Digital Studies/Le champ numérique最新文献

{"title":"Transcribing and Collating for Digital Stemmatology. The Case of Troilus and Criseyde","authors":"Adam Vázquez","doi":"10.16995/dscn.372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/dscn.372","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the decisions involved in a digital stemmatology project. Traditionally, transcription, collation, and the creation of a stemma have been processes linked to the edition of texts. However, stemmatology on its own can provide valuable insight to further the understanding of literary works since it sheds light on their production process. The research on the textual tradition of Troilus and Criseyde offers the possibility to reconsider what are the difficulties and implications of a digital project of this sort. I focus particularly on transcription and collation. Transcription can be affected by aspects such as the availability of high-quality reproductions of manuscripts and early printed editions. Then, in order to produce useful transcriptions that serve the purpose of the project, the level of detail has to be established. It is important to find a balance between the overwhelmingly detailed and scarcity that could result in unfruitful transcripts. In regard to collation, which is the process of identifying variants, I mention the characteristics and purpose of a base-text. It is essential to understand what is a variant and how to work with them so that reliable stemmatta can be produced. Thus, I examine the case of two readings present in my research. By the end, I provide a brief example of how a phylogenetic tree can help us understand the distribution of variants and the relationships that the witnesses of Troilus and Criseyde bear. With that, I also hope that the usefulness of digital stemmatology is made evident. Resume Cet article explore les decisions prises dans un projet de stemmatologie numerique. Traditionnellement, la transcription, la collation et la creation d’un stemma etaient des processus lies a l’edition de textes. Cependant, la stemmatologie elle-meme peut fournir des informations precieuses qui contribuent a une meilleure comprehension d’œuvres litteraires, puisqu’elle eclaircit leur processus de production. La recherche sur la tradition textuelle de Troilus et Criseyde offre la possibilite de reexaminer les difficultes et les implications d’un projet numerique de ce genre. Je me concentre en particulier sur la transcription et la collation. La transcription peut etre affectee par des aspects tels que la disponibilite de reproductions de haute qualite de manuscrits et d’editions imprimees anciennes. Ensuite, pour produire des transcriptions utiles qui atteignent le but du projet, il faut etablir le niveau de details. Il est important de trouver l’equilibre entre des transcriptions massivement detaillees et celles qui sont peu detaillees pour eviter des resultats infructueux. En ce qui concerne la collation, le processus d’identifier des variantes, je mentionne les caracteristiques et buts d’un texte de base. Il est essentiel de comprendre ce qui c’est une variante, ainsi que comprendre la facon dont il faut la traiter pour que des stemmatta fiables puissent etre produits. Par consequent, j’examine le c","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124937890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical Topologies of Texts","authors":"M. Lepper, B. T. Widemann","doi":"10.16995/DSCN.313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/DSCN.313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"62 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127942335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Map Literature? Geospatial Prototyping for Literary Studies and Digital Humanities","authors":"Randa El Khatib, Marcel Schaeben","doi":"10.16995/dscn.330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/dscn.330","url":null,"abstract":"By focusing on the process of building A Map of Paradise Lost—a geospatial humanities text-to-map project that visualizes the locatable places in John Milton’s Paradise Lost— this paper addresses the question “why map literature?” and demonstrates how the process of research prototyping is in itself a form of knowledge production. Through a series of prototyping moments, we address how the different steps involved in building a geospatial humanities project can produce new knowledge about the fields it relates to: literary studies and digital humanities. The prototyping moments make arguments that advance our understanding of Milton’s Paradise Lost, approaches to data visualization for cartographic comparison in and beyond DH, and models for interdisciplinary collaboration. Resume En se concentrant sur le processus de construction d’une Carte du Paradis Perdu – un projet d’humanites geospatiales qui visualise, dans une carte a partir du texte, les places localisables dans le Paradis Perdu de John Milton – cet article aborde la question «pourquoi une litterature cartographique?» et demontre comment le processus de prototypage de recherche est en soi une forme de production de connaissances. A travers une serie de moments de prototypage, nous abordons comment les differentes etapes impliquees dans la construction d’un projet d’humanites geospatiales peuvent produire de nouvelles connaissances concernant les domaines relatifs a ce sujet: etudes litteraires et humanites digitales. Les moments de prototypage presentent des arguments qui ameliorent notre comprehension du Paradis Perdu de