Construction and Building Materials最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of bio consortium on the strength and durability of self-healing concrete under elevated temperatures","authors":"Priya S. Nair ,&nbsp;Rajesh Gupta ,&nbsp;Vinay Agrawal ,&nbsp;Prakash Somani ,&nbsp;Blessen Skariah Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the potential of consortium self-healing concrete integrated with wollastonite mineral to improve fire resistance and thermal resilience in construction materials. Experimental analyses were conducted to examine the effects of elevated temperatures on the compressive strength, weight loss, colour and spalling, acid and sulphate effect, water absorption and sorptivity, UPV, Self-healing application, and spores’ viability were carried out for varying water-to-binder (w/b) ratios. Specimens were subjected to a temperature ranging from 200 °C to 1000 °C, and results indicated a residual weight loss of less than 5 % across all w/b ratios. The residual compressive strength at 1000 ºC, demonstrates a drastic strength loss of 54.24 %, 48.47 % and 43.21 % for 0.45 H10, 0.4 H10 and 0.35 H15. The higher consortium samples retain the strength than lower across all elevated temperature ranges. Water absorption decreased significantly between 200 °C and 800 °C due to the evaporation of bound water, leading to a densification of the microstructure, at 1000 °C absorption was sharply increased. Minimal strength degradation was observed in post-heated samples exposed to acidic and sulphate environments. At 800 °C, an increase in secondary sorptivity was noted, attributable to the formation of interconnected cracks. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) data classified the specimens as excellent within the 200 °C to 600 °C range, although significant variations in pulse velocity were detected at higher temperatures (800 °C to 1000 °C). Microbial cultures demonstrated spores’ viability up to 800 °C for both high and low bacterial concentrations, whereas specimens subjected to 1000 °C presented challenges for evaluation and were largely excluded from acid, sulphate and sorptivity analysis. The FTIR spectrum analysis confirms the presence of functional groups such as O-H (indicative of Ca (OH)₂), CO (attributed to CaCO₃), S-O (from C-S-H gel), and Si-O-Si (representing SiO₂) in post-heated consortium concrete samples. The findings underscore the potential of consortium self-healing concrete with wollastonite in mitigating fire hazards and enhancing structural durability under high-temperature conditions. Furthermore, it identifies avenues for future research, including the optimization of bacterial concentrations and the assessment of long-term performance under extreme thermal exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 140399"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue behavior evaluation of two full-scale composite ballastless slab tracks incorporating steel and glass fiber rods","authors":"Mehmet Ali Toprak ,&nbsp;Ahmet Güllü ,&nbsp;Bayezid Özden ,&nbsp;Beyazıt Ölçer ,&nbsp;Yavuz Durgun ,&nbsp;Fatih Şahin ,&nbsp;Hakan Saruhan ,&nbsp;Ercan Yüksel","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Innovations in railway infrastructure, such as ballastless slab tracks, are advancing modern railway transportation. However, these technologies also bring challenges, particularly the risks of corrosion and electrical conductivity associated with the steel bars used in slab tracks and sleepers, which can negatively affect their long-term performance. To address these issues, composite reinforcement materials like glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars, already used in various applications, offer a promising alternative for slab tracks and sleepers. In this experimental comparative study, two full-scale slab track specimens, one reinforced with GFRP bars and the other with steel bars, were tested by following an existing procedure in the literature. The test specimens, measuring 4750 × 2500 × 195 mm, include under-rail pads as well. The testing procedure involved both static and fatigue tests, with specific limits set for maximum system displacement and stiffness variation. During the fatigue tests, each rail of the specimens was subjected to three million loading cycles at a frequency of 7 Hz. The applied testing loads were determined based on the guidelines provided in UIC 713R <span><span>[1]</span></span> and EN 1992-1 <span><span>[2]</span></span>. Subsequently, the fatigue test data were utilized to estimate the fatigue life of each specimen. The results showed that the slab track reinforced with GFRP bars (STGB) exhibited a 37 % longer fatigue life than the steel-reinforced specimen (STSB). Since the STGB met all testing requirements of the deployed testing procedure and demonstrated superior fatigue life, it provides a promising solution to mitigate electrical conductivity and corrosion issues while enhancing the overall life cycle performance of slab tracks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 140456"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piezoresistivity assessment of self-sensing asphalt-based pavements with machine learning algorithm","authors":"Zhizhong Deng,&nbsp;Quang Dieu Nguyen,&nbsp;Aziz Hasan Mahmood,&nbsp;Yu Pang,&nbsp;Tianxing Shi,&nbsp;Daichao Sheng","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to its fast-curing process, asphalt binder has been increasingly used to replace conventional cementitious materials and to produce asphalt-based self-sensing sensors (ASS). The asphalt mixture does not require consideration of curing age, as asphalt-based samples can be cured at room temperature. This is because the asphalt binder transitions from a Newtonian liquid to a solid state upon cooling. The relationship between strain and electrical response is one of the factors that influences the self-sensing performance. In this study, four-electrode method was applied to ASS and 10 V of applied voltage was used to measure the piezoresistivity. The percolation thresholds of ASS, in the range of 0.5–1.0 wt%, was found based on study results. In order to analyse the strain of ASS, digital image correlation (DIC) method was applied, and the cyclic loading process was used to simulate the practical pavement situation. Furthermore, to enable the application of ASS and enhance the efficiency of the self-sensing