.6 %), energy consumption (37.2 %), and cost (35.5 %). This study provides an innovative solution for waste utilization and environmentally friendly cement production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139111"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-time monitoring of static elastic modulus evolution in hardening concrete through longitudinal-wave velocity changes retrieved by the stretching technique","authors":"Hao Cheng ,&nbsp;Minfei Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring of gradual increase in elastic modulus of concrete over time is crucial for designing structures exposed to early age loading and predicting long-term deformations, such as creep. Two primary methods are used to assess elastic modulus: the static method, involving compression tests, and the dynamic method, utilizing approaches like EMM-ARM (E-modulus Measurement through Ambient Response Method), impact-echo, and ultrasonic approach. The static method, although destructive, yields the static or secant modulus, directly applicable for structural design. However, it cannot be utilized to track changes in elastic modulus within the existing structure caused by factors such as hydration, freeze-thaw, or chemical attack. In contrast, the non-destructive dynamic method can monitor these changes in the existing structure. Yet, the elastic modulus obtained through this method, known as the dynamic elastic modulus, represents the initial tangent modulus and is generally higher than the static modulus. To estimate the static elastic modulus through the non-destructive ultrasonic approach, we propose a new signal processing technique using direct wave interferometry (DWI) in this study. To validate the elastic modulus estimated through this technique, embeddable ultrasonic sensors are installed in the specimen within the temperature stress testing machine (TSTM). The experimental results show that the elastic modulus derived from the newly proposed DWI-based ultrasonic approach consistently provides more accurate estimates of the static elastic modulus compared to the UPV-based dynamic elastic modulus. The relative errors between the DWI-based and compression test-based elastic moduli on 7-day is 2.6 %. This approach also enables the tracking of static elastic modulus changes due to freeze-thaw cycles or chemical attacks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139086"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D printed high–strength polyimide aerogel metamaterials for sound absorption and thermal insulation","authors":"Yan Gui ,&nbsp;Zhifang Fei ,&nbsp;Shuang Zhao,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang,&nbsp;Jun Chen,&nbsp;Kunfeng Li,&nbsp;Zichun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structural manufacturing of high–performance polyimide (PI) aerogels is challenging because of the insufficient mechanical strength and rheological properties of sol–gel ink, and PI aerogels have limited application. In this study, a PI aerogel–based Helmholtz resonator (PIHM) and its acoustic metamaterial were innovatively constructed using freeze casting–assisted extrusion printing process and building block–assembly strategy, featuring a micro–perforated panel (MPP) sound–absorbing structure. The PIHM with a density of 0.294 g·cm⁻³ achieved a compressive strength of 10.2 MPa because of its periodically distributed honeycomb topology. Moreover, the PIHM not only retained the lightweight and thermal insulation characteristics of aerogels but also exhibited excellent sound–absorption performance because of the dual dissipation of sound waves by the MPP structure and PI aerogel framework. By serially connecting PIHMs with different aerogel pore sizes and leveraging the distinct acoustic properties of the layered structure along with the significant increase in relative mass resistance and acoustic impedance, the acoustic metamaterial achieved absorption coefficient peaks of 0.82–0.91 at 622–726 Hz, considerably widening the bandwidth with an absorption coefficient greater than 0.8. Finally, the composite sound–absorbing panel fabricated from a PIHM combined with common building materials demonstrated strong practicability and versatility. This research has pioneered a viable method for manufacturing PI aerogels with functional structures through 3D printing, expanding their application in the field of sound absorption and thermal insulation, and paving the way for the study of aerogel metamaterials in construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139145"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field exposure experiments on the influence of low air pressure environment on the air-void structure of air-entrained concrete and its deterioration mechanism","authors":"Chaohua Jiang ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Youling Ouyang ,&nbsp;Weitai Cai ,&nbsp;Wenxun Qian ,&nbsp;Limin Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Field exposure experiments were conducted in Nanjing (101.2 kPa) and Lhasa (65.3 kPa) to comparatively analyze the performance of polyether-based air-entraining agent (AEA-P) and rosin-based air-entraining agent (AEA-R) in low air pressure (LAP) environments. The effects of LAP environments on the air-void structure and pore structure of air-entrained concrete (AEC) with 3 %, 5 %, and 7 % air content were studied using the air-void parameter testing and NMR. Finally, the relative dynamic elastic modulus change of the AEC was investigated in relation to freeze-thaw resistance tests. The results indicate that the bubble stability of the AEA-P is superior to that of the AEA-R. The initial bubble diameter of the AEA-P under LAP conditions is 8–12 % smaller than that of the AEA-R. After 15 minutes of standing, the bubble diameter of the AEA-P is nearly half that of the AEA-R. LAP significantly deteriorates the air-void structure of AEC. These effects are primarily manifested as a reduction in the proportion of air-voids smaller than 200 μm and an increase in the proportion of air-voids larger than 200 μm. Compared to NAP, the proportions of air-voids smaller than 200 μm decreased by 3.8 %, 5.8 %, and 10.2 %, while the proportions of air-voids larger than 200 μm increased by 2.5 %, 3.0 %, and 4.6 % for the three different AEA dosages in LAP. Additionally, LAP reduces the specific surface area of the air-voids, increases the average air-void diameter, and reduces the number of air-voids. Consequently, the air-void spacing factor increases by 23–35 μm compared to normal air pressure (NAP), with the variation ranging from 12.5 % to 28.5 %. Regardless of whether the AEC was molded under LAP or NAP, the total porosity increased with higher air content. Additionally, the number of capillary pores larger than 200 nm was higher in concrete molded under LAP conditions. Under the same air content, the frost resistance of AEC molded in LAP is inferior to that of AEC molded under NAP, after 300 freeze-thaw cycles, the relative dynamic elastic modulus of the AEC decreased by 2.4 %, 3.1 %, and 4.8 % for the different air content levels, respectively. This study offers valuable insights into the freeze-thaw damage mechanisms of concrete in high-altitude cold environments. It also provides measures to enhance the frost-resistant durability of concrete in plateau areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139067"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}