Milton, des approches de visualisation des donnees pour une comparaison cartographique «a l’interieur» et «au-dela» des humanites digitales ainsi que des modeles pour une collaboration interdisciplinaire. Mots-cles: cartographie litteraire; prototypage geospatial; communication savante; Paradis Perdu","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133178934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjoined Conceptual Domains in the Bilingual Poetry of Pablo Picasso","authors":"E. Mallen, Luis Meneses","doi":"10.16995/dscn.320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/dscn.320","url":null,"abstract":"Picasso started writing poems in April, 1935 during a period of personal crisis. This shift to literature is predicated on an assumed irreducible conflict between new verbal expressions and his established visual composition. Picasso’s texts provide a window into the artist’s mind that is separate from his own artistic creations —which makes them extremely relevant. This paper investigates two aspects of Picasso’s poetry. First, how Picasso used subtle differences between the lexical realization of concepts in French and Spanish: the two languages he used to compose his poems. And Second, how he explored the potential overlap between semantic categories for concepts associated with co-occurring words. When these linguistic phenomena are examined carefully, it becomes clear that the lexical combinations that Picasso implemented in his poems were far from arbitrary. Resume Picasso a commence a ecrire des poemes en avril 1935, pendant une periode de crise personnelle. Ce passage vers la litterature se fonde sur le conflit irreductible suppose entre de nouvelles expressions verbales et sa composition visuelle etablie. Les textes de Picasso nous donnent un apercu de ce qui se passe dans la tete de l’artiste qui est separe de ses propres creations artistiques – ce qui rend ces textes extremement pertinents. Cet article enquete sur deux aspects de la poesie de Picasso. Premierement, la maniere dont Picasso a employe des differences subtiles entre la realisation lexicale de concepts en francais et en espagnol, les deux langues dans lesquelles il a ecrit ses poemes. Deuxiemement, la maniere dont il a explore le chevauchement potentiel entre des categories semantiques pour des concepts associes aux mots coexistants. Apres un examen approfondi de ces phenomenes linguistiques, il s’est avere clair que les combinaisons lexicales avec lesquelles Picasso a compose ses poemes etaient loin d’etre arbitraires. Mots-cles: Picasso; bilingue; la poesie; domaines conceptuelsl; categories semantiques","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125394865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEMMS (Gateway to Early Modern Manuscript Sermons 1530–1715): Confronting the Challenges of Sermons Research","authors":"A. James, Jeanne M. Shami","doi":"10.16995/dscn.329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/dscn.329","url":null,"abstract":"This essay describes the first phase of the GEMMS project (2014–2019), the purpose of which is to increase access to early modern English manuscript sermons and sermon notes (1530–1715) by creating a freely accessible online bibliographic database of records for these materials. It reviews the need for this resource, the current state of its development, and the challenges and successes to date as well as proposed developments in its next phase. Resume Cet article decrit la premiere phase du projet GEMMS (2014–2019), dont l’objectif est de faciliter l’acces a des manuscrits et notes des sermons en anglais moderne naissant (1530–1715) en creant une base de donnees bibliographique en ligne et en libre acces des archives de ces documents. Cet article examine le besoin de cette ressource, l’etat actuel de son developpement, les defis et reussites jusqu’a present, ainsi que les developpements proposes pour la prochaine phase du projet. Mots-cles: sermons; manuscrits; base de donnees bibliographique; notes de sermons; Renaissance","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130646075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histoire et SIG: vers une heuristique des cartes relationnelles","authors":"Anolga Rodionoff","doi":"10.16995/dscn.352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/dscn.352","url":null,"abstract":"It appears that the virtual – in the sense attributed by cybernetics, namely modelling or simulation –, is entering into certain research practices in the human and social sciences, and notably those of certain historians using GIS (or Geographic Information Systems). In that respect, research involving GIS will be examined in order to evaluate, in particular, what the results are for the history discipline in terms of its methods, its concepts, and its renewal, or nonrenewal, of knowledge. Before presenting its initial findings, we will retouch on questions underlying this study and indicate some essential methodological elements. Resume Il semble bien que le virtuel – au sens que la cybernetique lui attribue, c’est-a-dire la modelisation ou la simulation –, entre dans certaines pratiques de recherche en sciences humaines et sociales, et notamment celles de certains historiens utilisant les SIG (ou Systemes d’information geographique). Ce sont ainsi des recherches mobilisant les SIG qui seront ici questionnees afin d’evaluer notamment ce qu’il en resulte pour la discipline historique du point de vue de ses methodes, de ses concepts et du renouvellement ou non de la connaissance.1 