system, a machine learning approach was applied in this study to establish the relationship between strain changes and the electrical response of ASS. The trained algorithm, exhibiting a high determination coefficient (reached 0.965), can be utilized to predict strain changes in self-sensing sensors based on fractional resistance changes. Artificial intelligence significantly enhanced the application potential of self-sensing sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 140291"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of sewage sludge on passivation and chloride-induced depassivation of reinforcing steels in cement extracts","authors":"Zijian Song ,&nbsp;Tao Ye ,&nbsp;Xincheng Li ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yantao Zhu ,&nbsp;Yingjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunsheng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigated the electrochemical and natural passivation abilities, as well as the chloride-induced corrosion behavior of low-carbon (LC) steel and 304 stainless steel (SS) in extracts from cement mixed with DSS, and incinerated sewage sludge ash at 650°C (ISSA650) and 850°C (ISSA850). The amino acids introduced by DSS could form an adsorption film on the steel surface. Although the amino acids impede the electrochemical passivation of both steels, they promote the natural passivation process of LC steel. The adsorption of silica-aluminum phases, significantly increased by ISSA650 and ISSA850 (especially the latter), acts as a physical barrier against chloride penetration, enhancing the pitting resistance of LC steel. In contrast, their influence on the pitting resistance of 304 SS is minimal due to its lower susceptibility to chloride-induced pitting. Based on these findings, the inhibition mechanisms of both steels were proposed, which may provide guidance for the design of highly durable reinforced concrete structures in marine environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 140419"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of local stiffener for controlling natural frequency of steel plates","authors":"Zhongwei Zhao,&nbsp;Bin Wang,&nbsp;Ni Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural frequency constitutes a critical parameter influencing the dynamic characteristics of structural systems. This study presents a genetic algorithm (GA)-based optimization framework for achieving target vibration frequencies through strategic stiffener layout design in steel plate structures. A parameterized numerical model capable of generating randomly distributed stiffener configurations is developed, incorporating two key design variables: stiffener position coordinates and cross-sectional heights. The proposed methodology integrates finite element analysis with GA to establish optimal stiffener distribution patterns under various boundary conditions. Numerical experiments demonstrate the method's effectiveness in simultaneously satisfying multiple target frequencies beyond the fundamental mode, while maintaining structural feasibility. Particularly noteworthy is the algorithm's capability to handle complex frequency constraints across different support conditions. This research provides practical insights for vibration control design in aging steel structures, offering a systematic approach for performance enhancement through intelligent stiffener configuration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 140413"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the durability of low-alloy rebars in China plateau environment by outdoor exposure and on-site online monitoring","authors":"Tianqi Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaokun Cai ,&nbsp;Yubing Zhong ,&nbsp;Xiaotan Zuo ,&nbsp;Weiyong Yang ,&nbsp;Chao Liu ,&nbsp;Xuequn Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiaogang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study quantitatively evaluates the durability of low-alloy steel bars in the Chinese plateau region through outdoor exposure experiments and on-site monitoring, revealing the dynamic evolution of microalloying elements' effects on corrosion resistance. The addition of Cr and RE promotes localized corrosion to develop laterally, reduces corrosion rates, and significantly enhances overall corrosion resistance, which can be attributed to the improved stability of the rust layer. Both the cumulative electric quantity and F-index indicate that the synergistic effect of Cr and RE surpasses that of Cr alone. A q-value is introduced to assess environmental sensitivity, highlighting Cr's variable behavior across different outdoor conditions. Notably, Cr enhances corrosion resistance primarily in the later stages, while RE quickly stabilizes the rust layer, thereby extending the service life of HRB400 in the plateau region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 140475"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclic stress-strain relation of recycled aggregate concrete under confining pressure","authors":"Zexu Dai ,&nbsp;Xiaobin Hu ,&nbsp;Shaojun Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper focuses on investigating the cyclic stress-strain relation of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) subjected to triaxial compression. Five sets of RAC specimens with various recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) contents were prepared and tested under four levels of confining pressures. Two loading regimes, i.e. monotonic and cyclic loading, were both considered to investigate the mechanical behavior of the RAC under confining pressure. The outcomes indicate that both the RCA content and the confining pressure have impacts on mechanical performance and stress-strain curves of the RAC, while the latter appears more prominent. Additionally, compressive meridian curves of the RAC subjected to triaxial compression are established utilizing well-known failure criterions originally developed for the normal concrete (NC). Furthermore, the plastic-damage constitutive relation is established for the RAC considering the influences of confining pressure and RCA content, which is further verified by the experimental results in this paper and other studies. It demonstrates that the proposed constitutive relation is competent in predicting the stress-strain behavior of RAC under confining pressure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 