International Political Economy: Globalization eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Economic Nationalism in Intellectual Property Policy and Law","authors":"Alexander Peukert","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3702329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3702329","url":null,"abstract":"The long-standing battle between economic nationalism and globalism has again taken center stage in geopolitics. This article applies this dichotomy to the law and policy of international intellectual property (IP). Most commentators see IP as a prime example of globalization. The article challenges this view on several levels. In a nutshell, it claims that economic nationalist concerns about domestic industries and economic development lie at the heart of the global IP system. To support this argument, the article summarizes and categorizes IP policies adopted by selected European countries, the European Union, and the U.S. Section I presents three types of inbound IP policies that aim to foster local economic development and innovation. Section II adds three versions of outbound IP policies that, in contrast, target foreign countries and markets. Concluding section III traces a dialectic virtuous circle of economic nationalist motives leading to global legal structures and identifies the function and legal structure of IP as the reason for the resilience and even dominance of economic nationalist motives in international IP politics. IP concerns exclusive private rights that are territorially limited creatures of (supra-)national statutes. These legal structures make up the economic nationalist DNA of IP.","PeriodicalId":288317,"journal":{"name":"International Political Economy: Globalization eJournal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115367390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Media and Political Interest: A Case Study on Media and Advertising Mars Party Perindo","authors":"A. Jamil, M. Wirasti, Ella Afnira","doi":"10.31014/AIOR.1991.03.03.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/AIOR.1991.03.03.218","url":null,"abstract":"Over a period of three years 2016-2018, (Multi Media Nusantara Coorporation (MNC), RCTI, MNCTV, and GTV received a reprimand from the Indonesian KPI due to the advertisement of Perindo mars politics that was considered to be excessive and troubling the public ahead of the 2019 elections. However, Harry Tanoesoedibjo, the owner of MNC Media and the chairman of the Perindo political party used his own media to achieve the political goals, and it was considered to be in conflict with the ideal function of the mass media in Indonesia. This research is qualitative, and uses constructive approach. Data were obtained through interviews, observation and literature review. In addition, Vincent Mosco's political, and economic theory with three frameworks was used, namely commodification, spatialalization, structure, advertising and social responsibility press. The results of this study revealed the data causes, and the use of MNC Media as a political tool by Perindo parties in the form of advertisements, which have an impact on the society. The authorities can freely use theirs for personal (political) interests, while still within the corridors of rules and regulations in the country. Furthermore, it conclude that its uses is indeed very important in the context, but in reality, it does not have much influence on the political choices of the people in the 2019 elections, and it is clear that Perindo party election results only attained 27%.","PeriodicalId":288317,"journal":{"name":"International Political Economy: Globalization eJournal","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127140149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile of a Conspiracy Theorist: The Role of Government Trust and Technology on Misinformation during an Epidemic","authors":"R. Gonzalez, E. Maffioli","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3688576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3688576","url":null,"abstract":"What characterizes a conspiracy theorist? Combining data on beliefs about the origin of the 2014 Ebola outbreak in Liberia with conventional and machine learning methods, we uncover that, contrary to popular beliefs, socio-demographic and economic indicators play a minor role in predicting who is more likely to believe false information about the origin of the epidemic. Conspiracy theorists are not any poorer, older, less educated, more economically distressed, more rural, or ethnically different than individuals who are correctly informed. They are, however, significantly more likely to report high levels of distrust, especially towards governmental institutions. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find that access to cell phone coverage can play a key role in belief-updating: individuals with coverage are 7 percentage points more likely to switch from misinformed to informed by the end of the epidemic. These results highlight the importance of government trust and information and communication technologies in reducing misinformation during epidemics.","PeriodicalId":288317,"journal":{"name":"International Political Economy: Globalization eJournal","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127295101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Common Ownership along the Supply Chain and Supplier Innovations","authors":"Xian Chen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3701901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3701901","url":null,"abstract":"Common owners are the (institutional) investors that hold equities of multiple firms. This paper examines the impact of common ownership of suppliers and customers on suppliers' innovation activities. I find suppliers' investment in