Composites Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"A pressure modulation approach to enhance mechanical properties of 3D-printed continuous fiber-reinforced composites","authors":"Junming Zhang ,&nbsp;Weidong Yang ,&nbsp;Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Yonglin Chen ,&nbsp;Yiu-Wing Mai ,&nbsp;Yan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D-printed continuous fiber-reinforced composites (CFRCs) have significant potential for applications in the aerospace and automotive industries. However, their mechanical performance is often compromised by defects such as interlayer voids, weak interfaces, and insufficient impregnation arising from the layer-by-layer printing process. In this study, we propose a pressure modulation approach to enhance the mechanical properties of 3D printed CFRCs. The pressure-driven intimate contact and impregnation behavior during printing were modeled to reveal the relationship between the printing pressure and the defects. Then, a multi-scale finite element model was developed to link these defects to mechanical performance. Furthermore, we optimized the printing pressure by adjusting the printing layer height, which significantly reduced defects and led to a nine-fold increase in the transverse tensile strength of 3D-printed CFRCs. The experimental results of CFRCs printed at different layer heights validate the proposed model, demonstrating that increasing printing pressure enhances intimate contact and impregnation, hence improving the mechanical performance of 3D-printed CFRCs. This study proposes a pressure modulation approach to enhance the mechanical performance of 3D-printed CFRCs, enabling their broader application in the aerospace and automotive industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 111277"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of yarn deformation on the mechanical behavior of 2.5D 1/2-twill warp-lining woven composites via an OCRNet+HRNet based parametric modeling method","authors":"Xiangling Zhang ,&nbsp;Junhua Guo ,&nbsp;Yifan Zhang ,&nbsp;Chun Guo ,&nbsp;Weidong Wen ,&nbsp;Wantao Guo ,&nbsp;Huabing Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 2.5D 1/2-twill warp-lining woven composites (2.5D-1/2T-WLWC) are a highly promising material, but the precise extraction of its meso-structural parameters and the rapid construction of high-fidelity models remain key challenges limiting its engineering applications. In this work, a semantic segmentation technique in the field of computer vision, i.e., OCRNet + HRNet network, is introduced, and a parametric and automated modeling method considering yarn extrusion is proposed on this basis, which introduces a parameter <em>λ</em> for yarn extrusion control and a model interference correction method for yarn node control. Subsequently, the rationality of the proposed modeling method is verified in terms of geometrical parameters, mechanical properties and damage modes, and the influence of the parameter λ on the mechanical behavior of the material is analyzed. The results show that the average comparison error of geometric parameters is only 5.16 %, the maximum prediction error of mechanical properties is only 3.51 %, the predicted stress-strain curve is basically consistent with the experimental curve, and the key features of the ultimate damage morphology coincide with the actual fracture. It is also revealed that as parameter <em>λ</em> increases, the stiffness and strength of the material under warp loading increase, while they exhibit an initial increase followed by a decrease under weft loading. Therefore, by regulating parameter <em>λ</em>, the internal stress distribution of the material can be optimized, and its mechanical properties and damage resistance can be improved, which has a significant engineering reference value for material design and molding process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 111276"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of “octopus\"-like POSS nanostructure triggerring interpenetrating network for high-performance epoxy thermosets and CFRP composites","authors":"Mengyuan Hao ,&nbsp;Jiaming Yang ,&nbsp;Chengxi Zhu ,&nbsp;Yonggang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Qian ,&nbsp;Jianhai Zhi ,&nbsp;Li Liu ,&nbsp;Yudong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Simultaneously toughening and strengthening epoxy thermosets remains the critical challenge in the advancement of high-performance matrices used in advanced carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs). In this research, a series of “octopus\"-like nano-POSS fillers with diverse side-chain structures were synthesized and incorporated as the toughening core in an in-situ interpenetrating network (IPN). This approach aims to achieve synergistic toughening and strengthening through multiple mechanisms, primarily including particle debonding and plastic shear deformation. Firstly, the critical impacts of side-chain structures in POSS on structure-related parameters were systematically investigated, with particular emphasis on physical entanglement and spatial hindrance. It was confirmed that extended flexible linear segments within POSS promoted robust physical entanglement, effectively increasing the cross-link density of the system and thereby enhancing its energy absorption capabilities. As a result, the maximum tensile strength and impact toughness of the matrix reached 105 MPa and 40.3 kJ/m², respectively, representing a 19.3 % increase in tensile strength and a remarkable 155.1 % improvement in impact toughness compared to pure epoxy. Significant improvements in flexural properties, impact toughness, and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of CFRPs have been demonstrated, effectively validating their performance enhancements. Specifically, for the E/V/OCPC composite, the flexural strength and impact toughness were elevated to 473 MPa and 53.8 kJ/m², marking respective improvements of 20.1 % and 47.0 % over EP composites. The considerable enhancement in the properties of the matrix and composites underscores the efficacy of constructing homogeneous synergistic toughening systems and optimizing the physical entanglement of nanofillers in developing advanced composites with superior performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 111273"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of thermal conductive porous elastomer via supercritical CO2 foaming-assisted BN alignment","authors":"Zuoze Fan,&nbsp;Bo Wang,&nbsp;Yishen Zhao,&nbsp;Ruyun Xu,&nbsp;Lei Zhang,&nbsp;Guangxian Li,&nbsp;Xia Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Development of lightweight thermally conductive polymers can alleviate the overheating issues of batteries and electronic components. Supercritical CO₂ (scCO₂) foaming technology has the capabilities of both reducing the weight of polymers and constructing thermal conduction pathway. Herein, the layered cell structure induced by scCO₂ foaming technology was used to drive the arrangement of boron nitride (BN) in liquid silicone rubber (LSR) foam. Impacts of the layered cell structure on the orientation degree of BN and the thermal conductive pathways were investigated through X-ray diffraction and finite-element simulation. It was found that the cell growth facilitated alignment of BN along the layer direction. Compared with the isotropic distributed BN, aligned BN was more conducive to the formation of thermal conductive pathways and reduced local overheating. For BN/LSR foam with similar volume expansion ratios and cell sizes, the thermal conductivity of the layered composite foam was 141 % that of the uniform composite foam. In comparison to the unfoamed BN/LSR solid, BN/LSR foam with a layered cell structure exhibited faster thermal responsiveness and more excellent compressive cycling performance. The design of layered cell structure proposed in this work provided a new perspective for improving the heat dissipation capacity of foam materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 111275"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure tensor-based analysis method for quantitative assessment of fibre waviness in fibre-steered laminates manufactured by continuous tow shearing","authors":"Charles P. Macleod,&nbsp;Bohao Zhang,&nbsp;Jonathan Cooper,&nbsp;Byung Chul Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Producing fibre-steered laminates require the use of automated tape deposition techniques. Although the Automated Fibre Placement (AFP) is the state-of-the-art fibre steering technology, its tape handling mechanism causes various defects such as tape buckling. Continuous tow shearing (CTS) was developed to eliminate such defects by in-plane shearing prepreg tapes, demonstrating superior fibre steering quality. However, the inherent fibre misalignments within the tape material may result in micro-level fibre waviness during shearing. It is important to measure the fibre waviness level in CTS-steered prepreg layups or laminates.</div><div>The existing fibre waviness measuring processes requires high-fidelity microscope images, limiting scanning area and processing time. This paper presents a new method utilising Structure Tensor Analysis (STA) for 100 mm wide, CTS-steered prepreg tapes scanned using a contact image sensor. The effects of the processing parameters of the STA on the accuracy of the analysis result were investigated, by comparing the results against microscopic analysis using the High Resolution Misalignment Analysis (HRMA). The analysis results have demonstrated that the STA has the potential for fast and cost-effective fibre-waviness inspection to verify layup quality of fibre-steered layups and laminates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 111270"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MXene-assisted facile recycling of waste fibers with alginate into fireproof and insulating composites","authors":"Lin Weng ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiayi Han ,&nbsp;Shasha Tian ,&nbsp;Saidi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The soaring consumer demand for textiles has led to significant environmental challenges regarding textile waste disposal, as current methods such as landfilling and incineration are ineffective in addressing textile waste while minimizing environmental impact. In this study, waste polyester and cotton fibers were effectively recycled into a composite material through the incorporation of MXene dispersion and alginate fiber, utilizing a sustainable and energy-efficient opening-carding-needle punching technique. The flammability tests combined with infrared thermal imaging analysis demonstrated the excellent self-extinguishing performance and thermal insulation properties of the prepared composite felt. The composite felt released abundant non-flammable CO₂/H₂O gases, and maintained its fibrous skeleton integrity throughout combustion, effectively suppressing the diffusion of smoke and heat. The combustion residue char was found to contain calcium salt and titanium oxides, which, upon in-depth investigation, acted as an effective barrier. Combined with non-flammable gaseous phases, it impeded the permeation of radicals and oxygen, successfully interrupting the combustion process. The proposed recycling method demonstrated superior recovery efficiency and cost-effectiveness compared to alternative processes. It not only minimized resource wastage but also generated a high-value product, thereby significantly reducing environmental pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 111272"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic mechanical behavior of three-dimensional six-directional braided composites at ultra-low temperatures","authors":"Heng Yang ,&nbsp;Wenhao Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Yifeng Dong ,&nbsp;Shengjie Wang ,&nbsp;Panding Wang ,&nbsp;Hongshuai Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the dynamic mechanical behavior of the three-dimensional braided composites at ultra-low temperatures is crucial for reliable applications in extreme environments, such as deep space exploration. This study systematically investigated the dynamic mechanical properties and damage evolution of three-dimensional six-directional carbon fiber reinforced polymer braided composites at temperatures down to −180 °C through combined experimental testing and numerical prediction. A dynamic experimental platform enabling in situ observation under ultra-low temperatures was established, and mechanical