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The implementation of English as a compulsory subject in Mongolia: EFL teachers’ perceptions and experiences 蒙古国英语必修课程的实施:英语教师的看法与经验
Forum for Linguistic Studies Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.18063/fls.v5i1.1514
Daariimaa Marav, L. Choi
{"title":"The implementation of English as a compulsory subject in Mongolia: EFL teachers’ perceptions and experiences","authors":"Daariimaa Marav, L. Choi","doi":"10.18063/fls.v5i1.1514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18063/fls.v5i1.1514","url":null,"abstract":"In responding to neoliberal globalization, the importance of English language education has been strongly emphasized in many Asian countries, including Mongolia, during the past several decades. Despite the nationwide prioritization of English language education in Mongolia, little research has examined the experiences and challenges of English teachers in teaching English as a compulsory subject in Mongolian secondary schools. This study aims to address this gap by exploring teachers’ perceptions of teaching English and the challenges they encounter, by interviewing forty-three private and public-school teachers. The findings indicate that although teachers had positive attitudes about the nationwide emphasis on English education, they also have experienced a variety of challenges, including workload, lack of professional development and support, lack of shared vision and supportive leadership, and other tensions related to low pay and the social status of schoolteachers in that country. Furthermore, the study recommends that the Mongolian government must create initiatives to reduce educational inequality associated with access to quality English language education, for instance, by increasing funding for public schools, raising awareness of teachers about their importance for the future of the country, and improving the quality of pre-service and in-service teacher education. ","PeriodicalId":285689,"journal":{"name":"Forum for Linguistic Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127715345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Handling translations of data for qualitative research 处理定性研究数据的翻译
Forum for Linguistic Studies Pub Date : 2023-02-06 DOI: 10.18063/fls.v5i1.1515
Uswatun Qoyyimah
{"title":"Handling translations of data for qualitative research","authors":"Uswatun Qoyyimah","doi":"10.18063/fls.v5i1.1515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18063/fls.v5i1.1515","url":null,"abstract":"Qualitative research conducted in a non-English speaking setting requires the researchers to prepare and present translations of data, and then to report on the project in English to reach a global audience. This paper considers the process and ethical considerations involved in such an invisible methodological phase. This includes activities undertaken before data analysis and at the point of data presentation in order to convey participants’ original meanings and fulfil translation ethics. It focuses on educational research using the constructivist-interpretive paradigm on the grounds that its knowledge construction process involves different parties and demands both researchers and the researched to co-construct knowledge. Therefore, researchers in this paradigm might encounter dilemmas around translating data generated from interviews with non-English speaking participants. This paper offers strategies to address translation dilemmas for bilingual researchers based on the existing literature and own experience.","PeriodicalId":285689,"journal":{"name":"Forum for Linguistic Studies","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127218772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A social-cognitive research on metaphor and metonymy: Taking age appellations in Chinese as an example 隐喻与转喻的社会认知研究——以汉语年龄称谓为例
Forum for Linguistic Studies Pub Date : 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.18063/fls.v4i1.1456
Yan Zheng
{"title":"A social-cognitive research on metaphor and metonymy: Taking age appellations in Chinese as an example","authors":"Yan Zheng","doi":"10.18063/fls.v4i1.1456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18063/fls.v4i1.1456","url":null,"abstract":"The process from individual language to communal language, from individual experience to communal embodiment, and from individual cognition to collective cognition is based on human embodiment and social interactions. Metaphor and metonymy are two basic cognitive approaches to the world. Thus, human cognition is metaphorical and metonymic in essence, and metaphonymy is embodied and social in nature. In the perspective of social embodied cognition, this paper, taking social metaphonymy as a theoretical foundation and the Chinese age appellations as the corpus, demonstrates that Chinese age appellation has eight metaphonymic categories, namely, physiology, gender, wisdom, accessories, raising, behavior, animal and plant, and number. The paper, by expounding the embodiment and metaphonymy, aims to reveal metaphonymic cognitive mechanism of Chinese age appellations.","PeriodicalId":285689,"journal":{"name":"Forum for Linguistic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117111539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The development of Chinese university students’ intercultural competence in a short-term study-abroad program 短期海外留学项目对中国大学生跨文化能力的培养
Forum for Linguistic Studies Pub Date : 2022-08-28 DOI: 10.18063/fls.v4i1.1460
Hongshan Zuo, Y. Hu
