Construction and Building Materials最新文献

{"title":"Cross-layer context boundary guided network for crack segmentation","authors":"Hang Sun ,&nbsp;Tianyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Mei Yu ,&nbsp;Shun Ren ,&nbsp;Dong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers have been extensively investigated for concrete crack segmentation, achieving remarkable performance. However, most CNN-Transformer-based crack segmentation methods overlook the exploration of contextual relationships between adjacent layers, which are critical for enhancing crack perception. Moreover, current algorithms fail to fully exploit the physical characteristics of cracks (e.g., geometric shape and boundary correlations), leading to reduced segmentation performance on low-contrast boundaries. To address these issues, we propose a Cross-Layer Context Boundary Guided Network (CCBG-Net) for Crack Segmentation. Specifically, a Bidirectional Cross-layer Context-aware (BCCA) module is introduced, which extracts multi-scale features from adjacent layers and performs bidirectional feature fusion with the current layer to obtain the contextual relationships of adjacent layers for enhanced crack feature representation, especially thin cracks. Furthermore, a Boundary-Object-Guided Interaction (BOGI) module is developed to decouple boundary information and guide crack features through global-channel interaction to optimize boundary contours, providing discrimination ability for crack boundaries. Experimental results on several challenging benchmark datasets demonstrate that our CCBG-Net outperforms state-of-the-art crack segmentation methods. The code is available at <span><span>https://github.com/zty-acc/CCBG-Net</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"498 ","pages":"Article 143975"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"X-ray computed tomography-based direct numerical simulations for hydraulic characterization of pervious concrete","authors":"Milagros Rossler ,&nbsp;Laura Battaglia ,&nbsp;Pablo A. Kler","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydraulic characteristics of pervious concrete, and their correlation with manufacturing parameters such as mixture design and compaction, remain incompletely reported. This gap in current knowledge limits the ability to optimize the material for urban drainage components and other applications. This study addresses this issue by developing a methodology that integrates high-resolution X-ray computed tomography, image processing, and Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) of incompressible water flow and electrical conductivity to determine key hydraulic parameters of pervious concrete. The numerical results enabled the quantification of relevant properties such as porosity, intrinsic permeability, and constriction factor, as well as the identification of prevailing flow regimes and the assessment of non-Darcian behavior. The results were consistent with values reported using more expensive and labor-intensive techniques, thereby validating the proposed approach. This methodology enables future analyses of multiple specimens produced with different manufacturing techniques, paving the way for establishing quantitative correlations between microstructural characteristics and hydraulic performance. This methodology provides a physically consistent and spatially detailed representation of water flow through the complex pore structure of pervious concrete. It offers valuable insights into the microscale hydraulic performance of the material and serves as a robust and reproducible framework for future analyses, design, and optimization of pervious concrete mixtures for urban drainage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"498 ","pages":"Article 143913"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bonding performance between high-performance concrete and normal strength concrete based on splitting-tensile test：Effect of size and substrate surface roughness","authors":"Zhenhao Mao ,&nbsp;Huigang Xiao ,&nbsp;Yiming Lu ,&nbsp;Siyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Min Liu ,&nbsp;Hongwei Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.144025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.144025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study investigates the influence of substrate surface roughness and size effect on the bonding performance of high-performance concrete (HPC) and normal strength concrete (NSC). The bonding performance of the composite specimens was evaluated by splitting tensile strength and DIC technology was employed to monitor crack development. Furthermore, the size effect mechanism of tensile bonding strength considering the influence of surface roughness was revealed combined with microscopic experiments. Results show that the combination of 3D scanning and digital image processing methods enabled a comprehensive evaluation of substrate roughness from both local and overall feature dimensions. The increase in substrate roughness will only significantly improve the repair effectiveness within a certain range. The optimal repair effectiveness can reach up to 194.08 %. Specimens with smooth surface showed single