property tests were conducted across different strain rates and temperatures. By integrating micro-computed tomography data with elastic-plastic constitutive relations, a high-fidelity numerical model was developed to predict dynamic mechanical behavior more accurately, achieving excellent agreement with experimental results. These findings provide valuable insights into the structural design and performance prediction of three-dimensional braided composites operating at ultra-low temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 111271"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale synergistic enhancement of hydrothermal durability in NBR through graphene-carbon nanotube architectures","authors":"Ruijie Han ,&nbsp;Pengfei Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingyuan Zhan ,&nbsp;Yuanrui Shao ,&nbsp;Jin Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydrothermal failure of nitrile rubber (NBR) in geothermal sealing systems remains a critical challenge. This study fabricates graphene (GN)/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced NBR composites (GN/CNTs-NBR) via solution blending process. Through integrated analysis of water diffusion kinetics, molecular dynamics simulations, and multiscale structural characterization, we elucidate the inhibition mechanism of filler synergistic effects on hydrothermal aging behavior in rubber matrices. Experimental results demonstrate that the GN/CNTs-NBR maintains 21.7 MPa tensile strength after 170 °C/48 h aging, with a 19.3 % improvement over pristine NBR, while reducing the swelling ratio to 13.0 % (19.8 % decrease). Adsorption isotherm analysis reveals that the filler network reduces the Langmuir equilibrium constant (K_L) by 17.6 % (0.14) with superior model fit (R² = 0.98). Molecular dynamics simulations confirm a 32.4 % decrease in water molecular diffusion coefficient (0.69 × 10⁻⁷ cm²/s) and 26.3 % enhancement in Van der Waals energy compared to pristine NBR. The restricted molecular chain mobility (34.2 % MSD reduction) and hysteresis behavior analysis (28.5 % energy dissipation decrease) collectively validate the multiscale suppression mechanism of hydrothermal degradation. This work provides new insights for designing extreme-environment rubber seals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 111268"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesoscopic damage evolution and rate-dependent porosity prediction model of a composite propellant by in situ X-ray tomography","authors":"Zhelin Dong ,&nbsp;Chunguang Wang ,&nbsp;Kaining Zhang ,&nbsp;Chongpu Zhai ,&nbsp;Hanlin Wang ,&nbsp;Feifei Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrate ester plasticized polyether (NEPE) composite propellant is widely used in solid rocket motors, serving as the power source of the launch vehicles. The propellant is always subjected to complex mechanical loads during the service, which could induce mesoscopic damage represented by cracks and pores, then eventually reduces carrying capacity of the composite. To illustrate the internal damage evolution mechanisms of NEPE propellant under uniaxial tension, this study developed an <em>in situ</em> X-ray tomography to extract the changing of mesosturctures at different strain rates, then reconstruction of components and pores was conducted to track the damage morphologies’ evolution. As the interfacial debonding preferred to initiate at the large particles, the debonded interfaces would grow into pores with extension of strain, then formed different damage morphologies depending on mesostructures. In addition, the porosity evolution was analyzed at different strain rates, which presented distinct rate-dependent characteristics. By introducing critical debonding stress criteria with a pore evolution model, a rate-dependent porosity prediction model was proposed, and this model provided an excellent agreement with experiment results, which is valuable to damage assessment and integrity analysis of the composite propellant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 111267"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144296950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notch nonlinearities in pseudo-ductile composite laminates: A novel LE/HE sublaminate design","authors":"A. Subramani ,&nbsp;P. Maimí ,&nbsp;J. Cugnoni ,&nbsp;R. Amacher ,&nbsp;J. Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Attempts to achieve pseudo-ductility in quasi-isotropic (QI) thin-ply laminates have traditionally relied on stacking [LE/HE/LE] sublaminates, with LE representing low-elongation and HE high-elongation. However, the increase in effective ply thickness led to reduced unnotched strength. Alternatively, in this study, we define a new sublaminate configuration ([LE/HE]) to minimise the increase in ply-block thickness and compare experimentally such hybrid QI thin-ply laminate with a conventional thin-ply QI (<span><math><mrow><mi>Π</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math></span>) laminate. The hybrid specimens demonstrated consistent but modest pseudo-ductile properties (ultimate-to-pseudo-yield strength ratio, <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>σ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><msub><mrow><mi>σ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>=1.1; pseudo-ductile strain, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ɛ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>=0.3%). Using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and advanced dark-field X-ray imaging, we detected earlier and more pronounced deviations from linear strain fields in hybrids compared to the reference laminates. The hybrid laminates showed an 11.7% reduction in unnotched strength but a 4% increase in notched strength in Open-Hole Tension (OHT) specimens. Thus, the proposed hybridisation introduces new damage mechanisms facilitating stress redistribution, thereby recovering more nominal strength with a reduced impact on the unnotched strength. Our findings suggest viable approaches to integrate pseudo-ductility into thin-ply laminates whilst preserving the inherent advantages of ply thinness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 111250"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}