Digital Studies/Le champ numérique最新文献

{"title":"Les archives sans repos: enjeux d’une édition électronique","authors":"N. Pono, Jacinthe Martel","doi":"10.16995/DSCN.351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/DSCN.351","url":null,"abstract":"In 1970, Gabrielle Roy published Windflower (La Riviere sans repos), a short novel preceded by three short stories “Nouvelles Esquimaudes.” Conserved in the Gabrielle Roy collection of Library and Archives Canada, the archives contain a myriad of manuscripts, dactylograms and sets of proofs, genuine evidence of word done by this author. In this article, the researchers put forward a meticulous genetic study of the three “Nouvelles Esquimaudes,” which takes the “Voyage en Ungava,” a travel journal written by Gabrielle Roy in 1961 in Fort Chimo, as its starting point. The authors highlight the novelist’s work methods, notably her horizontal and vertical rewriting. The digital publishing of the Windflower archives allows in itself the usage of an enlarged critical apparatus, but it also contains several specific concerns, thus raising several challenges. Resume En 1970, Gabrielle Roy publie La Riviere sans repos, un court roman precede de trois « Nouvelles Esquimaudes ».   Les archives, conservees dans le fonds Gabrielle Roy a Bibliotheques et Archives Canada, comportent de nombreux manuscrits, dactylogrammes et jeux d’epreuves, veritables temoins du travail effectue par la romanciere. Dans le cadre de cet article, les chercheurs proposent une etude genetique minutieuse des trois « Nouvelles Esquimaudes » qui prend pour point de depart « Voyage en Ungava », journal d’un sejour effectue par Gabrielle Roy a Fort-Chimo en 1961. Ils mettent en lumiere les methodes de travail de la romanciere, notamment ses reecritures horizontales et verticales. L’edition electronique des archives de La Riviere sans repos permet quant a elle l’utilisation d’un appareil critique augmente, mais elle comporte aussi de nombreux enjeux specifiques et souleve donc plusieurs defis. Mots-cles: Gabrielle Roy; La Riviere sans repos; Nouvelles Esquimaudes; roman; Canada; Fort-Chimo; genetique; archives; manuscrits; L’edition electronique; HyperRoy; XXe siecle","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130139920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muséologie numérique: Action participative en réseau et canonisation selon l’intelligence artificielle","authors":"Christine Bernier","doi":"10.16995/DSCN.346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/DSCN.346","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents how certain practices in contemporary art enrich the analysis and critical reflections on digital culture, taking art history and museology as two important issues. The former touches on culture’s relational and participatory value in networks; the latter is related to the effects of this value in the visualisation and canonization of works of art. What is the nature of my appropriation of art when I’m invited to choose works, on a museum’s website, to create “my collection,” “my art gallery,” “my personal museum?” Does this type of invitation favour the democratisation of art knowledge? Or, on the contrary, do these initiatives replicate institutional principles that maintain the prescribing museum’s authority? Does participatory cybermuseology present new issues that result in communal action? Or, alternatively, does it consistently reproduce the traditional canonization process of works of art without permitting a critical reinterpretation? To answer these questions, the theoretical analysis presents proposes layouts, online, of works that originate both from the public domain and from collections from large museums, ranging from the artistic practices of Julia Weist to the Google Art Project. Resume Cet article montre comment certaines pratiques en art contemporain enrichissent l’analyse et la reflexion critique sur la culture numerique, en relation avec deux enjeux importants en histoire de l’art et en museologie. Le premier a trait a la valeur relationnelle et participative de la culture en reseaux; le second se rattache aux effets de cette valeur dans la visualisation et la canonisation des oeuvres d’art. De quelle nature est mon appropriation de l’art lorsqu’on m’invite a choisir des oeuvres, sur un site Web de musee, pour creer « ma collection », « ma galerie d’art », « mon musee personnel »? Ce type d’invitation favorise-t-il une democratisation de la connaissance de l’art? Ou, au contraire, ces initiatives reconduisent-elles les principes institutionnels qui maintiennent le pouvoir du musee prescripteur? La cybermuseologie participative propose-t-elle de nouveaux enjeux qui aboutissent a une action communautaire? Ou, sinon, reproduit-elle constamment