Avant d’en presenter les premiers resultats, nous allons rappeler les questionnements a l’origine de cette recherche et indiquer quelques elements de methode s’imposent. Mots cles: Systemes d’information geographique (SIG); Humanites numeriques; Epistemologie; Big data; histoire","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130002987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drones and Surveillance Cultures in a Global World","authors":"John Muthyala","doi":"10.16995/dscn.332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/dscn.332","url":null,"abstract":"Digital technologies are essential to establishing new forms of dominance through drones and surveillance systems; these forms have significant effects on individuality, privacy, democracy, and American foreign policy; and popular culture registers how the uses of drone technologies for aesthetic, educational, and governmental purposes raise questions about the exercise of individual, governmental, and social power. By extending computational methodologies in the digital humanities like macroanalysis and distant reading in the context of drones and surveillance, this article demonstrates how drone technologies alter established notions of war and peace, guilt and innocence, privacy and the common good; in doing so, the paper connects postcolonial studies to the digital humanities. Resume Les technologies numeriques sont essentielles pour etablir de nouvelles formes de domination par le biais des drones et des systemes de surveillance. Ces formes ont des effets importants sur l’individualite, la vie privee, la democratie et la politique etrangere americaine. La culture populaire denombre un eventail de ces effets employant des technologies de drones pour des objectifs esthetiques, educatifs et gouvernementaux d’une maniere qui souleve des questions sur la mise en pratique du pouvoir individuel, gouvernemental et social. En etendant des methodologies statistiques des Humanites numeriques, tels que la macroanalyse et la lecture globale, dans le contexte des drones et de la surveillance, cet article demontre la facon dont les technologies numeriques modifient fondamentalement les notions deja etablies de la guerre et de la paix, de la culpabilite et de l’innocence, de la vie privee et du bien commun. De ce fait, cet article lie les etudes post-coloniales aux Humanites numeriques. Mots-cles: Drones; Surveillance; Humanites numeriques; etudes post-coloniales; Mondialisation; Cultures numeriques","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131033513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Création littéraire et Web: un cas italien","authors":"Irène Cacopardi","doi":"10.16995/dscn.347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/dscn.347","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies a part of the works of the Wu Ming literary collection. A true cultural, editorial and generational phenomenon in Italy, it is considered emblematic of the network culture and is considered a pioneer of the collision between old and new medias. Thanks to digital technology, we are indeed participating in the multiplication of textualities. Forums, blog, novel, collective forms of writing all are being born in the world of the web, redefining textuality in both its form and its content. This evolution is considered here through a perspective of a more general change in cultural sociability. After historicising these changes. We will commit ourselves to an analysis of its use of digital tools as a means of political and literary expression with the goal of highlighting its intellectual approach. We will show that Wu Ming’s use of the net, expanded to literary work, contributes to the entrenchment of a new culture based on another dialectic between producers and consumers of texts, producing a different view on the works. The web becomes a new channel of exchange, of genre contamination, of meaning transmission, and becomes a free space that establishes a new narrative economy and a redefinition of the scholarly domain. Resume Dans cet article, nous nous proposons d’etudier une partie de l’oeuvre du collectif litteraire Wu Ming. Veritable phenomene culturel, editorial et generationnel en Italie, il est considere comme l’embleme de la culture du reseau et le pionnier de la collision entre anciens et nouveaux medias. Grâce aux technologies informatiques, nous assistons en effet a la multiplication des textualites. Forums, blogs, romans, formes d’ecriture collective naissent dans l’espace web, en redefinissant la textualite dans sa forme et dans son contenu. Cette evolution est ici consideree dans une perspective d’un changement plus general de la sociabilite culturelle. Apres avoir historicise le parcours du collectif, nous nous attacherons a analyser sa pratique de l’outil informatique comme moyen d’expression politique et litteraire dans le but de mettre en exergue sa demarche intellectuelle. Nous montrerons que l’utilisation du Net de la part de Wu Ming, elargie au travail litteraire, contribue a l’enracinement d’une nouvelle culture, basee sur une autre dialectique entre les producteurs et les consommateurs de textes et productrice d’un autre regard sur l’oeuvre. Le web devient un nouveau canal d’echange, de contamination des genres, de transmission de sens, et un libre espace qui determine une nouvelle economie narrative et une redefinition de l’espace savant. Mots-cles: Literature contemporaine; Internet; Italie; Luther Blissett Project; Wu Ming; sociabilite culturelle; d’ecriture