140402"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of belite-rich cement on the micro/macro properties and sustainability of slag–oyster powder–cement-based ternary materials","authors":"Bo Yang ,&nbsp;Yi Han ,&nbsp;Zhengyi Kong ,&nbsp;Xiao-Yong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Against the backdrop of global urbanization, the production of cement materials continues to increase. The need to meet development needs also raises concerns about environmental pollution. The cement industry is confronting an increasingly serious challenge of reducing carbon emissions. Using supplementary cementitious materials to replace part of the cement is a direct way to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. In this study, ternary blended cement (TBC) was prepared using blast furnace slag (BFS), oyster powder (OSP), and belite-rich cement on the micro/macroscale, and ternary slag–oyster powder–cement-based materials were prepared by partially or completely replacing the Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in TBC with more environmentally belite-rich cement (BRC).The surface resistivity, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), mechanical properties of the hybrid samples were assessed through macroscopic experiments. Microscopic characterization of the samples included heat of hydration, thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Finally, the sustainability of CO₂ emissions per unit volume and strength of the mixed samples was assessed. The results indicate that substituting BRC for OPC can effectively reduce the cumulative hydration heat and surface resistivity of the mixed sample. At 90 d, a BRC substitution ratio of one-third yields the highest compressive strength, while complete replacement results in the lowest compressive strength. BRC substitution decreases the CO₂ emissions per unit volume of the mixed sample. The lowest CO₂ emissions per unit strength occur with a one-third BRC replacement ratio, which is identified as the optimal substitution level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 140460"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wear resistance and skid resistance of 100 % reclaimed asphalt pavement","authors":"Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Wenruo Fan ,&nbsp;Min Chi ,&nbsp;Yutao Li ,&nbsp;Xun Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhoucong Xu ,&nbsp;Shengchuan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the wear resistance and skid resistance of 100 % reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). Asphalt concrete with a normal maximum aggregate size of 13 mm (AC-13), similar gradation and aggregate composition to RAP, served as the control sample. A 1/3 scale accelerated loading abrasion equipment was employed to simulate the wear process. The surface texture and skid resistance of the asphalt mixtures were monitored using a laser scanner, British pendulum tribometer, tyre/pavement contact (TPC) print identification papers, and TPC finite element model (FEM) simulation. Key indicators such as mean deformation degree (<em>MDD</em>), mean texture depth (<em>MTD</em>), micro texture distribution (<em>WL</em>_<em>TX</em>), and wear degree (Structure similarity index measure based on texture depth, <em>SSID</em>) were calculated from texture data to track wear progression. Skid resistance was assessed using British pendulum number (<em>BPN</em>) and TPC areas. Results indicated that RAP exhibited greater deformation magnitudes and higher fluctuation amplitudes in texture compared to AC-13. Both <em>SSID</em> and <em>BPN</em> values of RAP deteriorated more severely, confirming consistent inter-material comparisons for wear and skid resistance. While RAP and AC-13 exhibited comparable initial skid resistance, RAP demonstrated significantly inferior skid resistance, with both materials converging in the final stages of wear. The TPC area and <em>BPN</em> values of RAP followed similar trends, with a notable drop at 800,000 wear cycles, indicating a functional loss node. Improving the wear and skid resistance durability of RAP requires an optimized coarse aggregate composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 140373"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recycled cement use to produce fly ash – based geopolymer binders suitable for ambient curing: Comparison with slag effects","authors":"D. de Klerk ,&nbsp;A. Naghizadeh ,&nbsp;S.O. Ekolu ,&nbsp;M. Welman-Purchase","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an investigation into potential use of recycled ordinary Portland cement waste powder as a supplementary binder material for accelerating the setting times of the fly ash – based geopolymer binder system, thereby enabling strength development under ambient curing. Typically, fly ash – based geopolymer binders exhibit long setting times and accordingly require curing at elevated temperatures for the system to achieve early – age strength development. In this study, recycled cement material was prepared by crushing and milling hardened Portland cement paste. The recycled cement material was then incorporated into fly ash – based geopolymer mortars at proportions of 0–20 % by weight. The performance of recycled cement was compared with that of mixtures containing 20 % or 40 % ground granulated blast – furnace slag. The activator used to prepare geopolymer mixtures, was a binary alkali solution comprising sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. Various mechanical properties were measured including flow workability, setting time at ambient temperature, compressive strength and drying shrinkage. Also measured were pore – related physical properties. Analytical studies were performed using X – ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the optimal proportions of 7.5–10 % recycled ordinary Portland cement, produced ambient – cured mixtures of suitable initial setting time values ranging from 100 to 165 min, along with low drying shrinkage not exceeding 0.50 % and higher 28 – day compressive strength of about 60 MPa, these values being better relative to those of the control fly ash – based geopolymer mortar. Recycled cement was generally more effective than ground granulated blast – furnace slag.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"468 ","pages":"Article 140394"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}