le processus de canonisation traditionnel des oeuvres d’art sans en permettre une relecture critique? Pour repondre a ces questions, l’analyse theorique propose des exemples de presentation, sur le Web, d’oeuvres qui proviennent aussi bien de l’espace public que des collections de grands musees, soit de la pratique artistique de Julia Weist ainsi que du Google Art Project. Mots-cles: Cybermuseologie; art numerique; musees et mediation; Julia Weist; Google Art Project","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126937043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction: « Humanités numériques: identités, pratiques et théories »","authors":"S. Marcotte, Michael Sinatra, Stéfan Sinclair","doi":"10.16995/DSCN.354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/DSCN.354","url":null,"abstract":"Digital technologies have profoundly changed our research practices, our editing and publication practices, and how we exchange information. The means have certainly changed, but these striking changes have also influenced the methods and meaning of writing, the concepts of writer and reader, and the methods of access, the tools and methods of distributing texts, images, sounds, etc. Literature has played a major role in the development of cultural domains; it still holds a prominent place, perhaps even more so today, as our current context is greatly associated to the predominance of the textual form. The explosion of data and the transformation of knowledge, both in terms of the quality of available information and the manner of representing it, have furthermore had a considerable impact on human and social sciences research. This special issue, which brings texts together from presentations made at the 2015 Digital Humanities colloquium at Concordia University, offers an overview of current trends in theory and practice observed in the digital humanities domain in French, more specifically in the sphere of production and distribution of knowledge in the human and social sciences. Resume Les technologies numeriques ont profondement modifie nos pratiques de recherche, d’edition, de publication et d’echanges d’informations. Les supports ont certes change, mais les bouleversements ont aussi touche les modalites et le sens de l’ecriture, les concepts d’auteur et de lecteur, les modalites d’acces, les supports et les modes de diffusion de textes, d’images, de sons, etc. Si la litterature a toujours joue un role capital dans la formation des categories culturelles, elle s’approprie de maniere peut-etre encore plus marquee aujourd’hui, une place fondamentale, puisque le contexte actuel est largement associe a une predominance de la forme textuelle. L’explosion des donnees et la transformation des savoirs, tant au plan de la quantite d’information disponible que de la maniere de la representer, a en outre un impact considerable sur la recherche en sciences humaines et sociales. Ce dossier special, qui rassemble des textes decoulant de communications presentees lors du colloque Humanites numeriques 2015 a l’Universite Concordia, propose un apercu des tendances theoriques et pratiques observees actuellement dans le domaine des humanites numeriques en francais, plus precisement dans la sphere de production et de diffusion du savoir dans les sciences humaines et sociales. Mots cles: Humanites numeriques; outils de recherche; tendances theoriques et pratiques; edition electronique; pedagogie numerique; visualisation","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129719777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Projet Bretez: une pincée de son dans l’Histoire","authors":"Mylène Pardoen","doi":"10.16995/DSCN.350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/DSCN.350","url":null,"abstract":"Bretez is a cooperative science project linking the humanities and the engineering sciences (digital humanities) whose prime purpose is museography. Its objective, the patrimonial valorisation through its three-dimensional digital restoration and spatial sound restoration, sets itself apart with its new approach to the restoration of the past by combining the 3D with a prominent acoustic aspect that makes the past available and tangible for a very wide audience. This presentation of my work (research focus: archeology of soundscapes) draws on the model that acts as a research template and focuses more specifically on the rendition of soundscapes, while proposing the following question: how can we interpret the past in order to delight our senses without misrepresenting History? Resume Le projet Bretez est un projet de cooperation scientifique associant les sciences humaines et les sciences de l’ingenieur (humanites numeriques) dont la destination premiere est museographique. Son objectif, la valorisation