crack propagation path with gradual strain evolution, whereas specimens with rough surfaces exhibited tortuous crack paths with abrupt strain surges. In addition, the size effect of ordinary concrete was dramatically smaller than that of composite specimen. As substrate roughness increased, the size effect of composite specimens first intensified and then weakened. Specifically, the size effect parameters of type B and type C specimens were 2.12 and 1.14 times those of type A specimens, respectively. The substrate roughness influenced the size effect by altering the characteristic structures of the bonding regions. Based on the Weibull statistical size effect theory and Bažant energy size effect theory, the calculation formula for the size effect law parameters of the splitting tensile strength of composite specimens was established.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"498 ","pages":"Article 144025"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An experimental investigation on the mechanical and thermal characteristics of eco-friendly concrete with coconut shell aggregate and coir fiber as reinforcement","authors":"Feng Huang,&nbsp;Jianying He,&nbsp;Dehe Peng,&nbsp;Shihua Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.144012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.144012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coconut shell (CS) and coir fiber (CF) are components of coconut waste abundantly available in subtropical and tropical regions. This study aims to develop eco-friendly concrete by partially replacing coarse aggregate with CS and incorporating CF as reinforcement, while ensuring its mechanical properties are comparable to those of ordinary concrete—with no need for additional cement. To evaluate the effects of CS and CF on the mechanical and thermal properties of concrete, two groups of specimens were prepared: CS0, without CS, and CS10, with CS replacing 10 % of natural gravel (NG) by volume. Each group contained various CF contents ranging from 0 % to 0.32 % by weight of concrete for mechanical and thermal property testing. The results showed that, for both groups, compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength initially increased and then decreased with increasing CF content. However, replacing 10 % NG with CS exerted a negative effect on the mechanical properties of the concrete. The mechanism by which CS and CF influence mechanical properties was revealed through failure zone observations and microscopic analysis. CS failed by separating from the matrix at the concave-side interface, whereas NG failed primarily through fracture of the gravel itself. Additionally, the variations in thermal conductivity with temperature and relative humidity were examined, showing a monotonic increase. For both groups, thermal conductivity decreased with increasing CF content, with an additional 20 % reduction observed in group CS10. The concrete with CS replacing 10 % NG and incorporating 0.24 % CF exhibited mechanical properties comparable to those of ordinary concrete, with a thermal conductivity of 0.4 W/m·K at 20 ℃ in dry state. These findings demonstrate the combined incorporation of CS and CF at appropriate contents can serve as an effective approach for consumption reduction and energy conservation in the construction industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"498 ","pages":"Article 144012"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of carbonation initiation timing on CO2 uptake and mechanical performance of geopolymer made from ternary solid wastes","authors":"Tongyu Sun ,&nbsp;Rongxin Peng ,&nbsp;Yazan Alrefaei ,&nbsp;Xiangping Xian ,&nbsp;Yanshuai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.144033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.144033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utilization of concrete slurry waste (CSW), fly ash (FA), and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) for geopolymer production, integrated with CO₂ sequestration, represents a crucial pathway towards sustainable construction materials. However, the regulatory mechanism of carbonation initiation timing on the performance of ternary solid waste-based geopolymers (TSWGs) remains unclear. This study systematically investigates the evolution of CO₂ uptake and mechanical properties in TSWGs with varying GGBS contents (30–50 %) under different carbonation initiation timings (0–28 days). Multi-scale characterization reveals a critical threshold of 55 % sub-10 nm pores, governing the transition from complete to incomplete carbonation. As GGBS content and initiation timing increase, CO₂ uptake initially rises then declines, while compressive strength progressively increases, indicating a performance trade-off: earlier carbonation enhances CO₂ sequestration (max: 12.7 %), whereas later timing improves strength (max: 78.9 MPa under standard curing). A net CO₂ uptake of 4.68 % was achieved. The findings demonstrate that carbonation initiation timing is a decisive parameter for microstructural control and balancing carbon sequestration with mechanical performance in TSWGs, providing a theoretical basis for designing high-performance, carbon-negative