collective","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131231866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le positionnement éditorial dans l’édition critique numérique","authors":"J. Casenave","doi":"10.16995/dscn.348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/dscn.348","url":null,"abstract":"Critical editing is a practice whose contours have been well established by the philological tradition. The different critical conventions are well known and have been subject to a myriad of scientific studies. Nevertheless, critical edition has been undergoing changes since the development of new technologies. Digital critical editions have multiplied and today represent a large and varied panel. As a consequence, it’s worth observing, beyond technological innovations, what digital editing brings in terms of methodology and publishing conceptualisation. Obviously, in digital editions as in traditional editions, the final goal is offering readers a text that they will be able to consult and use in their research: the edited text should be a stable one, that can be an authoritative resource. The uniqueness of digital edition’s design, however, requires editors to reflect, right from the start of the publication process, on the information that they are going to provide, as well as on the way in which they will be presenting it. From the very beginning of its development, digital editing entails, then, a true awareness of how it will be received. It permits, also, a significant diversification of information presented in editions. It ultimately distinguishes itself with its open nature: digital editing is open in terms of content evolution over time just as it is in terms of collaborative editing. Resume L’edition critique est une pratique dont les contours ont ete bien etablis par la tradition philologique. Les differents courants critiques sont bien connus et ont fait l’objet de nombreuses etudes scientifiques. Cependant, depuis le developpement des nouvelles technologies, l’edition critique est en pleine mutation. Les editions critiques numeriques se sont multipliees et constituent aujourd’hui un panel large et varie. Des lors, il importe d’observer, au-dela des innovations techniques, ce que l’edition numerique apporte en termes de methodologie et de conceptualisation de l’edition. Bien evidemment, dans l’edition numerique comme dans l’edition traditionnelle, l’objectif final consiste a proposer au lecteur un texte qu’il va pouvoir consulter et utiliser dans ses recherches: le texte edite doit etre un texte stable, qui puisse faire autorite. Cependant, la specificite de conception des editions numeriques oblige les editeurs a s’interroger, des le debut du processus d’edition, sur les informations qu’ils vont fournir, ainsi que sur la maniere dont ils les presenteront. L’edition numerique implique alors, des le debut de son developpement, une reelle prise en compte de la reception. Elle permet egalement une diversification importante des informations presentees dans l’edition. Elle se demarque enfin par son caractere ouvert: l’edition numerique est ouverte en termes d’evolution de contenu dans le temps tout comme en termes de collaboration au travail d’edition. Mots-cles: Edition critique; philologie; humanites numeriques; edition numerique; phi","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123689773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La logométrie en histoire: une herméneutique numérique. Exploration d’un corpus de professions de foi électorales de député-e-s (1958–2007)","authors":"Magali Guaresi","doi":"10.16995/DSCN.349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/DSCN.349","url":null,"abstract":"For historians dealing with text, the changeover from paper to digital sources represents a major change. By expanding text archives – turned into hypertexts, un-linear and denaturalised –, the digital increases the navigation capabilities within corpora, reveals new linguistics aspects that can be observed, and transforms our reading practices. Logometry, the method using computer-assisted reading, has been contributing to these evolutions over the last four decades by proposing tools that combine qualitative reading and quantitative approaches to digital corpora, with the goal of formalising the hermeneutic interpretive process. This article will present its principle functions through its application to a corpus of electoral manifestos written under the Fifth Republic (1958–2007). Resume Le passage du papier au numerique constitue, pour les historien-ne-s ayant affaire aux textes, une rupture majeure. En enrichissant les archives textuelles – devenues des hypertextes, delinearises et denaturalises –, le numerique augmente les capacites de navigation dans les corpus, revele de nouveaux observables linguistiques et transforme nos pratiques de lecture. La logometrie, methode de lecture assistee par ordinateur, participe depuis quatre decennies a ces evolutions en proposant des outils alliant lecture qualitative et approche quantitative de corpus numeriques dans le but de formaliser des parcours interpretatifs heuristiques. Cette contribution en presentera les principales fonctionnalites, appliquees a un corpus de professions de foi electorales redigees sous la Cinquieme Republique (1958–2007). Mots-cles: Logometrie; corpus numerique; hermeneutique numerique; discours electoral; histoire du discours politique","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130103122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}