Construction and Building Materials最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the feasibility of using iron powder as a partial replacement for fine aggregates in concrete: An AI-based modeling approach","authors":"M. Harshitha ,&nbsp;U.S. Agrawal ,&nbsp;Sathvik Sharath Chandra ,&nbsp;Rakesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Sakshi Galagali","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The construction industry faces sustainability challenges from urbanization and the depletion of non-renewable resources for conventional fine aggregates. Recycling waste materials as alternative aggregates can reduce environmental impacts. This study explores using iron powder as a partial replacement for fine aggregates in concrete to repurpose waste and reduce disposal costs. While past research has focused on pavements, this study examines iron powder's impact on concrete properties. Concrete mixes were prepared according to BIS guidelines, containing 350 kg/m³, comprising of 250 kg/m³ of cement and 100 kg/m³ of bottom flyash. The study explores using iron powder as a partial replacement for fine aggregates in concrete, aiming to promote sustainability and waste reduction. Concrete mixes were tested with varying levels of iron powder replacement (5 %, 10 %, 15 %). The results indicate that iron powder can enhance the mechanical properties of concrete, with promising potential for replacing conventional fine aggregates. A Random Forest model was developed to predict these properties, aiding in sustainable construction practices by offering a viable approach for recycling industrial waste in concrete production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the shape and size of coarse aggregates by photogrammetry for the design of self-compacting concretes","authors":"Ángel De La Rosa ,&nbsp;José J. Ortega ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geometrical characteristics of coarse aggregates have a direct influence on the rheological properties of self-compacting concretes, with and without fiber reinforcement. In particular, their shape and size are related to their maximum particle packing fraction and their intrinsic viscosity. These parameters intervene in the analytical equation of Krieger and Dougherty, used to obtain the plastic viscosity of fresh concrete as a suspension of particles. However, traditional characterization methods of aggregates have limitations in providing the information necessary to determine them. In this article, photogrammetry is used to define with precision the main particle dimensions of three types of coarse aggregate. It is demonstrated how their morphological characterization can be done by a simple procedure of image processing of the orthophoto of a sample of the aggregates. The provided measurements make it possible to estimate the intrinsic viscosity through the circularity of particles. The results of the size distribution of their minor axis are found to reproduce the granulometric curve of the sieving method. These distributions are used to determine the maximum packing fraction for which, the approximation of different available empirical formulas are also discussed regarding the roundness or angularity of the aggregates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential application of microbial mineralization to achieve self-healing of cracks in cement-based sealing materials","authors":"Benqiang Pang ,&nbsp;Xuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Chenpeng Song ,&nbsp;Qiwei Zhan ,&nbsp;Haitao Zhao ,&nbsp;Yong Liu ,&nbsp;Yafeng Rui","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gas extraction effect is restricted by the weakness of cement-based sealing materials that are prone to cracking, which can easily lead to a sudden drop in gas concentration. Microbial mineralization can achieve self-healing of cracks and is a potential solution. Unfortunately, the physicochemical characteristics of cracks determined by the hydration product system of Portland cement are relatively harsh and not suitable for microorganisms. A new strategy is proposed to regulate the formation of inorganic gel in cracks to reshape the environmental conditions and improve the activity of microorganisms. First, the deposition law of inorganic gel regulated by Ca, Si and Al sources in simulated crack solution was explored. When the Ca:Si:Al ratio is 3:1:5, the solution pH can be reduced to 10.5 and maintained for 24 h, and the volume expansion rate of the deposited gel is 643 %. This is primarily due to the formation of CaAl-LDHs phase gels, as they absorb a large number of H₂O into their molecular structure. Then, microorganisms were cultured and microbial powder was prepared, and the influence of typical ions of cement-based materials on microbial activity was tested. The suitable pH range for microorganisms is 9–10. A concentration of 0.025 mol/200 ml of [SiO₂]aq or 0.03 mol/200 ml of Al(OH)₄^- can increase the solution pH to around 13.0, significantly inhibiting microbial activity. Furthermore, the feasibility of the coexistence of gels and microorganisms in crack solutions was explored. When the Ca:Si:Al ratio is 3:1:5, the proportion of bio-CaCO₃ in the products can reach 31.82 %. Environmental parameters cannot be ignored for microbial mineralization, and the gel pre-deposition method is feasible. The system based on Ca/Si/Al sources and microorganisms has a stronger ability to generate solid phase products. The research results provide a reference for the development of efficient healing agents for sealing materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axial compression mechanical properties of steel-fiber-reinforced alkali slag concrete columns strengthened using carbon fiber-reinforced polymers at high temperatures","authors":"Liang Yin ,&nbsp;Yunhe Li ,&nbsp;Pang Chen ,&nbsp;Hao Cheng ,&nbsp;Long Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkali-activated slag cementitious material (AASCM) is a promising innovation in sustainable building materials, characterized by a low carbon footprint and the effective utilization of solid waste resources. Despite its potential, its reinforcement performance at high temperatures is not sufficiently researched. In this study, the axial compression mechanical properties of 135 steel-fiber-reinforced alkali slag columns, strengthened with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) at high temperatures, are experimentally analyzed. The study explores the influence of steel fiber content, CFRP layers, and high-temperature grade on the failure modes, axial compressive strength, peak compressive strain, and axial compressive constitutive behavior of AASCM specimens. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy analysis is employed to examine the microstructural effects on the axial compression mechanical properties of the specimens. A stress–strain model of CFRP-confined AASCM is established after subjecting the specimens to high temperatures considering the significant characteristics of thermal damage in AASCMs. The study findings provide a theoretical basis for the extended application of AASCM in high-temperature environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of time-dependent elastoplastic stress-accelerated corrosion model and a simplified full-life damage evolution simulation method: Experimental and numerical studies","authors":"Jing Gao ,&nbsp;Xintao Zhang ,&nbsp;Huakun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work aims at revealing the damage evolution characteristics and the deterioration law of the tensile strength of high-strength steel wires under elastoplastic stress-corrosion interaction, which is commonly encountered in bridge cables, and providing a unified model and general simulation framework for life cycle damage evolution simulation. Firstly, a custom test device was designed to apply different stress levels to the steel wires, copper-accelerated acetic-acid salt spray test was then carried out, and the three-dimensional morphology scanning and quantitative characterization of stress-accelerated-corrosion (SAC) damage were also performed after test. The corrosion damage, i.e. the mean corrosion depth, the standard deviation and coefficient of variation, were then quantified by mass loss method, and then a both time and stress-dependent damage accumulation model was developed by model construction and multidimensional nonlinear regression analysis. Secondly, a simplified SAC numerical simulation method for the full-life damage evolution was also proposed, i.e. the so called “Time/stress input-model driven-ALE updating” simulation framework, which was realized by a user defined UMESHMOTION FORTRAN subroutine embedded into ABAQUS, and provides a general method for the optimization design of operational conditions, corrosion allowance and integrity assessment of steel cable. After model calibration, a thoroughly parametric analysis was carried out on steel wire, and the characteristic of damage evolution under constant load or displacement as well as the strength degradation were revealed, and the effect of random SAC on damage evolution was also carefully studied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Architectural potential of wheat straw processed by thermo-compression: From the perspective of hygrothermal behavior","authors":"Juanli Guo ,&nbsp;Chuning Tan ,&nbsp;Yongyun Jin ,&nbsp;Renjie Xu ,&nbsp;Jianhua Zhao ,&nbsp;Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Fuyu Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amid rising crop production, the sustainable management of substantial straw has emerged as a critical opportunity for development across various sectors. This research presents a novel wheat straw fiberboard, produced through a thermo-compression process, and conducts an in-depth evaluation of its architectural viability, particularly concerning hygrothermal performance. Comprehensive laboratory experiments and numerical simulations reveal that the hot-pressed wheat straw fiberboard (HpWSF) demonstrates superior density, specific heat capacity, and enhanced thermal and vapor resistance compared to conventionally processed straw bales. Its hygrothermal properties are comparable to those of autoclaved lightweight concrete, with the additional benefit of increased moisture storage capacity, thereby improving indoor humidity regulation. A case study of a building constructed with this material indicated a 42.29 % reduction in annual energy demand compared to a traditional red brick building. The study further assesses the regional adaptability of the HpWSF across three distinct climatic regions in China, confirming its superior hygrothermal properties relative to red brick and autoclaved lightweight concrete. However, the findings suggest that specific climate-adapted measures are necessary to address the elevated risk of mold in certain environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the effect of nano-calcium carbonate used to improve carbonation activity of low calcium carbonatable binder","authors":"Haole Wang ,&nbsp;Di Ma ,&nbsp;Songhui Liu ,&nbsp;Xuemao Guan ,&nbsp;Jianping Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low Calcium Carbonatable Binder (LCCB) represents an innovative carbon-sequestering cementitious material primarily composed of α-CS (pseudo­ wollastonite), C₃S₂ (rankinite), and C₂AS (gehlenite). However, LCCB currently faces several challenges, including limited carbonation strength, slow carbonation kinetics, and suboptimal carbon sequestration efficiency. This study investigates a novel approach to enhance the carbonation activity of LCCB through the incorporation of nano-sized calcium carbonate (NC). The carbonation characteristics were systematically examined using advanced analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), pH measurement, conductivity analysis, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These methodologies were employed to elucidate the mechanism from multiple perspectives: carbonation product composition, macroscopic properties, microstructural pore characteristics, and carbonation reactivity. The experimental results demonstrate that the optimal NC content of 0.10 % significantly enhances the carbonation performance of LCCB, not only significantly improves its carbonation performance but also promotes calcite growth, fills the pore structure to reduce porosity, and alters the micro-morphology post-carbonation. Furthermore, NC facilitates calcium ion dissolution, accelerates the reaction between CO₂ and calcium ions, promotes continuous CO₂ reaction within the system, and