patrimoniale par sa restitution numerique tridimensionnelle et sonore spatialisee, se denote par une nouvelle approche de la restitution du passe en combinant la 3D avec une tres forte dimension sonore qui rend le passe disponible et tangible pour un tres large public. La presentation de mes travaux (axe de recherche: archeologie du paysage sonore) s’appuie sur la maquette qui sert de matrice a la recherche et s’attardera plus particulierement sur le rendu des ambiances sonores, en proposant cette reflexion: comment ouir le passe pour rejouir nos sens sans trahir l’Histoire? Mots-cles: Ambiances sonores; archeologie du paysage sonore; humanites numeriques","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123693050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copyright’s Role in Preserving and Ensuring Access to Culture: The Way Forward","authors":"L. Macklem","doi":"10.16995/DSCN.300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/DSCN.300","url":null,"abstract":"Copyright has traditionally been concerned with balancing economic incentives with creative opportunity and innovation. When purely economic interests are the primary or sole drivers in directing control over cultural works, culture itself is threatened. The danger to global culture is increased when a single culture is able to dominate both policy and regulation. What may be beneficial for a developed country may not be beneficial for a developing country, and in fact, what may be beneficial for a developed country may have disastrous effects on developing countries’ ability to access or exploit their own Intellectual Property. Canada’s experience in protecting its cultural heritage can be illustrative for other countries. Copyright has traditionally been supported with a strong commitment to fostering Canadian Culture through the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission and Canadian content requirements. Access and nurturing culture must also be facilitated through the regulation of telecommunications, especially in an ever expanding global, digital environment. Canada’s 2019 review of the Copyright Act must take into account the changing global landscape to ensure that Canadian voices can still be heard. Traditionnellement, le domaine du copyright s’interesse a l’equilibre entre des incitations economiques et l’opportunite creative et l’innovation. Lorsque les interets purement economiques sont les seuls ou les principaux facteurs dans la direction d’autorite sur les oeuvres culturelles, la culture est menacee elle-meme. Le risque pour la culture mondiale augmente quand une seule culture peut dominer a la fois la politique et la reglementation. Ce qui pourrait beneficier a un pays developpe pourrait s’averer nuisible a un pays emergent et, en fait, ce qui beneficie a un pays developpe peut cependant produire des effets desastreux pour des pays emergents, ayant un effet sur leur capabilite d’acceder ou d’exploiter leur propre propriete intellectuelle. L’experience vecue par le Canada concernant la protection de son heritage culturel peut servir d’exemple parlant pour d’autres pays. Le Canada a toujours soutenu le copyright avec un engagement fort qui promeut la culture canadienne grâce au Conseil de la radiodiffusion et des telecommunications canadiennes et aux exigences de contenu canadien. Il faut aussi faciliter l’acces et l’encouragement de la culture a travers des reglements de telecommunications, surtout vu l’environnement numerique mondial en expansion permanente. L’examen de la Loi sur le droit d’auteur, entrepris par le Canada en 2019, doit tenir compte de la situation mondiale changeante afin de garantir que les voix canadiennes puissent encore etre entendues. Mots-cles: Culture; telecommunications; medias; Internet","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125778135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tagging Time and Space: TEI and the Canadian Stratford Festival Promptbooks","authors":"Jennifer Roberts-Smith, Mark Kaethler, Toby Malone, Liza Giffen, M. Holmes, Janelle Auriol Jenstad, Joseph Takeda","doi":"10.16995/DSCN.307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/DSCN.307","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the first phase in the development of a new, TEI-based protocol for the encoding of promptbooks. Because the principal function of a promptbook is to record spatiotemporal events whose communicative importance supersedes that of the book in which they are recorded, current standards for digital encoding do not always apply. With the stage managerial artifacts of The. John Gray and the Canadian Stratford Festival Archives as case studies, we provide a rationale for exploring additions to the existing TEI guidelines to account for the unique characteristics