innovation, quantity and quality of innovation output increase when common owners control higher fractions of them and their customers. The impact of vertical common ownership on innovation input and quality of innovation output is stronger and more robust than that of horizontal common ownership. I provide plausible evidence for causality using a difference-in-differences approach based on a quasi-natural experiment in the form of financial institution mergers and acquisitions. Moreover, I test the potential channels through which vertical common ownership could influence supplier innovation. My evidence suggests that common ownership increases investment in innovation by mitigating hold-up issues between suppliers and customers, and enhances innovation output performance by improving technological spillovers between suppliers and customers. Overall, my evidence suggests that common institutional ownership enhances suppliers' innovation performance by improving relationships between suppliers and their customers.","PeriodicalId":288317,"journal":{"name":"International Political Economy: Globalization eJournal","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121750275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aesthetics of Business in a Globalizing World: The Consumer’s Perspective","authors":"Rajat Shukla","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3662138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3662138","url":null,"abstract":"This paper talks about why the brick and mortar model of business was dominant in the world for so long and why in this post modern and global era some customers prefer to stick to the traditional brick and mortar business model while the others have shifted to the e-commerce model of business. This paper will analyze how the phenomena known as globalization has helped the e-commerce model of business grow and now how this model is now helping to make the worldwide market more global, put in other words, how this model is helping in increasing the global-ness of the global market. This paper will also analyze and try to find out what the customers have gained and what they have lost when they shifted from the brick and mortar business model to the e-commerce business model.","PeriodicalId":288317,"journal":{"name":"International Political Economy: Globalization eJournal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132894176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Did the US GSP Scheme Truly Benefit the Indian Economy – Political Economy of Denying Market Access?","authors":"K. Murali","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3632164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3632164","url":null,"abstract":"The Generalised System of Preferences (GSP), instituted in 1971 under the aegis of UNCTAD, has contributed over the years to creating an enabling trading environment by providing tariff reduction or complete elimination for developing countries and the LDCs. The study of GSP imports of the US economy reveals that 177 beneficiary countries import a total of US$ 562 billion from 1989 to 2019 – to investigate the role of the US to support industrialisation and encourage economic growth by creating positive exports earnings. However, in the US total imports, the share of GSP schemes total shares has consistently fallen since the formation of WTO. There are shreds of evidence that trade route can facilitate a country to improve its status from the lower-income to higher income level - the example of the US does not support this thesis. While there are shreds of evidence that trade route can facilitate a country to improve its status from the lower-income to higher income level - the example of the US does not support this thesis. It is incumbent on the nature of products sought by consumers in the benefactor country (the US market) and the relative capacity of beneficiary economies to supply in the growing market require/demand. \u0000 \u0000The top ten sectors impacted by the GSP withdrawal were transport, chemical, mineral & metals, electrical machinery, non-electrical machinery, fruits, vegetable, plants, cereals & preparation, leather, footwear & rubber, manufacturing n.e.s and textiles. The fish and fish products, although it had tremendous imported values by the US in 2018 - however, these sectors have seen a major shift towards the MFN route. The top ten sectors, all of them were manufacturing and with a high presence of MSMEs. Top ten sectors accounted for 95% of the US imports under the GSP route in 2018. It can also be argued, that the US has not aided by WTO rules while withdrawing the India’s GSP privileges as it continues to give such access to other developing countries with higher income levels or similar income level – India can take this matter to the WTO Dispute Settlement Body on the grounds of discriminatory treatment.","PeriodicalId":288317,"journal":{"name":"International Political Economy: Globalization eJournal","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122681935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Subsidy Spillovers, Two Ways","authors":"K. Myers, Lauren Lanahan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3550479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3550479","url":null,"abstract":"We study how the outputs of research spill over technological and geographic space in the context of the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research program. We infer input-output links using text analyses and identify the marginal costs of producing patents using noncompetitive grant matching policies. Due to technological spillovers, the cost of spurring patents related to specific technologies are much larger than the costs of spurring any kind of patent. Due to geographic spillovers, roughly 80% of the net