enhances the early-stage exothermic carbonation reaction. These findings not only advance the fundamental understanding of NC-modified LCCB carbonation mechanisms but also contribute to improving overall CO₂ sequestration efficiency in cement-based materials, thereby supporting the sustainable development of the construction industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism and effectiveness of glass powder effect on calcium leaching resistance of primary support concrete in tunnels","authors":"Yajun Jiang,&nbsp;Yi Zheng,&nbsp;Liangmin Yu,&nbsp;Longxiang Liao,&nbsp;Yaokun Su","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The long-term calcium leaching of groundwater on the primary support concrete in tunnels is the main cause of crystallization blockage in the tunnel drainage system. To improve the calcium leaching resistance of sprayed concrete, the influence of glass powder with varying particle sizes and dosages on the calcium leaching resistance of sprayed concrete subjected to contact leaching during its initial formation stages was investigated. The test results show that before the 14th day of leaching, the glass powder primarily improves the calcium leaching resistance of sprayed concrete through the filling effect and nucleation effect. After the 14th day of leaching, the pozzolanic effect gradually becomes the main factor to enhance calcium leaching resistance. In the long-term state, glass powder of all three particle sizes can improve the calcium leaching resistance of sprayed concrete, and finer particles have a better effect. However, due to its larger particle size compared to cement, glass powder with a median particle size of 36.64 μm increases calcium ion leaching before the 15th day of leaching. Therefore, it is recommended to use glass powder with a median particle size smaller than cement in the initial tunnel support concrete. Glass powder with a median particle size of 1.2 μm and a dosage of 20 % has the best effect on reducing calcium ion leaching from concrete, achieving 43.66 % reduction during the test period. When the dosage of glass powder is 5 %, the nucleation effect is the best, and it gradually weakens as the dosage increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical response characteristics and seepage evolution mechanism of shaft lining concrete under different stress states","authors":"Weipei Xue ,&nbsp;Honghui Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhongjian Wang ,&nbsp;Shutao Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the mechanical response characteristics and seepage evolution mechanisms of shaft lining concrete across different stress states. The mechanical behavior of the concrete was analyzed through stress-strain curves, volumetric strain patterns, elastic modulus, crack initiation stress, damage stress, and other relevant parameters. The relationship between permeability evolution and axial strain, volumetric strain, and circumferential crack strain was established, along with the seepage characteristics of shaft lining concrete under different loading conditions. The results demonstrated that the peak strength of specimens undergoing graded loading and unloading was consistently lower than that of specimens subjected to continuous loading under the same confining and seepage pressure conditions, exhibiting a difference of 5.1 %. Furthermore, the inflection point of the volumetric strain in specimens subjected to graded loading and unloading occurred earlier. The elastic modulus of the specimens across varying stress states increased with higher confining pressure and decreased with increasing seepage pressure. The crack initiation stress and damage stress for specimens undergoing graded loading and unloading were lower than those for specimens subjected to continuous loading, with reductions of 34.4 % and 10.5 %, respectively. The permeability-axial strain relationship curve showed an initial decrease, followed by a subsequent increase. The volumetric strain exhibited two distinct phases—compression and expansion—under the applied deviatoric stress. The minimum permeability values for specimens undergoing graded loading and unloading and continuous loading occurred at 84.6 % and 89.2 % of the maximum volumetric compression and density points, respectively. Under the same external stress conditions, the crack circumferential strain inflection point for specimens subjected to graded loading and unloading occurred earlier than that of specimens under continuous loading, accompanied by a sharp change in the permeability curve.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion development of low-chromium alloy steel bars in concrete","authors":"Qiang Fu ,&nbsp;Haowei Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-chromium alloy steel bars (LASBs) are a new type of corrosion-resistant steel bar, which are not only simple in preparation and processing, but also low in price. They have a good application prospect in improving the durability of concrete structures. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of the corrosion development of LASBs in concrete. Firstly, the development and application of LASBs and the influence of alloying elements on the microstructure of steel bars are briefly introduced. Secondly, the corrosion development of LASBs influenced by chloride attack and carbonation, and the role of alloying elements in enhancing steel reinforcement corrosion resistance are increasingly clarified from three aspects: corrosion rate and electrochemical characteristics, rust layer, and corrosion products. Chloride attack and carbonation reducing the protection of the rust layer to the steel matrix by destroying corrosion products and promoting the formation of non-protective corrosion products, thereby promoting the corrosion development of LASBs. When the two corrosion effects coexist, the corrosion development of LASBs is further enhanced. Cr, Mo, Ni and Cu slow down the corrosion development of LASBs by promoting the formation of a compact, stable and cationic selective inner rust layer on the steel bar matrix. Finally, the existing problems and future research prospects on the corrosion development of LASBs are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"475 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}