of promptbooks. Cet article presente la phase initiale du developpement d’un nouveau protocole de codage TEI adopte pour des livres rapides. Puisque la fonction principale d’un livre rapide est l’enregistrement des evenements spatio-temporels dont l’importance communicative l’emporte sur celle du livre dans lequel on les ecrit, les normes de codage numerique ne s’applique pas toujours. Avec les artefacts du regisseur The. John Gray et des archives du festival de Stratford du Canada, nous fournissons une justification pour la recherche sur l’adjonction aux consignes de TEI qui rend compte des caracteristiques uniques des livres rapides. Mots-cles: codage de texte; TEI; livres rapides; textes litteraires","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125379896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illuminating Systemic Functional Grammatics (Theory) as a Viable Tool of Digital Humanities","authors":"T. Dalamu","doi":"10.16995/dscn.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/dscn.287","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of the study is the application of Systemic Functional Grammatics (SFG) to text as a facility of meaning-making. Having provided a wide room for technological devices to read and account for elements of a text, it portrays the exercise within the scope of Digital Humanities (DH). The theory, championed by Halliday, describes a text from its systemic configurations to chain structures and social relationship frameworks. To explain the weight of SFG as an interface between text and technology, the author chose a poem, ‘Area Boy’, in which three perspectives of the mood system, thematic system, and transitivity system are instrumental to expose its nuances. The approach was followed by correlating the three systems together as a comparative analysis. The study reveals that ‘Area Boy’ operates in declarative clauses with heavy utilization of Subject and Finite. These are organized in marked themes. The contents of the text are represented in material processes (e.g. spent) with supports from both mental (e.g. remember) and verbal (e.g. said) processes. Some of the processes along with circumstances (e.g. Of washing …, Now that …) recur as repetitions for emphatic and enhancement purposes. On the one hand, the article concludes that SFG can assist in interpreting textual elements to generate meaning potential. On the other hand, through the SFG’s metafunctional applications to ‘Area Boy’, one can suggest that the society should give a helping hand to the less privileged. Such a behavior can eradicate vices experienced through the ‘Area Boys’ from the society. Cette etude se focalise sur l’application de la grammaire fonctionnelle systemique (GFS) a des textes comme moyen de facilitation de la creation de sens. Ayant pourvu une large marge pour des dispositifs technologiques pour lire et justifier des elements d’un texte, cette etude presente la mise en pratique dans le cadre des Humanites numeriques (HN). Cette theorie, promue par Halliday, decrit un texte, de ses configurations systemiques a ses structures de la chaine et structures des relations sociales. Pour expliquer la signification de GFS comme interface entre texte et technologie, cet auteur se sert du poeme « Area Boy », ou trois perspectives du systeme de mode, du systeme thematique et du systeme de transitivite ont des roles determinants dans l’exposition des nuances de GFS. Nous avons ensuite fait une analyse comparative en correlant les trois systemes ensemble. Cette etude revele que « Area Boy » fonctionne en des propositions declaratives avec une utilisation intensive du Sujet et du Fini. Elles sont organisees en themes indiques. Les contextes du texte sont representes par des processus materiaux (par exemple, spent) avec des soutiens des processus mentaux (par exemple, remember) et verbaux (par exemple, said). Certains des processus, ainsi que des circonstances (par exemple, Of washing…, Now that…), se reproduisent en tant que repetitions pour des raisons emphatiques et appuy","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121673903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decolonizing International Research Groups: Prototyping a Digital Audio Repository from South to North","authors":"Aurelio Meza","doi":"10.16995/DSCN.