{"title":"The development of Chinese university students’ intercultural competence in a short-term study-abroad program","authors":"Hongshan Zuo, Y. Hu","doi":"10.18063/fls.v4i1.1460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18063/fls.v4i1.1460","url":null,"abstract":"With increasing internationalization in higher education, more and more Chinese universities are providing students with exchange programs in cooperation with foreign universities. Hitherto, however, research about Chinese university students’ intercultural competence in a study-abroad context has been relatively rare. The present study, adopting a mixed-method research design, examines the development of Chinese students’ intercultural competence in a short-term study-abroad program, as well as the factors that might have a role to play in the process. It is found that the students made significant progress in intercultural competence after participating in the program and factors such as attitudes towards intercultural communication, cultural knowledge storage, English language proficiency and engagement in intercultural communication are important contributors to the development of intercultural competence in a short-term study-abroad context.","PeriodicalId":285689,"journal":{"name":"Forum for Linguistic Studies","volume":"270 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114938751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of content retelling on incidental vocabulary acquisition for Chinese EFL learners 内容复述对中国英语学习者附带词汇习得的影响
Forum for Linguistic Studies Pub Date : 2022-08-28 DOI: 10.18063/fls.v4i1.1461
Jingyi Jin, Shuguang Li
{"title":"The effect of content retelling on incidental vocabulary acquisition for Chinese EFL learners","authors":"Jingyi Jin, Shuguang Li","doi":"10.18063/fls.v4i1.1461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18063/fls.v4i1.1461","url":null,"abstract":"As the foundation of English learning, the acquisition of vocabulary has always been a hot topic in the fields of second language acquisition and foreign language teaching. Contrasted with intentional vocabulary acquisition, incidental vocabulary acquisition (IVA) relates to lexical gains as a by-product of main cognitive activities. In the field of teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL) in Chinese high schools, the incidental acquisition of English vocabulary has increasingly attracted the academic attention in recent years. However, few empirical studies have focused on the incidental acquisition of English vocabulary engendered by doing content retelling tasks. In light of the inadequacy, this study adopted the quality audio-visual material as input and content retelling as output (forming an input-output-input circle), aiming at exploring the effect of retelling on Chinese high school EFL learners’ IVA. Results indicated that learners who retold the content of the audio-visual material between two viewings can pick up more words. In this process, the attempted use of new words in oral reproduction plays a positive role in strengthening the immediate acquisition and long-term retention of the target words.","PeriodicalId":285689,"journal":{"name":"Forum for Linguistic Studies","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115748765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A bibliometric study of the research field of experimental philosophy of language 实验语言哲学研究领域的文献计量学研究
Forum for Linguistic Studies Pub Date : 2022-08-27 DOI: 10.18063/fls.v4i1.1462
Jincai Li, Xiaozhen Zhu
{"title":"A bibliometric study of the research field of experimental philosophy of language","authors":"Jincai Li, Xiaozhen Zhu","doi":"10.18063/fls.v4i1.1462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18063/fls.v4i1.1462","url":null,"abstract":"The past eighteen years witnessed the rapid development of experimental philosophy of language. Adopting a bibliometric approach, this study examines the research trends and status quo of this burgeoning field based on a corpus of 237 publications retrieved from PhilPapers. It is observed that experimental philosophy of language has undergone three stages, the initiation stage, the development stage, and the extension stage, across which there is a clear upward trend in the annual number of publications. Michael Devitt, Edouard Machery, John Turri, Nat Hansen, et al., are found to be the most productive philosophers, testifying their leading positions in this field. Journals, instead of books, are the major homes of works in this area. The analysis also yields a list of influential works, including the seminal work “Semantics, Cross-cultural Style” and other significant publications on the semantics of various types of expressions. Relatedly, the major research themes are found to include not only intuitions about the reference of proper names, but also a wide array of philosophically and linguistically interesting issues like the meaning of color adjectives, epistemic modals, and predicates of personal taste, the norms of assertions and the essence of lies, etc. These findings showcase that experimental philosophy of language has broadened the research territory and offered deep insights into central issues of philosophy of language that are beyond the reach of the conventional armchair methodology.","PeriodicalId":285689,"journal":{"name":"Forum for Linguistic Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130645570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The L3 acquisition of English tense-aspect system by Uygur speakers with L2 Mandarin Chinese 维吾尔族使用二语普通话时体系统的三语习得
Forum for Linguistic Studies Pub Date : 2022-08-23 DOI: 10.18063/fls.v4i1.1459
Qianping Gu, Muradil Adil