patents produced by the program are from inventors that do not directly receive grants; the domestic/foreign split of output is about 75/25. The large spillovers across these two dimensions imply that the cost effectiveness of research subsidies can vary widely depending on which outputs count. Within the U.S., we identify regions likely responsible for these spillovers, which reveals a pattern that suggests the government must trade off its ability to influence either the rate or direction of invention.","PeriodicalId":288317,"journal":{"name":"International Political Economy: Globalization eJournal","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124572527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Internet and International Marketing – From Trigger Technology to Platforms and New Markets","authors":"R. Sinkovics, Noemi Sinkovics","doi":"10.1108/imr-07-2019-0185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/imr-07-2019-0185","url":null,"abstract":"The authors critically examine the paper by Samiee (2019, this issue) “International marketing and the Internet: A research overview and the path forward” and offer an appraisal of its merits as well as thoughts for further development of research on advanced information and communication technologies (ICTs) in international marketing.,This paper approaches its purpose via a reflexive review of Samiee's paper and continues by offering a content analysis of a broader body of literature which includes internationally oriented papers in international business (IB), international marketing (IM), general management, marketing and strategy (GMS) as well as information systems (IS). The underpinning question is whether and which particular ICT concepts have successfully been adopted in the IM literature and what the inclusion or exclusion of these phenomena may imply for future research.,The Internet and internationalization implications of the technology have been studied excessively in the domain; however, newer developments such as dimensions of Industry 4.0 or advanced manufacturing, have not yet been widely considered in IB and marketing work. The ramifications for future research are significant in that the understudied modern industrial organization of the contemporary firm in the digital world needs much concerted research focus to be adequately understood.,This paper and the literature review is limited to “international” studies. While this is an appropriate limitation for the purposes of this IM-oriented review, some work in the GMS domain as well as the IS domain will have significant ramification for international firms and IM thinking, despite these papers limited to noninternational firms.,The notion of advanced ICTs, builds on the underpinning Internet technology, and has transformative effects on the way in which (international) firms are organized, studied and performed. The pervasive shifts triggered by advanced ICTs and the reconfiguration of firms to platform providers and system integrators need to be well understood, in order to stay legitimate and as performant in contemporary markets.,Rather than looking at only IM papers, this paper reviews Internet/advanced ICT papers in multiple related fields. Significant novelty in this area comes from IS, by including this discipline in the review, the authors see real diffusion of novel thinking and potential research areas for IM scholars at the interface of ICT and IM.","PeriodicalId":288317,"journal":{"name":"International Political Economy: Globalization eJournal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125385829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Who Will Dominant in the Space Will Dominate in the Internet and in the World. Corona/COVID-19 Cleared up the Situation","authors":"N. Guliyeva","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3582906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3582906","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is intending to consider an impact of the new technologies such as blockchain to the political an economical system of the nation states namely – (i) collapse of the nation states by dominating at the cyber space, (ii) and an transition of the human rights from “offline�? into the “online�?. We should remember that technology is the object which ensure to achieve our aims and support us to change our world to the radiant direction, it does not exist to create digital tyranny in the globe.","PeriodicalId":288317,"journal":{"name":"International Political Economy: Globalization eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114894411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Border Institutions and the Globalization of Innovation","authors":"Bo Bian, J. Meier, Ting Xu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3503092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3503092","url":null,"abstract":"We identify strong cross-border institutions as a driver of the globalization of innovation. Using 67 million patents from over 100 patent offices, we introduce novel measures of innovation diffusion and collaboration. Exploiting staggered bilateral investment treaties as shocks to cross-border property rights and contract enforcement, we show that signatory countries increase technology adoption and sourcing from each other; they also increase R&D collaborations. These interactions result in technological convergence. The effects are particularly strong for process innovation, and for countries that are technological laggards or have weak domestic institutions. The mobility of financial and human capital are the key channels.","PeriodicalId":288317,"journal":{"name":"International Political Economy: Globalization eJournal","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121631721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}