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/DSCN.303","url":null,"abstract":"This article reflects on what it means to create a digital humanities (DH) project in the “Global South,” while it ponders some lessons it can offer to DH practitioners across the world, particularly from English-speaking academia. As a case study it considers the Digital Audio Repository for Latin American Sound Art and Poetry an initiative coordinated by PoeticaSonora, a research group formed by faculty members and students from Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM, Mexico City) and Concordia University (Montreal). The prototyping process has brought out some reflections on the correlation between access and participation through information and communication technologies (here termed “knowledge democratization”), in order to expound PoeticaSonora’s theoretical-political positioning, drawing not only from decolonial thinkers and their critics but also from feminist, new materialist, and border studies on technology, art, and society. Then it discusses how the coloniality of knowledge pervades the international distribution of labour in the digital world and academic milieus, particularly through what Leanne Simpson calls “cognitive extractivism.” After proposing some strategies to avoid an extractivist workflow while designing a DH project, it finishes by offering three insightful lessons learned from the PoeticaSonora prototype: online access does not equal universal access; well-intended digital projects are not beneficial per se for the target community; and we must bring back to discussion the political dimension of digital labor and the social practices around it. Cet article se concentre sur la signification de la creation d’un projet d’humanites numeriques (HN) dans les « pays du Sud », tout en reflechissant a des lecons qu’un tel projet peut offrir aux universitaires de HN du monde, en particulier a ceux du milieu academique anglophone. Comme etude de cas, cet article considere le Digital Audio Repository for Latin American Sound Art and Poetry, qui est une initiative coordonnee par PoeticaSonora, un groupe de recherche consistant en des membres de faculte et d’etudiants de l’Universite nationale autonome du Mexique (UNAM, Mexico) et de l’Universite Concordia (Montreal). Le processus de prototypage a produit des reflexions sur la correlation entre l’acces et la participation a travers les informations et technologies de communication (appele ici « la democratisation du savoir »), dans le but d’exposer le positionnement theorique et politique de PoeticaSonora, s’inspirant non seulement des intellectuels decoloniaux et de leurs critiques, mais aussi des etudes feministes, de nouveaux materialistes et des transfrontalieres sur la technologie, sur l’art et sur la societe. Nous discutons ensuite des facons dont la colonialite du savoir se repand dans la distribution internationale de travail dans le monde numerique et dans les milieux academiques, notamment a travers le processus que Leanne Simpson appelle « extractivisme cognitif »","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126679380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Twittersphere as Political Engagement Space: A Study of Social Media Usage in Election Campaigns in Nigeria","authors":"T. Opeibi","doi":"10.16995/DSCN.292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/DSCN.292","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines how social media networks are changing the ways party politics and election campaigns are conducted in Nigeria, especially how these technologies are encouraging new ways of wooing voters and engaging ordinary citizens. Specifically, this study focuses on the growing awareness of the use of Twitter for election campaigns and civic engagement between 2012 and 2015. The theoretical framework used in the study adopts approaches from Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) and Computer-Mediated Discourse Analysis (CMDA- e.g. Herring 2001, 2004). The data set consists of selected microblogging posts extracted from the Twitter handles of two major political parties and their political candidates. Additional Twitter posts on the election-related issues trending during the period provided supplemental data. The data collection procedures comprised media monitoring and use of computer software packages (e.g. SketchEngine, Topsy, AntConc) for online data harvesting over a period of fourteen months. This method was supplemented with manual downloading using google search. The analytical procedure follows the content analysis of significant textual features and discourse patterns in the online political conversation that sheds light on the persuasive use of technologies as discourse strategy. The study thus highlights the sociality of politics and socio-communicative features of Twitter as a campaign tool to mobilise support and woo voters in an emerging democracy. Resume Cette etude examine les moyens dont les reseaux sociaux changent les facons dont on mene la politique de parti et les campagnes electorales au Nigeria, surtout les facons dont ces technologies encouragent de nouvelles manieres de seduire des electeurs et d’engager des citoyens