{"title":"The L3 acquisition of English tense-aspect system by Uygur speakers with L2 Mandarin Chinese","authors":"Qianping Gu, Muradil Adil","doi":"10.18063/fls.v4i1.1459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18063/fls.v4i1.1459","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the role of Lexical Aspect Hypothesis (LAH) and linguistic typological similarity in the L3 acquisition of English tense and aspect among Uygur speakers with L2 Mandarin Chinese (Chinese hereafter). LAH asserts that the emerging verbal inflections at the early stage of language acquisition primarily function as markers of the lexical aspect and thus predicts universality for acquisition of tense and aspect. However, with an assumption of language transfer, the typological closer relationship of Uygur with English in terms of the tense and aspect system was expected to trigger L1 transfer in L3 acquisition. The study analyzed the English tense and aspect forms used by the participants (N = 25) for verbs of four distinct lexical aspects (50 target items) in contexts of past. The result shows that the lexical aspect influences the appropriate use of past tense—past tense marker aligned with telic predicates (achievements and accomplishments), -ing with activities (for inappropriate uses), and nonpast with states (for inappropriate uses), and the influence is observed at each proficiency level. The results show little evidence for language transfer in the acquisition of the English past tense, either from L1 Uygur or L2 Chinese; instead, the data suggest that L3 acquisition of tense and aspect is more subject to acquisitional universality (LAH).","PeriodicalId":285689,"journal":{"name":"Forum for Linguistic Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114827958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A semantic contrastive study of Chinese and English verb “跑/run” from the perspective of cognitive semantics 认知语义学视角下英汉动词“跑”的语义对比研究
Forum for Linguistic Studies Pub Date : 2022-08-20 DOI: 10.18063/fls.v4i1.1458
Pei-hu Fang, Qi Liu
{"title":"A semantic contrastive study of Chinese and English verb “跑/run” from the perspective of cognitive semantics","authors":"Pei-hu Fang, Qi Liu","doi":"10.18063/fls.v4i1.1458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18063/fls.v4i1.1458","url":null,"abstract":"Based on corpus data, this paper finds that the semantics of “跑/run” have similarities, which lie in the consistency of the central meanings and common usages. The differences are: 1) the meanings of “run” are significantly more than those of “跑”, resulting in a great divergence in the numbers of meanings; 2) compared with “跑”, the implications of “run” display a higher level of specificity. On the basis of cognitive theories, the paper has yielded the following findings. The semantic overlaps of “跑/run” root in their identical prototypical meanings. The semantic differences are generated by the following factors: 1) the image-schema distribution of “run” is wider with more abstract representations than that of “跑”, due to which many unique semantic items come into being; 2) semantic systems of “跑/run” adopt different metaphorical methods, contributing to more comprehensive cognitive domains of the semantic mapping and closer semantic interrelations of “run” than those of “跑”.","PeriodicalId":285689,"journal":{"name":"Forum for Linguistic Studies","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132507391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A dialogic view on construal: A study on the instantiations of wh-interrogative words in wh-dialogues 解译的对话观:“wh”对话中“wh”疑问句的实例化研究
Forum for Linguistic Studies Pub Date : 2022-08-19 DOI: 10.18063/fls.v4i1.1455
Guocai Zeng
{"title":"A dialogic view on construal: A study on the instantiations of wh-interrogative words in wh-dialogues","authors":"Guocai Zeng","doi":"10.18063/fls.v4i1.1455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18063/fls.v4i1.1455","url":null,"abstract":"As the basic notion in cognitive grammar, construal is expounded from various aspects in terms of different conversational purposes in linguistic communication. Based on the well-discussed dimensions of construal from Langacker’s view, this study investigates the dimensions of construal from a dialogic view, particularly in cases of English wh-dialogues, with the aim of deciphering how the dialogic focus, the wh-word positioned at the head of the wh-question, is cognitively grounded in the answer. According to the ways that such wh-words are grounded, the dynamic adjustment of dialogic focuses in wh-dialogues is then examined, hopefully to shed some light on the interpretation of the utterance meaning from a dialogic view.","PeriodicalId":285689,"journal":{"name":"Forum for Linguistic Studies","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134477650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The developmental trajectory of mandarin Chinese-speaking children’s pure metonymy comprehension ability 普通话儿童纯转喻理解能力的发展轨迹
Forum for Linguistic Studies Pub Date : 2022-08-19 DOI: 10.18063/fls.v4i1.1457
Songqiao Xie
{"title":"The developmental trajectory of mandarin Chinese-speaking children’s pure metonymy comprehension ability","authors":"Songqiao Xie","doi":"10.18063/fls.v4i1.1457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18063/fls.v4i1.1457","url":null,"abstract":"This empirical study investigates Chinese children’s developmental trajectory of pure metonymy comprehension. In the light of the experiment design in Jiang’s (2019) and Köder and Falkum’s (2020) studies, the present study, adopting a quantitative approach, employed a modified behavioral experiment and an eye-tracking experiment. Drawing on the experimental data, the study finds that: a) children’s metonymy comprehension performance showed a tendency towards the U-shape in the behavioral experiment tasks; b) children’s target (metonymy) fixation proportion, however, developed with age in the eye-tracking tasks; c) children’s metonymy comprehension not only developed with age but also showed different features in different difficulty levels of metonymies. Thus, this study explains the U-shape by arguing that age-4 and -5 children’s pure metonymy comprehension ability can be masked not only by a literal preference reported in Köder and Falkum’s (2020) study but also by the high randomness of task results of the age-3 participants and the high level of difficulty of culture-related metonymies. Moreover, the study also argues that year six is a crucial stage for children’s metonymy comprehension development, which provides implications for children’s early figurative language education.","PeriodicalId":285689,"journal":{"name":"Forum for Linguistic Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130493532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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