binders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"498 ","pages":"Article 144033"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopic damage and strengthening mechanisms of honeycomb-structured scaffold reinforced cementitious materials: Experimental and numerical investigation","authors":"Gaofang Zhu ,&nbsp;Hongwen Jing ,&nbsp;Boyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Shujian Chen ,&nbsp;Qian Yin ,&nbsp;Evgenii Kozhevnikov ,&nbsp;Mikhail Guzev ,&nbsp;Jiangyu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compressible energy-absorbing materials can reduce the surrounding rock pressure borne by support structures through collapse deformation, providing an effective solution for controlling large deformation hazards in deep tunnels and roadways. In this study, a novel compressible material—honeycomb-structured scaffold reinforced cementitious material (HSRCM)—was developed by integrating a 3D-printed multilayer deformable honeycomb scaffold with a cementitious matrix. The macroscopic and microscopic mechanical properties of HSRCM were investigated through experiments and discrete element simulations, revealing the reinforcement mechanism of the honeycomb scaffold. Results indicate that increasing scaffold volume enhances the initial peak load and strain-hardening behavior, while significantly improving energy absorption capacity by 131–175 %. Digital image correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between global strain rate and scaffold volume. Finally, a discrete element model of HSRCM was constructed to validate the skeletal reinforcement effect of the honeycomb scaffold and to clarify the load-bearing interactions among the matrix, scaffold, and interface under compressive loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"498 ","pages":"Article 143926"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic mechanical properties degradation model of cement- emulsified asphalt paste under calcium leaching","authors":"Lei Fang ,&nbsp;Zihao Zeng ,&nbsp;Qiang Yuan ,&nbsp;Song Xu ,&nbsp;Zhixiang Liu ,&nbsp;Ju Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quantitative prediction of dynamic mechanical degradation in cement-emulsified asphalt (CA) paste under calcium leaching is vital for the long-term safety of high-speed railway ballastless tracks. In this work, the degradation behavior of CA paste under calcium leaching was systematically investigated using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The mathematical relationships between the volume fractions of constituent phases and the dynamic mechanical performance were established through combined theoretical modeling and experimental validation. The results indicate that the modified Nielsen model and Ramakrishnan model can accurately predict the storage modulus of CA paste with high and low asphalt–cement (A/C) ratio, respectively, with prediction accuracy exceeding 90 %. In addition, a modified K. Ziegel equation was proposed to estimate the loss factor by incorporating the coupled effects of temperature, porosity, and phase composition, with prediction accuracy about 92 %. The increase in porosity induced by calcium leaching was found to follow Fick’s first law, and the integration of this law into the proposed framework enables effective simulation of the evolution of dynamic mechanical performance under leaching conditions, with overall accuracy above 80 %. This work provides a quantitative framework for assessing the degradation of CA paste at the material scale, offering important insights for service life prediction of ballastless track structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"498 ","pages":"Article 143991"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence mechanism of ammoniated modified binary composite cement on thermal properties of PEG and optimization of thermal properties","authors":"Huanle Wang,&nbsp;Guochen Sang,&nbsp;Saihao Zhou,&nbsp;Shijie Bai,&nbsp;Xiaoling Cui,&nbsp;Zhixuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.144021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.144021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preparing self-encapsulated cement-based energy storage materials (CCPCM) by combining water-soluble phase change materials with cement is an effective approach to functionalizing cement-based materials for energy storage. However, because of the pore structure and surface polarity characteristics of cement stone pores, the loss of thermal properties of PCM is serious. In this study, a silane coupling agent (APTES) was used to ammoniate the cement base, resulting in a significant enhancement of the thermal properties of the prepared polyethylene glycol (PEG)/ordinary silicate-sulfoaluminate cement (OPC-CSA) phase change composite. The influence of chemical modification on the thermal properties of the phase change composite (APTES-CCPCM) was investigated from the perspective of phase change kinetics. The results show that the latent heat of APTES-CCPCM increased by 67 % compared to the control sample (A0). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests revealed that APTES-CCPCM exhibited a shorter half-crystallization time, lower activation energy, and faster crystallization rate during the non-isothermal crystallization process. Specifically, the half-crystallization time (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mo>/</mo><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mrow></msub></math></span>) was reduced by 72 %, the apparent activation energy (<span><math><mrow><mo>△</mo><msub><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) decreased by 28 %, and the crystallization rate (<span><math><mi>υ</mi></math></span>) increased by 76 %. Additionally, when the PEG content reached 70 wt%, APTES-CCPCM showed no leakage, demonstrating that the addition of APTES achieved a dual optimization of thermal performance and impermeability. Moreover, APTES-CCPCM demonstrated excellent chemical compatibility, and the cement matrix's original mesoporous structure and PEG's ordered crystallization were not greatly affected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"498 ","pages":"Article 144021"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical and practical fusion investigation for the intelligent real-time control technology of pavement fracturing recycling","authors":"Mohan Zhao ,&nbsp;Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Chaofan Wu ,&nbsp;Yulin He ,&nbsp;Xinnan Xu ,&nbsp;Zhen Leng","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional methods for evaluating pavement fracturing afford limited spatial coverage and provide little support for process control. This study develops a real-time, full-coverage assessment by extracting per-blow impact indices from falling-weight acceleration during free-fall impacts and embedding them in an integrated, closed-loop workflow. The methodology derives impact indices from the measured acceleration waveform, establishes their mechanics via a Hertz impact model, employs a DEM–FDM representation that accounts for layered pavement characteristics to simulate falling weight–pavement interaction, and uses an instrumented falling weight with wireless cloud telemetry for on-site threshold calibration, per-blow classification into under-fractured, acceptable, and over-fractured states, and immediate targeted secondary treatments. The results show that the Hertz formulation links impact acceleration to structural response and that the influence of Poisson’s ratio is negligible, yielding a single-valued mapping from impact acceleration to composite modulus. Simulations demonstrate the theoretical feasibility of using the impact indices to evaluate fracturing effectiveness, with <em>R</em>² not less than 0.86 relative to mechanical response. In field application on a control section of China National Highway G329, identification accuracies reached 69.2 %-92.3 %; target-deflection compliance increased from 85 % after initial microcracking to 99 % after secondary remediation through supplemental impacts or grouting, and modulus uniformity improved by 14 % under closed-loop operation. In conclusion, real-time impact indices effectively evaluate fracturing quality. Furthermore, they lay the foundation for the automation and intelligent upgrading of fracturing equipment and on-site process control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"498 ","pages":"Article 143999"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic carbonation reaction mechanism of steel slag-magnesium slag","authors":"Weiyi Yuan ,&nbsp;Gaoyin Zhang ,&nbsp;Laibao Liu ,&nbsp;Weilong Wang ,&nbsp;Kuiwen Gong ,&nbsp;Xu Luo ,&nbsp;Tao Gu ,&nbsp;Lihua Zhang ,&nbsp;Feng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.144015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.144015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbonatable cementitious materials convert industrial waste gases into stable carbonates via CO₂ mineralization technology, thereby significantly reducing carbon emissions in the construction industry. Magnesium slag (MS) and steel slag (SS) exhibit strong carbonation reactivity owing to their high contents of CaO, SiO₂, and other oxides. However, the interlacing and encapsulation effects of carbonation-hydration products inhibit the carbonation reaction. In this paper, the suspension carbonization method is used to improve the carbon fixation efficiency of the material, and the synergistic carbonization efficiency and reaction mechanism of MS and SS under the condition of suspension carbonization are explored. The results indicate that the CO₂ adsorption rates of MS and SS under synergistic carbonation reach 5 % within 5 min, achieving a carbonation degree of 7 %. XRD and TG analyses indicate that with minor SS addition, Mg^2 + incorporates into calcite by substituting Ca²⁺, forming a magnesian calcite (CaMg(CO₃)₂) structure. However, this phenomenon is suppressed with increasing SS content. SEM results demonstrate that the amorphous phases coating MS and SS surfaces mainly consist of: (i) Si-gel phases derived from SiO₂ in the system and (ii) incompletely nucleated amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) phases. However, these amorphous coatings inhibit Mg²⁺ leaching.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"498 ","pages":"Article 144015"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}