ordinaires. Particulierement, cette etude se focalise sur la sensibilisation croissante de l’usage de Twitter pour les campagnes electorales et pour l’engagement civique entre les annees 2012 et 2015. Le cadre theorique employe dans cette etude suit les approches de la Communication virtuelle (Computer-Mediated Communication, CMC) et de l’Analyse de discours virtuelle (Computer-Mediated Discourse Analysis, CMDA; par exemple Herring 2001, 2004). L’ensemble des donnees consiste en des publications de blogs selectionnees venant des pseudonymes sur Twitter (Twitter handles) de deux partis politiques majeurs et de leurs candidats politiques. D’autres publications sur Twitter sur les tendances importantes liees aux elections pendant la periode ont fourni des donnees supplementaires. La collecte des donnees s’est constituee de la surveillance de medias et de l’usage de logiciels (par exemple SketchEngine, Topsy, AntConc) pour la collecte de donnees en ligne pendant quatorze mois. Nous avons egalement employe le telechargement manuel de donnees en utilisant le moteur de recherche Google. La procedure analytique applique l’analyse de contenu de caracteristiques textuelles importantes et de schemas de discours","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130659226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to a Class-based Online Writing Environment: Gwrit (Game of Writing)","authors":"Jinman Zhang, Geoffrey Rockwell, R. Graves, Heather Graves, M. McKellar, Kamal P. Ranaweera","doi":"10.16995/DSCN.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/DSCN.301","url":null,"abstract":"The Game of Writing (GWrit) is an online writing environment where students can comment on each other’s writing and where they get rewards for on task activity (gamification). This paper brings together research on GWrit from the following perspectives: gamification, analytic tools, user habits, evaluation and task completion structures. First we introduce the way the system was designed to support experimenting with gamification and show the gamification rule editing environment we are developing. Second, we discuss the ways we are evaluating the interface of GWrit using Cognitive Walkthrough and Heuristic evaluation approaches. Third, we look at user behavior based on Google Analytics and compare this to the behavior expected and desired. Finally, we discuss the role task completion structures play in motivating learning. Compared with traditional ways of providing peer review, GWrit offers a different way of teaching writing. Our research shows that the major features of GWrit–including the gamification components, mutual study environment–have been recognized by users. We found that features tied to grades were used more frequently than those not tied to grades. Assignment deadlines, one of the task completion structures applied in GWrit, play an effective role in motivating learning. We end by describing potential improvements for the system from both programming and design perspectives. “Game of Writing” (GWrit) est un environnement d’ecriture en ligne ou les etudiants peuvent faire des commentaires sur l’ecriture de chacun d’entre eux et ou ils recoivent des recompenses dues a leur travail axe a la tâche (ludification). Cette etude rassemble la recherche sur GWrit, venant des perspectives suivantes: la ludification, les outils d’analyse, les habitudes des utilisateurs, l’evaluation et les structures d’achevement de tâches. Premierement, nous presentons la facon dont le systeme a ete concu pour encourager l’experimentation sur la ludification et pour montrer l’environnement de montage de regles de ludification que nous developpons. Deuxiemement, nous discutons les manieres dont nous evaluons l’interface de GWrit en employant les approches d’inspection cognitive et d’evaluation heuristique. Troisiemement, nous considerons le comportement des utilisateurs observe avec l’outil Google Analytics et le comparons au comportement attendu et desire. Finalement, nous discutons du role que les structures d’achevement de tâches jouent dans la motivation d’apprentissage. Compare aux strategies d’evaluation collegiale traditionnelles, GWrit en offre une nouvelle visee a l’enseignement de l’ecriture. Notre recherche demontre que les utilisateurs reconnaissent les principales caracteristiques de GWrit – ce qui inclut des elements de ludification et un environnement d’etude mutuelle. Nous avons trouve que les elements lies aux notes ont ete utilises plus frequemment que ceux qui n’y ont pas ete lies. Les delais de devoirs, une des structures d’achevement de","PeriodicalId":288027,"journal":{"name":"Digital Studies/Le champ numérique","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127075714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}